EP2464798B1 - Prefabricated construction element for preventing cold bridging - Google Patents

Prefabricated construction element for preventing cold bridging Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2464798B1
EP2464798B1 EP10761053.7A EP10761053A EP2464798B1 EP 2464798 B1 EP2464798 B1 EP 2464798B1 EP 10761053 A EP10761053 A EP 10761053A EP 2464798 B1 EP2464798 B1 EP 2464798B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prefabricated element
prefabricated
bracket
brackets
building
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EP10761053.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2464798A2 (en
Inventor
Gérard Sekrane
Pierre Valla
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
    • E04B5/261—Monolithic filling members
    • E04B5/263—Monolithic filling members with a flat lower surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/2612—Joist hangers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B2005/173—Floor structures partly formed in situ with permanent forms for the floor edges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated element for the construction of buildings, to a beam intended to cooperate with such an element, and to a building incorporating such elements.
  • the prefabricated technique only imperfectly solves the problem related to thermal bridges, that is to say the areas of least thermal resistance between the outside and the inside, located in particular at the connection between the external walls. and the floors.
  • thermal bridges are really harmful to a building and their presence entails in particular energy losses (typically of the order of 5% of heat loss of a building), moisture in the walls, and an increase in corrosion of the building. the structure.
  • thermal breakers formed for example polystyrene
  • FR 2,539,165 and DE 20 2006 008 435 U each proposing a prefabricated element for the construction of a building, comprising a structural part provided with a first face intended to be placed on the exterior side of said building, a second face intended to be placed on the interior side of said building, said element incorporating, on at least a portion of its second surface, at least one layer of at least one insulating material
  • the insulation for removing thermal bridges is part of the prefabricated element: it is no longer necessary to set up means of insulation after the introduction of this element, which is a considerable simplification compared to other existing solutions and provides significantly improved rates and construction costs.
  • the present invention is intended in particular to enable the construction of floors with reduction - or even elimination - of thermal bridges between the aforementioned prefabricated elements and these floors.
  • This object of the invention is achieved with a prefabricated element for the construction of a building, comprising a structural part provided with a first face intended to be placed on the outer side of said building, a second face intended to be placed on the outside. interior side of said building, said element incorporating, on at least a portion of its second surface, at least one layer of at least one insulating material, and a plurality of support brackets of floor structure elements.
  • floor structure elements may be beams between which are intended to be placed slabs or interjoists, or pre-slabs, the assembly then being intended to be embedded in the concrete (if necessary with adding reinforcement) to form a floor.
  • the present invention also relates to a floor structure element adapted to cooperate with a prefabricated element according to the invention, and for this purpose comprising at least one mounting plate on said bracket.
  • the present invention also relates to a construction incorporating at least one prefabricated element and at least one floor structure element conforming to the foregoing, at least one plate of said floor frame member cooperating with at least one bracket of said prefabricated element.
  • linkages are welded to platens located vis-à-vis: the presence of these irons reinforces the construction vis-à-vis the seismic risk.
  • the invention will be used in any individual, collective or industrial construction.
  • such a stage beam 1 has on its face located inside the building, a plurality of brackets 29 reinforced by a ribbing 31, these brackets can be fixed to the structural part 25 of the beam 1 for example by sealing or flooding into the concrete forming this structural part, during the pouring of the concrete.
  • a layer of insulating material 27 is incorporated in the stage beam 1 between the brackets 29, but also inside them: for this purpose, during the manufacture of the prefabricated stage beam 1, it is inserted loaves of insulating material 33 in the space delimited by the ribbing 31.
  • brackets are preferably fixed by welding threaded rods 35 adapted to cooperate with plates 37 integral with prefabricated beams 39.
  • Such prefabricated beams are the framework of the floor and are intended to be interconnected by filling elements such as slabs or interjoists.
  • These beams may for example be made of reinforced concrete, or of the type with stiffener and metal profile filled with polyurethane foam (product ISOLTOP (R) - see www.isoltop.com), or even of the type with stiffener and profiled in composite material.
  • the brackets 29 can be very easily obtained from sections of metal beams in "I", commonly referred to as IPN, whose wings are sawed at an angle (for example by means of a diamond disc) in order to obtain the ribbing 31. : such a section of IPN is visible on the figure 4 , the portion removed by sawing to obtain the ribbing 31 being shown in dashed lines; once this part is removed, two plates P1 and P2 are soldered to the IPN section by welding, the plate P1 being intended to be embedded in the concrete forming the structural part 25 of the stage beam.
  • brackets are advantageously carried out in the factory, so that the prefabricated floor beam 1 arrives fully ready, with its structural part 25, its incorporated insulating part 27, 33, and the brackets associated 29.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown.
  • this invention is generalizable to any type of prefabricated element incorporating an insulation layer for breaking thermal bridges: such elements prefabricated can be horizontal elements, vertical, or oblique, and elements to bancher (or “banches”), that is to say, hollow elements that can be filled for example concrete.
  • these prefabricated elements are arranged in such a way that the layer of insulating material incorporated in these elements is arranged not vertically as described in the previous examples, but in an inclined or horizontally: this would be the case, for example, if such prefabricated elements were used between a ground floor and a median.
  • prefabricated elements according to the invention having any other shape than the rectilinear form described above: this shape could in particular have one or more curvatures, one or more recesses, etc.
  • the brackets and plates integral with the corresponding floor beams of course have a curvature adapted to match that of the prefabricated element.
  • the pre-slabs 53 may in some cases be contiguous, and thus to overcome the implementation of slabs or interjoists.
  • plates of composite material 55 have been placed between the plates P1 of the brackets 29 and the structural part 25 of the prefabricated element: these plates, which can for example be sealed on the plates P1 of the brackets 29 , allow to strengthen the thermal break effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un élément préfabriqué pour la construction de bâtiments, à une poutrelle destinée à coopérer avec un tel élément, et à un bâtiment incorporant de tels éléments.The present invention relates to a prefabricated element for the construction of buildings, to a beam intended to cooperate with such an element, and to a building incorporating such elements.

Il est déjà connu d'utiliser des éléments préfabriqués afin de faciliter les constructions des bâtiments.It is already known to use prefabricated elements to facilitate the construction of buildings.

Ces éléments au coût de revient moins important que celui des pièces réalisées sur chantier, permettent un gain financier notable et présentent une certaine simplicité d'utilisation, ce qui permet en conséquence de gagner du temps lors d'une construction. De tels éléments existent pour presque toutes les applications dans les constructions : poutres, poteaux, escaliers...These elements, which cost less than those produced on site, allow a significant financial gain and a certain simplicity of use, which consequently saves time during construction. Such elements exist for almost all applications in buildings: beams, columns, stairs ...

Toutefois, la technique des préfabriqués ne résout qu'imparfaitement la problématique liée aux ponts thermiques, c'est-à-dire aux zones de moindre résistance thermique entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur, situées en particulier à la liaison entre les murs extérieurs et les planchers.However, the prefabricated technique only imperfectly solves the problem related to thermal bridges, that is to say the areas of least thermal resistance between the outside and the inside, located in particular at the connection between the external walls. and the floors.

Ces ponts thermiques sont réellement nuisibles à un bâtiment et leur présence entraîne notamment des pertes énergétiques (typiquement de l'ordre de 5% des pertes de chaleur d'un bâtiment), de l'humidité dans les parois, et une augmentation de corrosion de la structure.These thermal bridges are really harmful to a building and their presence entails in particular energy losses (typically of the order of 5% of heat loss of a building), moisture in the walls, and an increase in corrosion of the building. the structure.

Différentes techniques existent pour supprimer ou réduire ces ponts thermiques inhérents à l'utilisation de préfabriqués, consistant par exemple à insérer des rupteurs thermiques (formés par exemple en polystyrène) dans la zone de raccordement des poutrelles de plancher aux murs extérieurs, à placer une isolation extérieure sur les murs, etc.Various techniques exist to eliminate or reduce these thermal bridges inherent to the use of prefabricated, consisting for example of inserting thermal breakers (formed for example polystyrene) in the connection area of the floor beams to the outer walls, to place an insulation outside on the walls, etc.

Toutes ces solutions existantes nécessitent des interventions spécifiques rendant plus complexes la construction des bâtiments, et amenuisant le bénéfice procuré par l'utilisation d'éléments de construction préfabriqués.All these existing solutions require specific interventions making the construction of buildings more complex, and reducing the benefit of using prefabricated building elements.

Pour remédier à ces inconvénients, FR 2 539 165 et DE 20 2006 008 435 U proposent chacun un élément préfabriqué pour la construction d'un bâtiment, comportant une partie structurelle munie d'une première face destinée à être placée du côté extérieur dudit bâtiment, d'une deuxième face destinée à être placée du côté intérieur dudit bâtiment, ledit élément incorporant, sur au moins une partie de sa deuxième surface, au moins une couche d'au moins un matériau isolantTo remedy these disadvantages, FR 2,539,165 and DE 20 2006 008 435 U each proposing a prefabricated element for the construction of a building, comprising a structural part provided with a first face intended to be placed on the exterior side of said building, a second face intended to be placed on the interior side of said building, said element incorporating, on at least a portion of its second surface, at least one layer of at least one insulating material

Avec les solutions proposées par chacun de ces deux documents de l'état de la technique, l'isolation permettant de supprimer les ponts thermiques fait partie de l'élément préfabriqué : il n'est donc plus nécessaire de mettre en place des moyens d'isolation postérieurement à la mise en place de cet élément, ce qui constitue une simplification considérable par rapport aux autres solutions existantes et permet d'obtenir des cadences et de coûts de construction nettement améliorés.With the solutions proposed by each of these two documents of the state of the art, the insulation for removing thermal bridges is part of the prefabricated element: it is no longer necessary to set up means of insulation after the introduction of this element, which is a considerable simplification compared to other existing solutions and provides significantly improved rates and construction costs.

Toutefois les solutions exposées dans ces deux documents présentent l'inconvénient d'une épaisseur réduite de structure porteuse du mur dans lequel elles sont incorporées ce qui peut s'avérer contraignant dans la construction des bâtiments, en particulier dans les zones à risque sismique, et ne réalisent pas une isolation thermique continue de l'intérieur du bâtiment.However, the solutions presented in these two documents have the disadvantage of a reduced thickness of the supporting structure of the wall in which they are incorporated which can be binding in the construction of buildings, particularly in areas with seismic risk, and do not achieve continuous thermal insulation of the building interior.

Il est également connu de la demande de brevet DE 2714578 des plaques de parement comportant des crochets de jonction en forme d'équerre qui réalisent des jonctions entre une structure plancher et la plaque de parement d'un mur en bloc de béton isolé par l'extérieur. Dans la solution proposée, la structure du plancher est en appui sur les blocs de béton et les équerres de jonction n'assure aucun rôle porteur. Cette solution n'apporte donc pas d'amélioration à l'isolation thermique d'un bâtiment par rapport à celle d'une isolation par l'extérieur.It is also known from the patent application DE 2714578 facing plates having angled tie-in hooks which provide junctions between a floor structure and the facing plate of an insulated concrete block wall from the outside. In the proposed solution, the floor structure is supported on the concrete blocks and the connecting brackets provides no carrier role. This solution therefore does not improve the thermal insulation of a building compared to that of an insulation from the outside.

La présente invention a notamment pour but de permettre la réalisation de planchers avec réduction - voire suppression - des ponts thermiques entre les éléments préfabriqués susmentionnés et ces planchers.The present invention is intended in particular to enable the construction of floors with reduction - or even elimination - of thermal bridges between the aforementioned prefabricated elements and these floors.

On atteint ce but de l'invention avec un élément préfabriqué pour la construction d'un bâtiment, comportant une partie structurelle munie d'une première face destinée à être placée du côté extérieur dudit bâtiment, d'une deuxième face destinée à être placée du côté intérieur dudit bâtiment, ledit élément incorporant, sur au moins une partie de sa deuxième surface, au moins une couche d'au moins un matériau isolant, ainsi qu'une pluralité d'équerres de support d'éléments formant ossature de plancher.This object of the invention is achieved with a prefabricated element for the construction of a building, comprising a structural part provided with a first face intended to be placed on the outer side of said building, a second face intended to be placed on the outside. interior side of said building, said element incorporating, on at least a portion of its second surface, at least one layer of at least one insulating material, and a plurality of support brackets of floor structure elements.

Ces équerres de support, qui introduisent une discontinuité entre les éléments préfabriqués et les éléments formant ossature de plancher, contribuent à la rupture des ponts thermiques entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur des bâtiments.These support brackets, which introduce a discontinuity between prefabricated elements and floor framing elements, contribute to breaking thermal bridges between the exterior and interior of buildings.

A noter que les " éléments formant ossature de plancher " peuvent être des poutrelles entre lesquelles sont destinés à être placés des hourdis ou entrevous, ou bien des pré-dalles, l'ensemble étant ensuite destiné à être noyé dans le béton (si nécessaire avec ajout de ferraillages) pour former un plancher.Note that the "floor structure elements" may be beams between which are intended to be placed slabs or interjoists, or pre-slabs, the assembly then being intended to be embedded in the concrete (if necessary with adding reinforcement) to form a floor.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques optionnelles de l'invention :

  • ledit élément est apte à former un poteau ;
  • ledit élément est apte à former une poutre ;
  • lesdites équerres comprennent chacune un nervurage rempli d'un pain dudit matériau isolant : la présence d'un tel pain isolant renforce la fonction de rupture de pont thermique assurée par les équerres;
  • un pain dudit matériau isolant est disposé en sous-face de chaque équerre ;
  • lesdites équerres comprennent chacune un système de fixation tel qu'une tige filetée soudée sur l'équerre, apte à coopérer avec une platine solidaire d'un élément formant ossature de plancher ;
  • une plaque de matériau composite est interposée entre chaque équerre et ladite partie structurelle ;
  • lesdites équerres sont rapportées par scellement dans ladite partie structurelle ;
  • des fers soudés auxdites équerres sont noyés dans ladite partie structurelle ;
  • ladite partie structurelle est formée en béton armé ;
  • ladite partie structurelle comporte des réservations pour la mise en place de fers de renfort ;
  • ledit matériau isolant est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le polystyrène, la laine de verre, la laine de bois, la laine de roche, le chanvre, le liège ;
  • ledit élément incorpore un placage sur sa première face ;
  • ledit élément est du type banche.
According to other optional features of the invention:
  • said element is able to form a pole;
  • said element is able to form a beam;
  • said brackets each comprise a ridge filled with a roll of said insulating material: the presence of such an insulating roll reinforces the thermal bridge breaking function provided by the brackets;
  • a roll of said insulating material is disposed on the underside of each bracket;
  • said brackets each comprise a fastening system such as a threaded rod welded to the bracket, adapted to cooperate with a plate integral with a floor structure element;
  • a plate of composite material is interposed between each bracket and said structural part;
  • said brackets are reported by sealing in said structural part;
  • irons welded to said brackets are embedded in said structural part;
  • said structural portion is formed of reinforced concrete;
  • said structural part comprises reservations for the establishment of reinforcing irons;
  • said insulating material is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, glass wool, wood wool, rockwool, hemp, cork;
  • said element incorporates a veneer on its first face;
  • said element is of the box type.

La présente invention se rapporte également à un élément formant ossature de plancher adaptée pour coopérer avec un élément préfabriqué selon l'invention, et comportant à cet effet au moins une platine de fixation sur ladite équerre.The present invention also relates to a floor structure element adapted to cooperate with a prefabricated element according to the invention, and for this purpose comprising at least one mounting plate on said bracket.

Suivant des caractéristiques optionnelles de cet élément formant ossature :

  • cet élément formant ossature de plancher est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les poutrelles et les pré-dalles ;
  • cet élément formant ossature de plancher est une poutrelle du type à raidisseur et à profilé métallique rempli de mousse de polyuréthane (produit ISOLTOP (R) disponible sur le marché) ;
  • cet élément formant ossature de plancher est une poutrelle du type à raidisseur et à profilé en matériau composite (produit des demandeurs, décrit notamment dans la demande de brevet FR 10/00496 ).
According to optional features of this frame member:
  • this floor framing member is selected from the group consisting of beams and pre-slabs;
  • this floor framing member is a stiffener-type beam with a metal profile filled with polyurethane foam (ISOLTOP (R) product available on the market);
  • this floor structure element is a beam of the stiffener type and profiled composite material (product applicants, described in particular in the patent application FR 10/00496 ).

La présente invention se rapporte également à une construction incorporant au moins élément préfabriqué et au moins un élément formant ossature de plancher conformes à ce qui précède, au moins une platine dudit élément formant ossature de plancher coopérant avec au moins une équerre dudit élément préfabriqué.The present invention also relates to a construction incorporating at least one prefabricated element and at least one floor structure element conforming to the foregoing, at least one plate of said floor frame member cooperating with at least one bracket of said prefabricated element.

Suivant une caractéristique optionnelle de cette construction, des fers de liaison sont soudés à des platines situées en vis-à-vis : la présence de ces fers permet de renforcer la construction vis-à-vis du risque sismique.According to an optional feature of this construction, linkages are welded to platens located vis-à-vis: the presence of these irons reinforces the construction vis-à-vis the seismic risk.

L'invention sera utilisable dans toute construction individuelle, collective ou industrielle.The invention will be used in any individual, collective or industrial construction.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description détaillée exposée ci-dessous en regard des dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de la zone de liaison d'un plancher d'étage dont l'ossature est formée de poutrelles, avec une poutre d'étage selon invention ;
  • les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues respectivement de dessus et en coupe selon le plan P de la figure 2, correspondant au mode de réalisation de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 représente en perspective un tronçon de poutre métallique à partir duquel on peut obtenir les équerres de la poutre d'étage représentée aux figures 1 à 3, la partie de ce tronçon enlevée par sciage étant représentée en pointillés,
  • les figures 5 à 7 sont des vues analogues aux figures 1 à 3, dans le cas d'une construction parasismique avec plancher dont l'ossature est formée de poutrelles,
  • les figures 8 à 10 sont des vues analogues aux figures 5 à 7, dans le cas d'une construction parasismique avec plancher dont l'ossature est formée de pré-dalles, et
  • les figures 11 et 12, analogues aux figures 9 et 10, permettent de voir une variante de l'élément préfabriqué, et plus précisément de l'interface entre la partie structurelle et une équerre de cet élément.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the detailed description given below with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of the connecting zone of a floor of floor whose frame is formed of beams, with a floor beam according to the invention;
  • the Figures 2 and 3 are views respectively from above and in section along the plane P of the figure 2 , corresponding to the embodiment of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 4 represents in perspective a section of metal beam from which can be obtained the brackets of the floor beam shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 the portion of this section removed by sawing being shown in dashed lines,
  • the Figures 5 to 7 are views similar to Figures 1 to 3 , in the case of an earthquake-resistant construction with a floor made of beams,
  • the Figures 8 to 10 are views similar to Figures 5 to 7 in the case of earthquake-resistant construction with a pre-slab framing, and
  • the Figures 11 and 12 , similar to Figures 9 and 10 , allow to see a variant of the prefabricated element, and more precisely the interface between the structural part and a square of this element.

Sur l'ensemble de ces figures, des références identiques désignent des organes ou ensembles d'organes identiques ou analogues.In all of these figures, identical references denote identical or similar organs or sets of members.

On se reporte à présent aux figures 1 à 3, sur lesquelles on a représenté un exemple de poutre d'étage selon l'invention.We are now going back to Figures 1 to 3 , on which is represented an example of a floor beam according to the invention.

Comme on peut le voir sur ces figures, une telle poutre d'étage 1 comporte sur sa face située à l'intérieur du bâtiment, une pluralité d'équerres 29 renforcées par un nervurage 31, ces équerres pouvant être fixées à la partie structurelle 25 de la poutre 1 par exemple par scellement ou par noyage dans le béton formant cette partie structurelle, lors du coulage du béton.As can be seen in these figures, such a stage beam 1 has on its face located inside the building, a plurality of brackets 29 reinforced by a ribbing 31, these brackets can be fixed to the structural part 25 of the beam 1 for example by sealing or flooding into the concrete forming this structural part, during the pouring of the concrete.

Une couche de matériau isolant 27 est incorporée à la poutre d'étage 1, entre les équerres 29, mais également à l'intérieur de celles-ci : pour cela, lors de la fabrication de la poutre d'étage préfabriquée 1, on insère des pains de matériau isolant 33 dans l'espace délimité par le nervurage 31.A layer of insulating material 27 is incorporated in the stage beam 1 between the brackets 29, but also inside them: for this purpose, during the manufacture of the prefabricated stage beam 1, it is inserted loaves of insulating material 33 in the space delimited by the ribbing 31.

On obtient de la sorte une isolation thermique de l'intégralité de la face intérieure de la poutre d'étage 1, y compris dans les zones où se trouvent les équerres 29.In this way, a thermal insulation of the entire inner face of the floor beam 1 is obtained, including in the areas where the brackets 29 are located.

Sur ces équerres sont fixées de préférence par soudage des tiges filetées 35 aptes à coopérer avec des platines 37 solidaires de poutrelles préfabriquées 39.On these brackets are preferably fixed by welding threaded rods 35 adapted to cooperate with plates 37 integral with prefabricated beams 39.

Comme cela est connu en soi, de telles poutrelles préfabriquées constituent l'ossature du plancher et sont destinées à être reliées entre elles par des éléments de remplissage tels que des hourdis ou des entrevous. Ces poutrelles peuvent être par exemple en béton armé, ou bien du type à raidisseur et à profilé métallique rempli de mousse de polyuréthane (produit ISOLTOP (R) - voir www.isoltop.com), ou bien encore du type à raidisseur et à profilé en matériau composite.As is known per se, such prefabricated beams are the framework of the floor and are intended to be interconnected by filling elements such as slabs or interjoists. These beams may for example be made of reinforced concrete, or of the type with stiffener and metal profile filled with polyurethane foam (product ISOLTOP (R) - see www.isoltop.com), or even of the type with stiffener and profiled in composite material.

Pour sécuriser la liaison des poutrelles 39 avec les tiges filetées 35, on vient placer des boulons 41 sur ces tiges filetées.To secure the connection of the beams 39 with the threaded rods 35, we just place bolts 41 on these threaded rods.

De manière optionnelle, notamment dans les régions à risque sismique, on peut venir souder les platines 37 sur les tiges 35.Optionally, especially in regions at risk seismic, it is possible to weld the plates 37 on the rods 35.

Les équerres 29 peuvent être très facilement obtenues à partir de tronçons de poutres métalliques en " l ", couramment désignées par IPN, dont on scie les ailes en biais (par exemple au moyen d'un disque diamanté) afin d'obtenir le nervurage 31 : un tel tronçon d'IPN est visible sur la figure 4, la partie enlevée par sciage pour obtenir le nervurage 31 étant représentée en pointillés ; une fois cette partie enlevée, on vient rapporter par soudage deux plaques P1 et P2 sur le tronçon d'IPN, la plaque P1 étant destinée à être noyée dans le béton formant la partie structurelle 25 de la poutre d'étage.The brackets 29 can be very easily obtained from sections of metal beams in "I", commonly referred to as IPN, whose wings are sawed at an angle (for example by means of a diamond disc) in order to obtain the ribbing 31. : such a section of IPN is visible on the figure 4 , the portion removed by sawing to obtain the ribbing 31 being shown in dashed lines; once this part is removed, two plates P1 and P2 are soldered to the IPN section by welding, the plate P1 being intended to be embedded in the concrete forming the structural part 25 of the stage beam.

Comme on peut donc le comprendre à la lumière de la description de ce mode de réalisation de poutre préfabriquée d'étage, on obtient là encore un moyen extrêmement rapide et efficace pour réaliser la rupture de ponts thermiques entre cette poutre d'étage et les poutrelles 39 (ainsi qu'avec le plancher associé qui sera par la suite coulé sur ces poutrelles).As can therefore be understood in the light of the description of this embodiment of prefabricated floor beam, we obtain here again an extremely fast and effective way to achieve the breaking of thermal bridges between this floor beam and the beams. 39 (as well as with the associated floor which will subsequently be poured on these beams).

Bien entendu, il faut comprendre que la mise en place des équerres est avantageusement réalisée en usine, de manière que la poutre d'étage préfabriquée 1 arrive entièrement prête, avec sa partie structurelle 25, sa partie isolante incorporée 27, 33, et les équerres associées 29.Of course, it should be understood that the positioning of the brackets is advantageously carried out in the factory, so that the prefabricated floor beam 1 arrives fully ready, with its structural part 25, its incorporated insulating part 27, 33, and the brackets associated 29.

La présente invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisations décrits et représentés. C'est ainsi que cette invention est généralisable à tout type d'élément préfabriqué incorporant une couche d'isolation permettant de rompre les ponts thermiques : de tels éléments préfabriqués peuvent être des éléments horizontaux, verticaux, ou obliques, ainsi que des éléments à bancher (ou " banches "), c'est-à-dire des éléments creux pouvant être remplis par exemple de béton.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown. Thus this invention is generalizable to any type of prefabricated element incorporating an insulation layer for breaking thermal bridges: such elements prefabricated can be horizontal elements, vertical, or oblique, and elements to bancher (or "banches"), that is to say, hollow elements that can be filled for example concrete.

C'est ainsi également que dans certaines applications on peut envisager que ces éléments préfabriqués soient disposés de manière que la couche de matériau isolant incorporée à ces éléments soit disposée non pas verticalement comme cela a été décrit dans les exemples précédents, mais de manière inclinée ou horizontalement : ce serait par exemple le cas si on utilisait de tels éléments préfabriqués entre un plancher de rez-de-chaussée et un terre-plein.It is thus also possible that in certain applications it is possible for these prefabricated elements to be arranged in such a way that the layer of insulating material incorporated in these elements is arranged not vertically as described in the previous examples, but in an inclined or horizontally: this would be the case, for example, if such prefabricated elements were used between a ground floor and a median.

C'est ainsi également que l'on peut envisager d'incorporer à l'élément préfabriqué selon l'invention un placage extérieur, formé par exemple par des briques plates 43, comme cela est visible sur les figures 1 et 2 : un tel placage peut être mis en place au moment du coulage de la partie structurelle 25, dans le moule de fabrication de l'élément préfabriqué.It is thus also possible to incorporate in the prefabricated element according to the invention an external veneer, formed for example by flat bricks 43, as is visible on the figures 1 and 2 such a veneer can be put in place at the time of casting of the structural part 25, in the manufacturing mold of the prefabricated element.

C'est ainsi également que l'on pourrait envisager des éléments préfabriqués conformes à l'invention présentant toute autre forme que la forme rectiligne décrite ci-avant : cette forme pourrait notamment présenter une ou plusieurs courbures, un ou plusieurs décrochements, etc.Thus, it is also possible to envisage prefabricated elements according to the invention having any other shape than the rectilinear form described above: this shape could in particular have one or more curvatures, one or more recesses, etc.

Dans l'hypothèse où l'élément préfabriqué est courbe et utilisé en poutre d'étage, les équerres et platines solidaires des poutrelles de planchers correspondantes présentent bien entendu une courbure apte à épouser celle de l'élément préfabriqué.In the case where the prefabricated element is curved and used as a floor beam, the brackets and plates integral with the corresponding floor beams of course have a curvature adapted to match that of the prefabricated element.

C'est ainsi également que l'on peut envisager de placer un autre pain isolant 45 en sous la plaque P2 de l'équerre 29, comme cela est représenté notamment aux figures 5 et 7 : un tel pain isolant contribue à la rupture du pont thermique.Thus it is also possible to consider placing another insulating bread 45 under the plate P2 of the square 29, as shown in particular in FIGS. figures 5 and 7 : such insulating bread contributes to the rupture of the thermal bridge.

C'est ainsi également que l'on peut souder des fers 47 sur les équerres situées en vis-à-vis, comme cela est visible sur les figures 5 à 7, ces fers s'étendant alors le long des poutrelles 39.It is thus also that one can weld irons 47 on the brackets located vis-a-vis, as is visible on the Figures 5 to 7 these irons then extending along the beams 39.

C'est ainsi également que l'on peut envisager des fers 49 soudés à la plaque P1 de chaque équerre 29, et noyés dans la partie structurelle 25 de l'élément préfabriqué 5, comme cela est visible aux figures 6 et 7.It is thus also possible to envisage irons 49 welded to the plate P1 of each bracket 29 and embedded in the structural part 25 of the prefabricated element 5, as can be seen in FIGS. figures 6 and 7 .

C'est ainsi également que l'on peut envisager des réservations 51 formées dans la partie structurelle 25 de l'élément préfabriqué 5, de manière à permettre le passage de fers de renfort, comme cela est visible notamment sur les figures 5 et 6.It is thus also possible to envisage reservations 51 formed in the structural part 25 of the prefabricated element 5, so as to allow the passage of reinforcing irons, as can be seen in particular on the Figures 5 and 6 .

Les dispositions mentionnées dans les trois paragraphes qui précèdent permettent la réalisation de constructions parasismiques.The provisions mentioned in the three preceding paragraphs allow the realization of earthquake resistant constructions.

C'est ainsi également que l'on peut réaliser un plancher avec une ossature formée par des pré-dalles 53 à la place des poutrelles 39, comme cela est visible sur les figures 8 à 12, qui représentent d'ailleurs également une construction satisfaisant aux normes parasismiques.Thus it is also possible to make a floor with a framework formed by pre-slabs 53 in place of the beams 39, as is visible on the Figures 8 to 12 , which also represent a construction that meets seismic standards.

Les pré-dalles 53, beaucoup plus larges et moins hautes que les poutrelles 39, peuvent dans certains cas être jointives, et permettre ainsi de s'affranchir de la mise en oeuvre de hourdis ou d'entrevous.The pre-slabs 53, much wider and lower than the beams 39, may in some cases be contiguous, and thus to overcome the implementation of slabs or interjoists.

Dans la variante visible aux figures 11 et 12, on peut voir que l'on a disposé des plaques de matériau composite 55 entre les plaques P1 des équerres 29 et la partie structurelle 25 de l'élément préfabriqué : ces plaques, qui peuvent par exemple être scellées sur les plaques P1 des équerres 29, permettent de renforcer l'effet de rupture de pont thermique.In the variant visible to Figures 11 and 12 it can be seen that plates of composite material 55 have been placed between the plates P1 of the brackets 29 and the structural part 25 of the prefabricated element: these plates, which can for example be sealed on the plates P1 of the brackets 29 , allow to strengthen the thermal break effect.

Claims (11)

  1. Prefabricated element (1) for the construction of a building, comprising a structural part (25), the said structural part comprising a first face intended to be placed on an outer side of the said building and comprising a second face intended to be placed on an inner side of the said building, the said prefabricated element (1) incorporating on at least part of its second face at least one layer of at least one insulating material (27) for eliminating thermal bridges, the said prefabricated element (1) being characterized in that it comprises a plurality of brackets (29) fixed to the structural part (25) of the prefabricated element (1), the said brackets (29) each comprising a plate (P1) fixed or embedded in a concrete forming the structural part (25) of the prefabricated element (1) and a plate (P2) of which a part projects beyond the insulating material on the second face of the prefabricated element and which is configured to serve as a support for elements (39, 53) forming a floor framework.
  2. Prefabricated element (1) according to Claim 1, in which each bracket (29) is reinforced by a ribbing (31) such that a space delimited by the ribbing (31) contains a block (33) of an insulating material.
  3. Prefabricated element (1) according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, in which each bracket (29) is metallic.
  4. Prefabricated element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which each bracket (29) comprises a fixing system configured to cooperate with a mounting plate (37) secured to an element (39, 53) forming the floor framework.
  5. Prefabricated element (1) according to Claim 4, in which the fixing system is a threaded rod (35) welded to the bracket in order to cooperate with the mounting plate (37) secured to an element (39, 53) forming the floor framework.
  6. Prefabricated element (1) according to one and any of the preceding claims, in which a sheet (55) of a thermal bridge break composite material is interposed between the plate (P1) of each bracket (29) and the structural part (25) of the prefabricated element (1).
  7. Prefabricated element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a block (45) of insulating material below the plate (P2) of each bracket (29).
  8. Prefabricated element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which each bracket (29) comprises bars (49) welded to the said bracket and embedded in the structural part (25) of the prefabricated element (1).
  9. Prefabricated element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the prefabricated element (1) forms a beam or a column.
  10. Building comprising a floor with a thermal bridge break, characterized in that the said building comprises at least one prefabricated element (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 9 and in which at least one element forming a floor framework, namely joists (39) or slabs (53), is supported by brackets (29) of the prefabricated element (1).
  11. Building according to Claim 10, in which at least one element (39, 53) forming the floor framework cooperates with the brackets (29) by means of at least one mounting plate (37) of the said element forming the floor framework, for example fixed to threaded rods (35) of the said brackets.
EP10761053.7A 2009-08-14 2010-08-12 Prefabricated construction element for preventing cold bridging Not-in-force EP2464798B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0903974A FR2949129B1 (en) 2009-08-14 2009-08-14 PREFABRICATED ELEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS, ALLOWING THE REMOVAL OF THERMAL BRIDGES
PCT/FR2010/051707 WO2011018591A2 (en) 2009-08-14 2010-08-12 Pre-manufactured building construction element enabling thermal bridge removal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2464798A2 EP2464798A2 (en) 2012-06-20
EP2464798B1 true EP2464798B1 (en) 2015-07-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10761053.7A Not-in-force EP2464798B1 (en) 2009-08-14 2010-08-12 Prefabricated construction element for preventing cold bridging

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EP (1) EP2464798B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2949129B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011018591A2 (en)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1000496A (en) 1946-02-14 1952-02-12 Cie Generale De Moteurs Advanced bearing and its applications, in particular to engines
DE2714578A1 (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-10-05 Siegfried Gebhart Cover for concrete floor casing - has thick concrete prefabricated plates coupled to stone slabs by angle iron
FR2539165B1 (en) * 1983-01-10 1985-10-11 Phenix Maisons PREFABRICATED SUPPORT PART FOR INDUSTRIALIZED FLOORS AND SIDING
SE442654B (en) * 1984-06-06 1986-01-20 Johnny Johansson Prefabricated foundation beam
CH670853A5 (en) * 1985-10-17 1989-07-14 Reto Martinelli
US5720571A (en) * 1994-12-22 1998-02-24 Super Stud Building Products, Inc. Deflection slide clip
DE202006008435U1 (en) * 2006-04-11 2006-08-03 Gebr. Allendörfer Betonwerk GmbH Formwork construction unit for forming cover edge formwork has external facing and internal isolation component comprised of materials that are adapted for brickwork
GB2441533A (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-12 Ibstock Brick Ltd Joist hanger system
CA2592820A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-28 Wilfred W. Siu Composite floor and composite steel stud wall construction systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2464798A2 (en) 2012-06-20
FR2949129A1 (en) 2011-02-18
WO2011018591A3 (en) 2011-04-28
WO2011018591A2 (en) 2011-02-17
FR2949129B1 (en) 2014-05-09

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