EP2440446A1 - Inflatable evacuation ramp and ship rescue equipment including same - Google Patents

Inflatable evacuation ramp and ship rescue equipment including same

Info

Publication number
EP2440446A1
EP2440446A1 EP10737991A EP10737991A EP2440446A1 EP 2440446 A1 EP2440446 A1 EP 2440446A1 EP 10737991 A EP10737991 A EP 10737991A EP 10737991 A EP10737991 A EP 10737991A EP 2440446 A1 EP2440446 A1 EP 2440446A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ramp
inflatable
lateral
stiffening
beams
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10737991A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2440446B1 (en
Inventor
Guillaume Simon Bouhet
Cédric DRONNE
Pascal Michaud
Marc Lavorata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Survitec SAS
Original Assignee
Survitec SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Survitec SAS filed Critical Survitec SAS
Publication of EP2440446A1 publication Critical patent/EP2440446A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2440446B1 publication Critical patent/EP2440446B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/14—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of ramps, gangways or outboard ladders ; Pilot lifts
    • B63B27/143—Ramps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/22—Devices for holding or launching life-buoys, inflatable life-rafts, or other floatable life-saving equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inflatable evacuation manna ramp for evacuating persons from a ship to at least one inflatable life raft (or survival) and a rescue facility for passengers and / or members. of a ship, and comprising at least one inflatable life raft, housed in the deflated and folded state and with associated inflating means in a container, around which is rolled up, in the deflated and folded state, a ramp "manna" inflatable evacuation according to the invention
  • the inflatable evacuation ramp for evacuating persons from a ship to an inflatable life raft comprises three longitudinal multiple beams each having at least two longitudinal strands. , individually inflatable, sohdansed side by side and adjacent along their length, including two lateral beams and a central upper beam, spaced apart from one another transversally to their length and substantially parallel to one another at the state swells, a flexible slide, intended to support people during their evacuation by the ramp, said slide connecting the two lateral beams and continuously extending between them and over the entire length of the ramp, its end inlet, equipped with means of connection to the ship, at its output end, equipped with deformable and releasable connection devices ramp-raft interface; lower struts, comprising inflatable lower struts secured to the two lower side beams and extending under the discharge slide; and lateral spacers, comprising inflatable lateral struts, secured to the central upper beam and the lower side beams, so as to stiffen the ramp
  • the ramp which extends, in the expanded, unfolded and inflated state, between a cradle of storage of the ramp-container assembly housing a deflated and folded raft, fixed on the vessel, and said inflated raft, comprises a carrying structure comprising nine cylindrical longitudinal rolls of circular section, which are individually inflatable (independently of the others) and connected together in three groups of three flanges each, which thus form three longitudinal longitudinal beams for each of which the three corresponding flanges are stacked so that the cross section of the stack is also of substantially triangular shape, the three longitudinal flanges being substantially tangent two two along generatrices and secured to one another along these generators, by gluing or by high-frequency welding uence.
  • the groups of longitudinal flanges are kept spaced apart from each other and braced by flanges swollen diagonal lateral and inferior spacers said.
  • the lateral spacers consist of lateral inflatable tubes contiguous in pairs inclined alternately upstream and downstream, that is to say toward the end respectively of entry and exit of the ramp, with respect to a plane perpendicular to the inflated longitudinal beads.
  • WO2009 / 026631 proposes an inflatable evacuation ramp of generally triangular cross section, comprising a base and two lateral faces, each side face of which consists of a series of contiguous components. self-locking, which block each other so that the ramp is straight when it is inflated in use configuration, and the rest when loaded by at least one person evacuated, from an extended and unloaded position, in which the ramp is prestressed so as to be slightly curved with its convexity upwards.
  • the self-locking components are inflatable components, adjacent and interconnected in series, arranged, in the inflated state, in closed frames of generally triangular shape occupying alternately reversed positions, so that a top of a "triangular" inflated frame is nested between two vertices each belonging to one respectively of the two "triangular" frames immediately adjacent in the se ⁇ e
  • Each inflated frame is, more exactly, a hexagonal frame with three long sides alternated with three small sides, so that each small side connects ends of two long sides of the corresponding "triangular" inflatable frame, and these inflated frames define a lateral face of the ramp extending substantially in the same inclined plane, bearing and fixed against the exte ⁇ eur of the multiple upper longitudinal beam, has three longitudinal inflatable rolls, and one respectively of the two lateral beams They are simple lower, each consisting of a single inflatable longitudinal flange of the ramp.
  • Patent document WO 95/15787 also discloses an inflatable evacuation ramp (see FIGS. 7 and 8 and the corresponding part of the description of this document), of rectangular cross section, with four longitudinal longitudinal beams, each consisting of two inflatable tubes joined side by side, and braced by transverse inflatable tubes constituting infre ⁇ eur spacers and upper spacers, and, as in WO 95/14605, lateral spacers constituted by inflatable tubes connecting the longitudinal beams infre ⁇ eures to the upper longitudinal beams and inclined alternately upstream and downstream, in zigzag A slide extends between the two longitudinal double beams infé ⁇ eures, above the transverse strands of infre ⁇ eur spacers.
  • inflatable members consist of an inflatable bead with a tabular chamber delimited between a cylindrical outer wall and a cyhnd ⁇ que inner wall, which surround the inflatable cylindrical central chamber, for the tensioning of the coil, the ⁇ gidotti is reinforced by a sheet of a semi- ⁇ ide flexible mate ⁇ au which extends in said annular chamber
  • the sufficient rigidity of the ramp depends, to a very large extent, the properties of flexible semi-rigid material arranged in sheet in the annular chambers of the inflatable tubes.
  • This inflatable evacuation ramp is therefore also of a complex structure and a delicate realization, and therefore a very high cost
  • the problem underlying the invention is to provide an inflatable evacuation ramp of generally t ⁇ angular cross section, of the general type known from WO 95/14605, providing performance at least as good as the inflatable evacuation ramps known in terms of secu ⁇ te and speed of evacuation, that is to say of secunt and speed of transfer of people from a ship to at least one life raft or inflatable survival, improving the stiffness or ⁇ gidity of the ramp in the inflated state, and therefore its resistance to deformation under the effect of bending-torsion and / or compression-traction loads due to the movements of the waves, the swell, the wind, as well as non-synchronous movements of pitch and / or roll of the ship and the raft, and relative movements thereof, by improving the structure of the inflatable evacuation ramp of the general type known above
  • Another object of the invention is to improve the ramp structure of the aforementioned general type so as to make the ramp according to the invention more easily and more economically indust ⁇ ahsable, modula ⁇ sant at least partially the structure of said ramp, so, in particular , to facilitate the realization of ramps of different lengths, adapted to the needs, according to the type of ships equipped (cruise ships, in particular cruises, or ferries).
  • Another object of the invention is to improve the inflatable evacuation ramp of the known general type mentioned above, so as to make it advantageously compatible with the large capacity of modern life rafts or survival of large capacity (of the order of 100 people) and / or with platform area of reception, as known from the patent document FR 2 756 809 of the applicant, and / or to make it advantageously compatible with recent evacuation installation developments combining a inflatable evacuation ramp to a container with several inflatable life rafts, as known from the applicant's patent document FR 2 912 111, evacuation installations in which the deflated and folded ramp is wound around the container while being connected to a part to the ship, on the other hand to the single raft in the container or to a first raft in the container, to allow deployment and inflation in sequence or in succession, following the release and the unwinding of the ramp-container assembly, followed by the inflation of the ramp, then the opening of the container and the inflation in sequence of the raft or rafts contained therein
  • the invention proposes an inflatable evacuation ramp, of the general type
  • the compressive / tensile and / or bending / torsion forces urging any one of the three longitudinal multiple beams, or any of the flanges longitudinal such a beam comprises, are introduced into at least one of said rigid stiffening frames lateral and lower spacers and are looped by the closed stiffening frames or frames concerned, so as to be dist ⁇ bués on the other beam (s) (s) longitudinal (s), that is to say, the longitudinal strands it (s) comprises (s) and thus transmitted to the other closed stiffening frames of the ramp, so that thanks to these rigid stiffening frames, relatively concentric stresses soliciting any one of the three longitudinal beams and / or any of said stiff stiffening frames are dist ⁇ bués and distributed over the entire frame of the ramp, as it is constituted by these beams and stiffening frames
  • the lateral and lower spacers to facilitate the production of ramps according to the invention of different lengths, to suit applications on different types of ship, and keeping the general structure of the ramp as defined above,
  • the rigid stiffening frames made by some of the inflatable tubes of the lateral and lower spacers are integrated in said stiffening modules, the number of which is chosen, to achieve a ramp of a given length, depending on this length of the ramp and the unit length of said stiffening modules.
  • each stiffening module is a compartmentalized assembly consisting of several inflatable structures integral with each other, each inflatable structure delimiting a compartment watertight and individually inflatable relative to the other compartments of said assembly
  • each stiffening module comprises at least one inflatable structure forming, in the inflated state, a hexagonal closed stiffening frame, comprising three long strands, constituting two lateral struts and a lower strut, alternating with three short strands. , constituting two lower lateral connections of the lateral ends of the lower spacer to the lower ends of the side struts, and a short upper strut, connecting the upper ends of the two side struts
  • the hexagonal closed stiffening frames of all the stiffening modules of the ramp define, together, substantially a hexagonal cross-sectional area, that is to say 6 facets (3 large and 3 small) which not only have the advantage of to wrap closer to the three multiple longitudinal beams, especially when each of them is constituted by the stack of three inflatable longitudinal strands, with a cross section of the stack of substantially triangular shape, but also and especially provide a great rigidity at the ramp, which is due to the relatively large number of facets.
  • each stiffening module has, in the inflated state, a generally external shape of hollow truncated pyramid with a square or rectangular base, the inclined edges of which are formed by lateral struts of struts. delimiting two substantially triangular opposite lateral faces, an upstream face facing towards the inlet end of the ramp, and a downstream face facing the exit end of the ramp, also opposite and substantially triangular, the upstream faces and downstream being traversed by the three longitudinal beams and the slideway, and the base of each stiffening module is formed by an upstream lower spacer strand and a lower downstream spacer strand which, in the inflated state of the stiffener module, are braced; by a substantially x-shaped spacer extending under the two lower side beams and the slide
  • each stiffening module of the ramp comprises, in the state inflated, an outer hexagonal frame upstream and a downstream outer hexagonal frame, each constituting an independent inflatable structure, doubled, along its two long side struts and three short bulges, and towards the inside of the module, by two long flanges and three short flanges homologous respectively to an upstream inner polygonal frame and a downstream inner polygonal frame, each constituting another independent inflatable structure, and each also comprising a flared bottom U-shaped flange connected by the ends of the flanges.
  • each lower U-section is secured along the length of the base of the U to the base of the U of the lower flange homologous to the other inner polygonal frame, to form the spacer substantially x of the base of said stiffener module.
  • each stiffening module therefore comprises four independent inflatable structures, that is to say that each is inflated independently of the others, for the sake of safety, two of these four inflatable structures being hexagonal frames, while the other two are frames that each double one of the hexagonal frames on a part of its perimeter, and, at the base level, participates in the constitution of the spacer in x, which violates the bases of the two hexagonal frames.
  • said ramp advantageously comprises, at each of its two ends, one respectively two stiffening modules end portions which are more rigid in the inflated state than intermediate stiffening modules mounted between the two end stiffener modules.
  • each end stiffening module comprises a greater number of independent inflatable structures than each intermediate stiffening module.
  • At least one end stiffener module may advantageously comprise at least two inflatable structures independent, additional, each of overturned overall V-shaped, and consisting of two long struts of lateral strut and a short flange of shorter upper strut, which are secured along their length respectively on the outside of the two long strands of lateral strut and short upper strut short strand of one respectively upstream and downstream outer frames, so that said at least one end stiffener module comprises at least six independent inflatable structures.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous in that the end modules as the intermediate modules all have a basic structure which is common to them, and which is that of an intermediate module to which are simply added the two additional independent inflatable structures V shaped each inverted, to obtain an end module from an intermediate module On such a ramp, and always for the sake of safety, in order to prevent
  • Damage (tearing or piercing) of one of the longitudinal inflatable strands causes the loss of rigidity of a boom section, by deflation not only of this longitudinal coil, but also of inflatable structures homologous to several adjacent stiffening modules, said structures homologous inflatable parts of two adjacent modules of the ramp are mainly connected by individual inflating means to longitudinal inflatable strands different from said longitudinal beams
  • each inflatable structure of each of two or even three adjacent stiffening modules would be connected by individual inflating means to a respective longitudinal inflatable strand of the longitudinal beams.
  • the number of beams being limited to 3, and the number longitudinally inflatable strands by beams being also limited, for example, to 3, according to a good cost-effectiveness compromise, the application of the ideal rule above would lead to the realization of stiffening modules having too few inflatable structures to ensure a good security, or, conversely, with stiffening modules having a sufficiently large number of independent inflatable structures, for a good security, it turns out that the total number of longitudinal inflatable rolls longitudinal beams is insufficient for each of them ensures the inflating a single inflatable structure of only one of two or three adjacent stiffening modules For this reason, the technical measurement according to which at least a majority of the homologous inflatable structures of two adjacent stiffening modules is connected by individual inflating means, specific to each inflatable structure, to longitudinal inflatable tubes different from the beams. longitudinal, was adopted
  • the exit end of the ramp In order to facilitate the attachment of the ramp to the raft, it is advantageous for the exit end of the ramp to include an inflatable transverse flange of downstream end, which is secured by two spaced zones against the downstream ends of longitudinal inflatable flanges of the two. lower lateral beams, and which extends laterally and downward, beyond its zones of sohda ⁇ sation to the two beams lateral imitators of the ramp, by two inflatable and curved end extensions, allowing an extension of the contact zone between the ramp and said raft to ensure good contact between them.
  • the means of sohda ⁇ sation are, advantageously, removable mechanical fasteners (or removable) capable of ensuring non-continuous sohda ⁇ sation between the inflatable tubes of the longitudinal beams and the inflatable spacer tubes lateral and better
  • the invention also relates to a rescue installation, for the passengers and / or crew members of a ship, comprising, in a known manner and as already mentioned above, at least one inflatable life raft, housed at the deflated and folded state and with associated inflating means in a container, around which is wound, in the deflated and folded state, an inflatable evacuation ramp, an inlet end of which is attached to the ship by means link and an outlet end attached to a raft in the container by deformable and releasable connecting devices ramp-raft interface, the rescue installation according to the invention being such that said ramp is a ramp according to the invention and as presented above.
  • the deformable and releasable connection devices ramp-raft interface of the installation according to the invention are two lateral assemblies, each mounted close to one respectively of the two lateral edges of the exit end of the ramp, and each comprising two releasable connecting devices of the known type called "three rings", remote triggering, such as pneumatic or pyrotechnic, or manual and local, connected to the ramp by straps and said raft by other straps attached at least one ring of said three-ring devices
  • the installation according to the invention may be such that the assembly constitutes the container, containing at least one raft and its inflation means, and the ramp wrapped around the container is housed in a storage cradle, fixed on the deck of the ship and of known structure, already used for
  • the installation according to the invention is such that said ramp-container assembly is housed in a storage cradle and to release said assembly, the cradle being intended to be fixed on the deck of said vessel, the cradle comprising a thrust plate, a concave front face adapted to push said assembly on an overflow sliding plate, adapted to protrude from the deck of said vessel, and a tilting plate, to ensure the release and deployment of the container-ramp assembly with clearance from the deck edge of the vessel
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view. an inflatable evacuation ramp according to the invention, deployed and inflated between a ship, of the ferry type, and an inflatable liferaft, to which the outlet end or infer ⁇ eure of the ramp is connected by deformable connecting devices and releasable ramp-raft interface shown in detail VIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the inflatable evacuation ramp of FIG. 1, in the expanded and inflated state, shown without slideway so as not to mask the structure of the base of the inflatable framework of this ramp,
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are diagrammatic representations in perspective respectively of the upper end stiffening module, of an intermediate stiffening module and of a deformable and releasable ramp-raft connecting device, which are the subject of the details.
  • Ha, Hb, and Hc in Figure 2 are diagrammatic representations in perspective respectively of the upper end stiffening module, of an intermediate stiffening module and of a deformable and releasable ramp-raft connecting device, which are the subject of the details.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the ramp of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of the ramp of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the ramp of FIG. 2 along the inclined section plane V-V of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the end stiffening module of FIG. 2a, as constituted by two elements or symmetrical halves, before their assembly, each half or symmetrical element being composed of three independent inflatable structures,
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic exploded perspective view of the end stiffener module of FIG. 2a showing its 6 independent inflatable structures, both of which at the ends are superfluous for the production of an intermediate stiffening module according to FIG. 2b;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic perspective view of detail VIII of FIG. 1 with partial cutaway of the upper peripheral flange of the raft; and - Figures 9 and 10 are enlarged schematic views of the details respectively
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents, in perspective, an inflatable evacuation ramp 1 of the invention, in an expanded and inflated configuration between a ship 2, such as a ferry, and an inflatable liferaft 3, also in the deployed state and inflated, releasably attached to the lower end or exit of the ramp 1 by deformable and releasable connection devices ramp-raft interface, shown together in detail VIII of Figure 1, and described below in greater detail with reference to Figures 8 to 10, while the other end of the ramp 1, which is its upper end or inlet, is connected to a cradle 4 for storage and release, mounted on the vessel 2, for storing the assembly consisting of the ramp 1, in the deflated and folded state, and the raft 3, also deflated and folded in a container (not shown), around which the ramp 1 is wound , in trust storage management, prior to release, on a deck of the vessel 2
  • a ship 2 such as a ferry
  • an inflatable liferaft 3 also in the deployed state and inflated, releasably attached to the lower end or exit of
  • the structure of the ramp 1 comprises a framework comprising three longitudinal longitudinal beams, one of which is an upper beam 5, in a substantially central position above the other two, which are lower lateral beams 6, between which is fixed and extended on the entire length of the ramp 1, a flexible slide 7, intended to support people evacuated by the ramp 1, arranged toboggan
  • Each of the three longitudinal triple beams 5 and 6 comprises three longitudinal tubes 8, each in the form of an elongate cylinder of circular cross-section, individually inflatable (i.e., inflatable independently of the others), stacked one above the other two so that they are tangent two by two along their length, and thus joined together and side by side, for example step by step and not continuously along their length, by links such as rings, collars or flexible bands glued or secured around the three strands 8 of each beam, for example by an adhesive or by high frequency welding, so that the cross section of each beam 5 or 6 has substantially an equilateral triangle shape, in the inflated state
  • the frame of the ramp 1 com also carries a plurality of stiffening modules
  • stiffening modules the number of which determines the length of the ramp 1
  • stiffening modules 9 are of two different types, namely end stiffening modules 9, between which intermediate stiffening modules 10, for example 3 in number, are mounted between them.
  • end stiffener modules 9, for an inflatable ramp 1 with a total length of 14.5 m, in the particular example represents
  • the two end stiffener modules 9 are identical to each other, and as shown in FIG. 2a, corresponding to the end module 9.
  • upper detail Ha of Figure 2 and the intermediate stiffening modules 10 are also identical to each other and as shown in Figure 2b, corresponding to the intermediate module 10 of the middle of the ramp 1, according to the detail Hb of Figure 2
  • Each of the two types of stiffener modules 9, 10 is a compartmentalized assembly consisting of 6 inflatable structures for the end stiffener 9 and four inflatable structures for the intermediate stiffener 10, which are integral with each other, and each of which delimits one of respectively six or four sealed compartments, each of which is individually inflatable relative to the other compartments of the stiffener module 9 or 10 corresponding.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 represent, diagrammatically and in perspective, the two constituent symmetrical halves of the end module 9, each being composed of three independent inflatable structures secured before the assembly of the two halves in FIG. 6, and in FIG.
  • each half 9a or 9b comprises an inflatable structure constituting, in the inflated state, a closed stiffening frame 1 1, hexagonal and said external, because located towards the outside of the stiffening module 9, as also of the stiffener module 10 for reasons which will appear hereinafter, when the stiffener 9 or 10 is assembled on the ramp 1.
  • This hexagonal closed stiffening frame 1 1 consists, in alternative succession, of three long tubes, 12, 13 and 14, identical to each other.
  • Each half 9a or 9b of the end stiffener module 9 also comprises a second independent inflatable structure, constituted by another closed polygonal stiffening frame, said internal, because disposed towards the inside of the module 9 with respect to the external hexagonal frame 1 1, and which comprises two long strands 19 and 20, identical to each other and to the long strands 12 and 13 of the hexagonal frame 1 1, so as to also constitute lateral struts, connected to each other at their upper ends by a short coil 21, forming a short upper spacer identical to the upper support 15 of the frame 1 1, while the lower ends of the two long strands 19 and 20 lateral strut of the frame 18 extend downwards each by respectively one of two short strands 22 and 23, identical to each other and to the short flanges 16 and 17 of the frame 1 1, to form connections at the ends of the branches of a flange infé ⁇ eur 24, flared U-shaped, closing the frame 18 and directed towards the lower U-shaped flange 24 of the frame 18 of the other half 9a or
  • each half 9a and 9b of the stiffening module 9 comprises, outside the polygonal frame 1 1, relative to the center of the module 9, a third independent inflatable structure 26, inverted V-shaped, consisting of two long tubes 27 and 28 of lateral strut, identical to each other and to the long strands 12 and 13 of the frame 1 1 and 19 and 20 of the frame 18, and connected to each other by a short bead 29 of upper spacer, identical to the short upper spacers 15 and 21 of the frames 1 1 and 18
  • the reverse structure 26 V thus reinforces the assembly constituted by the frames 1 1 and 18 by doubling, externally, the lateral spacers 12 and 13 and the upper spacer 15, against which are glued over their entire length respectively the lateral struts 27 and 28 and the short supeneur spacer 29 of the structure 26 inverted V.
  • the two lower U-shaped flanges 24 constitute an X spacer extending in the same plane as the two lower spacers 14 of the two frames 1 1, so as to counteract the base of the stiffener module 9 thus formed, which has, in the inflated state, the general external shape of a truncated hollow pyramid, with a square or rectangular base, whose inclined ridges are formed by the lateral spacer strands 12, 13, 19, 20 and 27, 28 of the two closed stiffening frames 1 1 and 18 and structure 26 inverted V.
  • Each intermediate stiffening module 10, as shown in Figure 2b, is distinguished from the end stiffener module 9 of Figures 2a, 6 and 7, by the removal of the two inflatable end structures 26 inverted V.
  • all that has just been said for the construction and the structure of an end stiffener module 9 can be repeated for the construction and the structure of an intermediate stiffener module 10, in particular the embodiment in two identical halves and symmetrical solidarized being contiguous face to face, with the only difference that each half has only two independent inflatable structures that constitute a hexagonal closed stiffening frame 11 and a closed polygonal stiffening frame 18, the X spacer for the bracing of the base of the intermediate stiffening module 10 being made strictly in the same manner as for the stiffening module 9.
  • each intermediate stiffening module 10 also has, in the inflated state, the general external shape of a truncated hollow pyramid with a square or rectangular base, the inclined edges of which are formed by the lateral strut rods 12, 13 and 19, 20 of the two frames 11 and the two frames 18 of such a module 10, thus comprising four independent inflatable structures, while each end stiffener module 9 has six.
  • the flanges 12, 13, 19 and 20 and, where appropriate, 27 and 28 delimit two substantially triangular opposite lateral faces, as well as two opposite and substantially triangular faces which are, when the modules 9 and 10 are mounted around the three longitudinal beams 5, 6 and the slide 7, and secured to the longitudinal flanges 8 of the longitudinal beams 5 and 6, one an upstream face, facing the inlet end of the ramp 1, and the other a downstream face, turned towards the output end of this ramp 1.
  • the upstream and downstream faces are the faces of each of the stiffening modules 9 and 10 which are traversed by the three longitudinal beams 5 and 6 and the slider 7 of the ramp 1.
  • each stiffening module 9 or 10 is thus formed by a lower strut 14 of spacer, located Upstream, and a mte ⁇ eure spacer strand 14 located downstream, and these two flanges 14 are, in the inflated state of the corresponding stiffener module 9 or 10, braced by the substantially X-shaped spacer formed by the connection of the two flanges U-shaped flared bottom 24 of said module, this X spacer extending under the two lateral lower beams 6 and the slide 7.
  • each of the two end stiffener modules 9 is more rigid, in the inflated state, than each of the intermediate stiffening modules 10, which are mounted simply contiguous to each other by their base and without mechanical connection or between them m to the two end modules 9, between the latter two, because each of the end modules 9 comprises a greater number of independent inflatable structures than each intermediate stiffening module 10.
  • stiffening modules 9 and 10 are not secured to each other or connected to each other by inflation means, each of them is connected to longitudinal tubes 8 of the three longitudinal beams 5 and 6 by means of sohda ⁇ sation, as well as some of the longitudinal tubes 8 of these beams 5 and 6 by inflation means.
  • each of the four or six independent inflatable structures of each of the intermediate or end stiffener modules 9 is connected by inflating means to one of four or six of the nine longitudinal struts 8, respectively, which comprise the three longitudinal beams. 5 and 6, and furthermore, considering any pair of two adjacent stiffening modules 10 or 9 and 10, a majority of inflatable structures independent of one of these two modules is connected to inflatable tubes 8 longitudinal beams 5 and 6 which are different from those to which are connected by inflating means the inflatable structures homologous to the other of these two modules
  • the two independent inflatable structures formed by the two closed stiffening frames Hexagonal 1 1 upstream of these two modules are not inflated from the same longitudinal coil 8, to prevent the ramp section 1 at these two modules 9 and 10 is too substantially deflated by damage to the same longitudinal coil 8 which feeds inflation gas two independent but homologous inflatable structures of these two modules or two inflatable structures of the same module 9 or 10
  • the bottom of the ramp 1, at its outlet end, comprises an inflatable transverse coil 30 of downstream end, which is secured against the downstream ends of the lower inflatable longitudinal beads 8 of the two lower lateral beams 6, by two zones spaced therefrom.
  • transverse coil 30, which extends laterally and downward, beyond said zones of attachment to the flanges 8 of the beams 6 of the ramp 1, by two end extensions 31, which are inflatable and curved, so as to ensure good contact between the lower end of the ramp 1 and the raft 3, and possibly by the at least partial engagement of these two end extensions 31 inflated over and behind a portion of the upper flotation rod 33 of the raft 3
  • This transverse bead 30 and its end extensions 31, as well as their positions relative to the lower side beams 6 are shown in Figures 2 and 2c.
  • the securing means are advantageously removable mechanical fastening devices of a well-known type, each comprising an externally threaded tubular endpiece allowing a connection screwed to two sealed connections each attached to one respectively two inflatable tubes to be secured to one another.
  • the central passage of the tubular endpiece is closed with sealing, when this device must only be used to ensure a removable and non-continuous mechanical fastening between an inflatable bead 8 of a longitudinal beam 5 or 6 and an inflatable bead of a module stiffener 9 or 10, and for the Attaching the stiffening modules 9 and 10 to the inflatable tubes 8 of the beams 5 and 6, it is not essential to provide such a removable mechanical fastening device to each contact zone or point of tangency between two inflatable tubes to be secured
  • These devices of fastening externally threaded tubular end are advantageous because, by releasing the central passage of the tubular end, the removable mechanical fastening device can simultaneously constitute a pneumatic interconnection device between the two flanges thus mechanically connected one to the other, so that the inflation of one of the two flanges can be made from the other It is thus that the different flanges constituting the independent inflatable structures of the different stiffening modules 9 and 10 are not only mechanically attached to the flanges 8 of the beams 5 and 6, but
  • associating at least one inflatable life raft with an inflatable evacuation ramp it is distinguished essentially only by the structure of the ramp 1 itself from those already described in WO 95 / 14605 and shown unfolded and inflated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and being deployed and inflated in FIG. 3 of this document, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, in FR 2 912 11 1 of the Applicant, and shown in storage configuration in FIG. 6, being deployed and inflated in FIG. 7 and finally in use configuration in FIG. 8 of this document
  • the deformable and releasable connecting devices of the ramp 1 -radle 3 interface may be those used in similar rescue installations of the state of the art
  • These devices 32 are two lateral assemblies, each of which is mounted on the face of the transverse inflatable flange 30 of downstream end which is turned towards the raft 3, and more precisely towards the upper part of the upper float flange 33 (partially cut on the 8 and 9) of the raft 3, and each of these two devices 32 is mounted on one respectively of two zones of the coil 30 which are located near the two side edges of the outlet end of the ramp 1, substantially at the level where the transverse coil 30 is secured to the
  • the connecting device 32 is double and comprises two three-ring mechanisms 34, each connected by a strap 35 to a webbing plate 36, which is a rigid plate attached to a corresponding side portion of the transverse web 30 and which has webbing passages.
  • a webbing plate 36 which is a rigid plate attached to a corresponding side portion of the transverse web 30 and which has webbing passages.
  • the presence of this plate 36 is not essential, but preferred for the case of a connection of the ramp 1 with a raft 3 of large capacity.
  • each mechanism 34 comprises a so-called "three-ring elevator" 37, including a large ring or shackle 38 is connected by a strap (not shown) to the raft 3, this strap making, for example, around the upper flange 33 of the raft 3 to be attached at its other end to the large ring or shackle 38 of the other mechanism 34 With three rings of the same device 32.
  • Each shackle 38 connected to the raft 3 is intended to receive a ring 39 of medium size at the end of a loop of the strap 35, and this middle ring 39 folded towards the strap 35 is it -even crossed by a small ring 40 retained by another loop secured to the strap 35 and itself bearing a loop through a plate also secured to the strap 35 and so that the part of this loop that protruding above the plate is crossed by a retaining member, such as a pyrotechnic release system 41 called "pyrotechnic knife” which allows, by a remote control, to release the loop, the release of which causes the release of the small ring 40, which can be released from the middle ring 39 which, in turn, can be released from the shackle 38 thus ensuring the release, at the device 32, the raft 3 relative to the ramp 1
  • the other three-ring mechanism is identical and also controlled remotely, for its release, by another pyrotechnic release system
  • the remote triggering can be provided by a pneumatic actuator, and, in another variant, the trigger can be performed manually by an operator in the raft 3.
  • the rescue installation of the invention preferably comprises a cradle for storing and releasing 4 of the assembly consisting of a container, containing at least one raft such as 3 and its inflation means, and the ramp 1 wound around this container.
  • This cradle 4 may comprise a thrust plate, concave front face, to push at least a portion of the raft ramp-container assembly on a sliding plate 42, which slides on the base plate of the cradle 4 covering the bottles of inflating the ramp 1, this sliding plate 42 overflowing, projecting from the deck of the ship 2, for the release of the ramp-container raft assembly with a clearance from the deck edge of the ship 2, after a tilting plate has brought said assembly on the sliding plate 42 causing a beginning of unwinding of the upper end portion of the ramp 1.
  • the latter can be deployed and inflated without risk of interference or snagging with organs or surface accident on the hull of the ship 2, right of the cradle 4 storage and release.

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a ramp (1) that includes three longitudinal beams (5, 6) each including at least two inflatable tubes (8) braced by inflatable tubes of side and lower struts arranged as closed stiffening inflatable frames (11, 18) having a polygon shape at the inflated state and surrounding the longitudinal beams (5, 6) to which the tubes of the stiffening frames (11, 18) are connected by connection means and inflation means.

Description

RAMPE D'EVACUATION GONFLABLE, ET INSTALLATION DE SAUVETAGE POUR NAVIRE, LA COMPRENANT. INFLATABLE EXHAUST RAMP, AND RESCUE INSTALLATION FOR SHIP, COMPRISING SAME.
La présente invention concerne une rampe « manne » d'évacuation gonflable, pour évacuer des personnes d'un navire vers au moins un radeau de sauvetage (ou survie) gonflable, ainsi qu'une installation de sauvetage, pour les passagers et/ou membres d'équipage d'un navire, et comprenant au moins un radeau de sauvetage gonflable, loge à l'état dégonflé et plié et avec des moyens de gonflage associés dans un conteneur, autour duquel est enroulée, a l'état dégonflé et plié, une rampe « manne » d'évacuation gonflable selon l'inventionThe present invention relates to an inflatable evacuation manna ramp for evacuating persons from a ship to at least one inflatable life raft (or survival) and a rescue facility for passengers and / or members. of a ship, and comprising at least one inflatable life raft, housed in the deflated and folded state and with associated inflating means in a container, around which is rolled up, in the deflated and folded state, a ramp "manna" inflatable evacuation according to the invention
On connaît déjà des rampes «mannes » d'évacuation gonflable, du type général présenté ci-dessus, ainsi que des installations de sauvetage comprenant une telle rampe d'évacuation gonflable et un conteneur contenant au moins un radeau de sauvetage gonflable, et des moyens de gonflage associes, également comme présente ci-dessus En particulier, le document de brevet WO 95/14605 divulgue une installation d'évacuation « manne » comprenant une rampe d'évacuation gonflable reliée à un radeau de sauvetage gonflable par des dispositifs de liaisons libérables d'interface rampe-radeau, qui sont des dispositifs de liaison déformables pour permettre des mouvements relatifs de la rampe et du radeau, l'ensemble du système d'évacuation pouvant être facilement déployé et gonflé dans un court intervalle de temps, inféneur à 2 minutes, bien qu'il comprenne un radeau de grande capacité, capable de recevoir, par exemple, de l'ordre d'une centaine de passagersAlready known ramps "manna" inflatable evacuation, of the general type presented above, as well as rescue facilities comprising such an inflatable evacuation ramp and a container containing at least one inflatable life raft, and means In particular, the patent document WO 95/14605 discloses a "manna" evacuation installation comprising an inflatable evacuation ramp connected to an inflatable liferaft by releasable connection devices. Ramp-raft interface, which are deformable connecting devices to allow relative movements of the ramp and raft, the entire evacuation system can be easily deployed and inflated in a short time interval, infeneur 2 minutes, although it includes a raft of large capacity, capable of receiving, for example, of the order of a hundred passengers
Dans l'installation de sauvetage «manne » divulguée dans WO 95/14605, la rampe d'évacuation gonflable, pour évacuer des personnes depuis un navire vers un radeau de sauvetage gonflable, comprend trois poutres longitudinales multiples, comportant chacune au moins deux boudins longitudinaux, individuellement gonflables, sohdansés côte a côte et adjacents sur leur longueur, dont deux poutres mfeneures latérales et une poutre supeneure centrale, espacées l'une de l'autre tiansversalement a leur longueur et sensiblement parallèles l'une a l'autre a l'état gonfle , une glissière souple, destinée a supporter des personnes pendant leur évacuation par la rampe, ladite glissière reliant les deux poutres mfeneures latérales et s 'étendant en continu entre elles et sur toute la longueur de la rampe, de son extrémité d'entrée, équipée de moyens de liaison au navire, à son extrémité de sortie, équipée de dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau ; des entretoises inférieures, comportant des boudins inférieurs gonflables solidarisés aux deux poutres inférieures latérales et s'étendant sous Ia glissière d'évacuation ; et des entretoises latérales, comportant des boudins latéraux gonflables, solidarisés à la poutre supérieure centrale et aux poutres inférieures latérales, de sorte à rigidifïer la structure de la rampe, à l'état gonflé, en lui conférant une section transversale, sensiblement perpendiculairement aux poutres longitudinales, de forme globale triangulaire.In the "manna" rescue facility disclosed in WO 95/14605, the inflatable evacuation ramp for evacuating persons from a ship to an inflatable life raft comprises three longitudinal multiple beams each having at least two longitudinal strands. , individually inflatable, sohdansed side by side and adjacent along their length, including two lateral beams and a central upper beam, spaced apart from one another transversally to their length and substantially parallel to one another at the state swells, a flexible slide, intended to support people during their evacuation by the ramp, said slide connecting the two lateral beams and continuously extending between them and over the entire length of the ramp, its end inlet, equipped with means of connection to the ship, at its output end, equipped with deformable and releasable connection devices ramp-raft interface; lower struts, comprising inflatable lower struts secured to the two lower side beams and extending under the discharge slide; and lateral spacers, comprising inflatable lateral struts, secured to the central upper beam and the lower side beams, so as to stiffen the ramp structure, in the inflated state, by giving it a cross section, substantially perpendicular to the beams longitudinal, triangular overall shape.
Dans l'exemple de rampe d'évacuation gonflable décrite en référence aux figures 1, 2 et 4 à 6 de WO 95/14605, la rampe, qui s'étend, à l'état déployé, déplié et gonflé, entre un berceau de stockage de l'ensemble rampe-conteneur logeant un radeau dégonflé et plié, fixé sur le navire, et ledit radeau gonflé, comporte une structure porteuse comprenant neuf boudins longitudinaux cylindriques de section circulaire, qui sont gonflables chacun individuellement (indépendamment des autres) et liés ensemble en trois groupes de trois boudins chacun, qui forment ainsi trois poutres longitudinales triples pour chacune desquelles les trois boudins correspondants sont empilés de sorte que la section transversale de l'empilement soit également de forme sensiblement triangulaire, les trois boudins longitudinaux étant sensiblement tangents deux à deux le long de génératrices et solidarisés l'un à l'autre le long de ces génératrices, par collage ou par soudage à haute fréquence. A l'état gonflé de la rampe, les groupes de boudins longitudinaux sont maintenus espacés les uns des autres et contreventés par des boudins gonflés d'entretoises latérales et inférieures dites diagonales. Les entretoises latérales sont constituées de boudins gonflables latéraux accolés par paires inclinées alternativement vers l'amont et vers l'aval, c'est-à-dire vers l'extrémité respectivement d'entrée et de sortie de la rampe, par rapport à un plan perpendiculaire aux boudins longitudinaux gonflés.In the example of inflatable evacuation ramp described with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 4 to 6 of WO 95/14605, the ramp, which extends, in the expanded, unfolded and inflated state, between a cradle of storage of the ramp-container assembly housing a deflated and folded raft, fixed on the vessel, and said inflated raft, comprises a carrying structure comprising nine cylindrical longitudinal rolls of circular section, which are individually inflatable (independently of the others) and connected together in three groups of three flanges each, which thus form three longitudinal longitudinal beams for each of which the three corresponding flanges are stacked so that the cross section of the stack is also of substantially triangular shape, the three longitudinal flanges being substantially tangent two two along generatrices and secured to one another along these generators, by gluing or by high-frequency welding uence. In the inflated state of the ramp, the groups of longitudinal flanges are kept spaced apart from each other and braced by flanges swollen diagonal lateral and inferior spacers said. The lateral spacers consist of lateral inflatable tubes contiguous in pairs inclined alternately upstream and downstream, that is to say toward the end respectively of entry and exit of the ramp, with respect to a plane perpendicular to the inflated longitudinal beads.
Dans le document de brevet WO 2009/026631, du même déposant que WO 95/14605 et qui a également pour objet une rampe marine d'évacuation gonflable de section transversale de forme générale triangulaire, un état de la technique selon WO 95/14605 est représentée sur les figures 3 et 4 et décrit en référence à ces figures comme étant une rampe gonflable d'évacuation marine dont les ensembles d'entretoises latérales en boudins gonflables doublés et inclinés, utilisés pour renforcer les côtés latéraux de la rampe, ne sont pas reliés les uns aux autres, et n'ont pas pour résultat d'empêcher des mouvements de la rampe conduisant a son fléchissement et affaissement sous l'effet de son poids propre, même en l'absence de charge supplémentaire de toute personne évacuée, ce qui constitue un inconvénient majeur, car le πsque de déformation de la rampe en vrille ou par pincement sous les charges de flexion et/ou torsion subies s'en trouve augmenté, ce qui rend la rampe impropre à une utilisation sécurisée, à laquelle elle était destinéeIn the patent document WO 2009/026631, of the same applicant as WO 95/14605 and which also relates to a marine inflatable evacuation ramp of generally triangular cross section, a state of the art according to WO 95/14605 is 3 and 4 and described with reference to these figures as being an inflatable marine evacuation ramp whose lateral struts sets in doubled and inclined inflatable tubes, used to reinforce the lateral sides of the ramp, are not connected to each other, and do not result in preventing movements of the ramp leading to its sagging and sagging under the effect of its own weight, even in the absence of any additional load of any evacuated person, which is a major drawback, because the πsque deformation of the ramp spin or pinch under the bending and / or torsion loads incurred s is increased, which makes the ramp unsuitable for secure use, for which it was intended
Pour remédier aux inconvénients des réalisations selon WO 95/14605, WO2009/026631 propose une rampe d'évacuation gonflable de section transversale de forme générale triangulaire, comportant une base et deux faces latérales, dont chaque face latérale est constituée par une séπe de composants accolés autobloquants, qui se bloquent mutuellement de sorte que la rampe soit rectiligne quant elle est gonflée en configuration d'utilisation, et le reste quand elle est chargée par au moins une personne évacuée, à partir d'une position déployée et déchargée, dans laquelle la rampe est précontrainte de sorte à être légèrement cintrée en présentant sa convexité vers le haut. Les composants autobloquants sont des composants gonflables, adjacents et interconnectés en série, agencés, à l'état gonflé, en cadres fermés de forme générale triangulaire occupant des positions alternativement inversées, de sorte qu'un sommet d'un cadre « triangulaire » gonflé soit imbriqué entre deux sommets appartenant chacun à l'un respectivement des deux cadres « triangulaires » immédiatement adjacents dans la séπe Chaque cadre gonflé est, plus exactement, un cadre hexagonal à trois grands côtés alternés avec trois petits côtés, de sorte que chaque petit côté relie des extrémités de deux grands côtés du cadre gonflable « triangulaire » correspondant, et ces cadres gonflés définissent une face latérale de la rampe s'étendant sensiblement dans un même plan incliné, en appui et fixe contre l'exteπeur de la poutre longitudinale supérieure multiple, a trois boudins longitudinaux gonflables, et de l'une respectivement des deux poutres latérales inférieures simples, chacune constituée d'un unique boudin longitudinal gonflable de la rampe On comprend que la réalisation d'une rampe d'évacuation gonflable de structure autoportante de ce type, dont les faces latérales sont chacune constituée d'une seπe de cadres gonflables adjacents se bloquant mutuellement pour que la rampe soit rectiligne, lorsqu'elle est gonflée et déployée en configuration d'utilisation, et éventuellement chargée de personnes a évacuer, est d'une structure complexe et d'une réalisation délicate, donc particulièrement coûteuseTo overcome the disadvantages of the embodiments according to WO 95/14605, WO2009 / 026631 proposes an inflatable evacuation ramp of generally triangular cross section, comprising a base and two lateral faces, each side face of which consists of a series of contiguous components. self-locking, which block each other so that the ramp is straight when it is inflated in use configuration, and the rest when loaded by at least one person evacuated, from an extended and unloaded position, in which the ramp is prestressed so as to be slightly curved with its convexity upwards. The self-locking components are inflatable components, adjacent and interconnected in series, arranged, in the inflated state, in closed frames of generally triangular shape occupying alternately reversed positions, so that a top of a "triangular" inflated frame is nested between two vertices each belonging to one respectively of the two "triangular" frames immediately adjacent in the seπe Each inflated frame is, more exactly, a hexagonal frame with three long sides alternated with three small sides, so that each small side connects ends of two long sides of the corresponding "triangular" inflatable frame, and these inflated frames define a lateral face of the ramp extending substantially in the same inclined plane, bearing and fixed against the exteπeur of the multiple upper longitudinal beam, has three longitudinal inflatable rolls, and one respectively of the two lateral beams They are simple lower, each consisting of a single inflatable longitudinal flange of the ramp. It is understood that the production of an inflatable evacuation ramp with a self-supporting structure of this type, the lateral faces of which each consist of a series of inflatable frames. mutually blocking each other so that the ramp is straight, inflated and deployed in use configuration, and optionally charged with people to evacuate, is of a complex structure and a delicate realization, so particularly expensive
On connaît également, par le document de brevet WO 95/15787, une rampe d'évacuation gonflable (voir les figures 7 et 8 et la partie correspondante de la description de ce document), de section transversale rectangulaire, avec quatre poutres longitudinales doubles, constituées chacune de deux boudins gonflables solidarisés côté à côte, et entretoisées par des boudins gonflables transversaux constituant des entretoises inféπeures et des entretoises supérieures, ainsi que, comme dans WO 95/14605, des entretoises latérales, constituées par des boudins gonflables reliant les poutres longitudinales inféπeures aux poutres longitudinales supérieures et inclinées alternativement vers l'amont et vers l'aval, en zigzag Une glissière s'étend entre les deux poutres longitudinale doubles inféπeures, au dessus des boudins transversaux d'entretoises inféπeures.Patent document WO 95/15787 also discloses an inflatable evacuation ramp (see FIGS. 7 and 8 and the corresponding part of the description of this document), of rectangular cross section, with four longitudinal longitudinal beams, each consisting of two inflatable tubes joined side by side, and braced by transverse inflatable tubes constituting infreπeur spacers and upper spacers, and, as in WO 95/14605, lateral spacers constituted by inflatable tubes connecting the longitudinal beams infreπeures to the upper longitudinal beams and inclined alternately upstream and downstream, in zigzag A slide extends between the two longitudinal double beams inféπeures, above the transverse strands of infreπeur spacers.
Dans cette réalisation, des organes gonflables (les poutres longitudinales, et, éventuellement, les entretoises latérales, inférieures et supéneures) sont constitués d'un boudin gonflable avec une chambre tabulaire délimitée entre une paroi externe cylindrique et une paroi interne cyhndπque, qui entourent la chambre centrale cylindrique gonflable, pour la mise en tension du boudin, dont la πgidité est renforcée par une feuille d'un mateπau flexible semi-πgide qui s'étend dans ladite chambre annulaireIn this embodiment, inflatable members (the longitudinal beams and, optionally, the lateral spacers, lower and supeneures) consist of an inflatable bead with a tabular chamber delimited between a cylindrical outer wall and a cyhndπque inner wall, which surround the inflatable cylindrical central chamber, for the tensioning of the coil, the πgidité is reinforced by a sheet of a semi-πide flexible mateπau which extends in said annular chamber
Dans cette réalisation également, on comprend que la rigidité suffisante de la rampe dépend, dans une très large mesure, des propπétés du matéπau flexible semi-rigide disposé en feuille dans les chambres annulaires des boudins gonflables. Cette rampe d'évacuation gonflable est donc également d'une structure complexe et d'une réalisation délicate, et donc d'un coût très élevéIn this embodiment also, it is understood that the sufficient rigidity of the ramp depends, to a very large extent, the properties of flexible semi-rigid material arranged in sheet in the annular chambers of the inflatable tubes. This inflatable evacuation ramp is therefore also of a complex structure and a delicate realization, and therefore a very high cost
Le problème a la base de l'invention est de proposer une rampe d'évacuation gonflable de section transversale de forme générale tπangulaire, du type général connu par WO 95/14605, procurant des performances au moins aussi bonnes que les rampes d'évacuation gonflables connues en terme de secuπte et de rapidité d'évacuation, c'est-a- dire de sécunté et rapidité de transbordement de personnes d'un navire à au moins un radeau de sauvetage ou survie gonflable, en améliorant la raideur ou πgidité de la rampe a l'état gonfle, et donc sa résistance aux déformations sous l'effet de charges de flexion- torsion et/ou compression-traction dues aux mouvements des vagues, de la houle, de la pπse au vent, ainsi que des mouvements non synchrones de tangage et/ou roulis du navire et du radeau, et des déplacements relatifs de ces derniers, en perfectionnant la structure de la rampe d'évacuation gonflable du type général connu précitéThe problem underlying the invention is to provide an inflatable evacuation ramp of generally tπangular cross section, of the general type known from WO 95/14605, providing performance at least as good as the inflatable evacuation ramps known in terms of secuπte and speed of evacuation, that is to say of secunt and speed of transfer of people from a ship to at least one life raft or inflatable survival, improving the stiffness or πgidity of the ramp in the inflated state, and therefore its resistance to deformation under the effect of bending-torsion and / or compression-traction loads due to the movements of the waves, the swell, the wind, as well as non-synchronous movements of pitch and / or roll of the ship and the raft, and relative movements thereof, by improving the structure of the inflatable evacuation ramp of the general type known above
Un autre but de l'invention est de perfectionné la structure des rampes du type général précité de sorte à rendre la rampe selon l'invention plus facilement et plus économiquement industπahsable, en modulaπsant au moins partiellement la structure de ladite rampe, de sorte, notamment, à faciliter la réalisation de rampe de différentes longueurs, adaptées aux besoins, en fonction du type des navires équipés (paquebots, notamment de croisière, ou ferries). Un autre but de l'invention est de perfectionner la rampe d'évacuation gonflable du type général connu précité, de sorte à la rendre avantageusement compatible avec Ia grande capacité d'accueil des radeaux de sauvetage ou survie modernes de grande capacité (de l'ordre de 100 personnes) et/ ou avec zone formant plateforme d'accueil, comme connu du document de brevet FR 2 756 809 du demandeur, et/ou encore pour la rendre avantageusement compatible avec les récents développements d'installation d'évacuation associant une rampe d'évacuation gonflable à un conteneur à plusieurs radeaux de sauvetage gonflables, comme connu par le document de brevet FR 2 912 111 du Demandeur, installations d'évacuation dans lesquelles la rampe dégonflée et repliée est enroulée autour du conteneur en étant reliée d'une part au navire, d'autre part à l'unique radeau dans le conteneur ou à un premier radeau dans le conteneur, pour permettre un déploiement et un gonflage en séquence ou en succession, suite au largage et au déroulement de l'ensemble rampe-conteneur, suivi du gonflage de la rampe, puis l'ouverture du conteneur et le gonflage en séquence du ou des radeaux contenus dans ce dernier A cet effet, l'invention propose une rampe d'évacuation gonflable, du type général présenté ci-dessus et connu de WO 95/14605, et qui se caractéπse en ce que des boudins gonflables des entretoises latérales et inféπeures sont agences en cadres raidisseurs fermés, gonflables, polygonaux a l'état gonflé, entourant les trois poutres longitudinales auxquelles lesdits boudins des cadres raidisseurs sont reliés par des moyens de sohdaπsation et des moyens de gonflage par l'intermédiaire desdites poutres longitudinalesAnother object of the invention is to improve the ramp structure of the aforementioned general type so as to make the ramp according to the invention more easily and more economically industπahsable, modulaπsant at least partially the structure of said ramp, so, in particular , to facilitate the realization of ramps of different lengths, adapted to the needs, according to the type of ships equipped (cruise ships, in particular cruises, or ferries). Another object of the invention is to improve the inflatable evacuation ramp of the known general type mentioned above, so as to make it advantageously compatible with the large capacity of modern life rafts or survival of large capacity (of the order of 100 people) and / or with platform area of reception, as known from the patent document FR 2 756 809 of the applicant, and / or to make it advantageously compatible with recent evacuation installation developments combining a inflatable evacuation ramp to a container with several inflatable life rafts, as known from the applicant's patent document FR 2 912 111, evacuation installations in which the deflated and folded ramp is wound around the container while being connected to a part to the ship, on the other hand to the single raft in the container or to a first raft in the container, to allow deployment and inflation in sequence or in succession, following the release and the unwinding of the ramp-container assembly, followed by the inflation of the ramp, then the opening of the container and the inflation in sequence of the raft or rafts contained therein For this purpose, the invention proposes an inflatable evacuation ramp, of the general type presented above and known from WO 95/14605, and which is characterized in that inflatable tubes of the lateral and infreπeur spacers are arranged in closed, inflatable, polygonal frames to the inflated state, surrounding the three longitudinal beams to which said strands of the stiffening frames are connected by means of sohdaπsation and inflation means through said longitudinal beams
Ainsi, les efforts en compression/traction et/ou flexion/torsion sollicitant l'une quelconque des trois poutres longitudinales multiples, ou l'un quelconque des boudins longitυdinaux qu'une telle poutre comporte, sont introduits dans l'un au moins desdits cadres raidisseurs fermes des entretoises latérales et inférieures et sont bouclés par le ou les cadres raidisseurs fermés concernés, pour être ainsi distπbués sur la ou les autre(s) poutre(s) longitudinale(s), c'est-à-dire les boudins longitudinaux qu'elle(s) comporte(nt) et ainsi transmis aux autres cadres raidisseurs fermés de la rampe, de sorte que grâce a ces cadres raidisseurs fermes, des efforts relativement concentres sollicitant l'une quelconque des trois poutres longitudinales et/ou l'un quelconque desdits cadres raidisseurs fermes sont distπbués et répartis sur l'ensemble de l'ossature de la rampe, telle qu'elle est constituée par ces poutres et cadres raidisseurs Avantageusement, afin de faciliter la réalisation de rampes selon l'invention de différentes longueurs, pour convenir à des applications sur différents types de navire, et en conservant la structure générale de la rampe telle que définie ci-dessus, les entretoises latérales et inférieures sont agencées en modules raidisseurs, gonflables, mécaniquement et pneumatiquement indépendants les uns des autres, traversés chacun par la glissière et les poutres longitudinales, et accolés les uns aux autres par leur base, de l'une à l'autre des deux extrémités de la rampe, lesdits modules raidisseurs étant reliés aux trois poutres longitudinales par des moyens de sohdaπsation et des moyens de gonflageThus, the compressive / tensile and / or bending / torsion forces urging any one of the three longitudinal multiple beams, or any of the flanges longitudinal such a beam comprises, are introduced into at least one of said rigid stiffening frames lateral and lower spacers and are looped by the closed stiffening frames or frames concerned, so as to be distπbués on the other beam (s) (s) longitudinal (s), that is to say, the longitudinal strands it (s) comprises (s) and thus transmitted to the other closed stiffening frames of the ramp, so that thanks to these rigid stiffening frames, relatively concentric stresses soliciting any one of the three longitudinal beams and / or any of said stiff stiffening frames are distπbués and distributed over the entire frame of the ramp, as it is constituted by these beams and stiffening frames Advantageously, to facilitate the production of ramps according to the invention of different lengths, to suit applications on different types of ship, and keeping the general structure of the ramp as defined above, the lateral and lower spacers are arranged in stiffening modules, inflatable, mechanically and pneumatically independent of each other, each traversed by the slide and the longitudinal beams, and contiguous to each other by their base, from one to the other of the two ends of the ramp, said stiffening modules being connected to the three longitudinal beams by means of sohdaπsation and inflation means
Ainsi, les cadres raidisseurs fermes réalisés par certains des boudins gonflables des entretoises latérales et inférieures se trouvent intégrés dans lesdits modules raidisseurs, dont le nombre est choisi, pour réaliser une rampe d'une longueur donnée, en fonction de cette longueur de la rampe et de la longueur unitaire desdits modules raidisseurs.Thus, the rigid stiffening frames made by some of the inflatable tubes of the lateral and lower spacers are integrated in said stiffening modules, the number of which is chosen, to achieve a ramp of a given length, depending on this length of the ramp and the unit length of said stiffening modules.
Avantageusement, de plus, afin qu'une avaπe dans un module raidisseur, telle qu'une déchirure ou un percement de boudins, n'entraîne pas une perte de rigidité du tronçon de rampe dans lequel les trois poutres longitudinales sont entretoisées par ledit module raidisseur endommagé, du fait du dégonflement de ce dernier, chaque module raidisseur est un ensemble compartimenté compose de plusieurs structures gonflables solidaires entre elles, chaque structure gonflable délimitant un compartiment etanche et individuellement gonflable par rapport aux autres compartiments dudit ensembleAdvantageously, in addition, so that an avaπe in a stiffening module, such as a tear or piercing of flanges, does not cause a loss of rigidity of the boom section in which the three longitudinal beams are braced by said stiffening module damaged, because of the deflation of the latter, each stiffening module is a compartmentalized assembly consisting of several inflatable structures integral with each other, each inflatable structure delimiting a compartment watertight and individually inflatable relative to the other compartments of said assembly
Dans un mode de réalisation préfère, chaque module raidisseur comprend au moins une structure gonflable formant, a l'état gonflé, un cadre raidisseur fermé hexagonal, comportant trois boudins longs, constituant deux entretoises latérales et une entretoise inférieure, en alternance avec trois boudins courts, constituant deux raccords latéraux inférieurs des extrémités latérales de l'entretoise inférieure aux extrémités inférieures des entretoises latérales, et une entretoise supérieure courte, raccordant les extrémités supérieures des deux entretoises latéralesIn a preferred embodiment, each stiffening module comprises at least one inflatable structure forming, in the inflated state, a hexagonal closed stiffening frame, comprising three long strands, constituting two lateral struts and a lower strut, alternating with three short strands. , constituting two lower lateral connections of the lateral ends of the lower spacer to the lower ends of the side struts, and a short upper strut, connecting the upper ends of the two side struts
Ainsi, les cadres raidisseurs fermés hexagonaux de tous les modules raidisseurs de la rampe délimitent, ensemble, sensiblement un pπsme de section transversale hexagonale, soit donc à 6 facettes (3 grandes et 3 petites) qui, non seulement, présentent l'avantage d'envelopper au plus près les trois poutres longitudinales multiples, en particulier quand chacune d'entre elles est constituée par l'empilement de trois boudins longitudinaux gonflables, avec une section transversale de l'empilement de forme sensiblement triangulaire, mais aussi et surtout procurent une grande rigidité à la rampe, qui est dues au nombre relativement important des facettes.Thus, the hexagonal closed stiffening frames of all the stiffening modules of the ramp define, together, substantially a hexagonal cross-sectional area, that is to say 6 facets (3 large and 3 small) which not only have the advantage of to wrap closer to the three multiple longitudinal beams, especially when each of them is constituted by the stack of three inflatable longitudinal strands, with a cross section of the stack of substantially triangular shape, but also and especially provide a great rigidity at the ramp, which is due to the relatively large number of facets.
En outre, dans une forme de réalisation particulièrement avantageuse, chaque module raidisseur présente, à l'état gonflé, une forme générale externe de tronc de pyramide creux à base carrée ou rectangulaire, dont les arrêtes inclinées sont formées par des boudins d'entretoises latérales délimitant deux faces latérales opposées sensiblement triangulaires, une face amont, tournée vers l'extrémité d'entrée de la rampe, et une face aval, tournée vers l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe, également opposées et sensiblement triangulaires, les faces amont et aval étant traversées par les trois poutres longitudinales et la glissière, et la base de chaque module raidisseur est formée par un boudin d'entretoise inféπeure amont et un boudin d'entretoise inférieure aval qui, à l'état gonflé du module raidisseur, sont contreventés par une entretoise sensiblement en x s'étendant sous les deux poutres inférieures latérales et la glissièreFurthermore, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, each stiffening module has, in the inflated state, a generally external shape of hollow truncated pyramid with a square or rectangular base, the inclined edges of which are formed by lateral struts of struts. delimiting two substantially triangular opposite lateral faces, an upstream face facing towards the inlet end of the ramp, and a downstream face facing the exit end of the ramp, also opposite and substantially triangular, the upstream faces and downstream being traversed by the three longitudinal beams and the slideway, and the base of each stiffening module is formed by an upstream lower spacer strand and a lower downstream spacer strand which, in the inflated state of the stiffener module, are braced; by a substantially x-shaped spacer extending under the two lower side beams and the slide
Ainsi, selon un exemple de réalisation particulièrement avantageux, combinant l'intérêt de cadres raidisseurs fermés hexagonaux et de modules raidisseurs ayant une forme générale externe de tronc de pyramide creux, chaque module raidisseur de la rampe selon l'invention comprend, a l'état gonflé, un cadre hexagonal externe amont et un cadre hexagonal externe aval, constituant chacun une structure gonflable indépendante, doublée, le long de ses deux boudins longs d'entretoise latérale et ses trois boudms courts, et vers l'intérieur du module, par deux boudins longs et trois boudins courts homologues respectivement d'un cadre polygonal interne amont et d'un cadre polygonal interne aval, constituant chacun une autre structure gonflable indépendante, et comportant chacun également un boudin inférieur en forme de U évasé, raccordé par les extrémités des branches du U aux deux boudins courts latéraux inférieurs du cadre polygonal interne amont ou aval correspondant, tandis que chaque boudin inférieur en U est solidarisé sur la longueur de la base du U à la base du U du boudin inférieur homologue de l'autre cadre polygonal interne, pour former l'entretoise sensiblement en x de la base dudit module raidisseur.Thus, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, combining the interest of hexagonal closed stiffening frames and stiffening modules having a generally external shape of hollow pyramid trunk, each stiffening module of the ramp according to the invention comprises, in the state inflated, an outer hexagonal frame upstream and a downstream outer hexagonal frame, each constituting an independent inflatable structure, doubled, along its two long side struts and three short bulges, and towards the inside of the module, by two long flanges and three short flanges homologous respectively to an upstream inner polygonal frame and a downstream inner polygonal frame, each constituting another independent inflatable structure, and each also comprising a flared bottom U-shaped flange connected by the ends of the flanges. branches of the U to the two lower lateral short strands of the inner polygonal frame upstream or downstream corresponding, tan say that each lower U-section is secured along the length of the base of the U to the base of the U of the lower flange homologous to the other inner polygonal frame, to form the spacer substantially x of the base of said stiffener module.
Dans cet exemple particulier, chaque module raidisseur comprend donc quatre structures gonflables indépendantes l'une de l'autre, c'est-à-dire que chacune est gonflée indépendamment des autres, par souci de sécurité, deux de ces quatre structures gonflables étant des cadres hexagonaux, tandis que les deux autres sont des cadres qui chacun double l'un respectivement des cadres hexagonaux sur une partie de son périmètre, et, au niveau de la base, participe à la constitution de l'entretoise en x, qui contrevente les bases des deux cadres hexagonaux.In this particular example, each stiffening module therefore comprises four independent inflatable structures, that is to say that each is inflated independently of the others, for the sake of safety, two of these four inflatable structures being hexagonal frames, while the other two are frames that each double one of the hexagonal frames on a part of its perimeter, and, at the base level, participates in the constitution of the spacer in x, which violates the bases of the two hexagonal frames.
En outre, afin de procurer à la rampe le maximum de raideur ou rigidité là où elle en a le plus besoin, pour limiter ses déformation par pincement, en flexion, ou par vrillage, en torsion, c'est-à-dire ses extrémités d'entrée ou supérieure ou amont, et de sortie, ou inférieure ou aval, là où la rampe est respectivement reliée au navire et au radeau, ladite rampe comprend avantageusement, à chacune de ses deux extrémités, l'un respectivement de deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité qui sont plus rigides à l'état gonflé que des modules raidisseurs intermédiaires montés entre les deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité.In addition, in order to provide the ramp with maximum rigidity or rigidity where it needs it most, to limit its deformation by pinching, bending, or twisting, in torsion, that is to say its ends input or upper or upstream, and output, or lower or downstream, where the ramp is respectively connected to the ship and the raft, said ramp advantageously comprises, at each of its two ends, one respectively two stiffening modules end portions which are more rigid in the inflated state than intermediate stiffening modules mounted between the two end stiffener modules.
A cet effet, selon une structure à la fois simple et sécurisante, chaque module raidisseur d'extrémité comprend un plus grand nombre de structures gonflables indépendantes que chaque module raidisseur intermédiaire.For this purpose, according to a structure that is both simple and secure, each end stiffening module comprises a greater number of independent inflatable structures than each intermediate stiffening module.
Ainsi, dans le cas où les modules intermédiaires sont chacun réalisés selon l'exemple préféré mentionné ci-dessus, avec quatre structures gonflables indépendantes dont deux cadres hexagonaux, au moins un module raidisseur d'extrémité peut comprendre, avantageusement, au moins deux structures gonflables indépendantes, supplémentaires, chacune de forme globale en V renversé, et constituée de deux boudins longs d'entretoise latérale et d'un boudin court d'entretoise supérieure courte, qui sont solidarisés sur leur longueur respectivement sur l'extérieur des deux boudins longs d'entretoise latérale et du boudin court d'entretoise supérieure courte de l'un respectivement des cadres externes amont et aval, de sorte que ledit au moins un module raidisseur d'extrémité comporte au moins six structures gonflables indépendantes.Thus, in the case where the intermediate modules are each made according to the preferred example mentioned above, with four independent inflatable structures including two hexagonal frames, at least one end stiffener module may advantageously comprise at least two inflatable structures independent, additional, each of overturned overall V-shaped, and consisting of two long struts of lateral strut and a short flange of shorter upper strut, which are secured along their length respectively on the outside of the two long strands of lateral strut and short upper strut short strand of one respectively upstream and downstream outer frames, so that said at least one end stiffener module comprises at least six independent inflatable structures.
Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement avantageux en ce que les modules d'extrémités comme les modules intermédiaires comportent tous une structure de base qui leur est commune, et qui est celle d'un module intermédiaire auquel sont simplement rajoutées les deux structures gonflables indépendantes supplémentaires en forme de V renversé chacune, pour obtenir un module d'extrémité a partir d'un module intermédiaire Sur une telle rampe, et toujours dans un but de sécuπte, afin d'éviter queThis embodiment is particularly advantageous in that the end modules as the intermediate modules all have a basic structure which is common to them, and which is that of an intermediate module to which are simply added the two additional independent inflatable structures V shaped each inverted, to obtain an end module from an intermediate module On such a ramp, and always for the sake of safety, in order to prevent
Pendommagement (déchirure ou percement) d'un des boudins longitudinaux gonflables n'entraîne la perte de rigidité d'un tronçon de rampe, par dégonflement non seulement de ce boudin longitudinal, mais également de structures gonflables homologues de plusieurs modules raidisseurs adjacents, lesdites structures gonflables homologues de deux modules adjacents de la rampe sont majoritairement raccordées par des moyens de gonflage individuels à des boudins longitudinaux gonflables différents desdites poutres longitudinalesDamage (tearing or piercing) of one of the longitudinal inflatable strands causes the loss of rigidity of a boom section, by deflation not only of this longitudinal coil, but also of inflatable structures homologous to several adjacent stiffening modules, said structures homologous inflatable parts of two adjacent modules of the ramp are mainly connected by individual inflating means to longitudinal inflatable strands different from said longitudinal beams
Idéalement, il serait souhaitable que chaque structure gonflable de chacun de deux, voire trois modules raidisseurs adjacents soit raccordée par des moyens de gonflage individuels a un boudin longitudinal gonflable respectif des poutres longitudinales Cependant, le nombre de poutre étant limite à 3, et le nombre des boudins longitudinaux gonflables par poutres étant également limité, par exemple, à 3, selon un bon compromis coût-efficacite, l'application de la règle idéale précitée conduirait à la réalisation de modules raidisseurs ayant un trop petit nombre de structures gonflables pour assurer une bonne sécurité, ou, inversement, avec des modules raidisseurs ayant un nombre suffisamment eleve de structures gonflables indépendantes, pour une bonne sécuπte, il se trouve que le nombre total des boudins longitudinaux gonflables des poutres longitudinales est insuffisant pour que chacun d'eux assure le gonflage d'une unique structure gonflable de l'un seulement de deux ou trois modules raidisseurs adjacents Pour cette raison, la mesure technique selon laquelle au moins une majorité des structures gonflables homologues de deux modules raidisseurs adjacents est raccordée par des moyens de gonflage individuels, propres a chaque structure gonflable, à des boudins longitudinaux gonflables différents des poutres longitudinales, a été adoptéeIdeally, it would be desirable for each inflatable structure of each of two or even three adjacent stiffening modules to be connected by individual inflating means to a respective longitudinal inflatable strand of the longitudinal beams. However, the number of beams being limited to 3, and the number longitudinally inflatable strands by beams being also limited, for example, to 3, according to a good cost-effectiveness compromise, the application of the ideal rule above would lead to the realization of stiffening modules having too few inflatable structures to ensure a good security, or, conversely, with stiffening modules having a sufficiently large number of independent inflatable structures, for a good security, it turns out that the total number of longitudinal inflatable rolls longitudinal beams is insufficient for each of them ensures the inflating a single inflatable structure of only one of two or three adjacent stiffening modules For this reason, the technical measurement according to which at least a majority of the homologous inflatable structures of two adjacent stiffening modules is connected by individual inflating means, specific to each inflatable structure, to longitudinal inflatable tubes different from the beams. longitudinal, was adopted
Afin de faciliter le rattachement de la rampe au radeau, il est avantageux que l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe comprenne un boudin transversal gonflable d'extrémité aval, qui est solidarise par deux zones espacées contre les extrémités aval de boudins longitudinaux gonflables des deux poutres inférieures latérales, et qui se prolonge latéralement et vers le bas, au-delà de ses zones de sohdaπsation aux deux poutres înféπeures latérales de la rampe, par deux extensions d'extrémité gonflables et recourbées, permettant une extension de la zone de contact entre la rampe et ledit radeau afin d'assurer un bon contact entre eux.In order to facilitate the attachment of the ramp to the raft, it is advantageous for the exit end of the ramp to include an inflatable transverse flange of downstream end, which is secured by two spaced zones against the downstream ends of longitudinal inflatable flanges of the two. lower lateral beams, and which extends laterally and downward, beyond its zones of sohdaπsation to the two beams lateral imitators of the ramp, by two inflatable and curved end extensions, allowing an extension of the contact zone between the ramp and said raft to ensure good contact between them.
En outre, dans la rampe selon l'invention, les moyens de sohdaπsation sont, avantageusement, des dispositifs de fixation mécaniques amovibles (ou démontables) aptes à assurer une sohdaπsation non continue entre les boudins gonflables des poutres longitudinales et des boudins gonflables d'entretoise latérale et mféπeureIn addition, in the ramp according to the invention, the means of sohdaπsation are, advantageously, removable mechanical fasteners (or removable) capable of ensuring non-continuous sohdaπsation between the inflatable tubes of the longitudinal beams and the inflatable spacer tubes lateral and better
L'avantage de cette sohdaπsation non continue par des dispositifs de fixation mécaniques amovibles est de faciliter non seulement l'assemblage des rampes par le montage du nombre requis de modules raidisseurs sur les poutres longitudinales, et, le cas échéant, leur démontage, mais également la réalisation des moyens de gonflage des boudins d'entretoise latérale et inféπeure, lorsque certains des dispositifs de fixation mécaniques amovibles des boudins gonflables des poutres aux boudins gonflables d'entretoise latérale ou inféπeure constituent simultanément lesdits moyens de gonflage desdits boudins d'entretoise, comme cela est permis par des moyens connus et combinés de fixation mécanique amovible de deux boudins entre eux, et de gonflage de l'un des boudins par l'autreThe advantage of this non-continuous sohdaπsation by removable mechanical fastening devices is to facilitate not only the assembly of the ramps by mounting the required number of stiffening modules on the longitudinal beams, and, where appropriate, their disassembly, but also the embodiment of the means for inflating the lateral spacer strands and infreπeure, when some of the removable mechanical fastening devices of the inflatable tubes of the beams to the inflatable lateral strut packs or lower simultaneously constitute said means for inflating said spacer strands, such as this is allowed by known and combined means of removable mechanical fastening of two flanges together, and inflation of one of the flanges by the other
L'invention a également pour objet une installation de sauvetage, pour les passagers et/ou membres d'équipage d'un navire, comprenant, de manière connue et comme déjà évoqué ci-dessus, au moins un radeau de sauvetage gonflable, logé à l'état dégonflé et plié et avec des moyens de gonflage associés dans un conteneur, autour duquel est enroulée, à l'état dégonflé et plié, une rampe d'évacuation gonflable, dont une extrémité d'entrée est rattachée au navire par des moyens de liaison et une extrémité de sortie rattachée à un radeau dans le conteneur par des dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau, l'installation de sauvetage selon l'invention étant telle que ladite rampe est une rampe selon l'invention et telle que présentée ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a rescue installation, for the passengers and / or crew members of a ship, comprising, in a known manner and as already mentioned above, at least one inflatable life raft, housed at the deflated and folded state and with associated inflating means in a container, around which is wound, in the deflated and folded state, an inflatable evacuation ramp, an inlet end of which is attached to the ship by means link and an outlet end attached to a raft in the container by deformable and releasable connecting devices ramp-raft interface, the rescue installation according to the invention being such that said ramp is a ramp according to the invention and as presented above.
En outre, dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, car utilisant des dispositifs de liaison libérables du type connu dit « à trois anneaux » couramment utilisé dans une autre application, qui est la libération d'un parachute en charge par un parachutiste souhaitant par exemple libérer son parachute pπncipal pour ouvπr son parachute de secours, les dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau de l'installation selon l'invention sont deux ensembles latéraux, montés chacun a proximité de l'un respectivement des deux bords latéraux de l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe, et comprenant chacun deux dispositifs de liaison libérables du type connu dit « a trois anneaux », à déclenchement a distance, tel que pneumatique ou pyrotechnique, ou encore manuel et local, relies a la rampe par des sangles et audit radeau par d'autres sangles rattachées à au moins un anneau desdits dispositifs a trois anneaux Enfin, l'installation selon l'invention peut être telle que l'ensemble constitue du conteneur, contenant au moins un radeau et ses moyens de gonflage, et la rampe enroulée autour du conteneur soit loge dans un berceau de stockage, fixé sur le pont du navire et de structure connue, déjà utilisée pour le stockage et le largage, à partir de ce berceau, d'un tel ensemble rampe-conteneur de l'état de la technique Cependant, il est avantageux que l'installation selon l'invention soit telle que ledit ensemble rampe-conteneur est logé dans un berceau de stockage et largage dudit ensemble, le berceau étant destiné à être fixé sur le pont dudit navire, le berceau comportant une plaque de poussée, a face frontale concave apte à pousser ledit ensemble sur une plaque coulissante de débordement, apte à venir en saillie par rapport au pont dudit navire, ainsi qu'une plaque basculante, pour assurer le largage et le déploiement de l'ensemble conteneur-rampe avec dégagement par rapport au bord du pont du navireIn addition, in an advantageous embodiment, because using releasable connection devices of the known type called "three rings" commonly used in another application, which is the release of a parachute in charge by a paratrooper wishing for example free its main parachute for opening its emergency parachute, the deformable and releasable connection devices ramp-raft interface of the installation according to the invention are two lateral assemblies, each mounted close to one respectively of the two lateral edges of the exit end of the ramp, and each comprising two releasable connecting devices of the known type called "three rings", remote triggering, such as pneumatic or pyrotechnic, or manual and local, connected to the ramp by straps and said raft by other straps attached at least one ring of said three-ring devices Finally, the installation according to the invention may be such that the assembly constitutes the container, containing at least one raft and its inflation means, and the ramp wrapped around the container is housed in a storage cradle, fixed on the deck of the ship and of known structure, already used for storing and releasing, from this cradle, such a ramp-container assembly of the state of the art. it is advantageous for the installation according to the invention to be such that said ramp-container assembly is housed in a storage cradle and to release said assembly, the cradle being intended to be fixed on the deck of said vessel, the cradle comprising a thrust plate, a concave front face adapted to push said assembly on an overflow sliding plate, adapted to protrude from the deck of said vessel, and a tilting plate, to ensure the release and deployment of the container-ramp assembly with clearance from the deck edge of the vessel
D'autres mesures techniques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-dessus, à titre non limitatif, d'un exemple de réalisation décπt en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels - la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une rampe d'évacuation gonflable selon l'invention, déployée et gonflée entre un navire, du type ferry, et un radeau de sauvetage gonflable, auquel l'extrémité de sortie ou inféπeure de la rampe est reliée par des dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau représentés dans le détail VIII de la figure 1 , - Ia figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective de la rampe d'évacuation gonflable de la figure 1, a l'état déployé et gonfle, représentée sans glissière pour ne pas masquer la structure de la base de l'ossature gonflable de cette rampe,Other technical measures and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given above, without implied limitation, of an exemplary embodiment described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which - Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view. an inflatable evacuation ramp according to the invention, deployed and inflated between a ship, of the ferry type, and an inflatable liferaft, to which the outlet end or inferπeure of the ramp is connected by deformable connecting devices and releasable ramp-raft interface shown in detail VIII of FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the inflatable evacuation ramp of FIG. 1, in the expanded and inflated state, shown without slideway so as not to mask the structure of the base of the inflatable framework of this ramp,
- les figures 2a, 2b, 2c sont des représentations schématiques en perspective respectivement du module raidisseur d'extrémité supérieure, d'un module raidisseur intermédiaire et d'un dispositif de liaison deformable et libérable rampe-radeau, qui font l'objet des détails Ha, Hb, et Hc de la figure 2 ,FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are diagrammatic representations in perspective respectively of the upper end stiffening module, of an intermediate stiffening module and of a deformable and releasable ramp-raft connecting device, which are the subject of the details. Ha, Hb, and Hc in Figure 2,
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique en plan de la rampe de la figure 2 , - la figure 4 est une vue schématique en élévation latérale de la rampe de la figure 2 ,FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the ramp of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of the ramp of FIG. 2,
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale de la rampe de la figure 2 selon le plan de coupe incliné V-V de la figure 4 ; - la figure 6 est une vue schématique en perspective du module raidisseur d'extrémité de la figure 2a, tel que constitué par deux éléments ou moitiés symétπques, avant leur assemblage, chaque moitié ou élément symétπque étant composé de trois structures gonflables indépendantes ,FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the ramp of FIG. 2 along the inclined section plane V-V of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the end stiffening module of FIG. 2a, as constituted by two elements or symmetrical halves, before their assembly, each half or symmetrical element being composed of three independent inflatable structures,
- la figure 7 est une vue schématique en perspective éclatée du module raidisseur d'extrémité de la figure 2a représentant ses 6 structures gonflables indépendantes, dont les deux situées aux extrémités sont superflues pour la réalisation d'un module raidisseur intermédiaire selon la figure 2b ;FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic exploded perspective view of the end stiffener module of FIG. 2a showing its 6 independent inflatable structures, both of which at the ends are superfluous for the production of an intermediate stiffening module according to FIG. 2b;
- la figure 8 est une vue en perspective schématique agrandie du détail VIII de la figure 1 avec arrachement partiel du boudin périphérique supérieur du radeau; et - les figures 9 et 10 sont des vues schématique agrandies des détails respectivementFIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic perspective view of detail VIII of FIG. 1 with partial cutaway of the upper peripheral flange of the raft; and - Figures 9 and 10 are enlarged schematic views of the details respectively
IX et X de la figure 8.IX and X of Figure 8.
La figure 1 représente schématiquement, en perspective, une rampe 1 d'évacuation gonflable de l'invention, en configuration déployée et gonflée entre un navire 2, tel un ferry, et un radeau de survie gonflable 3, également à l'état déployé et gonflé, attaché, de manière libérable, à l'extrémité inférieure ou de sortie de la rampe 1 par des dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau, représentés dans leur ensemble dans le détail VIII de la figure 1 , et décrits ci-dessous de manière plus détaillée en référence aux figures 8 à 10, tandis que l'autre extrémité de la rampe 1, qui est son extrémité supérieure ou d'entrée, est reliée à un berceau 4 de stockage et largage, monté sur le navire 2, pour stocker l'ensemble constitué par la rampe 1, à l'état dégonflé et replié, et le radeau 3, à l'état également dégonflé et replié dans un conteneur (non représenté), autour duquel la rampe 1 est enroulée, en configuration de stockage, préalablement au largage, sur un pont du navire 2FIG. 1 schematically represents, in perspective, an inflatable evacuation ramp 1 of the invention, in an expanded and inflated configuration between a ship 2, such as a ferry, and an inflatable liferaft 3, also in the deployed state and inflated, releasably attached to the lower end or exit of the ramp 1 by deformable and releasable connection devices ramp-raft interface, shown together in detail VIII of Figure 1, and described below in greater detail with reference to Figures 8 to 10, while the other end of the ramp 1, which is its upper end or inlet, is connected to a cradle 4 for storage and release, mounted on the vessel 2, for storing the assembly consisting of the ramp 1, in the deflated and folded state, and the raft 3, also deflated and folded in a container (not shown), around which the ramp 1 is wound , in trust storage management, prior to release, on a deck of the vessel 2
Comme représenté a une plus grande échelle sur les figures 2 à 5, la structure de la rampe 1 comprend une ossature comportant trois poutres longitudinales tπples, dont l'une est une poutre supérieure 5, en position sensiblement centrale au dessus des deux autres, qui sont des poutres inférieures latérales 6, entre lesquelles est fixée et étendue sur toute la longueur de la rampe 1 , une glissière souple 7, destinée à supporter les personnes évacuées par la rampe 1, agencée en tobogganAs shown on a larger scale in FIGS. 2 to 5, the structure of the ramp 1 comprises a framework comprising three longitudinal longitudinal beams, one of which is an upper beam 5, in a substantially central position above the other two, which are lower lateral beams 6, between which is fixed and extended on the entire length of the ramp 1, a flexible slide 7, intended to support people evacuated by the ramp 1, arranged toboggan
Dans un souci de clarté, afin de ne pas masquer la structure de l'ossature, la glissière 7 n'est schématiquement représentée que sur la figure 5 Chacune des trois poutres longitudinales triples 5 et 6 comporte trois boudins 8 longitudinaux, chacun en forme de cylindre allongé de section transversale circulaire, individuellement gonflable (c'est-à-dire gonflable indépendamment des autres), empilés l'un au dessus des deux autres de sorte qu'ils soient tangents deux à deux sur leur longueur, et ainsi solidarises adjacents et côté à côté, par exemple de proche en proche et non de manière continue sur leur longueur, par des liens tels que des anneaux, colliers ou bandeaux souples collés ou solidarises autour des trois boudins 8 de chaque poutre, par exemple par un adhésif ou par soudage à haute fréquence, de sorte que la section transversale de chaque poutre 5 ou 6 présente sensiblement une forme de triangle équilatéral, à l'état gonflé L'ossature de la rampe 1 comporte également une pluralité de modules raidisseursFor the sake of clarity, so as not to mask the structure of the frame, the slide 7 is shown schematically only in FIG. 5 Each of the three longitudinal triple beams 5 and 6 comprises three longitudinal tubes 8, each in the form of an elongate cylinder of circular cross-section, individually inflatable (i.e., inflatable independently of the others), stacked one above the other two so that they are tangent two by two along their length, and thus joined together and side by side, for example step by step and not continuously along their length, by links such as rings, collars or flexible bands glued or secured around the three strands 8 of each beam, for example by an adhesive or by high frequency welding, so that the cross section of each beam 5 or 6 has substantially an equilateral triangle shape, in the inflated state The frame of the ramp 1 com also carries a plurality of stiffening modules
9 et 10, qui sont gonflables, mais pneumatiquement et mécaniquement indépendants les uns des autres, et accolés les uns aux autres par leur base, de l'extrémité d'entrée à l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe 1, et qui sont chacun relié mécaniquement à des boudins longitudinaux 8 des poutres longitudinales 5 et 6 par des moyens de sohdaπsation, et gonflés à partir de certains des boudins longitudinaux 8 desdites poutres longitudinales 5 et 6 par des moyens de gonflage, de sorte, à l'état gonflé de la rampe 1, à entretoiser et contreventer les poutres 5 et 6 et en les maintenant espacées l'une de l'autre transversalement a leur longueur, et telles qu'elles s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement l'une à l'autre, afin de conférer a la rampe 1 gonflée une section transversale (perpendiculairement aux poutres 5 et 6) ayant sensiblement la forme d'un triangle isocèle ou équilatéral9 and 10, which are inflatable, but pneumatically and mechanically independent of each other, and joined to each other by their base, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the ramp 1, and which are each mechanically connected to longitudinal flanges 8 of the longitudinal beams 5 and 6 by means of sohdaπsation, and inflated from some of the longitudinal flanges 8 of said longitudinal beams 5 and 6 by inflating means, so, in the inflated state of the ramp 1, to brace and contraband the beams 5 and 6 and keeping them spaced from each other transversely to their length, and such that they extend substantially parallel to each other, in order to to give the inflated ramp 1 a cross-section (perpendicular to the beams 5 and 6) having substantially the shape of an isosceles triangle or equilateral
Ces modules raidisseurs, dont le nombre détermine la longueur de la rampe 1, sont de deux types différents, à savoir des modules raidisseurs d'extrémité 9, entre lesquels sont montes des modules raidisseurs intermédiaires 10, par exemple au nombre de 3, entre les deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité 9, pour une rampe gonflable 1 d'une longueur totale 14,5 m, dans l'exemple particulier représenteThese stiffening modules, the number of which determines the length of the ramp 1, are of two different types, namely end stiffening modules 9, between which intermediate stiffening modules 10, for example 3 in number, are mounted between them. two end stiffener modules 9, for an inflatable ramp 1 with a total length of 14.5 m, in the particular example represents
Dans cet exemple, les deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité 9 sont identiques l'un à l'autre, et tels que représentes sur la figure 2a, correspondant au module d'extrémité 9 supéπeur du détail Ha de la figure 2, et les modules raidisseurs intermédiaires 10 sont également identiques entre eux et tels que représentés sur la figure 2b, correspondant au module intermédiaire 10 du milieu de la rampe 1, selon le détail Hb de la figure 2In this example, the two end stiffener modules 9 are identical to each other, and as shown in FIG. 2a, corresponding to the end module 9. upper detail Ha of Figure 2, and the intermediate stiffening modules 10 are also identical to each other and as shown in Figure 2b, corresponding to the intermediate module 10 of the middle of the ramp 1, according to the detail Hb of Figure 2
Chacun des deux types de modules raidisseurs 9, 10 est un ensemble compartimenté constitué de 6 structures gonflables pour le raidisseur d'extrémité 9 et quatre structures gonflables pour Ie raidisseur intermédiaire 10, qui sont solidaires entre elles, et dont chacune délimite l'un de respectivement six ou quatre compartiments étanches, dont chacun est individuellement gonflable par rapport aux autres compartiments du module raidisseur 9 ou 10 correspondant. La structure et la réalisation d'un module raidisseur d'extrémité 9 selon la figure 2a sont à présent décrites en référence aux figures 6 et 7, qui représentent, schématiquement et en perspective, les deux moitiés symétriques constitutives du module d'extrémité 9, chacune étant composée de trois structures gonflables indépendantes solidarisées, avant l'assemblage des deux moitiés sur la figure 6, et, sur la figure 7, les six structures gonflables indépendantes du même module d'extrémité 9, en perspective éclatée, dont les trois qui constituent une moitié 9a de ce module et les trois autres qui constituent l'autre moitié 9b de ce module Les deux moitiés 9a et 9b symétriques étant identiques l'une à l'autre, et disposées face a face, il suffit d'en décπre une. Chaque moitié 9a ou 9b comporte une structure gonflable constituant, à l'état gonflé, un cadre raidisseur fermé 1 1 , hexagonal et dit externe, car situé vers l'extéπeur du module raidisseur 9, comme d'ailleurs du module raidisseur 10 pour des raisons qui apparaîtront ci-après, lorsque le raidisseur 9 ou 10 est assemblé sur la rampe 1. Ce cadre raidisseur fermé hexagonal 1 1 est constitué, en succession alternative, de trois boudins longs, 12, 13 et 14, identiques l'un à l'autre, et de trois boudins courts 15, 16 et 17, également identiques l'un à l'autre, et parmi lesquels les deux boudins longs 12 et 13 constituent des entretoises latérales inclinées l'une vers l'autre et vers le haut, et le boudin long 14 une entretoise mféπeure, tandis que le boudin court 15 constitue une entretoise supeπeure courte, raccordant les extrémités supérieures des deux entretoises latérales 12 et 13, et que le boudin court 16 constitue un raccord latéral inféπeur d'une extrémité latérale de l'entretoise inférieure 14 a l'extrémité inférieure d'une entretoise latérale correspondante 13, tandis que l'autre boudin court 17 raccorde l'autre extrémité latérale de l'entretoise inférieure 14 à l'extrémité inférieure de l'autre entretoise latérale 12 Chaque moitié 9a ou 9b du module raidisseur d'extrémité 9 comprend également une deuxième structure gonflable indépendante, constituée par un autre cadre raidisseur polygonal fermé, dit interne, car disposé vers l'intérieur du module 9 par rapport au cadre hexagonal externe 1 1 , et qui comporte deux boudins longs 19 et 20, identiques l'un à l'autre et aux boudins longs 12 et 13 du cadre hexagonal 1 1 , de sorte à constituer également des entretoises latérales, reliées l'une a l'autre à leurs extrémités supéπeures par un boudin court 21, formant une entretoise supéneure courte identique à l'entretotse supérieure 15 du cadre 1 1 , tandis que les extrémités inférieures des deux boudins longs 19 et 20 d'entretoise latérale du cadre 18 se prolongent vers le bas chacune par l'un respectivement de deux boudins courts 22 et 23, identiques l'un à l'autre et aux boudins courts 16 et 17 du cadre 1 1 , pour former des raccords aux extrémités des branches d'un boudin inféπeur 24, en forme de U évasé, fermant le cadre 18 et dirigé vers le boudin inféπeur 24 en U évasé du cadre 18 de l'autre moitié 9a ou 9b du module raidisseur 9, de sorte que ces deux boudins inféπeurs 24 en U évasé puissent être reliés l'un à l'autre par collage le long de leurs bases 25, accolées l'une à l'autre, lorsque les deux moitiés 9a et 9b sont assemblées, par collage aussi des deux entretoises supéπeures courtes 21 des cadres raidisseurs 18 l'une contre l'autre De plus, les boudins courts 16 et 17 de raccord inférieur de chaque cadre 1 1 sont collés contre les deux boudins courts de raccord inféπeur 22 et 23 homologues du cadre 18, de même que les deux boudins longs 12 et 13 d'entretoise latérale du cadre 11 sont collés le long des deux boudins longs 19 et 20 d'entretoise latérale du cadre 18.Each of the two types of stiffener modules 9, 10 is a compartmentalized assembly consisting of 6 inflatable structures for the end stiffener 9 and four inflatable structures for the intermediate stiffener 10, which are integral with each other, and each of which delimits one of respectively six or four sealed compartments, each of which is individually inflatable relative to the other compartments of the stiffener module 9 or 10 corresponding. The structure and the realization of an end stiffener module 9 according to FIG. 2a are now described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, which represent, diagrammatically and in perspective, the two constituent symmetrical halves of the end module 9, each being composed of three independent inflatable structures secured before the assembly of the two halves in FIG. 6, and in FIG. 7 the six independent inflatable structures of the same end module 9, in exploded perspective, the three of which constitute a half 9a of this module and the other three which constitute the other half 9b of this module The two halves 9a and 9b symmetrical being identical to each other, and arranged face to face, it suffices to decree a. Each half 9a or 9b comprises an inflatable structure constituting, in the inflated state, a closed stiffening frame 1 1, hexagonal and said external, because located towards the outside of the stiffening module 9, as also of the stiffener module 10 for reasons which will appear hereinafter, when the stiffener 9 or 10 is assembled on the ramp 1. This hexagonal closed stiffening frame 1 1 consists, in alternative succession, of three long tubes, 12, 13 and 14, identical to each other. the other, and three short strands 15, 16 and 17, also identical to each other, and among which the two long strands 12 and 13 constitute side struts inclined towards each other and towards the high, and the long flange 14 a mfeéπeure spacer, while the short flange 15 is a short supeπeure spacer, connecting the upper ends of the two lateral spacers 12 and 13, and the short flange 16 is a side connection inféπeur an extrem Later the lower strut 14 has the lower end of a corresponding lateral strut 13, while the other short strand 17 connects the other lateral end of the lower strut 14 to the lower end of the other. lateral spacer 12 Each half 9a or 9b of the end stiffener module 9 also comprises a second independent inflatable structure, constituted by another closed polygonal stiffening frame, said internal, because disposed towards the inside of the module 9 with respect to the external hexagonal frame 1 1, and which comprises two long strands 19 and 20, identical to each other and to the long strands 12 and 13 of the hexagonal frame 1 1, so as to also constitute lateral struts, connected to each other at their upper ends by a short coil 21, forming a short upper spacer identical to the upper support 15 of the frame 1 1, while the lower ends of the two long strands 19 and 20 lateral strut of the frame 18 extend downwards each by respectively one of two short strands 22 and 23, identical to each other and to the short flanges 16 and 17 of the frame 1 1, to form connections at the ends of the branches of a flange inféπeur 24, flared U-shaped, closing the frame 18 and directed towards the lower U-shaped flange 24 of the frame 18 of the other half 9a or 9b of the stiffening module 9, so that these two lower U-shaped flanges 24 flared can be connected to one another by gluing along their bases 25, contiguous to one another, when the two halves 9a and 9b are assembled, also by gluing the two short upper braces 21 stiffening frames 18 In addition, the short flanges 16 and 17 of the lower connection of each frame 1 1 are glued against the two short flanges of infreπeur 22 and 23 homologous connection of the frame 18, as well as the two long flanges 12 and 13 of lateral strut of the frame 11 are glued along the two long strands 19 and 20 of lateral strut of the frame 18.
Enfin, chaque moitié 9a et 9b du module raidisseur 9 comporte, à l'extéπeur du cadre polygonal 1 1, par rapport au centre du module 9, une troisième structure gonflable indépendante 26, en forme de V renversé, constituée de deux boudins longs 27 et 28 d'entretoise latérale, identiques l'un à l'autre et aux boudins longs 12 et 13 du cadre 1 1 et 19 et 20 du cadre 18, et reliés l'un à l'autre par un boudin court 29 d'entretoise supéneure, identique aux entretoises supéπeures courtes 15 et 21 des cadres 1 1 et 18 La structure 26 en V renversé vient ainsi renforcer l'ensemble constitué par les cadres 1 1 et 18 en doublant, par l'extéπeur, les entretoises latérales 12 et 13 ainsi que l'entretoise supérieure 15, contre lesquelles sont collées sur toute leur longueur respectivement les entretoises latérales 27 et 28 et l'entretoise supéneure courte 29 de la structure 26 en V renversé.Finally, each half 9a and 9b of the stiffening module 9 comprises, outside the polygonal frame 1 1, relative to the center of the module 9, a third independent inflatable structure 26, inverted V-shaped, consisting of two long tubes 27 and 28 of lateral strut, identical to each other and to the long strands 12 and 13 of the frame 1 1 and 19 and 20 of the frame 18, and connected to each other by a short bead 29 of upper spacer, identical to the short upper spacers 15 and 21 of the frames 1 1 and 18 The reverse structure 26 V thus reinforces the assembly constituted by the frames 1 1 and 18 by doubling, externally, the lateral spacers 12 and 13 and the upper spacer 15, against which are glued over their entire length respectively the lateral struts 27 and 28 and the short supeneur spacer 29 of the structure 26 inverted V.
Lorsque les deux moitiés 9a et 9b sont sohdansées l'une à l'autre le long des bases 25 des deux boudins inférieurs en U évasé 24 et le long des deux entretoises supérieures 21, les deux boudins inférieurs 24 en U constituent une entretoise en X s'étendant dans le même plan que les deux entretoises inférieures 14 des deux cadres 1 1, de sorte à bien contreventer la base du module raidisseur 9 ainsi constitué, qui présente, à l'état gonflé, la forme générale externe d'un tronc de pyramide creux, à base carrée ou rectangulaire, dont les arêtes inclinées sont formées par les boudins d'entretoise latérale 12, 13, 19, 20 et 27, 28 des deux cadres raidisseurs fermés 1 1 et 18 et de la structure 26 en V inversé.When the two halves 9a and 9b are sandwiched together along the bases 25 of the two flared lower flanges 24 and along the two upper spacers 21, the two lower U-shaped flanges 24 constitute an X spacer extending in the same plane as the two lower spacers 14 of the two frames 1 1, so as to counteract the base of the stiffener module 9 thus formed, which has, in the inflated state, the general external shape of a truncated hollow pyramid, with a square or rectangular base, whose inclined ridges are formed by the lateral spacer strands 12, 13, 19, 20 and 27, 28 of the two closed stiffening frames 1 1 and 18 and structure 26 inverted V.
Chaque module raidisseur intermédiaire 10, tel que représenté sur la figure 2b, ne se distingue du module raidisseur d'extrémité 9 des figures 2a, 6 et 7, que par la suppression des deux structures gonflables d'extrémité 26 en V renversé. Donc, tout ce qui vient d'être dit pour la réalisation et la structure d'un module raidisseur d'extrémité 9 peut être répété pour la réalisation et la structure d'un module raidisseur intermédiaire 10, en particulier la réalisation en deux moitiés identiques et symétriques solidarisées en étant accolées face à face, avec pour seule différence que chaque moitié ne comporte que les deux structures gonflables indépendantes que constituent un cadre raidisseur fermé hexagonal 11 et un cadre raidisseur fermé polygonal 18, l'entretoise en X pour le contreventement de la base du module raidisseur intermédiaire 10 étant réalisée rigoureusement de la même manière que pour le module raidisseur 9.Each intermediate stiffening module 10, as shown in Figure 2b, is distinguished from the end stiffener module 9 of Figures 2a, 6 and 7, by the removal of the two inflatable end structures 26 inverted V. Thus, all that has just been said for the construction and the structure of an end stiffener module 9 can be repeated for the construction and the structure of an intermediate stiffener module 10, in particular the embodiment in two identical halves and symmetrical solidarized being contiguous face to face, with the only difference that each half has only two independent inflatable structures that constitute a hexagonal closed stiffening frame 11 and a closed polygonal stiffening frame 18, the X spacer for the bracing of the base of the intermediate stiffening module 10 being made strictly in the same manner as for the stiffening module 9.
Il en résulte que chaque module raidisseur intermédiaire 10 présente également, à l'état gonflé, la forme générale externe d'un tronc de pyramide creux à base carrée ou rectangulaire, dont les arêtes inclinées sont formées par les boudins d'entretoise latérale 12, 13 et 19, 20 des deux cadres 11 et des deux cadres 18 d'un tel module 10, comprenant ainsi quatre structures gonflables indépendantes, alors que chaque module raidisseur d'extrémité 9 en comporte six.It follows that each intermediate stiffening module 10 also has, in the inflated state, the general external shape of a truncated hollow pyramid with a square or rectangular base, the inclined edges of which are formed by the lateral strut rods 12, 13 and 19, 20 of the two frames 11 and the two frames 18 of such a module 10, thus comprising four independent inflatable structures, while each end stiffener module 9 has six.
Sur chaque module raidisseur 9 ou 10, les boudins 12, 13, 19 et 20, et le cas échéant, 27 et 28, délimitent deux faces latérales opposées sensiblement triangulaires, ainsi que deux faces également opposées et sensiblement triangulaires qui sont, lorsque les modules 9 et 10 sont montés autour des trois poutres longitudinales 5, 6 et de la glissière 7, et solidarisés aux boudins longitudinaux 8 des poutres longitudinales 5 et 6, l'une une face amont, tournée vers l'extrémité d'entrée de la rampe 1, et l'autre une face aval, tournée vers l'extrémité de sortie de cette rampe 1. Ainsi, les faces amont et aval sont les faces de chacun des modules raidisseurs 9 et 10 qui sont traversées par les trois poutres longitudinales 5 et 6 et la glissière 7 de la rampe 1. En outre, la base de chaque module raidisseur 9 ou 10 est ainsi formée par un boudin 14 d'entretoise inférieure, situé en amont, et un boudin 14 d'entretoise mféπeure situé en aval, et ces deux boudins 14 sont, à l'état gonflé du module raidisseur 9 ou 10 correspondant, contreventés par l'entretoise sensiblement en X constituée par la liaison des deux boudins inférieurs 24 en U évasé dudit module, cette entretoise en X s'étendant sous les deux poutres inférieures latérales 6 et la glissière 7.On each stiffening module 9 or 10, the flanges 12, 13, 19 and 20 and, where appropriate, 27 and 28 delimit two substantially triangular opposite lateral faces, as well as two opposite and substantially triangular faces which are, when the modules 9 and 10 are mounted around the three longitudinal beams 5, 6 and the slide 7, and secured to the longitudinal flanges 8 of the longitudinal beams 5 and 6, one an upstream face, facing the inlet end of the ramp 1, and the other a downstream face, turned towards the output end of this ramp 1. Thus, the upstream and downstream faces are the faces of each of the stiffening modules 9 and 10 which are traversed by the three longitudinal beams 5 and 6 and the slider 7 of the ramp 1. In addition, the base of each stiffening module 9 or 10 is thus formed by a lower strut 14 of spacer, located Upstream, and a mteπeure spacer strand 14 located downstream, and these two flanges 14 are, in the inflated state of the corresponding stiffener module 9 or 10, braced by the substantially X-shaped spacer formed by the connection of the two flanges U-shaped flared bottom 24 of said module, this X spacer extending under the two lateral lower beams 6 and the slide 7.
On comprend ainsi que chacun des deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité 9 est plus rigide, à l'état gonflé, que chacun des modules raidisseurs intermédiaires 10, qui sont montés simplement accolés les uns aux autres par leur base et sans liaison mécanique ni entre eux m aux deux modules d'extrémité 9, entre ces deux derniers, du fait que chacun des modules d'extrémité 9 comprend un plus grand nombre de structures gonflables indépendantes que chaque module raidisseur intermédiaire 10.It is thus understood that each of the two end stiffener modules 9 is more rigid, in the inflated state, than each of the intermediate stiffening modules 10, which are mounted simply contiguous to each other by their base and without mechanical connection or between them m to the two end modules 9, between the latter two, because each of the end modules 9 comprises a greater number of independent inflatable structures than each intermediate stiffening module 10.
Si les modules raidisseurs 9 et 10 ne sont pas solidarisés les uns aux autres, ni raccordés les uns aux autres par des moyens de gonflage, par contre chacun d'eux est relié à des boudins longitudinaux 8 des trois poutres longitudinales 5 et 6 par des moyens de sohdaπsation, ainsi qu'à certains des boudins longitudinaux 8 de ces poutres 5 et 6 par des moyens de gonflage.If the stiffening modules 9 and 10 are not secured to each other or connected to each other by inflation means, each of them is connected to longitudinal tubes 8 of the three longitudinal beams 5 and 6 by means of sohdaπsation, as well as some of the longitudinal tubes 8 of these beams 5 and 6 by inflation means.
Plus précisément, chacune des quatre ou six structures gonflables indépendantes de chacun des modules raidisseurs intermédiaires 10 ou d'extrémité 9 est reliée par des moyens de gonflage à l'un respectivement de quatre ou six des neuf boudins longitudinaux 8 que comprennent les trois poutres longitudinales 5 et 6, et, en outre, si l'on considère une paire quelconque de deux modules raidisseurs 10 ou 9 et 10 immédiatement adjacents, une majorité de structures gonflables indépendantes de l'un de ces deux modules est raccordée à des boudins gonflables 8 des poutres longitudinales 5 et 6 qui sont différents de ceux auxquels sont raccordées par des moyens de gonflage les structures gonflables homologues de l'autre de ces deux modules Par exemple, si l'on considère le module raidisseur d'extrémité supéπeure 9 et le module raidisseur intermédiaire 10 immédiatement adjacent, les deux structures gonflables indépendantes constituées par les deux cadres raidisseurs fermés hexagonaux 1 1 amont de ces deux modules ne sont pas gonflées à partir d'un même boudin longitudinal 8, pour éviter que le tronçon de rampe 1 au niveau de ces deux modules 9 et 10 ne soit trop sensiblement dégonfle par un endommagement d'un même boudin longitudinal 8 qui alimenterait en gaz de gonflage deux structures gonflables indépendantes mais homologues de ces deux modules ou encore deux structures gonflables d'un même module 9 ou 10 Ainsi, la rampe 1 gonflée présente une excellente raideur, du fait du contreventement des poutres 5 et 6 qui est assuré par les entretoises inférieures, comportant les boudins inférieurs 14 et 24 gonflables, solidarisés aux deux poutres inférieures latérales 6 et s'étendant sous la glissière d'évacuation 7, et aux entretoises latérales, qui comportent les boudins latéraux gonflables 12, 13, 19, 20, 27 et 28, solidarisés à la poutre supérieure centrale 5 et aux poutres inférieures latérales 6, avec le concours supplémentaire des entretoises supérieures courtes formées par les boudins courts 15, 21 et 29, et les entretoises latérales inférieures de raccord formées par les boudins courts 16, 17, 22 et 23, qui, avec les autres boudins des modules raidisseurs 9 et 10, et en particulier des cadres raidisseurs fermés 1 1 et 18 de ces modules, délimitent sensiblement un prisme de section transversale hexagonale, dont les six facettes (trois grandes et trois petites) concourent à procurer à la rampe 1 une grande rigidité à l'état gonflé.More specifically, each of the four or six independent inflatable structures of each of the intermediate or end stiffener modules 9 is connected by inflating means to one of four or six of the nine longitudinal struts 8, respectively, which comprise the three longitudinal beams. 5 and 6, and furthermore, considering any pair of two adjacent stiffening modules 10 or 9 and 10, a majority of inflatable structures independent of one of these two modules is connected to inflatable tubes 8 longitudinal beams 5 and 6 which are different from those to which are connected by inflating means the inflatable structures homologous to the other of these two modules For example, if we consider the upper stiffener module 9 and the module intermediate stiffener 10 immediately adjacent, the two independent inflatable structures formed by the two closed stiffening frames Hexagonal 1 1 upstream of these two modules are not inflated from the same longitudinal coil 8, to prevent the ramp section 1 at these two modules 9 and 10 is too substantially deflated by damage to the same longitudinal coil 8 which feeds inflation gas two independent but homologous inflatable structures of these two modules or two inflatable structures of the same module 9 or 10 Thus, the inflated ramp 1 has excellent stiffness, because of the bracing of the beams 5 and 6 which is provided by the lower struts, comprising the lower inflatable tubes 14 and 24, secured to the two lateral lower beams 6 and extending under the escape slide 7, and the lateral struts, which comprise the inflatable lateral struts 12, 13, 19, 20, 27 and 28, secured to the central upper beam 5 and the lower lateral beams 6, with the additional assistance of the upper struts short formed by the short flanges 15, 21 and 29, and the lower lateral connecting struts formed by the short flanges 16, 17, 22 and 23, which, with the other flanges of the stiffening modules 9 and 10, and in particular frames closed stiffeners 1 1 and 18 of these modules, substantially delimit a prism of hexagonal cross section, whose six facets (three large and three small) c it is necessary to provide the ramp 1 a high rigidity in the inflated state.
Le bas de la rampe 1, à son extrémité de sortie, comprend un boudin transversal 30 gonflable d'extrémité aval, qui est solidarisé contre les extrémités aval des boudins longitudinaux gonflables 8 inférieurs des deux poutres inférieures latérales 6, par deux zones espacées sur ce boudin transversal 30, qui se prolonge latéralement et vers le bas, au-delà desdites zones de solidarisation aux boudins 8 des poutres 6 de la rampe 1, par deux extensions d'extrémité 31, qui sont gonflables et recourbées, de sorte à assurer un bon contact entre l'extrémité inférieure de la rampe 1 et le radeau 3, et éventuellement par l'engagement au moins partiel de ces deux extensions d'extrémité 31 gonflées par-dessus et derrière une partie du boudin supérieur 33 de flottabilité du radeau 3. Ce boudin transversal 30 et ses extensions d'extrémité 31, ainsi que leurs positions par rapport aux poutres inférieures latérales 6 sont représentés sur les figures 2 et 2c. Pour assurer la solidarisation des différents modules raidisseurs 9 et 10 aux boudins longitudinaux gonflables 8 des trois poutres 5 et 6, les moyens de solidarisation sont avantageusement des dispositifs de fixation mécanique amovibles, d'un type bien connu, comprenant chacun un embout tubulaire extérieurement fileté permettant une liaison vissée à deux raccords étanches fixés chacun sur l'un respectivement de deux boudins gonflables à solidariser l'un à l'autre. Le passage central de l'embout tubulaire est obturé avec étanchéité, lorsque ce dispositif doit uniquement être utilisé pour assurer une fixation mécanique démontable et non continue entre un boudin gonflable 8 d'une poutre longitudinale 5 ou 6 et un boudin gonflable d'un module raidisseur 9 ou 10, et, pour la flxation des modules raidisseurs 9 et 10 aux boudins gonflables 8 des poutres 5 et 6, il n'est pas indispensable de prévoir un tel dispositif de fixation mécanique amovible à chaque zone de contact ou point de tangence entre deux boudins gonflables à solidariser Ces dispositifs de fixation a embout tubulaire extéπeurement fileté sont d'un usage avantageux car, en dégageant le passage central de l'embout tubulaire, le dispositif de fixation mécanique amovible peut simultanément constituer un dispositif d'interconnexion pneumatique entre les deux boudins ainsi mécaniquement reliés l'un à l'autre, de sorte que le gonflage de l'un des deux boudins peut s'effectuer à partir de l'autre C'est ainsi que les différents boudins constituant les structures gonflables indépendantes des différents modules raidisseurs 9 et 10 sont non seulement mécaniquement fixés aux boudins 8 des poutres 5 et 6, mais également gonflés par l'intermédiaire de ces boudins 8, lesquels sont eux mêmes gonflés à partir de bouteilles d'un mélange gazeux comprimé, constitué d'un mélange d'azote et de gaz carbonique, ces bouteilles étant par exemple disposées sous une plaque de base du berceau 4 monté sur le navire 2 pour stocker l'installation de sauvetage comprenant la rampe 1 et le radeau 3 dégonflés et replies, la rampe dégonflée et repliée étant enroulée autour d'un conteneur (non représenté) dans lequel le radeau 3 est logé replié et dégonflé.The bottom of the ramp 1, at its outlet end, comprises an inflatable transverse coil 30 of downstream end, which is secured against the downstream ends of the lower inflatable longitudinal beads 8 of the two lower lateral beams 6, by two zones spaced therefrom. transverse coil 30, which extends laterally and downward, beyond said zones of attachment to the flanges 8 of the beams 6 of the ramp 1, by two end extensions 31, which are inflatable and curved, so as to ensure good contact between the lower end of the ramp 1 and the raft 3, and possibly by the at least partial engagement of these two end extensions 31 inflated over and behind a portion of the upper flotation rod 33 of the raft 3 This transverse bead 30 and its end extensions 31, as well as their positions relative to the lower side beams 6 are shown in Figures 2 and 2c. To ensure the joining of the various stiffening modules 9 and 10 to the longitudinal inflatable rolls 8 of the three beams 5 and 6, the securing means are advantageously removable mechanical fastening devices of a well-known type, each comprising an externally threaded tubular endpiece allowing a connection screwed to two sealed connections each attached to one respectively two inflatable tubes to be secured to one another. The central passage of the tubular endpiece is closed with sealing, when this device must only be used to ensure a removable and non-continuous mechanical fastening between an inflatable bead 8 of a longitudinal beam 5 or 6 and an inflatable bead of a module stiffener 9 or 10, and for the Attaching the stiffening modules 9 and 10 to the inflatable tubes 8 of the beams 5 and 6, it is not essential to provide such a removable mechanical fastening device to each contact zone or point of tangency between two inflatable tubes to be secured These devices of fastening externally threaded tubular end are advantageous because, by releasing the central passage of the tubular end, the removable mechanical fastening device can simultaneously constitute a pneumatic interconnection device between the two flanges thus mechanically connected one to the other, so that the inflation of one of the two flanges can be made from the other It is thus that the different flanges constituting the independent inflatable structures of the different stiffening modules 9 and 10 are not only mechanically attached to the flanges 8 of the beams 5 and 6, but also inflated by means of these flanges 8, which are themselves my inflated from bottles of a compressed gaseous mixture, consisting of a mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, these bottles being for example arranged under a base plate of the cradle 4 mounted on the vessel 2 to store the installation rescue system comprising the ramp 1 and the raft 3 deflated and folded, the deflated and folded ramp being wrapped around a container (not shown) in which the raft 3 is housed folded and deflated.
Concernant l'installation de sauvetage selon l'invention, associant au moins un radeau de sauvetage gonflable à une rampe d'évacuation gonflable, elle ne se distingue essentiellement que par la structure de la rampe 1 elle même de celles déjà décπtes dans WO 95/14605 et représentées déployées et gonflées sur les figures 1 et 2, et en cours de déploiement et de gonflage sur la figure 3 de ce document, d'une part, et, d'autre part, dans FR 2 912 11 1 du Déposant, et représentées en configuration de stockage sur la figure 6, en cours de déploiement et gonflage sur la figure 7 et enfin en configuration d'utilisation sur la figure 8 de ce documentWith regard to the rescue installation according to the invention, associating at least one inflatable life raft with an inflatable evacuation ramp, it is distinguished essentially only by the structure of the ramp 1 itself from those already described in WO 95 / 14605 and shown unfolded and inflated in FIGS. 1 and 2, and being deployed and inflated in FIG. 3 of this document, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, in FR 2 912 11 1 of the Applicant, and shown in storage configuration in FIG. 6, being deployed and inflated in FIG. 7 and finally in use configuration in FIG. 8 of this document
Cependant, si les dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe 1 -radeau 3 peuvent être ceux utilisés dans les installations de sauvetage analogues de l'état de la technique, il est proposé, par la présente invention, d'adopter des dispositifs de liaison différents de ceux connus, et consistant en une application, a la fonction de liaison deformable et libérable a l'interface rampe-radeau, de dispositifs de liaison libérable du type connu dit "à trois anneaux", qui sont schématiquement représentés par la référence 32 sur les figures 2 et 2c, ainsi que sur les figures 8 a 10 correspondant au détail VIII de la figure 1 Ces dispositifs 32 sont deux ensembles latéraux, dont chacun est monté sur la face du boudin gonflable transversal 30 d'extrémité aval qui est tournée vers le radeau 3, et plus précisément vers la partie supéπeure du boudin supeπeur de flottabihté 33 (partiellement coupe sur les figures 8 et 9) du radeau 3, et chacun de ces deux dispositifs 32 est monté sur l'une respectivement de deux zones du boudin 30 qui sont situées a proximité des deux bords latéraux de l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe 1 , sensiblement au niveau où le boudin transversal 30 est solidarisé aux extrémités aval des poutres inférieures latérales 6.However, if the deformable and releasable connecting devices of the ramp 1 -radle 3 interface may be those used in similar rescue installations of the state of the art, it is proposed, by the present invention, to adopt devices different from those known, and consisting of an application, has the deformable and releasable connection function at the ramp-raft interface, releasable connection devices of the known type called "three rings", which are schematically represented by the 32 in Figures 2 and 2c, as well as in Figures 8 to 10 corresponding to detail VIII of Figure 1 These devices 32 are two lateral assemblies, each of which is mounted on the face of the transverse inflatable flange 30 of downstream end which is turned towards the raft 3, and more precisely towards the upper part of the upper float flange 33 (partially cut on the 8 and 9) of the raft 3, and each of these two devices 32 is mounted on one respectively of two zones of the coil 30 which are located near the two side edges of the outlet end of the ramp 1, substantially at the level where the transverse coil 30 is secured to the downstream ends of the lateral lower beams 6.
Comme représente plus en détail sur la figure 9, au niveau d'une partie coupée du boudin supéπeur de flottabihté 33 du radeau 3, le dispositif de liaison 32 est double et comprend deux mécanismes à trois anneaux 34, reliés chacun par une sangle 35 à une plaque 36 porte-sangle, qui est une plaque rigide fixée sur une partie latérale correspondante du boudin transversal 30 et qui présente des passages de sangle. La présence de cette plaque 36 n'est pas indispensable, mais préférée pour le cas d'une liaison de la rampe 1 avec un radeau 3 de grande capacité. Pour une liaison libérable et déformable avec un radeau de petite capacité, les sangles 35 des deux mécanismes 34 peuvent être fixées directement sur le boudin 30 Chaque mécanisme 34 comporte un ensemble dit "élévateur à trois anneaux" 37, dont un grand anneau ou manille 38 est relié par une sangle (non représentée) au radeau 3, cette sangle faisant, par exemple, le tour du boudin supérieur 33 du radeau 3 pour être attachée, à son autre extrémité, au grand anneau ou manille 38 de l'autre mécanisme 34 à trois anneaux du même dispositif 32. Chaque manille 38 liée au radeau 3 est destinée à recevoir un anneau 39 de taille moyenne a l'extrémité d'une boucle de la sangle 35, et cet anneau moyen 39 rabattu vers la sangle 35 est lui-même traversé par un petit anneau 40 retenu par une autre boucle solidaire de la sangle 35 et portant lui même une bouclette traversant une plaquette également solidaire de la sangle 35 et de sorte que la partie de cette bouclette qui fait saillie au-dessus de la plaquette soit traversée par un organe de retenue, tel un système de largage pyrotechnique 41 dit "couteau pyrotechnique" qui permet, par une commande a distance, de libérer la bouclette, dont la libération entraîne la libération du petit anneau 40, lequel peut se dégager de l'anneau moyen 39 qui, à son tour, peut se dégager de la manille 38 en assurant ainsi la libération, au niveau du dispositif 32, du radeau 3 par rapport a la rampe 1 Bien entendu, l'autre mécanisme à trois anneaux est identique et également commandé à distance, pour sa libération, par un autre système de largage pyrotechniqueAs is shown in greater detail in FIG. 9, at a cut portion of the upper float flange 33 of the raft 3, the connecting device 32 is double and comprises two three-ring mechanisms 34, each connected by a strap 35 to a webbing plate 36, which is a rigid plate attached to a corresponding side portion of the transverse web 30 and which has webbing passages. The presence of this plate 36 is not essential, but preferred for the case of a connection of the ramp 1 with a raft 3 of large capacity. For a releasable link and deformable with a raft of small capacity, the straps 35 of the two mechanisms 34 can be fixed directly on the coil 30 Each mechanism 34 comprises a so-called "three-ring elevator" 37, including a large ring or shackle 38 is connected by a strap (not shown) to the raft 3, this strap making, for example, around the upper flange 33 of the raft 3 to be attached at its other end to the large ring or shackle 38 of the other mechanism 34 With three rings of the same device 32. Each shackle 38 connected to the raft 3 is intended to receive a ring 39 of medium size at the end of a loop of the strap 35, and this middle ring 39 folded towards the strap 35 is it -even crossed by a small ring 40 retained by another loop secured to the strap 35 and itself bearing a loop through a plate also secured to the strap 35 and so that the part of this loop that protruding above the plate is crossed by a retaining member, such as a pyrotechnic release system 41 called "pyrotechnic knife" which allows, by a remote control, to release the loop, the release of which causes the release of the small ring 40, which can be released from the middle ring 39 which, in turn, can be released from the shackle 38 thus ensuring the release, at the device 32, the raft 3 relative to the ramp 1 Of course, the other three-ring mechanism is identical and also controlled remotely, for its release, by another pyrotechnic release system
41. En variante, le déclenchement à distance peut être assuré par un actionneur pneumatique, et, selon une autre variante, le déclenchement peut s'effectuer manuellement par un opérateur se trouvant dans le radeau 3.41. Alternatively, the remote triggering can be provided by a pneumatic actuator, and, in another variant, the trigger can be performed manually by an operator in the raft 3.
Concernant la liaison de la rampe 1 par son extrémité supérieure au berceau de stockage 4 monté sur le navire 2, elle peut être réalisée comme dans les installations de sauvetage de l'état de la technique.Regarding the connection of the ramp 1 by its upper end to the storage cradle 4 mounted on the ship 2, it can be performed as in the rescue facilities of the state of the art.
Cependant, l'installation de sauvetage de l'invention comporte de préférence un berceau de stockage et largage 4 de l'ensemble constitué d'un conteneur, contenant au moins un radeau tel que 3 et ses moyens de gonflage, et la rampe 1 enroulée autour de ce conteneur. Ce berceau 4 peut comporter une plaque de poussée, à face frontale concave, pour pousser au moins une partie de l'ensemble rampe-conteneur à radeau sur une plaque coulissante 42, qui coulisse sur la plaque de base du berceau 4 recouvrant les bouteilles de gonflage de la rampe 1, cette plaque coulissante 42 venant en débordement, en saillie par rapport au pont du navire 2, pour le largage de l'ensemble rampe-conteneur à radeau avec un dégagement par rapport au bord du pont du navire 2, après qu'une plaque basculante a fait venir ledit ensemble sur la plaque coulissante 42 en provoquant un début de déroulement de la partie d'extrémité supérieure de la rampe 1. Cette dernière peut donc être déployée puis gonflée sans risque d'interférence ni d'accrochage avec des organes ou accident de surface sur la coque du navire 2, au droit du berceau 4 de stockage et largage.However, the rescue installation of the invention preferably comprises a cradle for storing and releasing 4 of the assembly consisting of a container, containing at least one raft such as 3 and its inflation means, and the ramp 1 wound around this container. This cradle 4 may comprise a thrust plate, concave front face, to push at least a portion of the raft ramp-container assembly on a sliding plate 42, which slides on the base plate of the cradle 4 covering the bottles of inflating the ramp 1, this sliding plate 42 overflowing, projecting from the deck of the ship 2, for the release of the ramp-container raft assembly with a clearance from the deck edge of the ship 2, after a tilting plate has brought said assembly on the sliding plate 42 causing a beginning of unwinding of the upper end portion of the ramp 1. The latter can be deployed and inflated without risk of interference or snagging with organs or surface accident on the hull of the ship 2, right of the cradle 4 storage and release.
Pour augmenter le débit d'évacuation par la rampe 1, il est avantageux de subdiviser la glissière 7 en deux pistes adjacentes 7a et 7b (voir figure 5) par une cloison souple de séparation 7c supportant le milieu de la glissière 7 et suspendue à la partie supérieure 5, sur toute la longueur de la rampe 1. Cette variante convient aux navires transportant de nombreux passagers. To increase the evacuation flow rate by the ramp 1, it is advantageous to subdivide the slideway 7 into two adjacent tracks 7a and 7b (see FIG. 5) by a flexible dividing partition 7c supporting the middle of the slideway 7 and suspended at the upper part 5, over the entire length of the ramp 1. This variant is suitable for ships carrying many passengers.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 Rampe d'évacuation gonflable, pour évacuer des personnes d'un navire (2) vers au moins un radeau (3) de sauvetage gonflable, ladite rampe (1) comprenant • - trois poutres (5, 6) longitudinales multiples, comportant chacune au moins deux boudins (8) longitudinaux, individuellement gonflables, solidarises côte à côte et adjacents sur leur longueur, dont deux poutres inférieures latérales (6) et une poutre supéπeure centrale (5), espacées l'une de l'autre transversalement à leur longueur et sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre à l'état gonflé , - une glissière (7) souple, destinée à supporter des personnes pendant leur évacuation par la rampe (1), ladite glissière (7) reliant les deux poutres inféπeures latérales (6) et s 'étendant en continu entre elles et sur toute la longueur de la rampe (1), de son extrémité d'entrée, équipée de moyens de liaison au navire 1 inflatable evacuation ramp, for evacuating people from a ship (2) to at least one inflatable life raft (3), said ramp (1) comprising • - three multiple longitudinal beams (5, 6), each comprising at least two longitudinal tubes (8), individually inflatable, joined side by side and adjacent along their length, including two lower lateral beams (6) and a central upper beam (5), spaced from one another transversely to their length and substantially parallel to each other in the inflated state, - a flexible slide (7), intended to support people during their evacuation by the ramp (1), said slide (7) connecting the two lower beams lateral (6) and extending continuously between them and over the entire length of the ramp (1), from its entry end, equipped with means of connection to the ship
(2), à son extrémité de sortie, équipée de dispositifs de liaison déformables et libérables d'interface rampe (I)- radeau (3) , des entretoises inférieures, comportant des boudins inféπeurs (14, 24) gonflables solidarisés aux deux poutres inféπeures latérales (6) et s'étendant sous la glissière (7) d'évacuation ; des entretoises latérales, comportant des boudins latéraux (12, 13, 19, 20, 27, 28) gonflables, solidarisés à la poutre supéπeure centrale (5) et aux poutres inféπeures latérales (6), de sorte à πgidifier la structure de la rampe (1), à l'état gonflé, en lui conférant une section transversale, sensiblement perpendiculairement aux poutres longitudinales (5, 6), de forme globale tπangulaire, caractéπsée en ce que des boudins gonflables (12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 24) des entretoises latérales et inféπeures sont agencés en cadres raidisseurs fermés (11, 18), gonflables, polygonaux à l'état gonflé, entourant les trois poutres longitudinales (5, 6) auxquelles lesdits boudins des cadres raidisseurs (1 1 , 18) sont relies par des moyens de solidaπsation et des moyens de gonflage par l'intermédiaire desdites poutres longitudinales (5, 6) 2 Rampe selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que lesdites entretoises latérales et infeπeures sont agencées en modules raidisseurs (9, 10), gonflables, mécaniquement et pneumatiquement indépendants les uns des autres, traversés chacun par la glissière (7) et les poutres longitudinales (5, 6), et accolés les uns aux autres par leur base, de l'une à l'autre des deux extrémités de la rampe (1), lesdits modules raidisseurs (9, 10) étant reliés aux trois poutres longitudinales (5, 6) par des moyens de sohdaπsation et des moyens de gonflage(2), at its outlet end, equipped with deformable and releasable ramp (I)-raft (3) interface connection devices, lower spacers, comprising inflatable lower tubes (14, 24) secured to the two lower beams side (6) and extending under the evacuation slide (7); lateral spacers, comprising inflatable lateral flanges (12, 13, 19, 20, 27, 28), secured to the upper central beam (5) and to the lower lateral beams (6), so as to stiffen the structure of the ramp (1), in the inflated state, giving it a cross section, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal beams (5, 6), of overall tπangular shape, characterized in that inflatable tubes (12, 13, 14, 19, 20 , 24) lateral and lower spacers are arranged in closed stiffening frames (11, 18), inflatable, polygonal in the inflated state, surrounding the three longitudinal beams (5, 6) to which said flanges of the stiffening frames (1 1, 18 ) are connected by solidaπsation means and inflation means via said longitudinal beams (5, 6) 2 Ramp according to claim 1, characterized in that said lateral and lower spacers are arranged in stiffening modules (9, 10 ), inflatable, mechanically and pneumatically independent of each other, each crossed by the slide (7) and the longitudinal beams (5, 6), and attached to each other by their base, from one to the other of the two ends of the ramp (1), said stiffening modules (9, 10) being connected to the three longitudinal beams (5, 6) by means of reinforcement and means of inflation
3 Rampe selon la revendication 2, caractéπsée en ce que chaque module raidisseur (9, 10) est un ensemble compartimenté composé de plusieurs structures gonflables (1 1, 18, 26) solidaires entre elles, chaque structure gonflable délimitant un compartiment étanche et individuellement gonflable par rapport aux autres compartiments dudit ensemble.3 Ramp according to claim 2, characterized in that each stiffening module (9, 10) is a compartmentalized assembly composed of several inflatable structures (1 1, 18, 26) integral with each other, each inflatable structure delimiting a sealed and individually inflatable compartment compared to the other compartments of said assembly.
4 Rampe selon la revendications 3, caractéπsée en ce que chaque module raidisseur (9, 10) comprend au moins une structure gonflable formant, à l'état gonflé, un cadre raidisseur fermé hexagonal (1 1), comportant trois boudins longs (12, 13, 14), constituant deux entretoises latérales (12, 13) et une entretoise inférieure (14), en alternance avec trois boudms courts (15, 16, 17), constituant deux raccords latéraux inféπeurs (16, 17) des extrémités latérales de l 'entretoise inférieure (14) aux extrémités inférieures des entretoises latérales (12, 13), et une entretoise supéπeure (15) courte, raccordant les extrémités supérieures des deux entretoises latérales (12, 13)4 Ramp according to claim 3, characterized in that each stiffening module (9, 10) comprises at least one inflatable structure forming, in the inflated state, a closed hexagonal stiffening frame (1 1), comprising three long tubes (12, 13, 14), constituting two lateral spacers (12, 13) and a lower spacer (14), alternating with three short arms (15, 16, 17), constituting two lower lateral connections (16, 17) of the lateral ends of the lower spacer (14) at the lower ends of the side spacers (12, 13), and a short upper spacer (15), connecting the upper ends of the two side spacers (12, 13)
5 Rampe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce que chaque module raidisseur (9, 10) présente, à l'état gonflé, une forme générale externe de tronc de pyramide creux à base carrée ou rectangulaire, dont les arrêtes inclinées sont formées par des boudins (12, 13, 19, 20, 27, 28) d'entretoise latérale délimitant deux faces latérales opposées sensiblement triangulaires, une face amont, tournée vers l'extrémité d'entrée de la rampe (1), et une face aval, tournée vers l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe (1), également opposées et sensiblement triangulaires, les faces amont et aval étant traversées par les trois poutres longitudinales (5, 6) et la glissière (7), et la base de chaque module raidisseur (9, 10) est formée par un boudin (14) d'entretoise inféπeure amont et un boudin (14) d'entretoise inféπeure aval qui, à l'état gonflé du module raidisseur (9, 10), sont contreventés par une entretoise sensiblement en x (24, 24) s'etendant sous les deux poutres inférieures latérales (6) et la glissière (7)5 Ramp according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that each stiffening module (9, 10) has, in the inflated state, a general external shape of a hollow truncated pyramid with a square or rectangular base, whose inclined edges are formed by flanges (12, 13, 19, 20, 27, 28) of lateral spacer delimiting two opposite substantially triangular lateral faces, an upstream face, turned towards the entry end of the ramp (1) , and a downstream face, facing the exit end of the ramp (1), also opposite and substantially triangular, the upstream and downstream faces being crossed by the three longitudinal beams (5, 6) and the slide (7), and the base of each stiffening module (9, 10) is formed by an upstream lower spacer flange (14) and a downstream lower spacer flange (14) which, in the inflated state of the stiffening module (9, 10) ), are braced by a substantially x-shaped spacer (24, 24) extending under the two lower lateral beams (6) and the slide (7)
6 Rampe selon la revendication 5, telle que rattachée à la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que chaque module raidisseur (9, 10) comprend, à l' état gonflé, un cadre hexagonal externe (11) amont et un cadre hexagonal externe (1 1) aval, constituant chacun une structure gonflable indépendante, doublée, le long de ses deux boudins longs ( 12, 13) d'entretoise latérale et ses trois boudins courts (15, 16, 17), et vers l'intérieur du module (9, 10), par deux boudins longs (19, 20) et trois boudins courts (21, 22, 23) homologues respectivement d'un cadre polygonal interne (18) amont et d'un cadre polygonal interne (18) aval, constituant chacun une autre structure gonflable indépendante, et comportant chacun également un boudin inférieur (24) en forme de U évasé, raccordé par les extrémités des branches du U aux deux boudins courts latéraux inférieurs (22, 23) du cadre polygonal interne (18) amont ou aval correspondant, tandis que chaque boudin inférieur (24) en U est solidarisé sur la longueur de la base (25) du U à la base (25) du U du boudin inférieur (24) homologue de l'autre cadre polygonal interne (18), pour former l'entretoise sensiblement en x de la base dudit module raidisseur (9, 10).6 Ramp according to claim 5, as attached to claim 4, characterized in that each stiffening module (9, 10) comprises, in the inflated state, an upstream external hexagonal frame (11) and an external hexagonal frame (1 1) downstream, each constituting an independent, doubled inflatable structure, along its two long flanges (12, 13) of lateral spacer and its three short flanges (15, 16, 17), and towards the inside of the module (9, 10), by two long tubes (19, 20) and three short tubes (21, 22, 23) homologous respectively to an internal polygonal frame (18) upstream and an internal polygonal frame (18) downstream , each constituting another independent inflatable structure, and each also comprising a lower flange (24) in the shape of a flared U, connected by the ends of the branches of the U to the two lower short lateral flanges (22, 23) of the internal polygonal frame (18 ) corresponding upstream or downstream, while each U-shaped lower flange (24) is secured along the length of the base (25) of the U to the base (25) of the U of the lower flange (24) homologous to the other polygonal frame internal (18), to form the substantially x-shaped spacer of the base of said stiffening module (9, 10).
7. Rampe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, à chacune de ses deux extrémités, l'un respectivement de deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité (9) qui sont plus rigides à l'état gonflé que des modules raidisseurs intermédiaires (10) montés entre les deux modules raidisseurs d'extrémité (9). 7. Ramp according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that it comprises, at each of its two ends, one respectively of two end stiffening modules (9) which are more rigid at the inflated state as the intermediate stiffening modules (10) mounted between the two end stiffening modules (9).
8. Rampe selon la revendication 7 telle que rattachée à la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que chaque module raidisseur d'extrémité (9) comprend un plus grand nombre de structures gonflables que chaque module raidisseur intermédiaire (10).8. Ramp according to claim 7 as attached to claim 3, characterized in that each end stiffening module (9) comprises a greater number of inflatable structures than each intermediate stiffening module (10).
9. Rampe selon la revendication 8 telle que rattachée à la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module raidisseur d'extrémité (9) comprend au moins deux structures gonflables indépendantes (26), supplémentaires, chacune de forme globale en V renversé, et constituée de deux boudins longs (27, 28) d'entretoise latérale et d'un boudin court (29) d'entretoise supérieure courte, qui sont solidarisés sur leur longueur respectivement sur l'extérieur des deux boudins longs (12, 13) d'entretoise latérale et du boudin court (15) d'entretoise supérieure courte de l'un respectivement des cadres externes (1 1) amont et aval, de sorte que ledit au moins un module raidisseur d'extrémité (9) comporte au moins six structures gonflables indépendantes.9. Ramp according to claim 8 as attached to claim 6, characterized in that at least one end stiffening module (9) comprises at least two additional independent inflatable structures (26), each of overall V shape inverted, and consisting of two long flanges (27, 28) of lateral spacer and a short flange (29) of short upper spacer, which are secured along their length respectively on the outside of the two long flanges (12, 13) of lateral spacer and the short flange (15) of short upper spacer of one respectively of the upstream and downstream external frames (1 1), so that said at least one end stiffening module (9) comprises at least six independent inflatable structures.
10. Rampe selon la revendication 3 ou l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 9 telle que rattachée à la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les structures gonflables homologues de deux modules raidisseurs (9, 10) adjacents de la rampe ( 1) sont majoritairement raccordées par des moyens de gonflage individuels à des boudins longitudinaux (8) gonflables différents desdites poutres longitudinales (5, 6).10. Ramp according to claim 3 or any one of claims 4 to 9 as attached to claim 3, characterized in that the homologous inflatable structures of two adjacent stiffening modules (9, 10) of the ramp (1) are mainly connected by individual inflation means to inflatable longitudinal tubes (8) different from said longitudinal beams (5, 6).
1 1. Rampe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe ( 1 ) comprend un boudin transversal (30) gonflable d'extrémité aval, qui est solidarisé par deux zones espacées contre les extrémités aval de boudins longitudinaux (8) gonflables des deux poutres inféπeures latérales (6), et qui se prolonge latéralement et vers le bas, au-delà de ses zones de sohdaπsation aux deux poutres inférieures latérales (6) de la rampe (1), par deux extensions d'extrémité (31) gonflables et recourbées, permettant une extension de la zone de contact entre la rampe (1 ) et ledit radeau (3)1 1. Ramp according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the outlet end of the ramp (1) comprises an inflatable transverse flange (30). downstream end, which is secured by two zones spaced against the downstream ends of inflatable longitudinal flanges (8) of the two lower lateral beams (6), and which extends laterally and downwards, beyond its sohdaπsation zones to the two lower lateral beams (6) of the ramp (1), by two inflatable and curved end extensions (31), allowing an extension of the contact zone between the ramp (1) and said raft (3)
12 Rampe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 1 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de sohdaπsation sont des dispositifs de fixation mécanique amovible aptes a assurer une sohdaπsation non continue entre les boudins gonflables (8) des poutres longitudinales (5, 6) et des boudins gonflables (12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 24) d'entretoise latérale et inféπeure12 Ramp according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that said sohdaπsation means are removable mechanical fixing devices capable of ensuring non-continuous sohdaπsation between the inflatable tubes (8) of the longitudinal beams (5, 6 ) and inflatable tubes (12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 24) of lateral and lower spacer
13 Rampe selon la revendication 12, caractéπsée en ce que certains des dispositifs de fixation mécanique amovible des boudins gonflables (8) des poutres (5, 6) aux boudins gonflables (12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 24) d'entretoise latérale ou inféπeure constituent simultanément lesdits moyens de gonflage desdits boudins d'entretoise13 Ramp according to claim 12, characterized in that some of the removable mechanical fixing devices of the inflatable tubes (8) of the beams (5, 6) to the inflatable tubes (12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 24) of spacer lateral or lower simultaneously constitute said means of inflating said spacer flanges
14 Installation de sauvetage, pour les passagers et/ou membres d'équipage d'un navire (2), comprenant au moins un radeau de sauvetage (3) gonflable, logé à l'état dégonflé et plié et avec des moyens de gonflage associés dans un conteneur, autour duquel est enroulée, a l'état dégonflé et plié, une rampe d'évacuation gonflable, dont une extrémité d'entrée est rattachée au navire (2) par des moyens de liaison et une extrémité de sortie rattachée audit radeau (3) dans le conteneur par des dispositifs de liaison (32) déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau, caractéπsée en ce que ladite rampe est une rampe (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13 précédentes.14 Rescue installation, for passengers and/or crew members of a ship (2), comprising at least one inflatable life raft (3), housed in a deflated and folded state and with associated inflation means in a container, around which is wound, in the deflated and folded state, an inflatable evacuation ramp, an entry end of which is attached to the ship (2) by connecting means and an exit end attached to said raft (3) in the container by deformable and releasable ramp-raft interface connection devices (32), characterized in that said ramp is a ramp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13.
15 Installation selon la revendication 14, caractéπsée en ce que lesdits dispositifs de liaison (32) déformables et libérables d'interface rampe-radeau sont deux ensembles latéraux, montés chacun à proximité de l'un respectivement des deux bords latéraux de l'extrémité de sortie de la rampe (1), et comprenant chacun deux dispositifs de liaison libérables du type connu dit « à trois anneaux » (34), à déclenchement à distance, tel que pneumatique ou pyrotechnique, ou encore manuel et local, reliés a la rampe ( 1) par des sangles (35) et audit radeau (3) par d'autres sangles rattachées à au moins un anneau (38) desdits dispositifs à trois anneaux (34)15 Installation according to claim 14, characterized in that said deformable and releasable ramp-raft interface connection devices (32) are two lateral assemblies, each mounted near one respectively of the two lateral edges of the end of exit from the ramp (1), and each comprising two releasable connection devices of the known type known as “three rings” (34), with remote triggering, such as pneumatic or pyrotechnic, or even manual and local, connected to the ramp (1) by straps (35) and said raft (3) by other straps attached to at least one ring (38) of said three-ring devices (34)
16 Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 et 15, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble constitue du conteneur, contenant au moins un radeau (3) et ses moyens de gonflage, et la rampe (1) enroulée autour du conteneur est logé dans un berceau (4) de stockage et largage dudit ensemble, le berceau (4) étant destiné à être fixé sur le pont dudit navire (2), Ie berceau (4) comportant une plaque de poussée, à face frontale concave apte à pousser ledit ensemble sur une plaque coulissante (42) de débordement, apte à venir en saillie par rapport au pont dudit navire (2), ainsi qu'une plaque basculante, pour assurer le largage et le déploiement de l'ensemble conteneur- rampe avec dégagement par rapport au bord du pont du navire (2). 16 Installation according to any one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the assembly constitutes a container, containing at least one raft (3) and its inflation means, and the ramp (1) wrapped around the container is housed in a cradle (4) for storing and releasing said assembly, the cradle (4) being intended to be fixed on the deck of said ship (2), the cradle (4) comprising a pushing plate, with a concave front face capable of pushing said assembly onto a sliding overflow plate (42), capable of projecting relative to the deck of said ship (2), as well as a tilting plate, to ensure the release and deployment of the container-ramp assembly with clearance from the edge of the ship's deck (2).
EP10737991.9A 2009-06-12 2010-06-10 Inflatable evacuation ramp and ship rescue equipment including same Active EP2440446B1 (en)

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FR0953938A FR2946615B1 (en) 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 INFLATABLE EXHAUST RAMP, AND RESCUE INSTALLATION FOR SHIP, COMPRISING SAME.
PCT/FR2010/051166 WO2010142922A1 (en) 2009-06-12 2010-06-10 Inflatable evacuation ramp and ship rescue equipment including same

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GB2555576B (en) * 2016-10-26 2021-09-15 Survitec Group Ltd Evacuation system
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WO2019021332A1 (en) * 2017-07-27 2019-01-31 Progetech S.R.L. Modular and orientable emergency evacuation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2440446B1 (en) 2013-06-05
FR2946615B1 (en) 2011-05-27
AU2010258451A1 (en) 2012-01-19
DK2440446T3 (en) 2013-07-22
KR20120034190A (en) 2012-04-10
US20120100765A1 (en) 2012-04-26
WO2010142922A1 (en) 2010-12-16
AU2010258451B2 (en) 2016-02-04
CN102803062A (en) 2012-11-28
KR101613185B1 (en) 2016-04-18
FR2946615A1 (en) 2010-12-17
CA2764771A1 (en) 2010-12-16
CA2764771C (en) 2016-10-04

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