EP2413048B1 - Unité de chauffage d'eau potable - Google Patents

Unité de chauffage d'eau potable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2413048B1
EP2413048B1 EP10007978.9A EP10007978A EP2413048B1 EP 2413048 B1 EP2413048 B1 EP 2413048B1 EP 10007978 A EP10007978 A EP 10007978A EP 2413048 B1 EP2413048 B1 EP 2413048B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
service water
temperature
circulation
water heating
heating unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10007978.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2413048A1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Kjær Milthers
Kim Hulegaard Jensen
Lars Sund Mortensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grundfos Management AS
Original Assignee
Grundfos Management AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grundfos Management AS filed Critical Grundfos Management AS
Priority to EP10007978.9A priority Critical patent/EP2413048B1/fr
Priority to US13/193,808 priority patent/US9574780B2/en
Priority to CN201110223754.XA priority patent/CN102345928B/zh
Publication of EP2413048A1 publication Critical patent/EP2413048A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2413048B1 publication Critical patent/EP2413048B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a service water heating unit, which is intended for use in a heating system, with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heating system usually also domestic hot water must be heated.
  • a domestic water heating unit represents a unit in which all the essential components for heating the service water are integrated and thus delivered as a preassembled unit and integrated or can be installed in the heating system.
  • a service water demand d. H. to detect the opening of a tapping point for heated service water to then put the service water heating by means of the heating medium in operation, for example, to promote heating medium by means of a circulation pump through a heat exchanger.
  • the hot water heating unit is, as described above, a structural unit, which is intended for installation in a heating system, and in the heating system, the heating of the hot water takes over.
  • the service water heating unit has at least one heat exchanger as a central component.
  • the domestic water heating unit as an integrated unit, preferably all other necessary for the heating of the service water elements, such as required pumps, valves, fittings or connection fittings, sensors and / or a control device or control unit to control the hot water heating.
  • Such a service water heating unit can be integrated as a preassembled unit in a heating system.
  • the service water heating unit has required line connections to connect the service water heating unit with a heating system or the pipes in a building.
  • line connections are in particular an input and output for the heating medium, an input and output for the hot water to be heated and a circulation line for hot water circulation.
  • an electrical connection for the power supply and, where appropriate, provided interfaces for data communication with external equipment, such as a central system control and / or a heating control.
  • the heat exchanger is preferably designed as a plate heat exchanger.
  • a plate heat exchanger can be made for a cost and on the other hand are designed to be inherently stable, so that it can form a supporting component of the service water heating unit to which further, preferably all other components are attached.
  • external support structures for fastening the components of the service water heating unit can be dispensed with in the ideal case.
  • the at least one heat exchanger has a first flow path for a heating medium, which is optionally provided via connection fittings with line connections for connection to the heating circuit or a heat storage.
  • a second flow path for the hot water to be heated is provided.
  • the two flow paths in the interior of the heat exchanger are separated from each other, so that a heat transfer between the two is possible.
  • a node is provided, in which two flow channels open, namely on the one hand a cold water line and on the other a circulation line for heated hot water. Ie. cold water to be heated and circulated, already heated service water are fed into an input line to the second flow path of the heat exchanger.
  • the service water heating unit has a control unit, which is provided for controlling or regulating the hot water heating.
  • the control unit controls in particular the heat supply via the heating medium, for example by controlling a circulation pump for supplying the heating medium.
  • the control unit is designed to detect a service water request. Ie. the control unit can detect when hot tap water heated at a tapping point is removed to accordingly cause the supply of heating medium to heat the tap water via the heat exchanger.
  • the control unit is designed to evaluate the output signal of a temperature sensor, which is arranged in the vicinity of the junction, but spaced from it, in the cold water line.
  • a temperature sensor in the cold water line will detect the temperature of the cold supplied service water.
  • the temperature sensor is disposed in the vicinity of the node at which the circulation line opens, in the case that no heated service water is required and thus there is no flow in the cold water line, the water in the cold water line is already circulated from the already heated one Hot water, which flows through the junction, heated due to the proximity. This can be detected at the temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor is arranged vertically above the node. This favors the heating in the absence of flow in the cold water line, as heated circulated hot water can rise in the cold water pipe.
  • the temperature sensor is arranged at a position in the cold water line, at which an influence of the temperature in the circulation line is given to the temperature in the cold water line. Ie. the distance of the temperature sensor from the node must not be too large.
  • the temperature sensor must be arranged so close to the junction that, at the location of the temperature sensor, heating of the stagnant water in the cold water line is still provided by the circulated, heated service water entering the junction.
  • the control unit is preferably designed such that it recognizes a service water request on the basis of a temperature change detected by the temperature sensor, in particular a temperature profile. Ie. the temperature is recorded over time and changes or the temperature profile over time are evaluated. Based on a characteristic temperature profile, in particular a temperature drop, the service water request can be detected by the control unit.
  • the temperature sensor detects different temperatures, depending on whether there is a flow in the cold water line or the water is there and can be heated by the circulated service water. From these temperature changes, the control unit detects the hot water requirement, namely, when in the cold water line, a flow occurs, which leads to a reduction in the prevailing temperature there.
  • a circulating pump which conveys the heating medium through the heat exchanger.
  • this circulation pump in particular, it is a variable speed circulating pump, so that it can vary the flow rate of the heating medium as needed, the speed is set by the control unit depending on the heat demand for heating the service water.
  • control unit is preferably designed to turn on and off the circulation pump in response to a service water request. Ie. when the control unit detects the dhw demand, d. H. a flow in the cold water pipe through which service water is supplied, the control unit turns on the circulation pump to supply heating medium to the heat exchanger for heating the service water.
  • the flow in the cold water line is, as described above, detected by means of the temperature sensor arranged there.
  • control unit is at least partially integrated in the control electronics of the circulating pump, wherein the circulating pump is designed as a control electronics and an electric drive motor exhibiting Umicalzpumpenaggregat.
  • the control electronics serve to control or regulate the drive motor.
  • the drive motor preferably has a speed control, so that the control device can control or regulate the flow rate of the circulation pump via the rotational speed of the drive motor. If the control unit for controlling the DHW heating is integrated in the control electronics of the circulating pump unit, the installation and commissioning of the domestic water heating unit is simplified, since this eliminates the need to establish a connection between the control unit and circulating pump. Only one connection or communication between the circulating pump unit with the integrated control unit and the sensors has to be established.
  • the temperature sensor is a combined temperature-pressure sensor and / or a temperature-flow sensor which, in addition to the temperature, detects an absolute and / or differential pressure or a flow in the cold-water line.
  • the flow measurement can be carried out as a vortex measurement by means of an obstruction and a pressure sensor.
  • the pressure or flow signal can be used for further control or control functions in the service water heating unit.
  • a temperature and / or flow sensor is further preferably arranged, whose output signals are detected by the control unit, wherein the control unit is configured such that it determines the need for heating medium for the domestic water heating on the basis of these output signals.
  • the control unit can compare the detected starting temperature of the service water at the second flow path with a desired temperature. Falling below the setpoint temperature means that there is an increased heat requirement.
  • the control unit can then cause an increased supply of heat via the heating medium, for example, by increasing the flow rate of the heating medium supplying circulating pump by increasing the speed thereof.
  • the flow in the second flow path for the service water is a measure of the required heat demand.
  • An increased flow means increased heat demand, so that the control unit can directly increase the supply of heating medium, in particular by increasing the speed of the heating medium supplying circulating pump.
  • control unit preferably adjusts the flow rate of the circulation pump as a function of the detected requirement for heating medium. This is particularly cheap then possible if the control unit directly into the Control electronics of the circulation pump or the circulating pump unit is integrated.
  • a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heating medium supplied to the heat exchanger is arranged on the input side of the first flow path of the heat exchanger.
  • This temperature represents a further parameter on the basis of which the control device can adjust the flow rate of heating medium by means of speed control or control of the circulating pump feeding the heating medium.
  • a lower heating medium temperature requires a higher volume flow. Fluctuations in the heating medium temperature can occur, for example, when the heating medium is heated by a solar system or a heat storage is removed.
  • a circulation pump is preferably arranged in the circulation line, and a circulation control is provided, which is designed such that it switches on and off the circulation pump at least taking into account the detected temperature of the heating medium.
  • the circulation pump can be switched off by the circulation control, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, which is arranged on the input side of the first flow path of the heat exchanger, falls below a predetermined limit value. This is particularly useful when the service water heating unit is used in conjunction with a heat storage, which is taken from the heating medium. If the temperature in the heat accumulator is too low, the circulation can be stopped by switching off the circulation pump to prevent further cooling of the heat accumulator. Again, this makes sense in particular in combination with solar systems, so that there circulation, for example, then can be exposed if too little sunlight is given to heat the heating medium.
  • the circulation control is further preferably at least partially integrated into the control unit for controlling the DHW heating, particularly preferably it can be fully integrated in this, wherein the control unit itself may also be integrated in whole or in part in the control electronics of Umisselzpumpenaggregates for conveying the heating medium.
  • the circulation control and the control unit for controlling the DHW heating in each case completely or partially into the control electronics of the circulation pump.
  • the circulation pump can communicate with the circulating pump for conveying the heating medium via a suitable interface, in particular wirelessly, for example by radio, so that the control electronics of the circulating pump for the heating medium can also control the circulation pump.
  • a data acquisition module can be provided, with which the temperature sensor and / or the other sensors, such as the temperature sensor input side of the first flow path and pressure and flow sensors can be connected.
  • the data acquisition module has suitable connections for the sensors, in particular connection plugs or terminals, to which the sensors can be connected by means of data lines.
  • a wireless communication between the data acquisition module and the sensors via suitable interfaces, in particular radio interfaces conceivable.
  • the data acquisition module has an output interface at which it detects a detected sensor signal or Sensor signals and / or derived data provides.
  • the control unit in turn has an input interface for accepting signals or data from the output interface.
  • the control unit can read signals or data from the output interface of the data acquisition module via its input interface, in order to control or regulate the DHW heating and, if appropriate, the circulation on the basis thereof.
  • a data acquisition module has the advantage that the sensors do not have to be connected directly to the control unit. This is particularly advantageous when the control unit is integrated in a pump unit, since so can be dispensed with a large number of sensor connections in a relatively small space. Also, the sealing of the pump unit is not affected to the outside, since no connections for sensors would have to be provided. Instead, only an interface to the data acquisition module needs to be provided. Also, the removal and installation of the pump unit is simplified, since the connections of the sensors are not affected.
  • the output interface and the input interface for wireless communication, in particular by radio.
  • no connections for connecting cables for communication between the control unit and the data acquisition module are required at all, so that, for example, if the control unit is integrated in a circulation pump, these need not have any other connections except the connection for a power cable. This improves the sealing of the control electronics of the pump unit and simplifies the assembly of the pump unit.
  • the exemplary heat exchanger unit is a service water heating unit 2 and intended for use in a heating system.
  • a heat storage 4 for example, a water storage, which stores heated by a solar system heating water attached.
  • From the heat storage 4 of the heat exchanger 6 of the service water heating unit 2 is supplied with heating medium for heating domestic water.
  • a housing surrounding the service water heating unit 2 is shown open, ie the front cover is removed.
  • the service water heating unit 2 is shown without surrounding housing.
  • the central best part of the heat exchanger unit or service water heating unit 2 is a heat exchanger 6 in the form of a plate heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 6 is to be heated Hot water heated and discharged as heated hot water, for example, to supply taps in a house 7 to sinks, showers, bathtubs, etc. with hot water.
  • the heat exchanger is supplied with heating medium. It has two flow paths in its interior, as shown schematically in FIG Fig. 9 shown.
  • a first flow path 10 is the flow path through which the heating medium is passed through the heat exchanger.
  • the second flow path 12 is the flow path through which the service water is passed through the heat exchanger. Both flow paths are separated in a known manner by plates, via which a heat transfer from the heating medium to the hot water is possible.
  • the two outer plates 13 of the plate stack form two opposite side surfaces of the heat exchanger 6. At these side surfaces, the fluid ports 14 to 20 of the heat exchanger 6 are formed and are, as described below, attached fitting fittings.
  • the heating medium enters the heat exchanger 6 and through the output 16 again.
  • the hot water to be heated enters the heat exchanger 6 at the inlet 18 and exits the heat exchanger at the outlet 20 again.
  • the heat exchanger is divided into three sections A, B, C.
  • the section A forms a first section, in which the first flow path 10 and the second flow path 12 are guided past each other in countercurrent. Ie. the hot water to be heated and the heating medium flow in opposite directions past the plates separating them of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 6 has a second section B, in which the first flow path 10 and the second flow path 12 are then no longer guided in counterflow arrangement relative to each other, but are guided in a Mitstroman extract, ie, the flows in the first flow path 10 and in the second Flow paths 12 are rectilinear in the same direction along the plates separating them or other heat-conducting separators separating them.
  • a reversal section C is formed, in which the relative reversal of the flow directions in the flow paths to each other is realized.
  • the sections A, B and C of the heat exchanger are integrated in a heat exchanger.
  • the sections A and B could also be formed in separate heat exchangers and the direction reversal of the flows to each other in section C could be realized by a corresponding piping of the two heat exchangers.
  • the discharge of the service water is not in the range of the highest temperature the incoming heating medium is, insofar as a maximum temperature can be achieved, which is at the level of the temperature of the heating medium in the region of the output 20 of the hot water from the heat exchanger.
  • connection fitting 26 is attached.
  • This connection fitting has a base element 28 which, in an identical configuration in the second connection fitting 30, is only rotated by 180 ° at the fluid connections of the heat exchanger 6 which form the outlet 16 and the inlet 18. This has the advantage that one and the same base element 28 can be used as a first connection fitting and as a second connection fitting and the variety of parts can be reduced.
  • connection opening 36 is unused and closed by the wall of the heat exchanger 6, wherein between the base member 28 and the wall of the heat exchanger 6 at the connection opening 36, a seal 42 is arranged for sealing.
  • the connection opening 38 forms the connection for connection to a supply line 44 which is connected to the heat accumulator 4 for the supply of hot heating medium.
  • a first circulating pump 46 is arranged, which supplies the heating medium to the inlet 14 of the heat exchanger 6.
  • a third connection fitting 48 is arranged at the input 14, which in an identical embodiment only rotated by 180 ° on the opposite side of the heat exchanger 6, as described below, can be arranged as a fourth connection fitting 50.
  • the third connection fitting 48 and the fourth connection fitting 50 are also formed from at least one identical base element.
  • a flow channel 52 is formed, which connects the pressure port of the circulation pump 46 with the inlet 14 of the heat exchanger.
  • the second flow channel 34 in the base element 28, as can be seen in the sectional view with reference to the second connection fitting 30, is likewise T-shaped and has three connection openings 54, 56 and 58.
  • the connection opening 58 of the second flow channel 34 is closed, z. B. by an inserted plug.
  • the connection opening 54 is connected to the outlet 20 of the heat exchanger 6, whereby a seal 42 is likewise arranged between the connection fitting 26 and the heat exchanger 6.
  • Connection piece 60 which connects connection opening 58 to line connection 62 via a flow channel formed in the interior of connection piece 60, is connected to connection opening 56 of second flow channel 34 in first connection fitting 26.
  • the line connection 62 is used for connection to a hot water line, through which the heated service water is discharged.
  • the base member 28 is attached as a second connection fitting 30.
  • the output 16 for the heating medium and the input 18 for the cold service water are connected to the external installation.
  • the connection opening 54 of the second flow channel 34 establishes a connection to the line connection or connection opening 58, which forms the outlet of the cooled heating medium.
  • a line can be connected, which leads the heating medium back into the heat accumulator 4.
  • a line 64 is connected to the connection opening 58, which leads to a switching valve 66 which selectively connects the line 64 to the connections 68 and 70 .
  • the terminals 68 and 70 are used for connection to the heat accumulator 4, these connections can establish, for example, a connection to the interior of the heat accumulator 4 at different vertical position, so depending on the temperature of the emerging from the heat exchanger 6 heating medium this by switching the switching valve 66 at different vertical positions in the heat accumulator 4 can be returned to maintain existing stratification of the heating medium there.
  • the switching function is particularly advantageous if, as described below, a service water circulation module 74 is provided. The heating of the circulating service water requires less heat, so that the heating medium with higher temperature flows back into the heat accumulator 4.
  • the flow path 32 in the interior of the base element is connected to the inlet 18 in the second connection fitting 30 by means of the connection opening 36.
  • a cold water line 42 is connected to supply the cold service water. Through this line then enters the cold water in the inlet 18 in the heat exchanger.
  • the domestic water heating unit shown here can be used in two different embodiments, namely once with a service water circulation module 74 or even without this service water circulation module 74 Fig. 1 . 2 . 4 . 7 and 8th
  • This domestic water circulation module 74 is arranged on the heat exchanger 6.
  • the Fig. 5 and 6 If the service water circulation module 74 is not provided, the fourth connection fitting 50 is not required and the connection opening or the conduit connection 40 of the base element 28 of the second connection fitting 30 is closed by a plug. Also, the connection opening 56 of the flow channel 34 is closed in this case by a plug.
  • the service water circulation module 74 consists of a second circulation pump 76, which serves to circulate the service water in the hot water supply system of a building.
  • a connection part 78 and a pipe 80 are provided for connection of the second circulation pump 76.
  • a fourth connection fitting 50 is arranged at the end of a side surface, which is identical to the third connection fitting 48 or has an identical base element. However, when used as a fourth connection fitting 50, the flow channel 52 is not used.
  • a receptacle 81 is formed, in which a connection element 82 is used, which is connected to a discharge nozzle of the circulation pump 76.
  • connection element 82 has a flow channel in its interior and connects to the tube 80 via it.
  • the tube 80 is facing away from the connection element 82 with the end opening 40 of the flow channel 32 in the second connection fitting 30 is connected, wherein the connection opening 40 is then not closed by a plug.
  • serving as a circulation pump circulating pump 76 can return a portion of the heated service water back into the flow channel 32 of the second connection fitting 30 and through its connection opening 36 in the inlet 18 of the heat exchanger. Ie. In the flow channel 32 of the second connection fitting flow supplied cold process water through the connection opening 38 and through the circulation pump 76 back conveyed hot water through the connection opening 40 together.
  • connection part 48 is placed on the base element 28 of the second connection fitting 30 so that it engages with a closed connection piece 84 in the connection opening 56 of the second flow channel 34 and thus closes the connection opening 56 so that there is no additional plug for its closure in the second connection fitting 30 more is needed.
  • connection part 78 is tubular and connects two connection openings 86 and 88 located at opposite ends.
  • the connection piece 84 has no fluid-conducting connection to the connection between the line connections or connection openings 86 and 88.
  • the port 86 is connected to the suction port of the second circulation pump 76, and the port 88 forms a port to which a circulation passage 90 is connected.
  • connection part 78 and a fourth connection fitting 50 which is formed with its base element identical to the third connection fitting 48, a second circulating pump 76, which constitutes a circulation pump, can thus also be fastened to the heat exchanger 6 serving as a supporting structure with a few additional parts be, and the circulation line via the circulation pump 46 are fluidly connected directly to the second flow path 12 in the interior of the heat exchanger.
  • a sensor receptacle 92 is formed in the flow channel 32, which can serve to receive a sensor.
  • the sensor holder 92 if no domestic water circulation module 74 is attached, closed.
  • a temperature sensor 94 is inserted into the sensor receptacle 92, which detects the temperature of the heating medium 6 supplied to the heat exchanger.
  • a temperature sensor 96 is used in the sensor receptacle 92 of the base member 28 of the second connection fitting 30, which serves to detect a hot water request and whose specific function will be described below.
  • connection part 60 also has a sensor receptacle in which a sensor 98 is inserted.
  • the sensor 98 is a combined temperature and flow sensor which detects the temperature and the flow of the heated service water leaving the outlet 20 from the heat exchanger 6 through the flow path 34 in the first connection fitting 26. It should be understood that the above-described temperature sensors 94, 96 may also be used as combined temperature and flow sensors.
  • the temperature of the outgoing service water can be detected by the sensor 98, and based on this temperature and the temperature of the heating medium detected by the temperature sensor 94, the required volume flow of the heating medium can be determined and the first circulation pump 46 can be operated accordingly.
  • the required control or regulation for the circulation pump 46 is preferably integrated as control or control electronics in the circulation pump 46.
  • the sensors 94, 96 and 98 are connected via electrical leads 99 to a sensor box 100, which forms a data acquisition module.
  • the sensor box 100 detects the data provided by the sensors 94, 96 and 98.
  • the Sensorbox 100 provides the captured data as in Fig. 13 shown, the control unit 101, which is integrated in this example in the control electronics of the pump unit 46, available.
  • an output interface 102 is formed in the sensor box 100 and a corresponding input interface 104 is formed in the control unit 101.
  • the output interface 102 and the input interface 104 are designed here as radio-frequency sections, which enable wireless signal transmission from the sensor box 100 to the control unit 101 in the pump unit 46.
  • the control unit 101 in the circulation pump 46 preferably controls or regulates not only the circulation pump 46 but also the circulation pump 76, for which purpose the control unit 101 in the circulation pump 46 can also preferably communicate wirelessly with the circulating pump 76 or its control device.
  • both circulation pumps 46 and 76 can be connected very easily, since only one electrical connection for the mains power supply is required. All communications for the controller are wireless.
  • Signal processing of the signals supplied by the sensors 94, 96 and 98 can also already be carried out in the data acquisition module 100 or the sensor box 100 in order to provide the required data in a predetermined format to the control device 101.
  • the control unit 101 preferably reads via the input interface 104 only the data currently required for the control from the output interface 102, so that the data communication can be kept to a minimum.
  • the control unit 101 preferably also takes over the control of the circulation, which is effected by the circulation pump 76 when using the domestic water circulation module 74, in such a way that the circulation pump 76 is switched off for circulation when the temperature sensor 94, a temperature of the supplied from the heat accumulator 4 Detected heating medium, which is below a predetermined limit. In this way it can be prevented that the heat accumulator 4 excessively cools due to the hot water circulation and the circulation can instead be exposed to times in which the heat supply to the heat accumulator 4, for example due to lack of solar radiation to a solar module, is too low.
  • the control unit 101 controls the operation of the circulation pump 46 in such a manner that the circulation pump 46 is first turned on when a heat demand for heating the service water is given, so that heating medium is supplied from the heat storage 4 to the heat exchanger 6.
  • this heat demand for the service water is detected via the combined temperature flow sensor 98. If this detects a flow in the flow path through the connection part 60, ie a hot water flow, this means that a hot water tapping point is open, so that cold service water flows through the connection opening 38 and a heat requirement for heating the service water is given.
  • the control unit 101 may operate the circulation pump 46 in this case.
  • the hot water requirement can not be detected so that the sensor 98 also detects a flow due to the circulation, which is caused by the second circulation pump 76, when no tapping point for service water is opened.
  • the sensor 98 only the temperature of the service water leaving the heat exchanger 6 can be detected by the sensor 98 and, if it is below a predetermined limit, the circulation pump 46 can be switched to compensate for the heat losses due to the circulation in such a way that heating medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 6 and thus the circulated service water is heated.
  • the temperature sensor 96 is used. This is how in Fig. 11 shown schematically, not exactly at the junction of the flow channel 32 in the base member 28, in which the portions of the flow channel of the connection openings 36 and 38 and 40 converge, but offset starting from this node to the connection opening 38. Ie. the temperature sensor 96 is located in the portion of the flow channel through which the cold process water is supplied. When a tap for heated service water is opened, this leads to a flow of cold service water in this line section, so that, as in the lower curve in Fig. 12 it can be seen, a temperature drop is detected by the sensor 96 in the portion of the first flow channel 32, which extends to the connection opening 38.
  • the control unit 101 Upon detection of such a temperature drop, the control unit 101 turns on the circulation pump 46 for supplying heating medium.
  • Fig. 12 several successive service water requirements are shown, which in each case again lead to a drop in temperature and at the end of the request for heated service water to a temperature rise, since that in the line section in which the Temperature sensor 96 is arranged, located water then reheated.
  • the temperature sensor 96 is arranged in the second connection fitting 30 slightly above the junction at which the flow paths or sections of the flow channel 32 from the connection openings 36, 38 and 40 meet. In this way, it is ensured that the water circulates in the line section in which the sensor 96 is located when closing the tapping point for hot water and thus no flow through the circulating pump 46 from the connection port 40 to the inlet 16 again Hot water is heated slowly by heat transfer.
  • the heat exchanger 6 forms the supporting element of the service water heating unit 2, to which the connection fittings 26, 30, 48 and optionally 50 with the pump 46 and optionally 76 and the sensor box 100 are attached.
  • the domestic water heating unit 2 thus forms an integrated module, which can be installed as a prefabricated unit in a heating system or in a heating system.
  • the circulation pumps 46 and 76 are arranged relative to the heat exchanger 6 so that their axes of rotation X extend parallel to the surfaces of the plates, in particular the outer plates 13.
  • a holding device in the form of a bracket 106 is attached to the heat exchanger 6.
  • the bracket 106 forms on the one hand a fastening device for attachment to the heat accumulator 4 and also forms handle elements 108, which can be gripped by the entire domestic water heating unit 2, whereby an easy handling of the entire unit during assembly is possible.
  • Fig. 14 shows a special arrangement of domestic water heating units 2.
  • four domestic water heating units 2 are cascaded in parallel according to the foregoing description.
  • four service water heating units 2 are shown.
  • All service water heating units 2 are supplied in the example shown with heating medium from a common heat storage 4.
  • the service water heating units 2 are identical except for one.
  • the first service water heating unit 2, the one which in Fig. 14 is located adjacent to the heat accumulator 4 is, according to the embodiment, which in the Fig. 1 . 2 . 4 . 7 .
  • this first service water heating unit 2 has a domestic water circulation module 74.
  • the service water circulation module 74 which has the second circulation pump 46, is connected to the circulation line 90. This connects to the most remote tapping point 7 to the DHW DHW line. In this way, heated service water can be circulated through the entire line system, which supplies the taps 7 with heated service water.
  • the function of this service water heating unit 2 with service water circulation module 74 basically corresponds to the above description.
  • the three other domestic water heating units 2 are formed without domestic water circulation module 74, ie as in the Fig. 5 shown.
  • Each of the domestic water heating units 2 according to Fig. 14 has a control unit 101 integrated in the circulation pump 46 and a separate sensor box 100.
  • the individual control units 101 of the plurality of domestic water heating modules 2 communicate via radio interfaces 110 (see Fig. 13 ) together.
  • the radio interface 110 can also be used for communication with the second circulating pump 76 and possibly the changeover valve 66.
  • the switching valve 66 is controlled via the sensor box 100 and is connected to the sensor box 100 via an electrical connection line.
  • control units 101 of all service water heating units 2 are formed identically and jointly carry out a control of the cascade arrangement, as they are based on Fig. 15 will now be described in more detail.
  • the four service water heating units 2 are designated as M1, M2, M3 and M4. In the boxes below it is represented by numbers 1 to 4, the starting order of the domestic water heating units 2.
  • the service water heating unit 2 which has the position 1 in the start sequence (in the first step M2) assumes a management function, ie the leading service water heating unit 2, ie its control unit 101 also causes the switching on and off of the further service water heating units 2.
  • the service water heating units 2 marked M2 to M4 are those in Fig. 14 shown service water heating units 2 without domestic water circulation module 74.
  • the service water circulation module 74 having domestic water heating unit 2 is the in Fig. 15 Module marked M1. This never assumes a leadership role. If now the leading module M2 in step A a dhw request detects, first, this service water heating unit 2 is put into operation, ie the circulation pump 46 promotes heating medium to the associated heat exchanger 6.
  • this leading service water heating unit 2 is still heated in step C. If now a service water request by opening a tap 7 takes place again from step C to D, therefore, again this leading service water heating unit 2 (M2) is put into operation. Now, if the hot water requirement increases by opening, for example, another tapping point 7, a next service water heating unit 2 is switched on in step E by the control unit 101 of the leading domestic water heating unit 2 (M2) of the domestic water heating unit 2 with the second position in the starting order (here M3) a signal sends for operation. Their control unit 101 then takes correspondingly the circulating pump 46 of this further service water heating unit 2 (M3) into operation in order to supply the heat exchanger 6 with heating medium.
  • the service water heating unit 2 is turned off and the control units 101 of the individual service water heating units 2 set each other again the star sequence. This is done in such a way that in the starting order now the service water heating unit 2, which was last switched on, takes over the first position and the first switched hot water heating unit 2, ie the hitherto leading domestic water heating unit 2, moves to the last position (here M2).
  • the guiding function also changes correspondingly to the service water heating unit 2, which is now in the first position in the starting sequence (M2).
  • the domestic water heating unit 2 which first in operation is taken, preferably a service water heating unit 2, which still has residual heat.
  • the domestic water heating unit 2 with the domestic water circulation module 74 always retains the last position in the star sequence, ie this is switched on only at maximum load and serves only to warm the circulating service water. If a service water heating unit 2 is defective or fails, it will be completely removed from the starting order, ie it will not be put into operation at all. This is all done by communication of the identical control units 101 with each other, so that can be dispensed with a central control.
  • valve 112 is disposed in the input cold water input line DCW of each service water heating unit 2.
  • This valve 112 is actuated via the sensor box 100 by the control unit 101.
  • the valve 112 is preferably connected to the sensor box 100 via an electrical connection line and the control unit 101 sends a signal for opening and closing the valve 112 via the input interface 104 and the output interface 102 to the sensor box 100.
  • the valve 112 is closed, it is reached in that no service water flows through the respective heat exchanger 6, so that cold service water is prevented from flowing through the heat exchanger 6 of the unused service water heating units 2 into the heated service water DHW outlet line.
  • a controller 114 is arranged, which is set to a set temperature T ref for the heated service water DHW.
  • This set temperature For example, it may be adjustable at the control unit 101 in the circulation pump 46.
  • 46 controls may be provided on the circulation pump.
  • a wireless interface such as infrared or wireless, a setting by means of a remote control or via a system automation done. From the setpoint T ref , the actual temperature T DHW of the heated service water DHW detected by the sensor 98 is subtracted.
  • the difference is supplied to the controller 114 as a control difference .DELTA.T.
  • the incoming cold service water DCW is then heated, so that it has the output side T of the heat exchanger 6 DHW .
  • This actual value T DHW is then, as described, detected by the sensor 98 and fed back to the controller. Ie.
  • the rotational speed of the circulation pump 46 and thus the volume flow Q CH of the heating medium is regulated as a function of the starting temperature of the hot domestic water DHW.
  • a feedforward control in the controller 114 is also provided in this example beyond.
  • the volume flow of the service water is detected via the sensor 98 and this hot water volume flow Q DHW the controller 114 connected as a disturbance.
  • the temperature T CH in the heat medium 6 supplied by the circulation pump 46 to the heat exchanger 6 is detected by temperature sensor 94 and applied to the controller 114 as a disturbance variable.
  • the setpoint speed ⁇ ref of the circulation pump 46 is adjusted accordingly so that, for example, with colder heating medium and / or higher service water flow rate, the speed of the circulation pump 46 can be increased to more quickly reach the required setpoint temperature T ref for the service water to be heated.
  • T DCW Another disturbance or another parameter which has an influence on the hot water temperature T DHW is the temperature T DCW of the inflowing cold process water DCW.
  • T DCW the temperature of the inflowing cold process water DCW.
  • this is not applied to the controller 114 as a disturbance, since the cold water temperature is usually substantially constant.
  • the temperature T DCW it would also be conceivable to also connect the temperature T DCW to the controller 114 as a disturbance variable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires (2) comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur (6) qui présente une première voie d'écoulement (10) pour un milieu de chauffage et une seconde voie d'écoulement (12) pour l'eau pour usages sanitaires à chauffer, et dans lequel une conduite d'eau froide (DCW) et une conduite de circulation (90) pour l'eau pour usages sanitaires chauffée débouchent à un point nodal (97) dans une conduite d'entrée aboutissant à la seconde voie d'écoulement (12) de l'échangeur de chaleur (6),
    ainsi qu'une unité de commande (101) servant à commander le chauffage de l'eau pour usages sanitaires, l'unité de commande (101) étant conçue pour détecter une demande d'eau pour usages sanitaires,
    l'unité de commande (101) étant conçue pour exploiter le signal de sortie d'un capteur de température (96), caractérisée en ce que le capteur de température (96) est disposé dans le voisinage du point nodal (97), mais à distance de ce dernier dans un endroit de la conduite d'eau froide (DCW) où une influence de la température régnant dans la conduite de circulation (90) s'exerce sur la température régnant dans la conduite d'eau froide (DCW).
  2. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le capteur de température (96) est disposé à la verticale au-dessus du point nodal (97).
  3. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (101) est conçue de manière à détecter une demande d'eau pour usages sanitaires sur la base d'une variation de température, en particulier d'un profil de température, qui est détecté(e) par le capteur de température (96).
  4. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par une pompe de circulation (46), qui fait circuler le milieu de chauffage à travers l'échangeur de chaleur (6).
  5. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (101) est conçue pour mettre la pompe de circulation (46) en marche et à l'arrêt en fonction d'une demande d'eau pour usages sanitaires.
  6. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (101) est intégrée au moins en partie à l'électronique de commande de la pompe de circulation (46), la pompe de circulation (46) étant réalisée sous la forme d'un groupe à pompe de circulation qui comprend l'électronique de commande et un moteur d'entraînement électrique.
  7. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le capteur de température (96) est un capteur température-pression combiné qui, outre la température, détecte une pression absolue et/ou différentielle.
  8. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, côté sortie de la seconde voie d'écoulement (12) de l'échangeur de chaleur (6), est disposé un capteur de température et/ou de débit (98), dont les signaux de sortie sont détectés par l'unité de commande (101), l'unité de commande (101) étant constituée de manière à déterminer le besoin de milieu de chauffage pour le chauffage de l'eau pour usages sanitaires sur la base de ces signaux de sortie.
  9. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 8 et la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (101) est constituée de manière à régler le débit de refoulement de la pompe de circulation (46) en fonction du besoin de milieu de chauffage détecté.
  10. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, côté entrée de la première voie d'écoulement (10) de l'échangeur de chaleur (6), est disposé un capteur de température (94) destiné à détecter la température du milieu de chauffage.
  11. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 10, caractérisée par une pompe de circulation (76) disposée dans la conduite de circulation (90) et par une commande de circulation qui est constituée de manière à mettre la pompe de circulation (76) en marche et à l'arrêt, au moins en tenant compte de la température du milieu de chauffage qui a été détectée.
  12. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la commande de circulation est constituée de manière à mettre la pompe de circulation (76) à l'arrêt lorsque la température du milieu de chauffage devient inférieure à une valeur limite prédéterminée.
  13. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisée en ce que la commande de circulation est intégrée au moins en partie à l'unité de commande (101) pour assurer la commande de chauffage de l'eau pour usages sanitaires.
  14. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le capteur de température (94, 96, 98) est relié à un module de détection de données (100) qui présente une interface de sortie (102) à laquelle il présente un signal de capteur détecté et/ou des données tirées de ce signal, et l'unité de commande (101) est dotée d'une interface d'entrée (104) destinée à recevoir des signaux ou données provenant de l'interface de sortie (102).
  15. Unité de chauffage d'eau pour usages sanitaires selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que l'interface de sortie (102) et l'interface d'entrée (104) sont conçues pour la communication sans fil, en particulier la communication radio.
EP10007978.9A 2010-07-30 2010-07-30 Unité de chauffage d'eau potable Not-in-force EP2413048B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

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EP10007978.9A EP2413048B1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2010-07-30 Unité de chauffage d'eau potable
US13/193,808 US9574780B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2011-07-29 Service water heating unit
CN201110223754.XA CN102345928B (zh) 2010-07-30 2011-08-01 非饮用水加热单元

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EP10007978.9A EP2413048B1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2010-07-30 Unité de chauffage d'eau potable

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US20120024493A1 (en) 2012-02-02
CN102345928B (zh) 2015-12-09
EP2413048A1 (fr) 2012-02-01
CN102345928A (zh) 2012-02-08
US9574780B2 (en) 2017-02-21

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