EP2449622B1 - Filtre à haute fréquence - Google Patents

Filtre à haute fréquence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2449622B1
EP2449622B1 EP10728135.4A EP10728135A EP2449622B1 EP 2449622 B1 EP2449622 B1 EP 2449622B1 EP 10728135 A EP10728135 A EP 10728135A EP 2449622 B1 EP2449622 B1 EP 2449622B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner conductor
frequency filter
coupling device
radio frequency
filter according
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EP10728135.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2449622A1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Nita
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/202—Coaxial filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P11/001—Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P11/005—Manufacturing coaxial lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
    • H01P3/06—Coaxial lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-frequency filter, i.e. a so-called high-pass filter, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pair of high-frequency filters can be used, both of which allow a specific (i.e. the respectively desired) frequency band to pass through (bandpass filter) or a pair of high-frequency filters which both block a certain (i.e. the respectively undesired) frequency band (band-stop filter), or a Pair of high-frequency filters, made up of a filter that passes frequencies below a frequency between the transmission and reception bands and blocks the frequencies above (low-pass filters), and a filter that blocks frequencies below this frequency between the transmission and reception bands and the above it lets through (high-pass filter).
  • Other combinations of the filter types mentioned can also be used.
  • High-frequency filters of the type described can be constructed in different ways.
  • a known high-pass filter can consist of a bore or a channel in a milled or cast housing, with inner conductor sections being arranged in the channel or in the bore, which are galvanically connected to the outer conductor via so-called stub lines.
  • the inner conductor sections (if the entire arrangement should still have a compact structural size) generally have very small-dimensioned interruptions, as a result of which the corresponding inner conductor sections are capacitively coupled at their end faces.
  • the size of the capacitive couplings between the line sections is inversely proportional to Change the distance.
  • the frontal capacitive coupling between the inner conductors also increases with an increasing cross-sectional area of the lines and with an increasing dielectric constant of the material that can be located in the gap between the lines. Since the coaxial high-pass filters known and designed according to the state of the art generally require relatively high capacities, the distance between the end faces of the inner conductor sections positioned in an axial extension of one another is (if, as mentioned, comparatively compact outer dimensions are to be maintained ) usually smaller than 0.5 mm (for example when installing in a base station or other antenna device). The distance is often around 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
  • Figure 12a is in a schematic axial longitudinal section (for example, in a plan view without showing the cover closing the outer conductor) and in Figure 12b a corresponding coaxial high-pass filter, as is known from the prior art, is shown in an axial cross-sectional view (with a cover closing the outer conductor).
  • the housing can also be divided into two or more parts, for example it can comprise two housing sections or housing halves that can be joined together.
  • the outer conductor housing can also be completely closed, so that the inner conductor arrangement is only pushed axially into this outer conductor housing. There are no restrictions in this regard.
  • such a coaxial high-pass filter comprises an outer conductor 1 which - as mentioned - usually consists of a milled or cast housing (metal, metal alloy) in which an axial bore or an axial channel 3 is formed.
  • An inner conductor arrangement 5 is then provided along this bore or this channel 3, which consists of several inner conductor sections 5a.
  • the inner conductor sections end with their inner conductor end face 5b at a small distance A, so that a capacitive coupling results between the inner conductor end faces 5b and thus the inner conductor sections 5a.
  • a dielectric D can be inserted between these inner conductor end faces 5b, for example.
  • the individual inner conductor sections 5a are each galvanically coupled (as a rule in the middle) to the outer conductor 1 via a branch line 7 running transversely or perpendicularly to the associated inner conductor section 5a, the corresponding branch lines 7 in lateral branch line ducts 9 (i.e. branch line recesses 9). run in the material of the outer conductor 1 and are galvanically connected to the aforementioned outer conductor 1 on the branch line channel bottom 9a (the outer conductor 1 quasi represents the housing of the high-pass filter formed in this way).
  • Such a high pass in a coaxial structure is, for example, through Matthei, Young, Jones: “Microwave Filters, Impedance-Matching Networks, and Coupling Structures", McGraw - Hill Book Company 2001 , namely on page 414 ( Figure 7 .07-3) as known.
  • FIG. 12c Based on Figure 12c is a corresponding equivalent circuit diagram for the prior art according to the Figures 12a and 12b known high frequency filter reproduced. It can be seen from this that a single inner conductor 5 with individual inner conductor sections 5a is provided, with a capacitance C 1 being formed between two inner conductor sections 5a and running from the inner conductor sections 5a, which are continuous to ground, or the outer conductor 1 Branch line 7 is connected in the form of an inductance I.
  • the desired response behavior of the high-pass filter formed in this way is generated by the paired capacitive coupling of several line sections or line pieces (whereby the coupling can take place via a dielectric consisting of air or some other material) and their galvanic connection with the outer conductor.
  • the degree of capacitive coupling is determined by the size of the opposite two end faces of the inner conductor sections coupled above, by the distance A between the two end inner conductor sections and by the dielectric used between the two end inner conductor sections.
  • FIG. 12a and 12b comparable solution is also from the US 2009/0153270 A1 became known that the DE 10 2007 061 413 A1 corresponds to.
  • a high-pass filter is shown with an inner conductor which comprises individual inner conductor sections. Two inner conductor sections following one another in an axial extension are at a distance from one another arranged, the mutually facing end faces as well as an adjoining inner conductor section dipping in a partial length into a tubular intermediate piece which has a closed wall section in the middle between the two end faces of the successive inner conductor sections.
  • This structure results in an inner conductor path with a length compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figure 12a , intermediate and successive double capacitive coupling from the end of an inner conductor section to the tubular intermediate piece and from the tubular intermediate piece to the next inner conductor section etc ..
  • An adjustable filter arrangement is, for example, also from the US 2006/0170522 A1 known.
  • coaxial inner conductor sections are arranged within a coaxial conductor at a distance therefrom, the end faces of which are spaced apart from one another. Over a certain axial length of these inner conductor ends, they are surrounded by an insulating sleeve, which in turn is located in a conductive sleeve.
  • a high-frequency filter with a sleeve tuning element which, in addition to an outer conductor, comprises a continuous inner conductor arrangement.
  • On the continuous inner conductor arrangement are in axial Distances provided as parallel elements capacitances that represent a capacitive connection between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • capacitances that represent a capacitive connection between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.
  • a ring capacitor is formed at each of the two opposite ends, one ring capacitor being galvanically connected to the one inner conductor section via a connecting line and the other ring capacitor being galvanically connected to the spaced-apart second inner conductor section via a further connecting line.
  • a further separate ring capacitor is provided, which is galvanically connected to the outer conductor via a radial grid arrangement.
  • a high-frequency filter can also be seen as known, which has an intermediate inner conductor between the input and output-side inner conductor section.
  • a two-stage capacitive transmission is provided between the input-side inner conductor section and this intermediate inner conductor as well as from the intermediate inner conductor to the output-side inner conductor section.
  • a high-frequency filter can also be found, which has a coupling element between the input and output-side inner conductor, which ultimately has the same width as the inner conductor sections. This brings about a capacitive coupling from an inner conductor section to the coupling element located between the inner conductor sections and from this to the opposite inner conductor section, that is to say a two-stage capacitive coupling connected in series.
  • the inner conductor intermediate piece is connected to the outer conductor via a branch line.
  • a so-called high-pass filter a so-called high-pass filter
  • the high-pass filter according to the invention is distinguished by a tolerance sensitivity that is significantly improved compared to the prior art.
  • the high-pass filter according to the invention can also be used as a single filter, but also in combination with one or more similar or different high-frequency filters.
  • the solution according to the invention consists essentially in that an additional inner conductor coupling element is built into the high-frequency filter track, this additional inner conductor coupling element either being metallic and therefore electrically conductive or consisting of or comprising a metallic or electrically conductive coated dielectric .
  • the inner conductor coupling element additionally attached according to the invention is provided in the area of the frontal coupling of the inner conductor sections. If this inner conductor coupling element is, for example, hollow-cylindrical or generally provided with an inner recess, the ends of the adjacent inner conductor sections, i.e. the respective inner conductor end faces, can face each other wholly or at least partially within the inner conductor coupling element in this inner conductor coupling element.
  • the inner conductor coupling element with the inner conductor sections interacting with it is arranged so as to overlap only in a partial circumferential area, i.e. for example only over an axial length away from the respective end face of the inner conductor section with the end area of the associated inner conductor -Section covered in order to realize the additional coupling here.
  • the electrical connection of the inner conductor to the outer conductor is then not made from the inner conductor sections, but rather with corresponding branch lines from the inner conductor coupling elements.
  • a blocking pole can be achieved with each high-pass filter according to the invention using a corresponding inner conductor coupling element.
  • several such structures can be connected one behind the other (in series), with several additional blocking poles being able to be generated by appropriate coordination.
  • the high-pass filter according to the invention can also be assembled with conventional further high-pass filter structures while generating one or more blocking poles. There are also no restrictions in this respect.
  • the design of the high-frequency filter can be significantly shortened compared to the prior art. This results in overall more compact overall dimensions.
  • the mechanical stability can also be increased by the inner conductor coupling elements used. This is especially true when a dielectric is used in solid form, i.e. not in air. This is because the inner conductor sections, the inner conductor coupling elements and / or the branch lines can also be stabilized and held in this way.
  • the dielectric which is at least partially in the inner conductor coupling element in which the inner conductor sections end, can take on an additional positioning function of the inner conductor coupling element and thus also of the inner conductor sections, especially when the dielectric is also outside the Inner conductor coupling element is provided in the corresponding receiving space (bore, channel) of the outer conductor arrangement.
  • Further dielectrics for mechanical stabilization within the structures are also possible, for example also layered dielectrics.
  • the structures according to the invention allow high powers to be transmitted. There is also an overall good intermodulation behavior - which is also of great importance in mobile radio technology in particular. Finally, it can and must be noted that, within the scope of the solution according to the invention, good heat dissipation is still achieved via the inner conductor coupling elements and, for example, the galvanic coupling to the outer conductor.
  • a further improvement can also be achieved within the scope of the invention in that the coupling of the inner conductor structures between the inner conductor coupling elements and the outer conductor does not necessarily have to take place in that the corresponding branch lines are galvanically connected to the outer conductor. It is also possible that the branch lines are capacitively coupled to the outer conductor. In this case too, the solid dielectric that may be located in the interior of the outer conductor can also be used to position and fix the branch lines capacitively coupled to the outer conductor.
  • a high-frequency filter is created within the scope of the invention, namely a so-called high-pass filter, in which a blocking pole can be generated below the pass band by specifically introducing a structure, also referred to below as an inner conductor coupling element. If several such structures are connected in series, several blocking poles can be generated below the pass band.
  • an inner conductor coupling element can be electrically conductive because it consists, for example, of a metal or a metallic structure, or it can be formed from or comprise a dielectric, which for example is coated electrically conductive.
  • Such a design according to the invention of one or more additional blocking poles leads to a significant steepening of the blocking range and to a shortened design while at the same time the high-pass filter is insensitive to tolerances compared to previous solutions.
  • the invention can be used both as an individual filter and in combination with one or more high-frequency filters of the same type or of different types.
  • one of the main applications is the use of so-called duplex filters or, for example, triplexers.
  • This exemplary embodiment according to the invention differs from the high-frequency filter in coaxial construction according to the prior art according to FIGS Figures 12a and 12b Among other things, in that an inner conductor coupling device 15 in the manner of an inner conductor coupling element 115 is now provided in the area of the inner conductor end sections 5c, over which the inner conductor end sections 5c overlap with the inner conductor coupling element 115 with a certain axial length.
  • the inner conductor coupling device 15 as an inner conductor Koppelyzlinder 15a, in which the inner conductor end sections 5c immerse with a certain axial length, wherein the inner conductor end faces 5b of the inner conductor sections 5a positioned in an axial extension of one another come to lie at a distance A from one another.
  • the inner conductor sections 5a are arranged on a common axis line X1 in a direct axial extension of one another and in the process plunge coaxially into the inner conductor coupling cylinder 15a.
  • the individual inner conductor sections can be held and anchored by dielectric spacers in the inner conductor space 21, designed as a channel 3, for example, opposite the outer conductor 1 (i.e. the outer conductor housing 10), for example also in that the entire inner conductor space 21 or only certain sections of the Inner conductor space is filled, poured, etc. with a solid dielectric.
  • dielectric spacers in the inner conductor space 21, designed as a channel 3, for example, opposite the outer conductor 1 (i.e. the outer conductor housing 10), for example also in that the entire inner conductor space 21 or only certain sections of the Inner conductor space is filled, poured, etc. with a solid dielectric.
  • dielectric spacers in the inner conductor space 21, designed as a channel 3, for example, opposite the outer conductor 1 (i.e. the outer conductor housing 10), for example also in that the entire inner conductor space 21 or only certain sections of the Inner conductor space is filled, poured, etc. with a solid dielectric.
  • several dielectric structures can also be
  • a dielectric 23 is provided in the area of the inner conductor coupling device 15, ie in the interior of the inner conductor coupling cylinder 15a, preferably not from air, but from a solid material (for example plastic, ceramic, etc.) over what the individual inner conductor sections 5a are held and positioned by the inner conductor coupling cylinder 15a.
  • the branch lines 7 already explained in the prior art are not coupled to the individual inner conductor sections 5a in the embodiment according to the invention, but are electrically-galvanically connected to the respective inner conductor coupling device 15, ie to the inner conductor coupling element 115 and preferably run across and in shown embodiment perpendicular to the axial extension X1 of the inner conductor 5 in a corresponding branch line channel 9 to the branch line channel bottom 9a in the outer conductor housing 10 and are opposite to the inner conductor coupling device 15 electrically-galvanically connected to the outer conductor 1, ie the outer conductor housing 10.
  • the individual branch lines can, however, also be located in a second line channel located in the bottom of the outer conductor housing or on opposite sides of the outer conductor. There are no restrictions in this regard.
  • the dielectric preferably formed from a solid dielectric 23 in this embodiment does not have to extend over the entire axial length of the inner conductor coupling cylinder 15a, but can end in front of the front end of the inner conductor coupling cylinder 15a (as in Figure 1a is shown for the example of the coupling on the right) or can even use the inner conductor coupling cylinder 15a in the axial direction survive (as shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1a for the left-hand coupling).
  • the inventive solution using the coupling device 15 results in two capacitive couplings connected in series, namely, for example, a first coupling from one inner conductor end section 5b to the inner conductor coupling device 15 and from the inner conductor coupling device 15 to the next adjacent inner conductor end section 5c of a subsequent adjacent inner conductor end section 5b.
  • these capacitive couplings correspond to the end-side coupling between the end faces 5b in the high-pass filter according to the prior art, as shown on the basis of FIG Figures 12a and 12b is explained.
  • the capacitive coupling provided between the end faces 5b is now additionally generated by the aforementioned capacitive coupling in series via the new inner conductor coupling device 15, which is now shown in this structure according to FIG Figures 1a and 1b the generation of additional blocking poles is used to improve the flank of the high pass compared to the prior art.
  • Figure 1c shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the solution according to the invention according to FIG Figures 1a and 1b , where in Figure 1d the equivalent circuit diagram in a more compact representation compared to the representation in Figure 1c is reproduced.
  • both the cross-sectional shape of the outer conductor, the cross-sectional shape of the inner conductor, the cross-sectional shape of the inner conductor coupling device and the cross-sectional shape of the dielectric 23 provided, for example, between the inner conductor end sections and the inner conductor coupling device 15 can have a wide variety of shapes, in particular cross-sectional shapes.
  • the outer conductor housing extensions 1 ' are shown with a larger material extension, in which the mentioned branch line recesses or channels 9 for receiving the branch lines are accommodated. If necessary, however, the outer conductor housing does not have to be included an outer conductor housing extension 1 ', but can generally be tubular (with any cross-sectional shape) so that the branch lines 7 are connected directly to the inner wall of the outer conductor housing or outer conductor tube, generally the outer conductor.
  • the branch line recesses can also be located in the outer conductor area or in the correspondingly recessed cover.
  • Figures 2a to 2k show Figures 2a to 2k that, for example, the outer contour of the outer conductor 1 can be rectangular or square or generally n-polygonal. Likewise, however, the outer conductor can ultimately also have a round or partially round cross-sectional shape, at least on its outside. It can be designed oval or cylindrical. There are no restrictions on certain cross-sectional shapes or external contours.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2d also show that, for example, the cross-sectional shape of the inner conductor space 21, at least outside the area in which the branch line recesses or channels 9 are provided in the outer conductor 1, can have a square or rectangular, cylindrical or generally n-polygonal cross-sectional shape, which is defined by the outer conductor inner surface 1a is formed.
  • the inner conductor 5, ie the inner conductor sections 5a and in particular the inner conductor end sections 5c, can have different cross-sectional shapes, for example round cross-sectional shapes, square or rectangular cross-sectional shapes, generally n-polygonal cross-sectional shapes.
  • oval cross-sectional shapes or mixed shapes are also possible for the inner conductor cross-section, as well as a cross-sectional shape in which rounded transition areas are provided between the different side surfaces.
  • elliptical cross-sectional shapes etc. are also conceivable. There are no restrictions in this regard.
  • the inner conductor coupling devices 15 can also have a wide variety of cross-sectional shapes, for example in the manner of a hollow cylinder with a round cross-sectional shape or with an angular cross-sectional shape or at least partially or in sections with an angular or square outer surface 15b and an inner surface, also partly or in sections round, square or generally n-polygonal inner surface 15c etc .
  • the individual wall sections ie the individual surfaces on the outside or inside of the inner conductor coupling element 115, can merge into adjacent wall sections via corners or roundings.
  • the inner conductor coupling device 15 can have an oval cross-sectional shape with respect to its outer surface 15b, and in FIG Deviating from this, the surfaces 15c lying on the inside facing the inner conductor end sections can have a cross-sectional shape that differs therefrom, for example a cross-sectional shape approximating a square or rectangle.
  • the example according to Figure 2f also shows that the inner conductor coupling element 115 is not completely closed in the circumferential direction, but can be provided with an opening section 15d, similar to the embodiment according to FIG Figure 2g . It is in the embodiment according to Figure 2g the opening area 15d as well as the distance between the inner conductor end section 5b and the inner conductor coupling device 15 are filled with a dielectric 23.
  • the inner conductor coupling element 115 can be arranged, for example, only in a side area or a partial circumferential area - in relation to the inner conductor sections - generally parallel or generally more or less in the overlapping direction to the inner conductor end sections 5c, in order to be next to the capacitive coupling between the inner conductor end faces 5b of two inner conductor sections 5a arranged in extension to one another, an additional coupling between the respective inner conductor end section 5b to the inner conductor coupling element 115 and from the inner conductor coupling element 115 to the next adjacent inner conductor end section of a to generate the next inner conductor section 5a.
  • Figures 2f, 2g, 2h or 2i or 2j that the inner conductor coupling device 15 is to be coupled Inner conductor end sections 5c in a circumferential range of more than 10 °, in particular more than 20 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, 80 °, 90 °, 100 °, 110 °, 120 °, 130 °, 140 °, 150 °, 160 °, 170 °, 180 °, 190 °, 200 °, 210 °, 220 °, 230 °, 240 °, 250 °, 260 °, 270 °, 280 °, 290 °, 300 °, 310 °, 320 °, 330 °, 340 °, 350 °.
  • the same cross-sectional representations also show that the inner conductor coupling device 15 moves the inner conductor end sections 5c to be coupled by less than 360 °, 350 °, 340 °, 330 °, 320 °, 310 °, 300 °, 290 °, 280 °, 270 °, 260 °, 250 °, 240 °, 230 °, 220 °, 210 °, 200 °, 190 °, 180 °, 170 °, 160 °, 150 °, 140 °, 130 °, 120 °, 110 ° , 100 °, 90 °, 80 °, 70 °, 60 °, 50 °, 40 °, 30 ° and in particular less than 20 °.
  • the inner conductor coupling element 115 can be semicylindrical in cross-sectional form
  • the variant according to Figure 2i shows that the design of the coupling element 115, even if it encloses the inner conductor end sections only in a partial circumferential area or is arranged to do so, can have an outer contour 15b deviating from the inner contour 15c, for example, can be designed in the form of a semi-cylinder on the inside or a rectangular shape on the outside.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figure 2k also that, for example, the corresponding inner conductor end sections 5b and the inner conductor coupling device 15, which usually runs parallel to it, can be plate-shaped, ie also plate-shaped, i.e. as flat material, preferably with an interposed dielectric 23, which is also again plate-shaped in cross-section is.
  • This exemplary embodiment is ultimately understood in the sense of a high-frequency filter with a coaxial design.
  • the outer conductor can be designed as a closed overall housing, with a corresponding inner conductor channel 3.
  • the outer conductor housing is divided into two parts and comprises an actual housing section which is closed with a preferably detachable outer conductor housing cover 1a.
  • the housing can also consist of two housing halves 1b and 1c, which can be separated along a separation plane T, preferably centrally at the level of the inner conductor. This separation plane can, however, also be designed in a different position and does not have to be in the plane of the Inner conductor sections lie so that the two housing parts are designed to be of different sizes. Any modifications are possible here.
  • FIG. 1b shows that the electrical connection between the inner conductor coupling device 15 and the outer conductor 1 via the branch line 7 can be made not only galvanically, but also capacitively.
  • the branch line 7 is shown opposite the inner conductor coupling device 15 with a branch line coupling section 7a in the form of a branch line base 7a, which in the variant according to FIG Figure 3a on the left a cubic shape, for example a cube shape but also a cylindrical shape and in the variant according to FIG Figure 3a on the right can have a spherical shape or also a cylindrical shape.
  • the recess 1b is then also provided in the material of the outer conductor 1a, into which the corresponding branch line coupling section 7a intervenes.
  • the outer conductor recess 1b is preferably adapted to the cross-sectional shape or contour of the branch line base section 7a (although here, too, deviations are possible and the cross-sectional shape of the outer conductor recess 1b deviates from the cross-sectional shape or contour of the branch line base section 7a or is completely different from it can be).
  • a solid dielectric 23a is provided between the branch line coupling section 7a and the outer conductor recess 1b. This opens up the possibility that the branch line section 7 is held on the outer conductor 1 of the outer conductor housing 10 and the inner conductor coupling element 115 is also positioned firmly and stably in the inner conductor space 21.
  • the inner conductor coupling element 15 is also provided with a solid dielectric 23, so that the inner conductor end sections 5a are also held and positioned over it and the actual inner conductor sections 5a are not held in the inner conductor space 21 via further dielectric spacers and need to be positioned.
  • air is provided as a dielectric 23a between the branch line coupling section 7a and the outer conductor recess 1b.
  • the inner conductor sections can also have different diameters, also include gradations in the axial longitudinal extent at which they transition from a smaller diameter to a larger diameter or vice versa.
  • additional dielectrics can be provided in the area of the coupling elements (for example in the area of the inner surfaces of the outer conductors), which for example extend to the coupling element or end beforehand.
  • Figures 3a and 3b are shown. It is partly due to the Figures 2a to 2k referenced, which represent and reproduce some variants.
  • the inner conductor end sections 5c are designed with the same diameter and, for example, the same cross-sectional shape, roughly round, the inner conductor coupling element having a larger inner diameter than the outer diameter of the inner conductor end sections is formed so that the inner conductor end sections can dip into the interior 15e of the tubular inner conductor coupling device 15 in this embodiment in a certain axial length, so that the associated inner conductor end faces 5b end at the mentioned distance A from one another.
  • the interior 15e of the coupling device 15 is filled with a solid dielectric 23, for example also poured out, via which the inner conductor sections 5b can be held mechanically.
  • the outermost inner conductor end sections 5c adjacent to their end faces 5b are provided with a circumferential annular projection 5r, that is to say an area which has a larger outer diameter than the inner conductor end section 5c adjoining it.
  • a circumferential annular projection 5r that is to say an area which has a larger outer diameter than the inner conductor end section 5c adjoining it.
  • the one inner conductor end section 5c is designed, for example, with a blind hole (generally an inner conductor receptacle 5 "c) into which the second inner conductor end section 5c, which is designed with a smaller outer diameter, engages in a contact-free manner in a certain axial length
  • a direct capacitive coupling is realized between the two end sections 5c between the two inner conductor sections 5a positioned in this way and, on the other hand, a capacitive coupling of one inner conductor section 5a or inner conductor end section 5c (the one with the mentioned inner conductor Receptacle 5 ′′ c) to the inner conductor coupling device 15 arranged so as to be overlapping, as well as the further capacitive coupling from this inner conductor coupling device 15 to the in Figure 4d inner conductor end section 5c lying on the right.
  • the dielectric 23 projects on the right-hand side over the coupling device in the radial direction.
  • the diameters of the inner conductor sections 5a are different and so are the central axes of the two inner conductor end sections shown. Because in Figure 4e the central axes X2 and X3 are offset to one another, so that the distance between the outer circumference of the inner conductor end section 5c on the right does not come to lie coaxially with the, for example, tubular or hollow-cylindrical inner conductor coupling element. Furthermore, the in Figure 4e Inner conductor end section 5c lying on the left into a tapered end section 5'c which has a smaller outer diameter. The inner conductor end section on the right has here, adjacent to the dielectric 23, a circumferential annular shoulder 5r which has a larger outer diameter than the inner conductor end section which dips into the dielectric.
  • the variant according to Figure 4f shows only a plate-shaped coupling element 115 which, with the interposition of a dielectric 23, is arranged in an overlapping manner and connected to the inner conductor end sections 5c (parallel position to this) running towards one another and ending at a short distance A from one another.
  • the variant according to Figure 4g further shows that the coupling element (even if it is, for example, completely or partially closed in the circumferential direction) does not have to have the same outer or inner diameter over its axial length. In this embodiment according to Figure 4g it is designed conically. Finally, however, other gradations can also be provided not only on the inner conductor, but also on the coupling device 15, as shown, for example, on the basis of FIG Figures 4c and 4e is shown with respect to an elevation 15e or 15s for the gradation.
  • Figure 4h shows only schematically that, in general, the inner conductor end sections to be coupled directly capacitively do not necessarily have to be in an axial extension of one another, but can generally end next to one another.
  • FIG Figure 5a in longitudinal section
  • Figure 5b in cross section along the line VV in Figure 5a
  • FIG. 5b shows a further similar modification to the previous exemplary embodiments, quasi in the sense of a reversal to the embodiment variant according to FIG Figures 1a and 1b .
  • the actual inner conductor coupling element 115 then being arranged on the inside between the fork-shaped or pot-shaped inner conductor end section. This also results in the multiple capacitive coupling directly between the inner conductor end sections on the one hand and between the respective inner conductor end section and the associated inner conductor coupling element on the other hand.
  • Figure 6a shows one to Figure 5a corresponding embodiment, however, again with the difference that - similar to in Figure 3a the branch lines 7 are not galvanically connected to the outer conductor, but rather capacitively in the area of the branch line base sections 7a.
  • Figure 6b shows a corresponding cross-sectional view along the line VI-VI in FIG Figure 6a .
  • a solid dielectric or air can be provided as the dielectric.
  • the branch line coupling section 7a can be designed in the shape of a pin or preferably plate and comes to lie at a small distance A1 from a correspondingly shaped, here flat coupling plane to the outer conductor 1. If necessary, a dielectric 23 ′ made of solid material and not of air can again be provided here. The coupling surface of the outer conductor here runs perpendicular to the extension of the outer conductor.
  • the branch lines 7 do not necessarily have to end in branch line channels 9 in the outer conductor housing 1, i.e. the outer conductor housing does not necessarily have to be provided with an outer conductor housing extension 1 ', as explained in one of the previous exemplary embodiments.
  • an outer conductor housing with a square or tubular cross-section is used, in which the inner conductor sections with the coupling elements and the branch lines extending therefrom are arranged in the corresponding inner conductor space 21, which are galvanically or capacitively connected to the outer conductor housing at the end.
  • the individual branch lines can also be galvanically or capacitively connected on opposite sides to the outer conductor housing or also to the base or cover at the end.
  • the individual branch line ducts 9 can, however, also be provided in a corresponding cover construction, so that the branch lines can be provided and accommodated here.
  • tuning elements T at one or more points of the outer conductor housing, preferably from the outside adjustable (for example by turning them in and out of different lengths into the interior space 21).
  • a tuning element T on the right is formed in the shape of a rod and even protrudes over the opening section 15d into the space within the coupling element 115 into a space provided there in the dielectric and can also be moved differently into the dielectric from the outside, preferably by further turning it in and out Outer conductor housing can be adjusted protruding.
  • all electrically conductive structures can consist of metal, metal alloys, for example cast, milled, turned, deep-drawn and / or sheet metal or bent parts. It is also possible, however, for the correspondingly explained electrically conductive parts to consist of an insulator, plastic, generally a dielectric, and for the electrically conductive parts or surfaces to be covered with an electrically conductive surface.
  • Mixed forms of metallic components for example for the outer conductors
  • parts arranged inside such as the coupling element, inner conductor sections or branch lines can also consist of electrically conductive surfaces provided with or formed on electrically conductive surfaces Tracks can be formed which are also made of dielectric materials, for example.
  • a high-pass filter with a coaxial structure i.e. with an inner conductor or inner conductor section running into an outer conductor
  • a coaxial structure i.e. with an inner conductor or inner conductor section running into an outer conductor
  • a blocking pole can be achieved per inner conductor coupling element 115 used, that is to say generally per inner conductor coupling device 15 used.
  • the explained high-pass filter can typically be used in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 10 GHz.
  • the electrical coupling of the individual conductor sections i.e. the individual conductor sections 5b to one another, can be achieved via the distance between the end faces of the directly coupled inner conductor sections and via the distance between the inner conductor end section 5c (or its outer surface 5d) and the adjacent upper and / or inner surface 15c of the inner conductor coupling device 15, in particular of the inner conductor coupling element 115, as well as through the use of a dielectric, or their size can be set differently.
  • the frontal capacitive coupling of the line sections creates a blocking pole below the pass band.
  • the inner conductor coupling elements are galvanically connected or capacitively coupled to the outer conductor.
  • the inner conductors as well as the coupling devices can be made from a wide variety of inherently electrically conductive materials or from dielectrics with electrically conductive coatings, with the inner conductor also being able to be made from a flat or sheet material, for example such as the branch line.
  • a duplexer consisting of low-pass and high-pass filters can also be constructed, with the high-frequency filter structure according to the invention being used for a high-pass and a conventional filter structure for the low-pass.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Claims (19)

  1. Filtre radiofréquence pour communications radio mobiles à structure coaxiale présentant les particularités suivantes :
    - il est doté d'un conducteur extérieur (1),
    - il est doté d'un ensemble formant conducteur intérieur (5),
    - il est doté d'au moins une ligne de dérivation (7) moyennant laquelle il est établi une liaison électrique entre l'ensemble formant conducteur intérieur (5) et le conducteur extérieur (1),
    - il est doté d'au moins deux sections de conducteur intérieur (5a) qui, entre leurs chants (5b) ou leurs sections terminales (5c), présentent un écart (A) formant un couplage capacitif,
    - il y est prévu, outre le couplage capacitif entre les au moins deux chants de conducteur intérieur (5b) ou les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à couplage capacitif, au moins un autre dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) comportant un élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115),
    - le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) comportant l'élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115) est soit métallique, soit constitué d'un matériau diélectrique doté d'un revêtement métalliquement ou électriquement conducteur,
    - l'élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115) est agencé en coïncidence au moins partielle avec les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) des sections de conducteur intérieur (5b) couplées, produisant deux couplages capacitifs en série, à savoir un premier couplage entre une section terminale de conducteur intérieur (5b) et le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) et un deuxième couplage entre le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) et la section terminale de conducteur intérieur (5c) voisine suivante d'une section terminale de conducteur intérieur (5b) voisine subséquente,
    - la ligne de dérivation (7) s'étend entre l'élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115) et le conducteur extérieur (1),
    - la ligne de dérivation (7) est reliée par voie électro-galvanique à l'élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115), et
    - la ligne de dérivation (7), à son extrémité opposée à l'élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115), est reliée par voie galvanique ou couplée par voie capacitive au conducteur extérieur (1).
  2. Filtre radiofréquence selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) est de conception tubulaire, lesdites sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à coupler pénétrant dans l'espace intérieur (15b) dudit dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15).
  3. Filtre radiofréquence selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) ne s'étend que partiellement dans le sens circonférentiel et présente une section d'ouverture (15d).
  4. Filtre radiofréquence selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) entoure les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à coupler sur une plage circonférentielle de plus de 10°, notamment de plus de 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, 90°, 100°, 110°, 120°, 130°, 140°, 150°, 160°, 170°, 180°, 190°, 200°, 210°, 220°, 230°, 240°, 250°, 260°, 270°, 280°, 290°, 300°, 310°, 320°, 330°, 340°, 350°.
  5. Filtre radiofréquence selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) entoure les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à coupler sur moins de 360°, 350°, 340°, 330°, 320°, 310°, 300°, 290°, 280°, 270°, 260°, 250°, 240°, 230°, 220°, 210°, 200°, 190°, 180°, 170°, 160°, 150°, 140°, 130°, 120°, 110°, 100 °, 90°, 80°, 70°, 60°, 50°, 40°, 30° et notamment moins de 20°.
  6. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à coupler pénètrent selon des profondeurs différentes dans un dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) associé ou coïncident à cet égard selon des longueurs différentes avec le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) associé.
  7. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à coupler sont agencées de manière coaxiale entre elles et, à cet égard, de manière coaxiale ou excentrée par rapport au dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15).
  8. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) à coupler sont agencées de telle manière que leur axe central respectif est en décalage latéral mutuel.
  9. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur extérieur (1), le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) et les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) présentent des diamètres différents, des formes de section transversale différentes et/ou des conceptions différentes, sont notamment en forme de barre, de fourche ou de godet et/ou présentent ou comprennent des diamètres extérieurs et/ou intérieurs différents, des gradins et/ou des ressauts ou bien présentent, dans le sens longitudinal, au moins certaines sections comportant des surfaces extérieures ou intérieures modifiées pour être coniques.
  10. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que
    a) le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15), notamment sous la forme d'un élément de couplage de conducteur intérieur (115), présente une forme de section transversale carrée, rectangulaire, n-polygonale et/ou dotée de sections arquées concaves, et/ou
    b) les sections de surface intérieure ou supérieure (15c) tournées vers les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) respectives sont droites ou bien présentent des surfaces à prolongements angulaires les unes par rapport aux autres ou dotées de sections de surface arquées, et/ou
    c) les sections de surface (15b) éloignées des sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) en direction du conducteur extérieur (1) comprennent des sections de surface droites ou à prolongements angulaires les unes par rapport aux autres ou bien des sections de surface incurvées.
  11. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une ligne de dérivation (7), à son extrémité opposée au dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15), est reliée par voie galvanique au conducteur extérieur (1).
  12. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une ligne de dérivation (7), à son extrémité opposée au dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15), est couplée par voie capacitive au conducteur extérieur (1).
  13. Filtre radiofréquence selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la ligne de dérivation (7) présente une section de ligne de dérivation, de couplage ou de base (7a) qui est de préférence agencée, par l'intermédiaire d'un matériau diélectrique consistant en de l'air ou un matériau solide, dans une cavité de conducteur extérieur (1').
  14. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) sont retenues avec le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) par l'intermédiaire d'un matériau diélectrique (23) solide et/ou les sections de conducteur intérieur (5b) sont retenues avec la surface intérieure de conducteur extérieur (1a) par l'intermédiaire d'un matériau diélectrique solide.
  15. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) est retenu par voie mécanique par le biais de la ligne de dérivation (7) reliée par voie galvanique au conducteur extérieur ou par le biais de la ligne de dérivation (7) couplée par voie capacitive au conducteur extérieur (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un matériau diélectrique (23a).
  16. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs paires, couplées entre elles, de sections de conducteur intérieur (5a) sont montées en série, et en ce qu'un pôle de blocage supplémentaire peut être créé en dessous de la bande passante pour chaque paire de sections de conducteur intérieur (5a) couplées, par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) associé respectif.
  17. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que, en présence de plusieurs paires, couplées en série, de sections de conducteur intérieur (5a), les dispositifs de couplage de conducteur intérieur (15) sont de conception identique ou différente.
  18. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la ligne de dérivation (7) est prévue ou s'étend dans l'espace du conducteur intérieur (21) ou dans un canal de ligne de dérivation (9) orienté en s'en éloignant transversalement, ledit canal de ligne de dérivation (9) étant réalisé dans le matériau du boîtier de conducteur extérieur (10) ou le matériau d'un couvercle de conducteur extérieur (1a).
  19. Filtre radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que les sections terminales de conducteur intérieur (5c) ont été mises en forme de façon identique ou différente et sont ainsi notamment conçues emboîtables entre elles.
EP10728135.4A 2009-07-01 2010-06-22 Filtre à haute fréquence Active EP2449622B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009031373A DE102009031373A1 (de) 2009-07-01 2009-07-01 Hochfrequenzfilter
PCT/EP2010/003803 WO2011000501A1 (fr) 2009-07-01 2010-06-22 Filtre à haute fréquence

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2449622A1 EP2449622A1 (fr) 2012-05-09
EP2449622B1 true EP2449622B1 (fr) 2021-04-07

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US (1) US9240620B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2449622B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101690531B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102473992B (fr)
DE (1) DE102009031373A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1167748A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011000501A1 (fr)

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JP5456992B2 (ja) 2008-06-20 2014-04-02 富士フイルム株式会社 モード同期固体レーザ装置
CN102683779B (zh) * 2012-05-18 2014-09-10 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 通信腔体器件及其椭圆函数型高通滤波通路
CN106463805A (zh) * 2014-03-24 2017-02-22 瑞典爱立信有限公司 同轴滤波器及其制造方法
DE102014116724A1 (de) 2014-11-14 2016-05-19 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Dielektrische Koppelhülse
DE102015006739A1 (de) 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Kathrein-Austria Ges.M.B.H. Hochfrequenzleitersystem mit leitungsgebundener HF-Durchführung
US9590583B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2017-03-07 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Alternating current (AC) coupler for wideband AC signals and related methods
JP2017163535A (ja) * 2016-01-28 2017-09-14 マクドナルド，デットワイラー アンド アソシエイツ コーポレーション アンテナシステムのｒｆコンポーネントのための小型で軽量なｔｅｍラインネットワーク
CN110277614A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-09-24 扬州江嘉科技有限公司 一种具有传输零点的介质同轴低通滤波器
CN118104065A (zh) * 2021-10-13 2024-05-28 日立能源有限公司 高电压设施和在高电压设施中使用的波导

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US9240620B2 (en) 2016-01-19
WO2011000501A1 (fr) 2011-01-06
KR20120111933A (ko) 2012-10-11
DE102009031373A1 (de) 2011-01-05
HK1167748A1 (en) 2012-12-07
EP2449622A1 (fr) 2012-05-09
KR101690531B1 (ko) 2016-12-29
CN102473992A (zh) 2012-05-23
CN102473992B (zh) 2014-06-25
US20120133457A1 (en) 2012-05-31

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