EP2447387A1 - Schließzylinderfeder für eine Uhr - Google Patents

Schließzylinderfeder für eine Uhr Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2447387A1
EP2447387A1 EP11186578A EP11186578A EP2447387A1 EP 2447387 A1 EP2447387 A1 EP 2447387A1 EP 11186578 A EP11186578 A EP 11186578A EP 11186578 A EP11186578 A EP 11186578A EP 2447387 A1 EP2447387 A1 EP 2447387A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrel
spring
alloy
spring according
nivaflex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11186578A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2447387B1 (de
Inventor
Maurizio Tucci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Generale Ressorts SA
Original Assignee
Generale Ressorts SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH17992010A external-priority patent/CH703796B1/fr
Priority claimed from CH00263/11A external-priority patent/CH704471B1/fr
Application filed by Generale Ressorts SA filed Critical Generale Ressorts SA
Publication of EP2447387A1 publication Critical patent/EP2447387A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2447387B1 publication Critical patent/EP2447387B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/14—Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
    • G04B1/145—Composition and manufacture of the springs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical watchmaking and relates to the field of barrel springs used particularly in watches.
  • the energy required for its operation is generally stored in a spring, housed in a barrel and, in fact, called the mainspring.
  • the force supplied is distributed by the escapement and regulated by an oscillator, which is generally a balance-spring.
  • the force to be transmitted by the spring is determined by the characteristics of the movement from which the spring is sized.
  • the diameter of the barrel conditions the number of turns that can comprise the spring, this number of turn being the essential parameter determining the power reserve of the movement, that is to say the maximum duration during which the barrel can operate the movement in correct conditions.
  • Nivaflex® the barrel springs are made almost exclusively in Nivaflex®. Indeed, a barrel spring must meet several fundamental qualities. It must be stainless, non-magnetic, indefatigable, and have a very high coefficient of elasticity. At the moment, Nivaflex® has all these qualities and offers remarkable performances. We note that they occupy a quasi-monopoly position in the market.
  • the present invention aims to allow a significant improvement in the power reserve of a movement, without changing the dimensions of the barrel, nor the elements of the regulating organ.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece cylinder spring as defined in the claims.
  • the invention also relates to a barrel comprising such a spring and a timepiece equipped with such a barrel.
  • the present invention is based on the use for the production of a clock spring of a timepiece, watch, pendulum or the like, of a metal alloy comprising iron and nitrogen in a proportion of between 0.1% by mass. and the limit of its solubility in the metal alloy.
  • the alloy may also include one or more of the following additives: carbon, manganese, chromium, nitrogen, niobium, molybdenum.
  • This kind of alloy is known as steel 1.4452. It is generally used in medical applications, for prostheses, and even in the watch industry for clothing parts, such as bracelets or watch cases. Indeed, this alloy does not contain nickel and is, in fact, well tolerated in allergies. To the knowledge of the applicant, this alloy is not used for its elasticity qualities.
  • the alloy comprises at least iron, in a proportion generally greater than 50% by weight, but without this threshold being mandatory.
  • the alloy also comprises, at least nitrogen, in a proportion ranging from 0.1% up to the limit of its solubility in the alloy. Depending on the other metals composing the alloy, this solubility limit may vary, so that a numerical value is not relevant.
  • the alloy may contain less than 0.15% of carbon. It may also contain, more particularly, between 0.75% and 1% of nitrogen. In addition, the alloy may also contain between 12 and 16% manganese.
  • barrel springs were made to the dimensions of a standard barrel spring, in Nivaflex®.
  • the springs tested have the following dimensions: 1.18x0.115x455 (Mm).
  • Mm 1.18x0.115x455
  • Nivaflex® spring To make a Nivaflex® spring with the required dimensions, one must have a 0.55mm diameter wire. To achieve this dimension, an annealed blank wire with a diameter of 1.1 mm is drawn, which corresponds to an optimal work hardening rate of 65% to 75% and a tensile strength of 2000 MPa at 2200 MPa. Optimal hardening means hardening to obtain an optimum in the ratio between the elasticity and fragility of the material. Thus, with Nivaflex®, it is known that the drawing must not be maximum, because the material becomes too fragile.
  • the optimum work hardening rate is greater than 98%.
  • the steel as used in the context of the invention is available on the market in the form of 1.29mm diameter wire, which corresponds to a work hardening rate of 82%. The following tests have therefore been carried out using such a wire, which points to possible additional improvements starting from a wire which has been hardened.
  • Nivaflex® and 1.4452 steel wires are then laminated and thermally treated at a temperature of 380 ° for 4 hours.
  • Rm means the tensile strength of the spring, the force applied to break it.
  • the value A is the relative elongation of spring during this break.
  • the values M0.5 and M4.8 are the torques provided by the cylinder integrating said spring, respectively when, after having been fully armed, the springs are discharged by 0.5 or 4.8 turns of barrel.
  • the torque provided by the spring is as constant as possible during the disarming of the spring, and that the values M0.5 and M4.8 are as close as possible to one of the 'other.
  • the alloy used to make a spring according to the invention can be further drawn. It was thus drawn to a diameter of 0.18mm. The theoretical values which would be obtained with a cylinder spring of the required dimensions, obtained from a 0.18mm wire drawn, were calculated.
  • this wire still has an elongation at break of 5.9%, so it is likely that it can be drawn further, thus further improving its breaking strength.
  • the figure 1 represents the curves of applied tensile force (in MPa) as a function of relative elongation.
  • the sudden drop in force applied corresponds to the rupture of the blade.
  • Curve a corresponds to a 0.55mm diameter wire Nivaflex® (75% work-hardening)
  • the curve b corresponds to a 1.4452 steel wire of 0.55mm diameter (82% of hardening)
  • curve c corresponds to a steel wire 1.4452 of diameter 0.18mm (98% of work hardening).
  • the shelling consists of making the shell, that is to say the inner end of the mainspring, bent ring-shaped, which is intended to be attached to the barrel shaft.
  • This ratio is in principle greater than or equal to 20.
  • the ring formed by the shell must not be too small relative to the thickness of the leaf spring.
  • the current limit is based on the ductility of Nivaflex®, since the quasi-exclusivity of the barrel springs is made in this material. Thanks to better ductility, 1.4452 steel makes it possible to reduce this ratio.
  • Tests were carried out with a ratio of 12 times, between the diameter of the barrel shaft and the thickness of the blade forming the spring. In the case tested, the reduction of this ratio is concretely translated by a decrease in the diameter of the barrel shaft from 2.40mm to 1.35mm.
  • the Figures 3a and 3b show respectively Nivaflex® and 1.4452 steel springs with a shell made with a ratio of 12 between the diameter of the barrel shaft on which the spring is to be mounted (this diameter corresponds substantially to the inside diameter of the ring formed by the shell), and the thickness of the leaf spring.
  • this diameter corresponds substantially to the inside diameter of the ring formed by the shell
  • the thickness of the leaf spring we can see on the figure 3a that the ductility of Nivaflex® does not allow to obtain a perfectly circular shell to this dimension.
  • the elliptical shape promotes the rupture of the blade at the level of the shell.
  • figure 3b illustrates the possibility of obtaining a shell having a satisfactory circular shape.
  • the figure 2 illustrates torque measurements provided at M0.5 and M4.8. They were made with springs obtained by heat treatments at different temperatures.
  • the curves a and b obtained with Nivaflex® respectively at M0.5 and M4.8 pairs, are relatively steeper than the curves c and d obtained with steel 1.4452, respectively at pairs M0.5 and M4. .8.
  • the decrease in the M0.5-M4.8 deviation is 5% compared to Nivaflex®, resulting in a 25% slope differential.
  • Tests carried out at different temperatures show that, beyond a certain area shown in the graph, the springs obtained are unsatisfactory, either because they are too brittle or because they are not elastic enough. It can be seen that 1.4452 steel offers a much larger working temperature range than Nivaflex®.
  • 1.4452 steel can be worked at lower temperatures, which reduces the energy consumed for its treatment.
  • the temperature range and the slope of the curves obtained with 1.4452 steel allows a simpler definition of the torque research. Indeed, we see that, for the same tolerance, the control of the temperature is less strict to obtain a precise torque.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
EP20110186578 2010-10-28 2011-10-25 Schließzylinderfeder für eine Uhr Active EP2447387B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH17992010A CH703796B1 (fr) 2010-10-28 2010-10-28 Ressort.
CH00263/11A CH704471B1 (fr) 2011-02-15 2011-02-15 Ressort de barillet de pièce d'horlogerie.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2447387A1 true EP2447387A1 (de) 2012-05-02
EP2447387B1 EP2447387B1 (de) 2013-11-13

Family

ID=45065657

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110186578 Active EP2447387B1 (de) 2010-10-28 2011-10-25 Schließzylinderfeder für eine Uhr

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2447387B1 (de)
HK (1) HK1166357A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015002430A1 (de) 2015-02-26 2016-09-01 Gernot Hausch CoNiCrMo-Legierung für Aufzugsfedern in einem mechanischen Uhrwerk
JP2016528377A (ja) * 2013-06-27 2016-09-15 ニヴァロックス−ファー ソシエテ アノニム オーステナイト鋼製の計時器用ばね
EP3176653A1 (de) * 2015-12-03 2017-06-07 Cartier International AG Uhrkomponente, die eine magnetische abschirmfunktion hat und eine stahllegierung umfasst
CN106811670A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-09 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 改进用于钟表应用的铁‑镍‑铬‑锰合金的方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH551492A (de) * 1967-05-13 1974-07-15 Straumann Reinhard Inst Dr Ing Bauelement mit einem von null nur wenig abweichenden temperaturkoeffizienten.
EP0945717A1 (de) * 1998-03-26 1999-09-29 Mettler-Toledo GmbH Elastisch verformbares Bauteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
JP2004308827A (ja) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-04 Sii Micro Parts Ltd ぜんまいの製造方法
WO2010055943A1 (ja) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-20 財団法人電気磁気材料研究所 磁性不感高硬度恒弾性合金及びその製造法、並びにひげぜんまい、機械式駆動装置及び時計

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH551492A (de) * 1967-05-13 1974-07-15 Straumann Reinhard Inst Dr Ing Bauelement mit einem von null nur wenig abweichenden temperaturkoeffizienten.
EP0945717A1 (de) * 1998-03-26 1999-09-29 Mettler-Toledo GmbH Elastisch verformbares Bauteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
JP2004308827A (ja) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-04 Sii Micro Parts Ltd ぜんまいの製造方法
WO2010055943A1 (ja) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-20 財団法人電気磁気材料研究所 磁性不感高硬度恒弾性合金及びその製造法、並びにひげぜんまい、機械式駆動装置及び時計
EP2351864A1 (de) * 2008-11-17 2011-08-03 The Foundation: The Research Institute of Electric and Magnetic Materials Für magnetismus unempfindliche legierung von hoher härte und mit konstantem modulus, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, ausgleichsfeder, mechanische antriebsvorrichtung und uhr

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016528377A (ja) * 2013-06-27 2016-09-15 ニヴァロックス−ファー ソシエテ アノニム オーステナイト鋼製の計時器用ばね
DE102015002430A1 (de) 2015-02-26 2016-09-01 Gernot Hausch CoNiCrMo-Legierung für Aufzugsfedern in einem mechanischen Uhrwerk
CN106811670A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-09 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 改进用于钟表应用的铁‑镍‑铬‑锰合金的方法
CN106811670B (zh) * 2015-12-02 2018-10-19 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 改进用于钟表应用的铁-镍-铬-锰合金的方法
EP3176653A1 (de) * 2015-12-03 2017-06-07 Cartier International AG Uhrkomponente, die eine magnetische abschirmfunktion hat und eine stahllegierung umfasst

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1166357A1 (en) 2012-10-26
EP2447387B1 (de) 2013-11-13

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