EP2459174A2 - Copräzipitate umfassend einen phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor (pde-5-inhibitor) und einen pharmazeutisch verträglichen trägerstoff, ihre herstellung und verwendung - Google Patents
Copräzipitate umfassend einen phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor (pde-5-inhibitor) und einen pharmazeutisch verträglichen trägerstoff, ihre herstellung und verwendungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2459174A2 EP2459174A2 EP10730104A EP10730104A EP2459174A2 EP 2459174 A2 EP2459174 A2 EP 2459174A2 EP 10730104 A EP10730104 A EP 10730104A EP 10730104 A EP10730104 A EP 10730104A EP 2459174 A2 EP2459174 A2 EP 2459174A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inhibitor
- pde
- coprecipitate
- phosphodiesterase
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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Classifications
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- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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Definitions
- a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, their preparation and use
- the present invention relates to a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and a pharmaceutically acceptable copolymer carrier consisting of 2 or more different acrylic acid derivatives, a process for the preparation thereof and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the coprecipitate according to the invention, process for the manufacture of this medicament and the use of this medicament for the treatment of a disease in which the inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 is of therapeutic benefit.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
- a pharmaceutically acceptable copolymer carrier consisting of 2 or more different acrylic acid derivatives
- PDE-5 inhibitors such as sildenafil, vardenafil or tadalafil, disadvantageously characterized by poor solubility in aqueous solutions or in water. This affects both their processing and their bioavailability.
- WO 01/08688 One possibility for improving the solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients is based on the surface enlargement of the active ingredient particles by grinding or micronization, as disclosed in WO 01/08688. From WO 01/08688 oral formulations with rapid release are known. The desired solubility or release could be achieved by reducing the Tadalafil particle size to less than 40 microns.
- grinding or micronizing active ingredients can be disadvantageous, such as the formation of agglomerates. This results in difficult to define particle sizes with again difficult to define solubility.
- a possible static charge of the active ingredient has a negative effect on the processability.
- Another possible disadvantage is the poor flowability of the milled active ingredient. In particular for pressing into tablets or filling Capsules require further processing steps, such as granulation. Often, despite small particles, much surfactant must be added to achieve sufficient solubility. Finally, their manufacture is complicated and expensive.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide coprecipitates with a sparingly soluble in aqueous solution phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor), which release the drug faster than the known from the prior art coprecipitates and thus rapid bioavailability of phosphodiesterase Ensuring -5 inhibitors (PDE-5 inhibitors) in the body.
- PDE-5 inhibitor a sparingly soluble in aqueous solution phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
- a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) sparingly soluble in aqueous solution or in water and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a copolymer consisting of 2 or more various acrylic acid derivatives, and / or the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a cellulose acetate, a starch derivative or an oligosaccharide, ensures rapid release and bioavailability of the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor).
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- bioavailability is hereby used as known to the person skilled in the art and denotes a pharmaceutical parameter for the proportion of a substance that is available unchanged in the systemic circulation. Bioavailability indicates how quickly and to what extent the substance is absorbed and available at the site of action.
- Precipitation also called precipitation or precipitation
- a solute by addition of suitable substances wholly or partly as an insoluble precipitate in the form of, for example, crystals, flakes or droplets.
- the so-called coprecipitation also called Mit ton
- Mit is The precipitate of a substance is mixed with a substance that is contained in the solvent and is incorporated into the precipitate upon precipitation.
- a “precipitate” or “precipitate” is meant in the general sense a precipitation of a chemical compound in the presence of substances which are soluble. A coprecipitate is therefore a precipitate of a chemical compound mixed with another substance.
- the present invention therefore provides a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a copolymer consisting of 2 or more different acrylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) is wherein in each of the two or more different acrylic acid derivatives, independently of one another, R 1 is H or a straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical, n is 0 or 1,
- ALK is a straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical
- Q is H or -OR 2, -NR 2 R 3 or -N + R 2 R 3 R 4, where R 2, R 3 and R 4 are each independently of one another a straight-chain or branched C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical, and / or the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a cellulose acetate, a starch derivative or an oligosaccharide.
- Phosphodiesterases specifically 3 ', 5' cyclonucleotide phosphodiesterases, are a group of enzymes that degrade second messengers, such as cAMP and cGMP, to AMP and GMP. Because of their involvement in the signal transduction of cells, they represent an interesting pharmacological target. There are seven subtypes, which are located in the human organism differently in the tissues. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) is the name for one of the enzymes that cleave the phosphoric acid ester linkage in cGMP to give 5'-GMP.
- phosphodiesterase-5 occurs in the smooth muscle of the penile erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum penis) and the pulmonary artery. Blocking of cGMP degradation by inhibition of PDE-5 (for example with sildenafil) leads to increased signals of the relaxation signal pathways and especially to increased blood supply in the penile cavernosum and to a decrease in the pressure in the blood vessels of the lung.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- inhibitor therefore generally refers to compounds which inhibit PDE-5 by specific interaction, eg not by denaturation, etc. This will increase the cGMP concentration, which For example, relaxation of the musculature and thus an erection in the penis or a fall in blood pressure in the lungs PDE-5 inhibitors are used, inter alia, for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension be understood when the respective PDE-5 inhibitor, the PDE-5 with an IC 50 value of less than 100 nM, in particular of less than 10 nM, inhibited.
- IC 50 is a measure of the effectiveness of a compound to inhibit a particular phosphodiesterase enzyme (PDE enzyme), in this case PDE-5.
- PDE enzyme phosphodiesterase enzyme
- the IC 50 represents the concentration of a compound, the strength in a 50% inhibition of the enzyme leads -Experimentes in a "single dose reponse".
- the determination of the IC 50 value for a compound may, for example durhceine known in vitro methodology , as generally described in Y. Cheng et al., Biochem Pharmacol., 22, pp.
- Preferred PDE-5 inhibitors are selective for inhibiting PDE-5, ie inhibit the PDE-5 preferentially over other phosphodiesterases Further, such PDE-5 inhibitors are characterized by the following characteristics: (1) a ICs 0 -wide for the inhibition of PDE-5 that is at least a hundred times lower than the IC 50 - Value for the inhibition of PDE-6;
- Preferred PDE-5 inhibitors selectively inhibit PDE-5 as compared to PDE-6 and PDE-Ic. This selectivity is reflected by the differences in IC 50 . This difference is expressed as the PDE-6 / PDE-5 ratio of IC 50 -weten, ie, the ratio of the IC 50 -wite for the inhibition of PDE-6 to the IC 50 -value for the inhibition of PDE-5 ( PDE-6 / PDE-5) is greater than 100, preferably greater than 300, and more preferably greater than 500. Equally, the ratio of the IC 50 value for the inhibition of PDE-Ic to the IC 50 value for the inhibition of PDE -5 (PDE-lc / PDE-5) greater than 1,000.
- preferred inhibitors show more than 3,000 fold difference between the inhibition of PDE-5 over PDE-Ic, preferably more than 5,000 fold difference between the IC 50 values for inhibition of PDE-5 and PDE-Ic.
- the efficacy of the inhibitor, as reflected by the IC 50 for the inhibition of PDE-5 is less than 10 nM, preferably less than 5 nM, more preferably less than 2 nM, and most preferably less than 1 nM.
- PDE-5 inhibitors examples include the following: zaprinast, MY5445, dipyridamole, vardenafil, sildenafil, and tadalafil. More PDE-5
- Inhibitors are e.g. in US 6,548,490; U.S. 2003/0139384, WO 94/28902 and WO
- coprecipitates according to the invention have an advantageous effect, in particular in the case of poorly soluble PDE-5 inhibitors, so that coprecipitates which comprise poorly soluble PDE-5 inhibitors, in particular sparingly soluble in water or aqueous solutions, are particularly preferred.
- a “carrier” is generally understood to mean a substance to which other substances are attached, and in which substances can also be stored according to the present situation. Thus, such a substance may “carry” another substance.
- the term “carrier” includes one or more solid or liquid carriers compatible with each other and with the active pharmaceutical ingredient Preferably, the carriers are solid in the present invention.
- pharmaceutically acceptable refers to a substance which does not generally cause significant irritation, complications of any kind or even toxicity to the subject being treated and does not diminish, even abrogate or interact with the biological activity and properties of the active ingredient ( en) occurs.
- polymer refers to a chemical compound consisting of chain or branched molecules (macromolecules) composed of the same or similar units, the so-called monomers
- copolymers thus refers to polymers which are composed of two or more different monomer units.
- acrylic acid is used in the context of the present invention as known to those skilled in the art and relates to propenoic acid, also known as 2-propenoic acid, ethylene carboxylic acid or vinyl carboxylic acid.
- acrylic acid derivative used in connection with the term copolymer refers to acrylic acid and its derivatives, both the esters of acrylic acid and the derivatives of methacrylic acid, such as, for example, butyl methacrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate or methyl methacrylate, Copolymers can be prepared from these acrylic acid derivatives which are suitable as carriers.
- Suitable copolymers which are suitable as carriers are inter alia the acrylic polymers of the so-called Eudragit brands (Evonik Röhm GmbH, Darmstadt).
- Eudragit E which is a cationic-type copolymer based on dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and neutral methacrylic acid esters in a ratio of 1: 2: 1 with an average molecular weight of about 150,000, the chemical name of which is poly (butymethacrylate, (2) dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate].
- Eudragit brands include Eudragit FS 30 D (copolymer of methacrylic acid, methacrylate and methyl methacrylate in the ratio 10:65:25), Eudragit L brands (copolymers based on methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate or ethyl acrylate), Eudragit NE 30 D (copolymer neutral character based on ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate), Eudragit RL grades (copolymers based on acrylic and methacrylic esters with a low content of quaternary ammonium groups), Eudragit RS grades (copolymers based on acrylic and methacrylic esters) and Eudragit S -Marken (copolymers based on methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate).
- the cellulose (molecular formula (C 6 Hi 0 Os) n ) is the main constituent of plant cell walls (mass fraction 50%) and thus the most common organic compound of the earth.
- the cellulose is therefore the most common polysaccharide. It is an unbranched polysaccharide consisting of several hundred to ten thousand / --D-glucose molecules ((l ⁇ 4) / --glycosidic linkage) or cellobiose units. Cellulose is formed in the plasma membrane and cross-linked to fibrillar structures. The spatial arrangement of the cellulose fibrils is controlled by the microtubules. Technically, cellulose is obtained as so-called wood pulp.
- cellulose acetate is used in the context of the present invention as known to those skilled in the art and refers to acetic acid esters of cellulose, which technically by reaction of linters or cellulose with acetic anhydride in acetic acid or methylene chloride as a solvent using strong acids such as sulfuric or perchloric acid Colloquially, the cellulose acetate is also referred to as acetylcellulose, its original trade name being Lonarit.Cellulose acetate is a thermoplastic material with varying degrees of transparency, which is suitable as a tablet binder
- a preferred cellulose acetate in the present invention is cellulose acetate phthalate (also known by the abbreviation CAP), which can be prepared by reaction of a partial acetate ester of cellulose with phthalic anhydride
- the cellulose acetate used in the present invention is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate phthalate.
- Starch is a polysaccharide having the formula (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n , which consists of ⁇ -D-gluose units which are linked together via glycosidic bonds.
- the macromolecule is therefore one of the carbohydrates. Normally it is present in the plant cell in the form of organized grains. These starch grains have, depending on the plant, a different size and shape.
- Strength consists of variable percentages of amylose (about 20-30%), linear chains with helical (screw) structure, which are linked only ⁇ -l, 4-glycosidically, and amylopectin (about 70-80% ) with ⁇ -1,6-glycosidic and ⁇ -l, 4-glycosidic linkages.
- Derivatizations of starch can be carried out in pursuit of different goals, i.a. for lowering their gelatinization temperature, for increasing their solution stability or for influencing other (dissolution) properties by varying the polar character of the polysaccharides. Modifications may be, for example, via a change in the amylose / amylpectin ratio, a pre-gelatinization, a partial hydrolytic degradation or a chemical derivatization of the starches.
- starch derivatives in connection with the coprecipitate according to the invention are starch, starch esters, such as xanthates (O, S-dialkyl esters) and corresponding acetates, phosphates, sulfates and nitrates, as well as crosslinked starches or substituted n-octenyl succinate of the starch.
- starch esters such as xanthates (O, S-dialkyl esters) and corresponding acetates, phosphates, sulfates and nitrates
- oligosaccharides is used herein as known to those skilled in the art and refers to molecules formed by condensation of from 2 to about 10 monosaccharides, which can form linear, branched and cyclic oligosaccharides, in contrast to the polysaccharides Oligosaccharides are found mainly in the plant kingdom in free form and consist predominantly of hexoses, rarely of pentoses or amino sugars Disaccharides, trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides are used.
- oligosaccharides in the context of the present invention are disaccharides.
- the term disaccharides is used as it is known to those skilled in the art and relates to carbohydrates, which are usually the gross formula C 12 H 22 O 11 and composed of two simple, linked by glycosidic bond monosaccharide molecules (D-glucose, D-fructose, etc.) are.
- Disaccharides occur either freely, such as sucrose, as components of oligo- and polysaccharides (cellobiose) or to plant-color-ua-ingredients (to aglycones such as anthocyanididines) glycosidically bound.
- the most important disaccharides are cellobiose, maltose, lactose and sucrose.
- Preferred disaccharides in the context of the coprecipitate according to the invention are maltose, lactose and sucrose.
- the cellulose acetate in the present invention is cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, incomplete hydrolyzate thereof, cellulose acetate phthalate or cellulose acetate butyrate, with cellulose acetate butyrate or cellulose acetate phthalate being particularly preferred.
- Starch derivative a crosslinked starch, an acetylated starch or a substituted n-octenyl succinate of starch.
- the present invention relates to a coprecipitate, wherein the copolymer of 2 or more, especially 2, 3, 4 or 5, especially 3, different acrylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) wherein in each of the 2 or more different acrylic acid derivatives independently of one another R 1 is H or a straight-chain C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, in particular methyl,
- n 0 or 1, in particular 1,
- Alk is a straight-chain C 1 -C 4 -alkylene radical, methylene, ethylen, propylene or butylene, in particular methylene, ethylene or butylene
- Q is H or -NR 2 R 3, where R 2 and R 3 are each independently a straight-chain C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, especially methyl.
- the cellulose acetate is cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, an incomplete hydrolyzate thereof or cellulose acetate butyrate, especially cellulose acetate butyrate or cellulose acetate phthalate, and / or the starch derivative is a crosslinked starch, an acetylated starch or a substituted n-octyl succinate of the starch, and / or is the oligosaccharide a disaccharide such as maltose, lactose or sucrose.
- the copolymer in the coprecipitate of the invention is an E-tag Eudragit whose chemical name is poly [butyl methacrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyhnethacrylate]. Accordingly, in a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a coprecipitate as defined above, wherein the copolymer is poly [butyl methacrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate].
- solution is used here as known to those skilled in the art and refers in the broadest sense to homogeneous mixtures of different substances, even the tiniest partial volumes having a similar composition
- Solutions in the narrower sense are understood as meaning liquid mixtures of at least two components in which the partners molecular-disperse in different proportions Solution, at least one component has the function of a solvent, are therefore also conceivable solutions in which two solvents for the solution of the substance, preferably a solid, are used.
- the particles of solute are surrounded in a solution by a solvate shell of the solvent (s).
- a solution in connection with the coprecipitate according to the invention is also a solution which, in addition to salts, may for example also contain acids or bases, preferably acids.
- a preferred solvent here is water.
- An aqueous solution is accordingly a solution which contains predominantly water as solvent.
- solubility of a substance indicates the extent to which a pure substance can be dissolved in a solvent. It thus describes the property of a substance to mix with the solvent under homogeneous distribution (as atoms, molecules or ions). Usually the solvent is a liquid.
- a possible classification of solubilities is given by the amount of maximum solute. Substances below 0.1 mg / mL are said to be sparingly soluble, moderately soluble between 10 and 33 mg / mL, and readily soluble at solubilities greater than 100 mg / mL.
- a sparingly soluble substance is, for example, tadalafil, which according to WO 01/08687 is only soluble in water at about 2 ⁇ g / ml.
- the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is sparingly soluble in water. Accordingly, the present invention preferably relates to a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor _ _
- PDE-5 inhibitor and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is sparingly soluble in water.
- the classification of a substance can also refer to other pure solvents.
- sparingly in water refers to the above-defined poor solubility of a substance in water as a pure solvent.
- the present invention relates to a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and a pharmaceutically acceptable component, wherein the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) in an aqueous solution, especially sparingly soluble in water and is sildenafil, vardenafil or tadalafil, in particular tadalafil.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- tadalafil has been shown to be a potent PDE-5 inhibitor.
- Tadalafil (IUPAC name: (6R, 12aR) -6- (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl) -5-methyl-1,2,3,6,7,12,15a-octahydropyrazino [2, l: 6, l] pyrido [3,4-b] indole-l, 4-dione) is, for example, in the form of oral
- Formulations for the treatment of erectile dysfunction have been used (see e.g.
- PDE-5 cleaves the phosphoric acid ester linkage in cGMP to give 5'-GMP.
- PDE-5 there are other, exclusively cGMP-splitting
- Phosphodiesterases differ functionally from the PDE-5, e.g. in which they need cofactors or split CAMP. If they are involved in passing on visual signals, they are numbered 6, and, if they use manganese as
- Need cofactor designated by the number 9.
- the PDE-I splits both cAMP and cGMP.
- Preferred PDE-5 inhibitors used in the present invention are sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil.
- Sildenafil is the international generic name for the compound l - ⁇ [3- (1-methyl-7-oxo-3-propyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo [4,3-d] pyrimidin-5-yl) 4-ethoxyphenyl] sulfonyl-4-methylpiperazine, which is better marketed under the trade name Viagra® for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction.
- Sildenafil was the first drug in the PDE-5 inhibitor class of drugs.
- Vardenafil is the generic name of the active ingredient l - ⁇ [3- (5-methyl-4-oxo-7-one Propyl-3, 1 -dihydroimidazo [5, 1-f] [1, 2,4] triazin-2-yl) -4-ethoxyphenyl] sulfonyl ⁇ -4-ethylpiperazine, which under the trade name Levitra ® or Vivanza ® is marketed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
- Tadalafil (IUPAC name (6R, 12aR) -6- (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl) -2-methyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12a-octahydropyrazino- [2 ' , 1 ': 6, 1] pyrido [3,4-b] indole-l, 4-dione) is known under the trade name Cialis ® also to the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
- Tadalafil has a much greater half-life compared to sildenafil and vardenafil. While the effect lasts for 4 to 6 hours for sildenafil and 8 to 12 hours for vardenafil, it can last up to 36 hours for tadalafil. Usually, the effect begins one hour after the administration. Tadalafil is therefore a preferred PDE-5 inhibitor in the context of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a coprecipitate as defined above comprising a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is sildenafil , Vardenafil or Tadalafil, especially Tadalafil.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are present in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, for example in a weight ratio of 1: 2, 1: 1 and 2 : 1, where in principle also weight ratios with odd-numbered components come into consideration.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in a weight ratio of 1: 1 are present.
- the present invention also relates to a coprecipitate comprising a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor PDE-5 inhibitor
- the coprecipitate of the invention includes the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) from the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the term inclusive in the context of the coprecipitate of the invention, denotes a coating of the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) on the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in such a way that the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) of the carrier is largely included.
- the term included in the context of the coprecipitate according to the invention also encompasses such a coprecipitate in which the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is completely enclosed by the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, but is by no means limited to such a case.
- the term included in the context of the present invention also relates to those coprecipitates in which the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is not completely enclosed by the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and accordingly also coprecipitates in which the phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is only partially included in the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor may be reticulated, ribbon-like or spirally entrapped by the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which cases there is little or no overlap of the respective regions of the carrier without formation a complete sheath of the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) comes.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is included within the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such that the envelope containing the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5). Inhibitor) is not complete but has "holes.”
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is completely entrapped by the pharmaceutically acceptable ingredient Coprecipitate, comprising the steps:
- a coprecipitate is produced from the precipitation of at least two substances, one substance in this case enveloping the other substance, preferably completely.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is the substance that is included in the adjuvant.
- dissolving or dissolving is well known to those skilled in the art and, in the context of the present invention, refers to the conversion of at least one solid into the liquid phase in a solvent.
- the solution process can be influenced by parameters such as the choice of the temperature of the mixture of the solvents and the polarity of each individual solvent and by stirring the solution.
- solvent is used here as known to the person skilled in the art and generally refers to substances which can bring other substances to solution by physical means, in the narrower sense inorganic and organic liquids which other gaseous, liquid or solid substances are able to dissolve.
- the prerequisite for suitability as a solvent is that during the dissolving process neither the solvent nor the solute essentially changes chemically, ie the components of the solution can be recovered by physical separation processes such as distillation, crystallization, sublimation, evaporation or absorption in the original form , In this It is known to the person skilled in the art that the process of dissolving solid substances in a solvent can be improved by deprotonation or protonation of the at least one substance to be dissolved by the solvent.
- solvent is often understood as mere dispersion medium, the normal temperature and pressure conditions are liquid and serve to dissolve, emulsify or suspend other substances to allow their processing (eg paint thinner) or even removal (eg stain remover).
- solvent which is also common in common usage, is synonymous with the term solvent used in the context of the present invention.
- the inorganic solvents include, on the one hand, the proton (or hydrogen) -containing solvents, for example H 2 O, liquid NH 3 , H 2 S, hydrogen cyanide and HNO 3 ) and proton-free solvents (liquid SO 2 , N 2 O 4 , NOCl, SeOCl 2 , ICl, BrF 3 , AsCl 3 , HgBr 2 , etc.) and, on the other hand, the aqueous and non-aqueous solvents.
- the proton (or hydrogen) -containing solvents for example H 2 O, liquid NH 3 , H 2 S, hydrogen cyanide and HNO 3
- proton-free solvents liquid SO 2 , N 2 O 4 , NOCl, SeOCl 2 , ICl, BrF 3 , AsCl 3 , HgBr 2 , etc.
- the group of nonaqueous solvents also includes the organic solvents.
- Representatives of the organic solvents are the alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, propanols, butanols, octanols, cyclohenxanol) glycols (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol), ethers and glycol ethers (diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, anisole, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, mono-, di-, tri , Polyethylene glycol ethers), ketones (acetone, butanone, cyclohexanone), esters (acetic acid esters, glycol esters), amides and other nitrogen compounds (dimethylformamide, pyridine, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile), sulfur compounds (carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane), nitro compounds (nitrobenzene ), Halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethane
- protic solvent refers to those solvents which contain or release protons and / or can form hydrogen bonds, for example water, alcohols, amines, etc. The removal of protons from a molecule of a _
- Solvent is also referred to as dissociation.
- the most important protic solvent is water, which (in simplified terms) dissociates into a proton and a hydroxide ion.
- Further protic solvents are, for example, alcohols, in which case the proton is always split off at the hydroxyl group, since the electronegative oxygen can readily absorb the resulting negative charge.
- carboxylic acids can also be protic solvents, unless a (simplified) release of protons from the carboxylic acid causes a chemical change in the substance to be dissolved.
- Another group of protic solvents are the amines, which on the one hand contain protons in their amino group and can each take up one proton through the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of the amino group.
- protic solvents are among others characterized by the fact that they can form hydrogen bonds.
- the term hydrogen bond is used here in a manner known to the person skilled in the art, and denotes a bond which exists between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one atom of an electronegative element (proton donor, X) and the free electron pair of another electronegative atom (US Pat. Proton acceptor, Y).
- such a system is formulated as RX-H "YR", where the dotted bond symbolizes hydrogen bonding, and X is mainly O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), S (sulfur) and halogens, in some cases
- the polarity of the covalent bond of the proton donor causes a positive partial charge of the hydrogen atom, while the proton acceptor carries as atom of an electronegative element a corresponding negative partial charge
- Amines (hydrogen acceptor) can be hydrogen-bonded and it should be noted that certain functional groups can act simultaneously as a hydrogen donor and as a hydrogen acceptor.
- a simple example of this are hydroxyl groups or the hydrogen bonds between water molecules.
- the formation of the hydrogen bonds described above not only affects the solubility of protic solvents, but also their further properties.
- the respective one is Boiling point of protic solvents generally well above those of aprotic solvents.
- aprotic solvent molecules do not have a functional group from which hydrogen atoms can be split off in the form of protons. Consequently, such aprotic solvents do not dissociate.
- Nonpolar substances are composed of nonpolar molecules, which in turn do not exhibit a permanent electric dipole moment.
- An exemplary aprotic-nonpolar solvent is an alkane in which the hydrogen atoms are all equally tightly attached to the carbon atoms. Therefore, it is very difficult for protons to dissociate to form highly reactive carbanions.
- the substances of such pure hydrocarbons are therefore very easily soluble in one another, but are not dissolved by polar substances such as esters and by protic substances such as water. In the liquid, the particles are held together only by van der Waals forces (temporary dipoles due to the fluctuation of the electron density distribution). Therefore, in this group of substances, the boiling temperatures are much lower compared to molecular size and mass than permanent dipoles.
- Aprotic-polar substances are treated after the polar substances.
- polar substances are understood as meaning substances which consist of polar molecules, which in turn are distinguished by a permanent electric dipole moment.
- polarity in chemistry refers to the formation of separate charge centers due to charge shift in atomic groups, which cause an atomic group to no longer be electrically neutral.
- the electric dipole moment therefore also serves as a measure of the polarity of a molecule.
- Polar compounds are on the one hand with an ionic bond (polar or heteropolar bond) and on the other hand, those with an electric dipole moment and - - polarized covalent bond.
- cyclohexanol is referred to as a polar solvent
- cyclohexane is a non-polar solvent.
- the polarity of an entire molecule is caused by a polar atomic bond, or in extreme cases by ionic bonding.
- Polar bonds are characterized by uneven distribution of bonding electrons between the binding partners. If atoms combine with different electronegativity, such a polarization of the bond results. If only polarized atomic bonds are present in a molecule, the individual dipole moments of the bonds add up vectorially to form a total dipole moment. If this Automatdipolmoment the amount zero, the substance is non-polar, for example, CO 2 or carbon tetrachloride. However, if there is a permanent total dipole moment other than zero, the molecule is polar, for example, water. Depending on the size of this Automatdipolmomentes a substance is more or less polar. Therefore, the difference is fluent from extremely polar to completely nonpolar. Based on their polarity, solvents are ordered in an eleutral series.
- the dipole moment of a substance determines its solubility or its ability to act as a solvent itself.
- polar substances dissolve well in polar solvents, but they are poorly soluble in nonpolar solvents.
- nonpolar substances in non-polar solvents such as gasoline or cyclohexane, are readily soluble but poorly soluble in polar solvents.
- the dipole moment also influences the boiling point of polar solvents accordingly.
- Polar solvents in the context of the present invention are those solvents in whose molecules a polar atomic bond is present.
- polar solvents in the present invention are ketones such as acetone, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, esters such as ethyl acetate, and the like.
- the polar solvents do not have an XH bond as defined above, where X is other than C (carbon), the solvents can not dissociate protons.
- Such substances are referred to as so-called aprotic-polar solvents. They have poor miscibility with nonpolar solvents, as well as improved solubility of and in polar species.
- Exemplary aprotic polar solvents in the context of the present invention are ketones, such as acetone, ethers, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, esters, such as ethyl acetate, lactones, such as 4-butyrolactone, nitriles, such as acetonitrile, tertiary carboxylic acid amides, such as N, N-dimethylformamide, Urea derivatives such as tetramethylurea or dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU), sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or sulfones such as sulfolane.
- ketones such as acetone
- ethers such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran
- esters such as ethyl acetate
- lactones such as 4-butyrolactone
- nitriles such as acetonitrile
- mixture is used here as known to the person skilled in the art and relates to the combination of substances or streams, so that the most uniform possible composition (homogeneity) is achieved.
- a mixture contains at least two components that are miscible with each other.
- miscible means the ability of substances to form homogeneous mixtures with each other in any ratio.
- solution as defined above should be clearly distinguished from the term mixture in the context of the present invention.
- the solvents In contrast to the solution, in the mixture, for example, individual molecules of one solvent are not surrounded by a solvate shell of the other solvent. Instead, the solvents have similar polarities and / or comparable dipole moments, so that the solvents are capable of forming homogeneous mixtures.
- the term in connection with the method according to the invention preferably relates to a mixture of at least two solvents of different types.
- the coprecipitate according to the invention can be prepared, for example, as follows: the active pharmaceutical ingredient sparingly soluble in aqueous solution and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are in a mixture of an aprotic polar solvent and a protic solvent in a container, preferably at elevated temperature, for example about 30 ° C, stirred. For co-precipitation, further protic solvent is added with continuous stirring. After co-precipitation, the product is filtered off, preferably using vacuum. Subsequently, the solid coprecipitate is washed several times with the protic solvent.
- the coprecipitate prepared according to the method of the present invention comprises a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and a pharmaceutically acceptable one Carrier, wherein the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is sparingly soluble in an aqueous solution.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
- the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) in the coprecipitate prepared according to the method of the invention is sparingly soluble, especially in water.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- the carrier in the coprecipitate prepared according to the method of the invention is a copolymer consisting of 2 or more different acrylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) according to the above definition of the general formula (I) and / or a cellulose acetate, a starch derivative or an oligosaccharide.
- the copolymer consists of 2 or more, especially 2, 3, 4 or 5, especially 3, various acrylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) according to the definition of this formula mentioned above in this context.
- the cellulose acetate is cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, an incomplete hydrolyzate thereof, cellulose acetate phthalate or cellulose acetate butyrate, especially cellulose acetate butyrate or cellulose acetate phthalate, the starch derivative a cross-linked starch, an acetylated starch or a substituted n-octenyl succinate of the starch, and the oligosaccharide a disaccharide such as maltose, lactose or sucrose.
- the carrier in the coprecipitate prepared by the process according to the invention is poly (butyl methacrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are preferably present in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are present in a 1: 1 weight ratio.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is included in the pharmaceutically acceptable component.
- PDE-5 inhibitor phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
- the terms used are as defined above in connection with the coprecipitate according to the invention.
- the aprotic-polar solvent is preferably an ether, in particular this ether is tetrahydrofuran.
- aprotic-polar solvents and protic solvents used in the process according to the invention are not restricted to pure solvents of their respective category. Both the aprotic-polar solvent used in the process according to the invention and the protic solvent can
- Tetrahydrofuran as the preferred aprotic polar solvent water as a protic solvent the lower concentration limit of the water content, however, does not fall below one ppm and the upper concentration limit of the water content is below 50%.
- the solvents with acids or bases are added, wherein the content of the acid or base should not exceed a concentration of 1 N.
- a solvent contains about 1% HCl.
- the aprotic-polar solvent is an ether, in particular tetrahydrofuran, and / or the protic solvent is an alcohol or water, in particular water.
- dimethyl sulfoxide is also suitable as an aprotic polar solvent in the process according to the invention.
- Preferred in the process according to the invention for the preparation of the precipitate according to the invention are the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) tadalafil and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier poly (butyl methacrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl acrylate).
- tadalafil and poly (butyl methacrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate) are present in the process according to the invention in a weight ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 2, for example in a weight ratio of 2: 1, 1: 1 or 1: 2 , wherein the weight ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 1 is particularly preferred, especially the weight ratio of 2: 1 or 1: 1.
- Coprecipitation of the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be increased by increasing the protic character of the solution.
- step b) of the process according to the invention can be effected in the simplest case by adding acid to the mixture in step b) of the process according to the invention and thus by increasing the number of protons in the mixture. Since water is subjected to the so-called autoprotolysis and itself splits off protons, additional water can be added to the mixture and thus the protic character of the mixture can be increased.
- the present invention also relates to an embodiment of the inventive method for producing the coprecipitate according to the invention, in which the protic character of the mixture is increased by adding additional protic solvent.
- coprecipitate according to the invention can be further processed directly or in another form than a medicament.
- Another object of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-defined coprecipitate.
- drug or also referred to as pharmaceuticals, is hereby used as known to the person skilled in the art and relates to substances and preparations of substances intended for use on or in the human or animal body in order to:
- the term drug also includes, for example, articles containing or having such a drug as defined above and intended to be permanently or temporarily contacted with the human or animal body.
- the coprecipitate of the invention may be used to treat a disease in which inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 is of therapeutic benefit.
- the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE-5 inhibitor) is as defined above.
- the coprecipitate according to the invention is suitable for the treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, sexual dysfunction in women, polycystic ovarian fluid (PCOS), benign prostatic hyperplasia (benign prostate hyperplasia, BPH), control pain (dysmenorrhea), cerebrovascular Disease, stroke, operatic neuropathy, osteoporosis, cachexia, hydropic cardiac decompensation, ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, thrombocythemia, autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, cancer, a disease characterized by disorders of intestinal motility, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, insulin resistance syndrome , glomerular renal insufficiency, nephritis, renal failure, increased intraocular pressure, glaucoma, macular degeneration, respiratory disease, tubular interstitial lung disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary hypertension, urological diseases, overactive bladder, bladder outlet obstruction and
- PDE-5 itself is a key enzyme in the regulation of the cGMP level in erectile corporal tissue smooth muscle.
- the physiological mechanism of erection involves the release of nitric oxide into the erectile tissue during sexual stimulation.
- the released nitric oxide subsequently activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which leads to an increased level of cGMP, which in turn causes the relaxation of smooth muscle in the erectile tissue.
- the relaxation of smooth muscle allows the influx of blood into the erectile tissue and thus leads to an erection.
- the inhibition of PDE-5 inhibits the degradation of cGMP.
- Vasculogenic impotence is caused by changes in blood flow to and from the penis.
- PDE-5 inhibitors have proven to be extremely effective.
- sildenafil and vardenafil especially tadalafil has emerged as a particularly suitable PDE-5 inhibitor.
- the above-defined coprecipitate comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is suitable wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient is sparingly soluble in an aqueous solution, preferably for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
- Pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension are understood to mean diseases characterized by an increasing increase in vascular resistance and an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation, which symptomatology is often associated with subsequent right-heart failure. Often the patients suffer from greatly reduced performance, circulatory disorders and fatigue.
- Pulmonary hypertension often occurs as a result of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but also secondary to pulmonary hypertension as a result of other disorders such as pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, asthma, AIDS, sickle cell anemia, scleroderma and congenital heart defect is possible.
- COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- pulmonary embolism pulmonary embolism
- pulmonary fibrosis pulmonary fibrosis
- sarcoidosis asthma
- AIDS sickle cell anemia
- scleroderma congenital heart defect
- congenital heart defect is possible.
- primary (or idiopathic) pulmonary hypertension is not a complication of another underlying disease. Consequently, in primary (or idiopathic) pulmonary hypertension in contrast to secondary hypertension the causes are not known exactly.
- Possible causes for an increased tone of the blood vessels are an increased release of blood vessel contracting factors, such as endothe
- Heart disease is categorized according to the NYHA Classification, a scheme originally published by the New York Heart Association for the classification of heart disease. It is most commonly used to divide heart failure at various stages according to the patient's ability to perform (NYHA stages I to IV), as well as adapting to other conditions such as pulmonary hypertension. Depending on the severity, the International Guidelines of the Consensus Commission of the 3rd P AH World Symposium in Venice, 2003 (Galie N. et al: Comprehensive analysis of clinical trial and evidence-based treatment algorithm in pulmonary arterial hypertension, J. Am. 2004 Jun.
- the above-defined coprecipitate comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is suitable wherein the active pharmaceutical ingredient is sparingly soluble in an aqueous solution, preferably also for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
- coprecipitate according to the invention can either be administered directly or further processed.
- a further subject matter of the present invention is a process for the preparation of the medicament according to the invention, comprising the steps: a) comminuting the coprecipitate according to the invention, and
- comminution is used here as known to the person skilled in the art and relates to the mechanical displacement of the particle size distribution, for example of grains, into a finer size range.
- grain size and hardness of the grain type is between coarse breaking, crushing and crushing at grain sizes of the starting material of 50 mm to 0.5 mm and fine grinding, superfine grinding and colloid milling at particle sizes of 500 microns to less than 5 microns.
- the naming of the results of comminution ranges from chunks over crushed stone, split, semolina, flour, powder to colloidal fineness. Jaw crushers, impact crushers, hammer mills, ball mills, colloid mills, fine-bed roller mills, single-shaft shredders and many others are used.
- insulating is used here as known to the person skilled in the art and refers to the separation of substances due to different material properties, in this case preferably the particle size.
- Particle size separation processes are filtration, especially suction, rake, sieving, sighting: plan views, air classification, membrane separation and reverse osmosis.
- isolation refers in particular to the sieving process, which is a mechanical separation process for sizing (classifying) bulk solids.
- the material to be separated is placed on a sieve which is rotated or shaken.
- a sieve is a device for separating solids according to the criterion of grain size by utilizing gravity as a driving force. As a result, at least two fractions are obtained which are in their minimum or maximum grain size differ.
- the feedstock is usually a solid mixture of different particle sizes (eg bulk material, debris), but it may also be a solid mixture together with liquid, in connection with the inventive method for producing the medicament according to the invention preferably a solid mixture of different particle size.
- the separation takes place through the sieve bottom or sieve lining, which contains as the actual separation medium a large number of equal openings.
- This consists of either metal (pinhole, wire mesh, metal mesh or metal bars), plastic, rubber of different hardness or silk gauze.
- the size of the openings is referred to as mesh size and defines the wire cut.
- border grain A sieve can consist of one or more superposed sieve linings, whereby the sieve with the largest mesh size in the sieve stack The efficiency of a sieve depends on the cleanliness of the sieve lining, in particular the blockage of the sieve openings by border grain must be carried out by suitable measures (eg brushes, balls, chains, rubber cubes "running” on or under the sieve). ) be avoided.
- the coprecipitates according to the invention and the coprecipitates isolated in the process for the preparation of the medicament according to the invention are only spheres with a circular cross-section in the ideal case.
- the comminuted coprecipitate particles do not have a circular cross-section. Therefore, in the context of the present invention, the term diameter is also applied to only approximately spherical coprecipitates, for example an elliptical, crescent-shaped, semi-circular, or even substantially diamond-shaped, square or even diamond-shaped have rectangular sectional area, wherein the sectional area in the case of a diamond-shaped, square or rectangular shape, however, has rounded corners.
- maximum diameter in connection with the isolation of comminuted coprecipitate particles, refers to the limit of the diameter of the coprecipitates, which can still pass through the mesh of the respective screen.
- maximum diameter refers to the maximum diameter of a particle that is relevant under the conditions described above and that can still pass through the meshes of the screen.
- the maximum diameter of the comminuted coprecipitate particles in the process according to the invention is preferably 500 ⁇ m.
- the particle size can be measured, for example, with the aid of laser diffraction.
- a device of the type Mastersizer 2000 can be used.
- Laser diffraction as a method of determining particle size, relies on the effect that particles passing through a laser beam scatter light at an angle that is directly related to their particle size. In this context it is observed that the measured control angle increases logarithmically with decreasing particle size. As a result, large particles scatter the high intensity light at narrower angles; small particles, on the other hand, scatter the light at wider angles, but with less intensity. Devices based on the principle of laser diffraction use this behavior to determine particle sizes.
- a typical system for this consists of a laser that generates coherent light of a particular wavelength, a set of detectors that measure the generated light pattern over a wide range of angles, and a type of sample presentation system to ensure that the tested material is a homogeneous particle stream in a defined, reproducible state of the dispersion is conveyed by the laser beam.
- Modern devices are also equipped with modules for the analysis of liquid dispersions as well as for the analysis of aerosols of both wet and dry nature.
- the dynamic measuring range is directly related to the angular range of the scattering angle measurement. Modern devices measure from about 0.02 degrees to more than 140 degrees.
- the wavelength of the light used for the measurements is also important. Small wavelengths (e.g., blue light sources) show a higher sensitivity to sub-micron particles. As long as the particle diameter is large compared to the wavelength of the laser used (particles> 10 ⁇ m in diameter), laser diffraction is the only significant phenomenon observed.
- the particle-wave dualism of electromagnetic radiation becomes relevant.
- a more complex theory of diffraction is used, in which all interactions between light and particles have to be considered.
- the preferred maximum diameter of the comminuted coprecipitate particles of 500 ⁇ m is significantly above the critical diameter of 10 ⁇ m for the measurement range of the laser diffraction. Therefore, the laser diffraction is suitable without limitation, to determine the stated maximum particle diameter of the comminuted coprecipitate particles.
- the process according to the invention for the preparation of the medicament according to the invention preferably additionally comprises the step c) mixing
- a binder and / or tablet disintegrant such as cellulose, a cellulose derivative, an oligo- or polysaccharide,
- the coprecipitate obtained in step a) or b) can be mixed with a binder and / or filler and / or tablet disintegrant.
- binder or else called binder, is used here as known to the person skilled in the art and relates to compounds which improve the adhesion. Binders include, but are not limited to, water, ethanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, starch, gelatin or sugar, including sucrose, dextrose, molasses and lactose, and microcrystalline cellulose.
- cellulose cellulose derivative, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide are used here as defined above.
- the coprecipitate obtained in step a) or b) can be mixed with a binder and / or disintegrating agent.
- tablet disintegrant is used here as known to the person skilled in the art and relates to auxiliaries which ensure the rapid disintegration of tablets into water or gastric juice and thus for the release of the active ingredient in resorbable form.
- auxiliaries which ensure the rapid disintegration of tablets into water or gastric juice and thus for the release of the active ingredient in resorbable form.
- substances which increase the porosity of the compressed and a large Water such as starch, cellulose derivatives, aginates, dextranes, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, or hydrophilizing agents that provide for the wetting of the Komprimatpumblen, such as polysorbates (eg Tween ® 20, Tween ® 21, Tween ® 40, Tween ® 60, Tween ® 61, Tween ® 65, Tween ® 80, Tween 81 and Tween ® from ICI America, Inc.).
- polysorbates eg Tween ® 20, Tween ®
- Disintegrating agents include the following compounds, but are not limited to: cross-linked Poylvinylpyrrolidone (eg crospovidone, such as Polyplasdone ® XL available from GAF), cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (such as Croscarmellose such as Ac-di-sol ® from FMC); Alginic acid, calcium and Natriumcarboxymethyl seatsn (eg Explotab ®, available from Edward Medell Co., Inc.); Methyl cellulose; agar bentonite; alginic acid; Calcium carbonate, polysorbate; sodium lauryl sulfate; or lactose and lactose derivatives such as agglomerated lactose, for example Tablettose ® 80th
- Preferred binders or tablet disintegrants are cellulose, cellulose derivatives, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides.
- an emulsifier may be present in step c).
- emulsifier is used here as known to those skilled in the art and refers to substances which allow or facilitate the uniform distribution of two or more immiscible phases and at the same time prevent the segregation of the phases.
- Emulsifiers are divided into two main groups, namely those which are either in the oil or in the water phase, possibly also in certain oil and water phases at the same time, mostly colloidally soluble, and those which are neither in the oil nor in the water phase are soluble.
- the latter powdery however, have only a minor importance.
- the former group are surfactants; they can be wetting agents at the same time.
- anionic or anionic, cationic or cationic, nonionic or nonionic and ampholytic emulsifiers include, among others, the alkali salts of the fatty acids, ie, the soaps (eg, ammonium, potassium, sodium stearate, palmitate, oleate, linoleate, etc.), the alkaline earth or heavy metal salts of higher fatty acids, also called metal soaps (US Pat.
- organic soaps eg mono-, di- or triethanolamine oleate, stearate etc., diethylethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl- l-propanol stearate, morpholinstearate, etc.
- sulfurized compounds eg, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cetyl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium monolaurylglyceryl sulfate, turkey red oil, etc.
- sulfonated compounds eg, sodium cetylsulfonate, Igepon T, Aerosol OT, etc.
- Compounds eg, sodium lauryl phosphate
- lamepones eg, bile salts (eg, sodium glycocholate), saponins, etc.
- a preferred emulsifier in the process of the present invention is sodium lauryl s
- Lubricants are those auxiliaries which improve the flow properties of the coprecipitate for tabletting in the hopper and filling shoe of the tableting machine.
- Lubricants include, but are not limited to, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol or stearates, for example, magnesium stearate.
- a preferred emulsifier in the process according to the invention is magnesium stearate.
- the mixture obtained in step c) can be pressed into a tablet in step d).
- pressing is used here as the skilled person and relates to the mechanical operation in which by applying pressure on stamps or corresponding forms, for example in a so-called tablet press, from solid powders or granules formulated dosage forms, so-called tablets manufactured.
- the shapes of the tablets made by this operation may be different.
- Preferred tablets for oral administration have the oblong biconvex shape (round and arched on both sides).
- FIG. 1 shows release curves of the tablets from Example 6, ie with a coprecipitate consisting of tadalafil and Eudragit in a ratio of 2: 1, in comparison to
- the conditions for the release of tadalafil from the tablets are 1000 ml of 0.1 N HCl + 0.5% SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate), 37 ° C and 50 rpm (revolutions per minute).
- Example 1 Preparation of coprecipitates of tadalafil and 2.5 g HPMCP tadalafil and 2.5 g HPMCP (. Hydroxyp_ropylmethylcellulosep hthalat) HP-55 with stirring in a mixture of 17.0 g of tetrahydrofuran and 3.0 g of deionized water in a Vessel dissolved. For co-precipitation, 30 g of a 1% HCl solution is added with continuous stirring. Upon completion of the coprecipitation process, the product is filtered off by means of a vacuum pump. The solid coprecipitate is washed three times with 33.0 g of water. After washing, the product is dried for 20 hours at 50 ° C in an oven. Subsequently, the dried product is mortared and dried in the oven for another four hours. Tablets can be pressed from the product obtained.
- Example 2 Preparation of Coprecipitates of Tadalafil and Eudragit (1: 1)
- Example 3 Preparation of Coprecipitates of Tadalafil and Eudragit (2: 1) Tadalafil 5.0 g and 2.5 g of Eudragit eloo are dissolved with stirring at short heating at up to 30 0 C in a mixture of 34.0 g of tetrahydrofuran and 6.0 g of deionized water in a vessel. For coprecipitation, 60.0 g of deionized water are added with constant stirring. Upon completion of the coprecipitation process, the product is filtered off by means of a vacuum pump. The solid coprecipitate is then washed three times with 60.0 g of water. After washing, the product is oven dried at 50 ° C for 20 hours. It is then mortared and dried for an additional 14 hours in the oven.
- Example 4 Preparation of Tablets from the Coprecipitate of Example 1
- the coprecipitate from Example 1 is mortared with mortar and pestle and sieved over a sieve with a pore size of 500 microns. Following are 40.8 g of the sieved coprecipitate with 59.7 g of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel ® PH 102) 225.0 g of agglomerated lactose (Tablettose ® 80 from Meggle) crosslinked and 23.0 g of carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-di- Sol® , Lederle Labs.) And 1.0 g of sodium lauryl sulfate at 23 rpm (rounds per minute, rounds per minute) in a Turbula blender for 10 minutes. To this mixture is added 0.9 g of magnesium stearate and the resulting mixture is mixed for 5 minutes. Tablets are pressed using a single punch tablet machine EKO.
- Example 5 Preparation of Tablets from the Coprecipitate of Example 2
- Example 2 The coprecipitate from Example 2 is mortared with mortar and pestle and sieved over a sieve with pore size of 500 microns. Following are 40.4 of the screened
- Example 6 Preparation of Tablets from the Coprecipitate of Example 3
- the coprecipitate from Example 3 is mortared with mortar and pestle and sieved over a sieve with a pore size of 500 microns. Subsequently 30.0 g of the sieved coprecipitate be with 59.7 g of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel ® PH 102) 224.6 g agglomerated lactose (Tablettose 80, from Meggle) and 23.0 g of crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-Di- Sol® , Lederle Labs.) and 1.0 g of sodium lauryl sulfate at 23 rpm (rounds per minute, rounds per minute) in a Turbula blender mixed for 10 minutes. To this mixture is added 0.9 g of magnesium stearate and the resulting mixture is mixed for 5 minutes. Tablets are pressed using a single punch tablet machine EKO.
- the tablets from the Tadalafil coprecipitate are placed in mono blisters (blister packs) of PCV at 40 ° C / 75% relative humidity, 30 ° C / 65% relative humidity and 25 ° C / 60% relative humidity for a period of four weeks stored.
- mono blisters blister packs
- the samples stored at 40 ° C / 75% relative humidity in mono-PVC blisters are tested for stability after four weeks; the samples show no appreciable decomposition.
- a tablet with a coprecipitate containing tadalafil and Eudragit in a ratio of 1: 1 shows a 70% release of the drug after 60 minutes against the 50% release of the drug from a tablet with a coprecipitate containing tadalafil and HPMCP (Hydroxy2ropylmethylcellulose p_hthalate ) in a ratio of 1: 1 (data not shown)).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009035211A DE102009035211A1 (de) | 2009-07-29 | 2009-07-29 | Copräzipitate umfassend einen Phosphodiesterase-5-Inhibitor (PDE-5-Inhibitor) und einen pharmazeutisch verträglichen Trägerstoff, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
| PCT/EP2010/004181 WO2011012217A2 (de) | 2009-07-29 | 2010-07-08 | Copräzipitate umfassend einen phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor (pde-5-inhibitor) und einen pharmazeutisch verträglichen trägerstoff, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2459174A2 true EP2459174A2 (de) | 2012-06-06 |
Family
ID=42646808
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10730104A Ceased EP2459174A2 (de) | 2009-07-29 | 2010-07-08 | Copräzipitate umfassend einen phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor (pde-5-inhibitor) und einen pharmazeutisch verträglichen trägerstoff, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120189694A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2459174A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009035211A1 (de) |
| EA (1) | EA022037B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011012217A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11806314B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2023-11-07 | Respira Therapeutics, Inc. | PDE5 inhibitor powder formulations and methods relating thereto |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007028869A1 (de) | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-24 | Ratiopharm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Arzneimittels enthaltend Tadalafil |
| MX2015016865A (es) * | 2013-07-05 | 2016-04-07 | Synthon Bv | Composicion farmaceutica que comprende una dispersion solida de tadalafilo. |
| SI3172207T1 (sl) * | 2014-07-23 | 2019-06-28 | Krka D.D., Novo Mesto | Proces za pripravo zaviralca CGMP-fosfodiesteraze in oralne farmacevtske formulacije, ki obsega koprecipitate tadalafila |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0297866A3 (de) * | 1987-07-01 | 1989-12-13 | The Boots Company PLC | Arzneimittel |
| GB9311920D0 (en) | 1993-06-09 | 1993-07-28 | Pfizer Ltd | Therapeutic agents |
| GB9423910D0 (en) | 1994-11-26 | 1995-01-11 | Pfizer Ltd | Therapeutic agents |
| GB9511220D0 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1995-07-26 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Solid dispersions |
| US6548490B1 (en) | 1997-10-28 | 2003-04-15 | Vivus, Inc. | Transmucosal administration of phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction |
| UA71629C2 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2004-12-15 | Lilli Icos Llc | Composition containing free drug particulate form of ?-carboline (variants), method for its manufacture (variants), and method for treating sexual dysfunction |
| PT1200090E (pt) | 1999-08-03 | 2013-11-25 | Icos Corp | Formulação farmacêutica à base de um beta-carbolina e seu uso para tratar a disfunção sexual. |
| US20030139384A1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2003-07-24 | Dudley Robert E. | Method for treating erectile dysfunction and increasing libido in men |
| US20080226723A1 (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2008-09-18 | Celonova Biosciences, Inc. | Loadable Polymeric Particles for Therapeutic Use in Erectile Dysfunction and Methods of Preparing and Using the Same |
| KR101140110B1 (ko) * | 2006-07-07 | 2012-06-04 | 테바 파마슈티컬 인더스트리즈 리미티드 | 타달라필 및 하나 이상의 담체를 포함하는 고체 조성물 |
| US20090004281A1 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-01-01 | Biovail Laboratories International S.R.L. | Multiparticulate osmotic delivery system |
| WO2009073216A1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-11 | Bend Research, Inc. | Nanoparticles comprising a non-ionizable polymer and an amine-functionalized methacrylate copolymer |
-
2009
- 2009-07-29 DE DE102009035211A patent/DE102009035211A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-07-08 US US13/387,276 patent/US20120189694A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-07-08 WO PCT/EP2010/004181 patent/WO2011012217A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-07-08 EP EP10730104A patent/EP2459174A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-07-08 EA EA201270206A patent/EA022037B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011012217A2 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11806314B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2023-11-07 | Respira Therapeutics, Inc. | PDE5 inhibitor powder formulations and methods relating thereto |
| US12364701B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2025-07-22 | Respira Therapeutics, Inc. | PDE5 inhibitor powder formulations and methods relating thereto |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA022037B1 (ru) | 2015-10-30 |
| US20120189694A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
| EA201270206A1 (ru) | 2012-07-30 |
| WO2011012217A2 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
| DE102009035211A1 (de) | 2011-02-17 |
| WO2011012217A3 (de) | 2012-04-26 |
| DE102009035211A8 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
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