EP3475164B1 - Sail propulsion element comprising an inflatable sail with a symmetrical profile - Google Patents
Sail propulsion element comprising an inflatable sail with a symmetrical profile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3475164B1 EP3475164B1 EP17743078.2A EP17743078A EP3475164B1 EP 3475164 B1 EP3475164 B1 EP 3475164B1 EP 17743078 A EP17743078 A EP 17743078A EP 3475164 B1 EP3475164 B1 EP 3475164B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sail
- cavity
- mast
- inflatable
- profile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000002228 Cynara humilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005921 Cynara humilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001125831 Istiophoridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
- B63H9/0615—Inflatable aerofoil sails
Definitions
- the present invention lies in the field of velic propulsion.
- an inflatable boat comprising a self-supporting inflatable sail made of flexible plastic material.
- the sail comprises a first outer shell having, when inflated, the shape of a geometric solid of substantially constant cross section.
- FR 2 432 431 A1 describes a device for propelling, by the force of the wind, boats of all sizes or land vehicles comprising at least one wing in inflatable structure.
- Publication No. FR 1 464 877 A describes a vehicle propelled by natural wind comprising a canopy inflated by the total pressure of the relative wind thanks to an air sock placed at the top of the mast.
- the inflatable sails of the state of the art have several drawbacks.
- the canopy is only inflated initially. In this configuration, it is not possible to compensate for any air leaks inside the sail.
- the sail is passively inflated, by continuously introducing air (wind) into the sail.
- this configuration has the drawback of not having a sufficiently inflated sail at the start, especially when the wind is weak, or even nonexistent.
- the velic propulsion element according to the present invention overcomes the aforementioned problems.
- It comprises an inflatable sail consisting essentially of two adjacent surfaces which are substantially sealed and interconnected around their periphery, thereby forming at least one cavity between them; the element further comprising a duct disposed between the interior and the exterior of the cavity and means for injecting air into the latter; the element characterized by the fact that the sail, once inflated, has a profile which remains permanently symmetrical, regardless of the displacement of the element, the direction or the intensity of the wind.
- the element also comprises means for withdrawing air from the cavity, thus making it possible to regulate the pressure inside the latter.
- These means also make it possible to empty the air which is in the cavity, prior to stowing the sail or if it is desired to reduce the surface of the sail.
- the surfaces are rigid.
- the air injection means (eg a turbine) operate continuously, so as to continuously inject an air flow through at least one orifice between the 2 adjacent surfaces in order to separate them from the one from the other by inflation and to put them in tension between multiple transverse connecting elements giving the airfoil once inflated its final plan shape with in its thickness the shape of a supporting aerodynamic profile.
- the pressure managed by the air injection means can be very low, typically a few 100 Pa. It therefore requires very little energy to operate.
- the profile thus obtained is substantially symmetrical, which allows the airfoil to operate indifferently in both directions of advance with respect to the wind.
- the pressure generated by the air injection means can be regulated so as to always be sufficient for the airfoil to acquire and maintain its shape in plan and in thickness in no wind and / or strong and turbulent.
- the invention also relates to a velic propulsion vehicle, eg a sailboat, comprising a base and one or more velic propulsion elements as described above.
- a velic propulsion vehicle eg a sailboat
- Each element of velic propulsion is associated with a mast which passes through the cavity of the element.
- aerodynamic forces produced by the air flow around the profile are taken up along the rig, at a place located at the level of the transverse elements, not on the front of the profile, but substantially at the center of thrust. aerodynamic which is located on the axis of symmetry of the profile, substantially towards 25% of its front end, thus giving the airfoil a substantially neutral behavior at all operating speeds.
- the sail is flexible, but it can also be rigid, as indicated above.
- any air injection system suitable for the intended use can be used. It may, for example, be a turbine powered by a battery.
- the mast can retract along its length (telescopic mast), which allows the vehicle to cross obstacles such as bridges or reduce the surface area in strong winds.
- FIG. 1 shows a sailboat 1 mainly comprising a hull 3, a mast 4 and a sail 2 made up of a plurality of cells 5 interconnected by orifices (not shown), the set of cells 5 forming a single cavity 8.
- a partial boom 12 connects the mast 4 to the sail 2. Its dimensions are small and it is not necessary for it to be rigid because, unlike the booms of the state of the art which also serve to tension the sail, its The only function is to make it easier to rotate the sail 2 around the mast 4. In fact, in the context of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide the sailboat with a boom (partial or normal).
- the sail 2 is permanently inflated by means of a turbine 6 placed in the lower part of the sail 2.
- a duct 11 connects the turbine with the interior of the cavity 8.
- the figure 2 represents the sailboat of the figure 1 but with sail 2 deflated. This configuration is obtained after stopping the turbine 6. The deflation can be accentuated if the operation of the turbine is reversed to induce a vacuum inside the cavity 8.
- the figure 3 represents a front view of the sailboat from the figure 1 .
- the figure 4 particularly emphasizes the symmetry of the profile of the sail 2.
- the wind is behind the hull.
- the sail 2 is oriented so as to benefit from a pushing force.
- Sail 2 shown on figure 7 to a reduced surface. More precisely, its lower part is deflated.
- the length of the mast 4 can be fixed or variable. It can, for example, be reduced by means of a telescopic mast.
- the sail in all the aforementioned positions, the sail always has a symmetrical profile. This configuration offers in particular the advantage of reducing the energy to be expended to maintain the sail in the desired orientation.
- the pressure inside the cavity can be continuously regulated.
- the sail By increasing it, the sail is tighter and stronger. This configuration can be very useful during strong swell movements or controlling the twist of the sail. By reducing it, the volume of the cavity and the surface of the sail can be reduced.
- the air inlet can be located anywhere, eg through the mast when the latter passes through the cavity. In this case, the filling and emptying are carried out through the mast.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Description
La présente invention se situe dans le domaine de la propulsion vélique.The present invention lies in the field of velic propulsion.
Elle concerne plus précisément une voile gonflable.It relates more specifically to an inflatable sail.
L'utilisation d'éléments gonflables pour la propulsion vélique est connue. Voir en particulier les publications brevets suivantes :
La publication internationale N°
La publication N°
La publication N°
Les voiles gonflables de l'état de la technique comportent cependant plusieurs inconvénients. Dans certains cas la voile est seulement gonflée initialement. Dans cette configuration il n'est pas possible de compenser des éventuelles fuites d'air à l'intérieur de la voile. Dans d'autres cas, la voile est gonflée passivement, par introduction d'air (vent) en permanence dans la voile. Cette configuration présente toutefois l'inconvénient de ne pas avoir au départ une voile suffisamment gonflée, surtout lorsque le vent est faible, voire inexistant.The inflatable sails of the state of the art, however, have several drawbacks. In some cases the canopy is only inflated initially. In this configuration, it is not possible to compensate for any air leaks inside the sail. In other cases, the sail is passively inflated, by continuously introducing air (wind) into the sail. However, this configuration has the drawback of not having a sufficiently inflated sail at the start, especially when the wind is weak, or even nonexistent.
L'élément de propulsion vélique selon la présente invention permet de remédier aux problèmes précités.The velic propulsion element according to the present invention overcomes the aforementioned problems.
Il comprend une voile gonflable constituée essentiellement de deux surfaces adjacentes sensiblement étanches et reliées entre elles sur leur pourtour, formant de la sorte entre elles au moins une cavité ; l'élément comprenant en outre un conduit disposé entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur de la cavité et des moyens pour injecter de l'air dans cette dernière ; l'élément se caractérisant par le fait que la voile, une fois gonflée, présente un profil qui reste en permanence symétrique, indépendamment du déplacement de l'élément, de la direction ou de l'intensité du vent.It comprises an inflatable sail consisting essentially of two adjacent surfaces which are substantially sealed and interconnected around their periphery, thereby forming at least one cavity between them; the element further comprising a duct disposed between the interior and the exterior of the cavity and means for injecting air into the latter; the element characterized by the fact that the sail, once inflated, has a profile which remains permanently symmetrical, regardless of the displacement of the element, the direction or the intensity of the wind.
Selon une variante de l'invention l'élément comprend également des moyens pour retirer de l'air de la cavité, rendant ainsi possible une régulation de la pression à l'intérieure de celle-ci. Ces moyens permettent également de vider l'air qui se trouve dans la cavité, préalablement au rangement de la voile ou si l'on souhaite diminuer la surface de la voile.According to a variant of the invention, the element also comprises means for withdrawing air from the cavity, thus making it possible to regulate the pressure inside the latter. These means also make it possible to empty the air which is in the cavity, prior to stowing the sail or if it is desired to reduce the surface of the sail.
Selon une autre variante de l'invention, les surfaces sont rigides.According to another variant of the invention, the surfaces are rigid.
Les moyens d'injection d'air (p.ex. une turbine) fonctionnent en continu, de sorte à injecter en permanence un flux d'air au travers d'au moins un orifice entre les 2 surfaces adjacentes afin de les écarter l'une de l'autre par gonflage et de les mettre en tension entre des éléments de liaison transversaux multiples conférant à la voilure une fois gonflée sa forme en plan définitive avec dans son épaisseur la forme d'un profil aérodynamique porteur. Avantageusement la pression gérée par les moyens d'injection d'air peut être très faible, typiquement de quelques 100 Pa. Elle ne nécessite donc que très peu d'énergie pour fonctionner.The air injection means (eg a turbine) operate continuously, so as to continuously inject an air flow through at least one orifice between the 2 adjacent surfaces in order to separate them from the one from the other by inflation and to put them in tension between multiple transverse connecting elements giving the airfoil once inflated its final plan shape with in its thickness the shape of a supporting aerodynamic profile. Advantageously, the pressure managed by the air injection means can be very low, typically a few 100 Pa. It therefore requires very little energy to operate.
Le profil ainsi obtenu est sensiblement symétrique, ce qui permet à la voilure d'opérer indifféremment dans les deux sens d'avancement par rapport au vent. La pression générée par les moyens d'injection d'air peut être régulée de façon à être toujours suffisante pour que la voilure acquiert et maintienne sa forme en plan et en épaisseur par vent nul et ou forts et turbulents.The profile thus obtained is substantially symmetrical, which allows the airfoil to operate indifferently in both directions of advance with respect to the wind. The pressure generated by the air injection means can be regulated so as to always be sufficient for the airfoil to acquire and maintain its shape in plan and in thickness in no wind and / or strong and turbulent.
L'invention concerne également un véhicule à propulsion vélique, p.ex. un voilier, comportant une base et un ou plusieurs éléments de propulsion vélique tels que décrits précédemment. A chaque élément de propulsion vélique est associé un mât qui traverse la cavité de l'élément. Dans cette configuration les forces aérodynamiques produites par l'écoulement de l'air autour du profil sont reprises le long du gréement, à un endroit situé au niveau des éléments transversaux, non pas sur l'avant du profil, mais sensiblement au centre de poussée aérodynamique qui est situé sur l'axe de symétrie du profil, sensiblement vers 25 % de son extrémité avant, conférant ainsi à la voilure un comportement sensiblement neutre à toutes les allures de fonctionnement.The invention also relates to a velic propulsion vehicle, eg a sailboat, comprising a base and one or more velic propulsion elements as described above. Each element of velic propulsion is associated with a mast which passes through the cavity of the element. In this configuration, the aerodynamic forces produced by the air flow around the profile are taken up along the rig, at a place located at the level of the transverse elements, not on the front of the profile, but substantially at the center of thrust. aerodynamic which is located on the axis of symmetry of the profile, substantially towards 25% of its front end, thus giving the airfoil a substantially neutral behavior at all operating speeds.
De préférence la voile est souple, mais elle peut également être rigide, comme indiqué précédemment.Preferably the sail is flexible, but it can also be rigid, as indicated above.
N'importe quel système d'injection d'air adapté à l'usage recherché peut être utilisé. Il peut p.ex. s'agir d'une turbine alimentée par une batterie. Avantageusement le mât peut se rétracter selon sa longueur (mât télescopique), ce qui permet au véhicule de franchir des obstacles tels que ponts ou réduire la surface vélique par vent fort.Any air injection system suitable for the intended use can be used. It may, for example, be a turbine powered by a battery. Advantageously, the mast can retract along its length (telescopic mast), which allows the vehicle to cross obstacles such as bridges or reduce the surface area in strong winds.
L'invention est décrite de manière plus détaillée dans ce chapitre, notamment au moyen d'exemples et de figures qui sont brièvement résumées comme suit :
- La
Figure 1 représente un élément de propulsion vélique selon l'invention, en position de fonctionnement. - La
Figure 2 représente l'élément de lafigure 1 , mais en position de repos. - La
Figure 3 représente une vue de face de l'élément de lafigure 1 . - La
Figure 4 représente une vue de dessus de l'élément de lafigure 1 . - Les
Figures 5A à 5D montrent différentes situations de fonctionnement par rapport à la direction du vent. - La
Figure 6 illustre une répartition des forces résultantes qui agissent sur la voile pour une incidence du vent donnée qui correspond à la position de lafigure 5B -
Figure 7 représente un élément de propulsion vélique selon l'invention, avec une surface réduite.
- The
Figure 1 represents a velic propulsion element according to the invention, in the operating position. - The
Figure 2 represents the element offigure 1 , but in the rest position. - The
Figure 3 represents a front view of the element of thefigure 1 . - The
Figure 4 represents a top view of the element of thefigure 1 . - The
Figures 5A to 5D show different operating situations with respect to the wind direction. - The
Figure 6 illustrates a distribution of the resulting forces acting on the sail for a given wind incidence which corresponds to the position of thefigure 5B -
Figure 7 represents a velic propulsion element according to the invention, with a reduced surface.
Les références numériques suivantes sont utilisées dans les figures :
- 1.
- Voilier
- 2.
- Voile
- 3.
- Coque
- 4.
- Mât
- 5.
- Cellule
- 6.
- Turbine
- 7.
- Axe de symétrie du profil
- 8.
- Cavité
- 9.
- 1ere surface
- 10.2e
- surface
- 11.
- Conduit
- 12.
- Bôme
- 1.
- Sailing ship
- 2.
- Sail
- 3.
- Shell
- 4.
- Mast
- 5.
- Cell
- 6.
- Turbine
- 7.
- Profile axis of symmetry
- 8.
- Cavity
- 9.
- 1st surface
- 10.2e
- area
- 11.
- Led
- 12.
- Boom
L'exemple de la
La voile 2 est gonflée en permanence au moyen d'une turbine 6 disposée dans la partie inférieure de la voile 2. Un conduit 11 relie la turbine avec l'intérieur de la cavité 8.The
La
La
Il convient de relever que sur les
La
Sur la
Sur la
Sur la
Sur la
Sur la
La voile 2 illustrée sur la
Il convient de relever que dans toutes les positions précitées, la voile présente toujours un profil symétrique. Cette configuration offre notamment l'avantage de réduire l'énergie à dépenser pour maintenir la voile selon l'orientation souhaitée.It should be noted that in all the aforementioned positions, the sail always has a symmetrical profile. This configuration offers in particular the advantage of reducing the energy to be expended to maintain the sail in the desired orientation.
La pression à l'intérieur de la cavité peut être régulée en permanence.The pressure inside the cavity can be continuously regulated.
En l'augmentant, la voile est plus tendue et solide. Cette configuration peut être très utile lors de forts mouvement de houle ou de contrôle du twist de la voile. En la diminuant, le volume de la cavité et la surface de la voile peuvent être réduits.By increasing it, the sail is tighter and stronger. This configuration can be very useful during strong swell movements or controlling the twist of the sail. By reducing it, the volume of the cavity and the surface of the sail can be reduced.
La présente invention ne se limite bien évidemment pas aux exemples précités mais couvre toute variante comprise dans l'objet des revendications. Ainsi, l'entrée d'air peut être localisée en n'importe quel endroit, p.ex. à travers le mât lorsque ce dernier traverse la cavité. Dans ce cas de figure, le remplissage et le vidange sont réalisés à travers le mât.The present invention is obviously not limited to the aforementioned examples but covers any variant included in the subject of the claims. Thus, the air inlet can be located anywhere, eg through the mast when the latter passes through the cavity. In this case, the filling and emptying are carried out through the mast.
Claims (5)
- Sail propulsion element comprising an inflatable sail (2) composed essentially of two adjacent surfaces (9, 10) that are substantially airtight and linked to one another on their perimeter, thus forming between them at least one closed cavity (8); the element further comprising a duct (11) disposed between the inside and the outside of the cavity (8) and means (6) for injecting air permanently into the cavity (8);
such that the sail (2), once inflated, has a profile which remains permanently symmetrical, independently of the movement of the element, of the direction or of the strength of the wind. - Element according to Claim 1, comprising means for removing air from the cavity (8).
- Element according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein said adjacent surfaces (9, 10) are rigid.
- Sail propulsion vehicle (1) comprising an element according to any one of the preceding claims, a base (3) and a mast (4) secured to said base (3), characterized in that the mast (4) is disposed inside the cavity (4).
- Sail propulsion vehicle (1) according to Claim 4, wherein the mast (4) is situated on the axis of symmetry of the profile (7) at approximately 25% from its front end.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IB2016053713 | 2016-06-22 | ||
PCT/IB2017/053588 WO2017221117A1 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2017-06-16 | Sail propulsion element comprising an inflatable sail with a symmetrical profile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3475164A1 EP3475164A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
EP3475164B1 true EP3475164B1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
Family
ID=59388108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17743078.2A Active EP3475164B1 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2017-06-16 | Sail propulsion element comprising an inflatable sail with a symmetrical profile |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3475164B1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3475164T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2885864T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017221117A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3123308A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-02 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Sail Propulsion Element, Sail Propulsion Vehicle |
FR3123307A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-02 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Wind-powered vehicle |
FR3123310A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-02 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Sail Propulsion Element, Sail Propelled Vehicle |
FR3123309A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-02 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Sail Propulsion Element, Sail Propelled Vehicle |
FR3136446A1 (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-15 | Hugues De Turckheim | Container ship equipped with a transshipment system |
BE1031105B1 (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2024-07-01 | Antoine Rubbers | Rigid inflatable sail |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE463701C (en) * | 1928-08-02 | Otto Freistadt | Profile sail | |
FR1464877A (en) * | 1965-11-23 | 1967-01-06 | Conservatoire Nat Arts | Improvements to vehicles powered by natural wind |
FR2432431A1 (en) * | 1978-08-02 | 1980-02-29 | Soulie Wanceslas | Inflatable sail mounted on horizontal swivel - is supported by guys and has number of connecting segments covered by inelastic membrane |
US5671690A (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1997-09-30 | Trost; Michael D. | Variable camber inflatable airfoil |
US5775249A (en) | 1996-04-08 | 1998-07-07 | Samuel; David B. | Adjustable camber inflatable sail |
ITVI960109A1 (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-01 | Francesco Miotto | PNEUMATIC VESSEL FOR SPORT AND LEISURE. |
US5931109A (en) | 1997-06-17 | 1999-08-03 | Altosail Limited | Sail |
ITTO20040102A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2004-05-20 | Navis S R L | PERFECTED SAILING SYSTEM |
ES2311399B1 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2009-12-04 | Ignacio Bermudez Sanchez | RIGID CANDLE OF CONFIGURABLE PROFILE. |
FR3008381A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-16 | Jean Luc Hauser | INFLATABLE AERODYNAMIC PROFILE FOR ANY VEHICLE DEVICE OR VELIC PROPULSION |
-
2017
- 2017-06-16 EP EP17743078.2A patent/EP3475164B1/en active Active
- 2017-06-16 ES ES17743078T patent/ES2885864T3/en active Active
- 2017-06-16 WO PCT/IB2017/053588 patent/WO2017221117A1/en unknown
- 2017-06-16 DK DK17743078.2T patent/DK3475164T3/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK3475164T3 (en) | 2021-08-30 |
WO2017221117A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
ES2885864T3 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
EP3475164A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
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