EP2459312A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor durch gasphasenoxidation an nanostrukturierten rutheniumträgerkatalysatoren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor durch gasphasenoxidation an nanostrukturierten rutheniumträgerkatalysatorenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2459312A2 EP2459312A2 EP10732315A EP10732315A EP2459312A2 EP 2459312 A2 EP2459312 A2 EP 2459312A2 EP 10732315 A EP10732315 A EP 10732315A EP 10732315 A EP10732315 A EP 10732315A EP 2459312 A2 EP2459312 A2 EP 2459312A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ruthenium
- catalyst
- compounds
- catalyst material
- material according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 ruthenium halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- ROZSPJBPUVWBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru]=O Chemical class [Ru]=O ROZSPJBPUVWBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCBMYXLJUKBODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru].ClOCl Chemical compound [Ru].ClOCl PCBMYXLJUKBODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical group O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007138 Deacon process reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYWJIYWFPADQAN-LNTINUHCSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;ruthenium Chemical class [Ru].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O IYWJIYWFPADQAN-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical class [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020169 SiOa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NQZFAUXPNWSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;ruthenium Chemical group [Ru].[Ru].[Ru].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] NQZFAUXPNWSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);trichloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/03—Preparation from chlorides
- C01B7/04—Preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/462—Ruthenium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/62—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/62—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/622—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/626—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead with tin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/644—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
- B01J23/6445—Antimony
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/644—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
- B01J23/6447—Bismuth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/892—Nickel and noble metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of chlorine by gas phase oxidation with a supported catalyst based on ruthenium, characterized in that the catalyst support has a plurality of pores, with a pore diameter> 50 nm and ruthenium and / or ruthenium compounds containing nanoparticles as catalytically active Components carries.
- the oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine is an equilibrium reaction.
- the position of the equilibrium shifts with increasing temperature to the detriment of the desired end product. It is therefore advantageous to use catalysts with the highest possible activity, which allow the reaction to proceed at low temperature.
- the first catalysts for the hydrogen chloride oxidation contained as active component copper chloride or oxide and were already described in 1868 by Deacon. However, these showed low activity at low temperature ( ⁇ 400 0 C). Although the activity could be increased by increasing the reaction temperature, it was disadvantageous that the volatility of the active components at high temperatures led to a rapid decrease in the catalyst activity and to the discharge of the active component from the reactor.
- EP 0184413 describes the oxidation of hydrogen chloride with catalysts based on chromium oxides.
- the process realized thereby requires high catalyst loadings due to insufficient catalyst activity and high reaction temperatures.
- the first catalysts for the hydrogen chloride oxidation with the catalytically active component ruthenium were already described in 1965 in DE 1567788; in this case starting from RuCb, for example supported on silica or alumina.
- RuCb / SiOa catalysts was very low.
- Ru-based catalysts with the active component ruthenium oxide or ruthenium mixed oxide and as carrier material various oxides, such as, for example, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, etc., have been claimed in DE-A 19748299.
- the content of ruthenium oxide is 0.1% by mass to 20% by mass and the average particle diameter of ruthenium oxide is 1.0 nm to 10.0 nm.
- Further Ru catalysts supported on titanium dioxide or zirconium dioxide are known from DE-A 19734412.
- ruthenium-carbonyl complexes ruthenium salts of inorganic acids
- ruthenium-nitrosyl complexes ruthenium Amine complexes
- ruthenium complexes of organic amines or ruthenium-acetylacetonate complexes In a preferred embodiment, TiC> 2 was used as a carrier in the form of rutile.
- DE 102007020154Al and DE 102006024543 A1 describe a process for catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation, in which the catalyst is tin dioxide (as carrier), preferably tin dioxide in the cassiterite structure and at least one halogen-containing ruthenium compound (DE 102007020154Al) or at least one oxygen-containing ruthenium compound (DE102006024543A1). contains.
- the ruthenium-free catalysts previously developed for the Deacon process are either too inactive or too unstable.
- the ruthenium-supported catalysts described hitherto are suitable in principle for use in the Deacon process, the preferred supports rutile titanium dioxide and cassiterite tin dioxide have only small surfaces due to their crystalline structure, which is disadvantageous for their use as carriers in the HCl oxidation ,
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a catalytic system for the oxidation of hydrogen chloride, which offers a higher specific (on the ruthenium content) related activity than the catalysts known from the prior art.
- the present invention relates to a catalyst material for the thermocatalytic production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride and oxygen-containing gas, based on a ruthenium-based carrying supported catalyst, characterized in that the catalyst support has a plurality of pores, with a pore diameter> 50 nm and ruthenium and / or ruthenium compounds containing nanoparticles as catalytically active components.
- the thermocatalytic production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride and oxygen-containing gas is also generally referred to hereinafter as the Deacon process.
- At least 50%, more preferably at least 80%, of the pore volume of the catalyst material of the present invention is present in pores whose diameter is within the macroporous range, i. > 50 nm.
- This macroporosity allows a uniform loading of the catalyst support with nanoparticles, prevents the blocking of pores by agglomeration of nanoparticles and leads to reduced pore diffusion limitation during the Deacon reaction.
- mercury porosimetry is used to determine the pore volume and the pore diameter.
- the measurement is based on a mercury contact angle of 130 ° and a surface tension of 480 dyn / cm 2 .
- the catalyst material preferably comprises one or more compounds of the series: aluminum compounds, silicon compounds, titanium compounds, zirconium compounds or tin compounds as support material, particularly preferably aluminum compounds and / or silicon compounds and very particularly preferably oxides, mixed oxides or mixed oxides of one or more of the metals of the series: aluminum, Silicon, titanium, zirconium or tin. Particularly preferred are mixed oxides of aluminum and silicon.
- binders are added, such as. B. ⁇ -Al 2 ⁇ 3 , whose primary function is not that of a carrier of the active component.
- the ruthenium-containing nanoparticles present on the catalyst material as catalytically active component preferably comprise one or more compounds from the series: ruthenium oxides, ruthenium mixed oxides, mixed ruthenium oxides, ruthenium oxyhalides, ruthenium halides or metallic ruthenium. Particular preference is given to ruthenium chloride, ruthenium oxychloride or mixtures of ruthenium oxide and ruthenium chloride.
- the ruthenium-containing nanoparticles present on the catalyst preferably have at least 50% of a maximum diameter of 50 nm, more preferably at least 50% have a diameter of 5 nm to 50 nm, very preferably at least 80% have a diameter of 5 nm 50 nm. Most preferably, the average diameter of the present on the catalyst, ruthenium-containing nanoparticles, 10 to 30 nm.
- the ruthenium content of the catalysts is preferably set at up to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the total mass of the catalyst. Excessive loading may result in adverse agglomeration of nanoparticles.
- Additional nanoparticles with the function of a further active component or as promoters are preferably present on the catalyst material, particularly preferably one or more further metals, metal compounds and mixed compounds of the elements Ag, Au, Bi, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Sb, Sn , Ti, W, Y, Zn, Zr and the platinum metals, most preferably the elements Bi, Sb, Sn and Ti.
- a mass fraction of the present on the catalyst material additional nanoparticles of up to 20% by mass, more preferably up to 10% by mass, based on the total mass of the catalyst. Excessive loading may result in adverse agglomeration of nanoparticles.
- the additional nanoparticles present on the catalyst have at least 50% of a maximum diameter of 50 nm, more preferably at least 50% have a diameter of 3 nm to 50 nm, most preferably at least 80% have a diameter of 3 nm to 50 nm. Most preferably, the average diameter, the existing on the catalyst, additional nanoparticles, between 5 and 30 nm.
- nanoparticles which contain at least ruthenium and at least one further metal, preferably Ag, Au, Bi, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Sb, Sn, Ti, W, Y, Zn, are present on the catalyst.
- Zr and platinum metals as a promoter most preferably Bi, Sb, Sn and Ti, ie can be referred to as bimetallic or multimetallic.
- the nanoparticles characterized in this way contain oxides, mixed oxides, mixed oxides, oxyhalides, halides, metals and alloys.
- the bimetallic or multimetal nanoparticles present on the catalyst have at least 50% of a maximum diameter of 50 nm, more preferably at least 50% have a diameter of 5 nm to 50 nm, most preferably at least 80% have a diameter of 5 nm up to 50 nm. Most preferably, the average diameter of the present on the catalyst, bimetallic or multimetal nanoparticles 10 to 30 nm.
- a mass fraction of the bimetallic or multimetal nanoparticles present on the catalyst of up to 30 wt .-% is set, particularly preferably up to 20 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the catalyst. Excessive loading leads to disadvantageous agglomerations of nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles are preferably prepared by flame pyrolysis.
- a preferred method of preparation is as follows:
- At least one precursor is presented in powder form. If bimetallic or multimetal nanoparticles are to be prepared, various pulverulent precursors are preferably poured together and mixed. These powders are fed to a plasma chamber or free flame and vaporized abruptly therein. The generated gaseous metal compounds are discharged from the plasma and condense in a cooler area, whereby nanoparticles are formed with a defined size distribution. These nanoparticles are stabilized in an emulsion by the addition of surfactants and detergents. Preferably, water or an organic solvent is used for the preparation of the emulsion.
- This emulsion, or a mixture of two or more emulsions containing the active component, further active components and / or promoters, is then used to impregnate a catalyst support, preferably by a method commonly referred to in the specialist literature as "incipient wetness".
- incipient wetness a method commonly referred to in the specialist literature as "incipient wetness”.
- this method as many of the active components containing impregnation solution is presented as the carrier to be impregnated can just record and thus ensures that the active components are completely absorbed by the carrier.
- Patent application US20080277270-A1 can be found, for example, the patent application US20080277270-A1.
- the catalyst is then calcined at elevated temperatures.
- this calcination is carried out in an atmosphere containing oxygen, more preferably in air or an inert gas-oxygen mixture.
- the temperature is up to 800 0 C, preferably between 250 0 C and 600 0 C.
- the calcination time is appropriately selected preferably between Ih and 50h.
- the catalyst impregnated with the emulsion is preferably dried before calcination, preferably at reduced pressure and expediently between 1 h and 50 h.
- promoters are compounds of basic metals in question (eg, alkali, alkaline earth and rare earth metal salts), preferred are compounds of alkali metals, especially Na and Cs and alkaline earth metals, particularly preferred are compounds of alkaline earth metals, in particular Sr and Ba.
- the basic metals are used as oxides, hydroxides, chlorides, oxychlorides or nitrates.
- these types of promoters are applied to the catalyst by impregnation or CVD methods.
- the carrier used according to the invention is preferably commercially available (for example from Saint Gobain Norpro).
- the catalysts according to the invention for the hydrogen chloride oxidation are characterized by high activity coupled with high stability at high temperatures.
- the catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation may preferably be adiabatic or isothermal or approximately isothermal, batchwise, but preferably continuously or as a fixed bed process, preferably as a fixed bed process, more preferably in tube bundle reactors to heterogeneous catalysts at a reactor temperature of 180 to 500 0 C, preferably 200 to 400 0th C, more preferably 250 to 380 0 C and a pressure of 1 to 25 bar (1000 to 25000 hPa), preferably 1.2 to 20 bar, more preferably 1.5 to 17 bar and in particular 2.0 to 15 bar are performed ,
- Typical reactors in which the catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation is carried out are fixed bed or fluidized bed reactors.
- the catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation can preferably also be carried out in several stages.
- a further preferred embodiment of a device suitable for the method consists in using a structured catalyst bed in which the catalyst activity increases in the flow direction.
- Such structuring of the catalyst bed can be done by different impregnation of the catalyst support with active material or by different dilution of the catalyst with an inert material.
- an inert material for example, rings, cylinders or balls of titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide or mixtures thereof, alumina, steatite, ceramic, glass, graphite or stainless steel can be used.
- the inert material should preferably have similar external dimensions.
- Suitable shaped catalyst bodies are shaped bodies of any shape, with preference being given to tablets, extrudates, rings, cylinders, stars, wagon wheels or spheres, particular preference being given to rings, cylinders or star strands as a mold.
- the dimensions (diameter in the case of spheres) of the shaped bodies are preferably in the range from 0.2 to 10 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 7 mm.
- the support may also be a monolith of support material.
- An alternative preferred embodiment is foams, sponges or the like with three-dimensional connections within the carrier body, as well as monoliths and carrier bodies with cross-flow channels.
- the monolithic carrier may have a honeycomb structure, but also an open or closed cross-channel structure.
- the monolithic carrier has a preferred cell density of 100 to 900 cpsi (cells per square inch), more preferably 200 to 600 cpsi.
- a monolith according to the present invention is e.g. in "Monoliths in multiphase catalytic processes - aspects and prospects" by F. Kapteijn, J.J. Heiszwolf, T.A. Nijhuis and J.A. Moulijn, Cattech 3, 1999, p24.
- the conversion of hydrogen chloride in a single pass is in the range of 15 to 100% and may preferably be limited to 15 to 90%, preferably 40 to 90%, particularly preferably 60 to 90%.
- unreacted hydrogen chloride can be partially or completely recycled to the catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation.
- the volume ratio of hydrogen chloride to oxygen at the reactor inlet is preferably 1: 1 to 20: 1, particularly preferably 2: 1 to 8: 1, very particularly preferably 2: 1 to 6: 1.
- the heat of reaction of the catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation can be used advantageously for the production of high-pressure steam.
- This can be used to operate a phosgenation reactor and / or distillation columns, in particular isocyanate distillation columns.
- the chlorine formed is separated off.
- the separation step usually comprises several stages, namely the separation and optionally recycling of unreacted hydrogen chloride from the product gas stream of the catalytic hydrogen chloride oxidation, the drying of the obtained, substantially chlorine and oxygen-containing stream and the separation of chlorine from the dried stream.
- the separation of unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor formed can be carried out by condensation of aqueous hydrochloric acid from the product gas stream of hydrogen chloride oxidation by cooling. Hydrogen chloride can also be absorbed in dilute hydrochloric acid or water.
- Example 1 (comparative example: Preparation of a catalyst not according to the invention)
- Stable oxides of Ru (RuO 2 ), Sn (SnO 2 ), Ni (NiO), Sb (Sb 2 O 5 ), Zr-Y (90 mass% ZrO 2 , 10 mass% Y 2 Os), Ti (TiO 2 ), Bi (Bi 2 O 5 ) were presented as ⁇ m-scale powder. These powders were individually (samples with the names 2a-b, 2e-i -> monometallic nanoparticles) or premixed (samples with the names 2c-d - ⁇ bimetallic nanoparticles) supplied to a plasma chamber and therein (at a temperature above 20,000 K) evaporates abruptly.
- the resulting gaseous metal compounds were discharged from the plasma and condensed in a cooler range (temperature less than 500 0 C), whereby nanoparticles were formed with a defined size distribution. These nanoparticles were stabilized in an aqueous emulsion by adding an amine-based non-ionic comb polymer (manufacturer: SDC material) with the content of nanoparticles adjusted to 7.5% by weight.
- SDC material an amine-based non-ionic comb polymer
- the wet catalyst samples were dried between the impregnation steps and finally at 110 0 C for 2-5 h and calcined at 550 0 C for 2 h in air.
- the mass fraction of the metallic content of the nanoparticles in the total mass of the catalysts can be taken from Table 1 (determined by means of XRF).
- Example 3 (Comparative Example): Test of a catalyst not according to the invention (from Example 1)
- Example 4 Test of Inventive Catalysts (from Example 2)
- each Ig of the shaped catalyst body with the name 2a-i were diluted with inert Spheriglaskugeln in a quartz reaction tube (inner diameter 10 mm) presented.
- the mixtures each with a gas mixture (10 L / h), composed of 1 L / h of hydrogen chloride, 4 L / h of oxygen, 5 L / h of nitrogen at 380 0 C for about 16h.
- the temperature was lowered to 330 0 C and determines the space-time yield (starting-RZA).
- starting-RZA space-time yield
- the temperature was raised to 430 0 C.
- the temperature was lowered in intervals to 330 0 C (RZA after xh).
- the space-time yield was determined in which the product gas stream of the respective reactors for about 15 min. was passed through a 20% potassium iodide solution and the resulting iodine was then titrated with 0.1 N thiosulfate standard solution (duplicate determination). From the so determined amount of chlorine specific (on the ruthenium content) space-time yield (RZA) was determined according to the following formula (Tab. 3a / b):
- RZA Ru g (Chloro) * g "1 (ruthenium mass on the catalyst used) * h " 1 (time)
- the RZA Ru evolution was modeled with a power approach:
- the stability (modeled deactivation parameter -b) of some exemplified, inventive catalysts (2a, 2b, 2g, 2h, 2i) is obviously in some cases significantly higher than that of the prior art catalyst not according to the invention.
- the specific initial activity of some exemplified, erf ⁇ ndungswasher catalysts (2b, 2f, 2i) is obviously partially significantly higher than that of the non-inventive catalyst according to the prior art.
- the catalyst samples 2a and 2c even have significantly higher (high temperature) stability and significantly higher initial activity than the prior art catalyst.
- Example 5 Size distribution of the nanoparticles on the catalyst
- Fig. 1 (Cat. 2a): 34 primary particles with a diameter between 5 and 34 nm (mean value of 16 nm) were counted.
- Fig. 2 (Cat 2b): The primary particle distribution (ruthenium dioxide and tin dioxide) is similar to that of 2a.
- Fig. 3 (Cat. 2c): The primary particle distribution (ruthenium dioxide and tin dioxide) is similar to that of
- Fig. 4 (Cat. 2d): The primary particle distribution (ruthenium dioxide and tin dioxide) is similar to that of 2a.
- ruthenium dioxide on rutile TiC> 2 (see Example 1) evidently exists as a carrier-coating layer owing to the comparable lattice spacing of the two rutile structures ("Development of an improved HCl oxidation process: structure of the RuCVrutile Ti ⁇ 2 catalyst "by Seki, Kohei, Iwanaga, Kiyoshi, Hibi, Takuo, Issoh, Koharto, Mori, Yasuhiko, Abe, Tadashi in Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis (2007), 172 (Science and Technology in Catalysis 2006), 55-60).
- this catalyst are compared with ruthenium catalysts on the basis of Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2, which have a significantly lower activity despite assumable high dispersion.
- the high dispersion is on these carriers in comparison with the planar Application to rutile TiO 2 detrimental to the catalytic properties.
- nano-structured supported ruthenium catalysts according to the invention with defined ruthenium primary particle sizes are obviously even superior to ruthenium-supported catalysts based on RuUl-TiO 2 .
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Abstract
Description
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DE102009034773A DE102009034773A1 (de) | 2009-07-25 | 2009-07-25 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Chlor durch Gasphasenoxidation an nanostrukturierten Rutheniumträgerkatalysatoren |
PCT/EP2010/004287 WO2011012226A2 (de) | 2009-07-25 | 2010-07-14 | Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor durch gasphasenoxidation an nanostrukturierten rutheniumträgerkatalysatoren |
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US (1) | US20120148478A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2459312A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2013500145A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20120040701A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102711986A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102009034773A1 (de) |
IN (1) | IN2012DN00739A (de) |
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EP2729407A1 (de) * | 2011-07-05 | 2014-05-14 | Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor unter verwendung eines ceroxidkatalysators in einer adiabatischen reaktionskaskade |
IN2014CN02995A (de) * | 2011-10-24 | 2015-07-03 | Bayer Ip Gmbh | |
RU2485046C1 (ru) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-06-20 | Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт химии и химической технологии Сибирского отделения РАН (ИХХТ СО РАН) | Способ получения хлора из хлороводорода с помощью вольфрамсодержащих соединений |
US9382177B2 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2016-07-05 | Celanese International Corporation | Hydrogenation catalysts comprising a mixed oxide comprising a promoter metal |
EP3411146A1 (de) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-12-12 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Katalysator und verfahren zur herstellung von chlor durch gasphasenoxidation |
CN106902848B (zh) * | 2017-02-09 | 2019-06-28 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 一种氯化氢转化催化剂 |
CN111032214B (zh) * | 2017-09-01 | 2024-02-06 | 恩亿凯嘉股份有限公司 | 核氢化反应用催化剂 |
US20210008528A1 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-01-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Catalyst comprising pt, ni, and ru |
KR102262496B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-06-07 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | 염소 제조용 산화루테늄 담지 촉매의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 촉매 |
KR102287846B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-08-06 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | 염소 제조를 위한 염화수소 산화반응용 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN109806864B (zh) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 一种氯化氢氧化制氯气的高稳定性催化剂 |
KR102709294B1 (ko) | 2019-12-31 | 2024-09-23 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | 염화수소 산화반응 공정용 성형촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN112547059B (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2024-01-26 | 北京工业大学 | 一种具有良好稳定性的Ru/3DOM SnO2催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
KR20220105387A (ko) | 2021-01-20 | 2022-07-27 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | 염화수소 산화반응을 통한 염소의 고수율 제조방법 |
WO2023174923A1 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | Basf Se | Continuous process for preparing chlorine and a catalyst for preparing chlorine |
CN116550321A (zh) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-08 | 康纳新型材料(杭州)有限公司 | 一种用于氯化氢氧化制氯气的高分散度钌催化剂及其制备方法 |
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DE102005030728A1 (de) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Ruthenium-katalysierten Oxidation von Alkoholen mit Hypochlorit |
US20070167323A1 (en) * | 2006-01-16 | 2007-07-19 | Toda Kogya Corporation | Porous carrier for steam-reforming catalysts, steam-reforming catalyst and process for producing reactive mixed gas |
DE102006024543A1 (de) | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Chlor durch Gasphasenoxidation |
DE102007020154A1 (de) | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Chlor durch Gasphasenoxidation |
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- 2009-07-25 DE DE102009034773A patent/DE102009034773A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-07-14 KR KR1020127001664A patent/KR20120040701A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-07-14 US US13/384,792 patent/US20120148478A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-07-14 WO PCT/EP2010/004287 patent/WO2011012226A2/de active Application Filing
- 2010-07-14 IN IN739DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN00739A/en unknown
- 2010-07-14 EP EP10732315A patent/EP2459312A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-07-14 CN CN2010800325889A patent/CN102711986A/zh active Pending
- 2010-07-14 JP JP2012520932A patent/JP2013500145A/ja active Pending
- 2010-07-23 TW TW099124240A patent/TW201117880A/zh unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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See references of WO2011012226A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20120040701A (ko) | 2012-04-27 |
WO2011012226A3 (de) | 2012-03-01 |
IN2012DN00739A (de) | 2015-06-19 |
WO2011012226A2 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
DE102009034773A1 (de) | 2011-01-27 |
TW201117880A (en) | 2011-06-01 |
CN102711986A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
JP2013500145A (ja) | 2013-01-07 |
US20120148478A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
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