EP2412882A2 - Building block and wall structure obtained by assembling such building blocks - Google Patents

Building block and wall structure obtained by assembling such building blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2412882A2
EP2412882A2 EP11305968A EP11305968A EP2412882A2 EP 2412882 A2 EP2412882 A2 EP 2412882A2 EP 11305968 A EP11305968 A EP 11305968A EP 11305968 A EP11305968 A EP 11305968A EP 2412882 A2 EP2412882 A2 EP 2412882A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
face
faces
building block
insulating
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11305968A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2412882A3 (en
Inventor
Jérôme Gautron
Christian Roncin
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Bouyer Leroux SCOP
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Bouyer Leroux SCOP
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bouyer Leroux SCOP filed Critical Bouyer Leroux SCOP
Publication of EP2412882A2 publication Critical patent/EP2412882A2/en
Publication of EP2412882A3 publication Critical patent/EP2412882A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/22—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of the building. It relates more particularly to a building block for the realization of walls and more generally any type of masonry structure (house, building ...); it still relates to the wall obtained by assembling such building blocks.
  • concrete blocks (blocks) or terracotta (bricks) which are used for the construction of walls, walls, houses, collective buildings or other, consist of structures generally parallelepipedic, comprising top and bottom faces parallel to each other, two end faces also parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and front and rear faces still parallel to each other.
  • these building blocks are juxtaposed in the direction of their length, on a thickness, and on superimposed rows. These blocks are often shifted from a half-step to a third of a step from one row to another, and they are assembled by a glue or a suitable mortar.
  • the front and / or rear faces of the different juxtaposed blocks can receive an interior or exterior cladding (plaster, insulation, etc.)
  • the building blocks incorporate an insulating structure to improve their insulation characteristics.
  • the thickness of the building blocks used is a function of the thickness of the wall that is to be made, taking into account, in particular, the desired mechanical strength and insulation characteristics; and the greater this thickness, the more the blocks are heavy and difficult to handle.
  • EP-2,065,528 proposes a building block consisting of a carrier element formed of four vertical walls delimiting an inner housing opening into the top and bottom faces. This housing is filled by an insulating polystyrene element of parallelepiped general shape.
  • this building block has a reservation which extends over its entire height and which is centered on its transverse median symmetry plane.
  • Such a structure allows the back-to-back nesting of the blocks to form a wall formed of two thicknesses of blocks.
  • the walls of the closed housing of the carrier element which receives the insulating element constitute important thermal bridges which limit the insulation characteristics of the wall formed.
  • the insulating element is not easy to position within its home slot.
  • the same carrier element can integrate only one thickness of insulating element.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose an original technical solution for the construction of strongly insulating bearing walls, this from blocks easy to manufacture and handle.
  • Another object of the invention is to allow the use of different thicknesses of insulating elements with the same carrier element, for the construction of walls of different thicknesses.
  • the building block according to the invention is therefore of generally parallelepipedal overall shape, of height a , length b and thickness c, comprising - a top face and a bottom face parallel to each other, defining between them said height a two faces of ends parallel or substantially parallel to each other, defining between them said length b, as well as a front face and a rear face, defining between them said thickness c, said front face extending in a perpendicular plane; to that of said top and bottom faces;
  • this building block consists of a carrier element, for example made of terracotta or concrete, associated with an insulating structure in the form of insulating element reported which is made of a material, namely for example polystyrene.
  • This building block still has a transverse median plane of symmetry M, parallel to said end faces; and its rear face comprises a reservation which extends over the entire height a and which is centered on said transverse median plane M, arranged between two rear lateral protruding parts whose rear faces extend in the same plane, which reservation is delimited by a bottom and two side walls.
  • the carrier element is in the form of a constant or substantially constant U-shaped horizontal section, comprising a web whose outer face constitutes said front face, which sail is extended on the same side, at its two sides. ends, by side jambs whose external faces parallel to each other constitute said end faces of the building block, the rear portions of which constitute said lateral projecting parts, and whose rear faces, situated in the same plane parallel to that of said front face constitute a part of said rear face; the top face of the insulating element constitutes the top face of the building block, in association with the top face of said web and with the top face of said side jambs of the carrier element, and the underside of this insulating element constitutes the underside of said building block, in association with the underside of said web and with the underside of said side jambs.
  • the inner face of said web and the inner faces of said side jambs delimit an open cavity on said rear, top and bottom faces of the building block, said cavity being partially filled by said insulating member;
  • the rear face of this insulating element constitutes the rear face of the building block, in association with the rear faces of said side jambs; and at least part of said rear face of the insulating element constitutes the bottom of said rear reservation of the building block.
  • this building block is very easy to manufacture by relating the insulating structure through the back of the cavity of the carrier element.
  • the same carrier element can then receive different thicknesses of insulating element, to obtain walls of different thicknesses (trying to account for a more or less pronounced nesting of the blocks into each other).
  • the reservation formed in the rear face of the block comprises a plane background which extends in a plane parallel or substantially parallel to the rear faces of the two lateral projecting parts of the carrier element; and the side walls of this reservation extend in planes perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, that of said planar background.
  • the bottom of the rear reservation is constituted by the rear face of the insulating element, and its side walls are constituted by the inner faces of the lateral jambs of the carrier element.
  • this rear reservation is integrally formed in the rear face of the insulating element, its bottom and its side walls being constituted by the material of said insulating element, the side walls of said reservation being constituted by the inner faces of two lateral projections of said insulating member, and the rear faces of these lateral projections extending in the same plane as the rear faces of the side jambs of the carrier element.
  • the cavity of the carrier element which is delimited by the inner face of the web and by the inner faces of the side jambs preferably has a generally parallelepipedal shape.
  • the plane of the top face of the insulating element is located in the plane of the top face of the web and side jambs of the carrier element, or is located in a slightly recessed plane; and the plane of the underside of the insulating member is located in the plane of the underside of the web and side jambs of said carrier member, or is located in a slightly recessed plane.
  • the two corners of the cavity of the carrier element formed by the inner face of the web and by the inner faces of the side jambs, have cut-off sides, the angles corresponding to the insulating element being truncated to come to marry said cut faces.
  • the insulating element is secured to the load-bearing member by force insertion.
  • this insulating element is secured to the carrier element by gluing.
  • the invention also relates to the wall structure obtained by assembling building blocks as defined above, this wall structure being made by two thicknesses of said building blocks mounted head to tail, the lateral projecting parts of the rear faces. juxtaposed two aligned building blocks, one of said thicknesses, being integrated in the rear reservation of a building block of the other thickness.
  • the building blocks advantageously press against the bottom of the rear reservation of another building block vis-à-vis.
  • this wall structure is obtained by assembling building blocks on several horizontal levels, these building blocks being offset laterally between the different superimposed horizontal levels, for example one third of steps or half not.
  • Building Block 1 shown on Figures 1 to 4 , consists of a carrier element 2 associated with an insulating element 3.
  • This building block 1 has a parallelepipedal general shape delimited by a top face 4, a bottom face 5, a front face 6, a rear face 7 and two side faces 8 and 9.
  • top faces 4 and 5 below are parallel to each other (or substantially parallel), and they define the height a of the building block 1.
  • the end faces 8 and 9 are parallel to each other (or substantially parallel), and they define the length b of the building block 1.
  • the front 6 and rear 7 faces are also parallel to each other, and they define the thickness c of this block 1.
  • This building block 1 has a transverse plane of median symmetry M which is parallel to the end faces 8, 9 and perpendicular to the front faces 6 and rear 7.
  • the carrier element 2 consists of a constant or substantially constant horizontal U-shaped bearing structure consisting of an outer web 10 from the same side of which two lateral jambs 11 extend.
  • the web 10 and the legs 11 delimit together a cavity 12 open on the back, on the top and on the bottom.
  • the outer face of the web 10 constitutes the front face 6 of the building block 1; the outer faces of the two lateral jambs 11 constitute the end faces 8 and 9 of the block 1, and their rear portion 13 constitutes lateral projections whose rear faces 14 are situated in the same plane and constitute a part of the rear face 7 of block 1 (in this case the lateral parts of this rear face 7).
  • the side jambs 11 (and therefore their rear face 14) have an identical width d.
  • the inner face 15 of the lateral jambs 11 and the inner face 16 of the web 10 delimit the cavity 12 mentioned above, for the reception of the insulating element 3.
  • the two inner faces 15 of the legs 11 are parallel to each other, and the inner face 16 of the web 10 extends perpendicular to the latter, thus forming a cavity 12 of generally parallelepiped shape.
  • the cavity 12 extends over the entire height a of the carrier element 2 and the building block 1, over a width (or thickness) corresponding here to about three quarters of the width c of the carrier element. and of the building block 1, and - over a length e, centered on the median plane M of the block 1, which is slightly greater than half the length b of said building block 1.
  • the length e is slightly greater than twice the width d of the rear faces 14 of the legs 11.
  • angles of the cavity 12 formed by the inner face 16 of the web 10 and the inner faces 15 of the legs 11, have cut sides 18.
  • the outer face of the web 10 and the rear faces 14 of the legs 11 comprise parallel striations which extend over the height of the building block, between the top faces 4 and 5 below.
  • top faces of the legs 11 and the web 10 define a portion of the top face 4 of the building block 1; and the bottom faces of the legs 11 and the web 10 define part of the bottom face 5 of this block 1.
  • This carrier element 2 is made of resistant material, by any suitable technique (molding, extrusion, cutting ).
  • It can for example be made of terracotta (as for the embodiment shown on the Figures 1 to 4 ), provided with a set of cells passing through or not, of suitable shape and location.
  • the carrier element 2 can be made of concrete, wood or other.
  • the insulating element 3 consists of a block of material, of generally parallelepipedal shape, adapted to be housed in the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2 (without projecting from the latter), while leaving a rear reserve 20 (visible on the Figures 1 to 3 ), detailed below. This element 3 thus partially fills the cavity 12.
  • the insulating element 3 comprises a front face 21, a rear face 22, a top face 23, a bottom face 24 and two side faces 25 and 26.
  • top faces 23 and bottom 24 are flat and extend parallel to each other; between them they define the height g of the insulating element 3.
  • This height g corresponds to the height a of the carrier element 2, or is slightly less than this height a.
  • the side faces 25 and 26 are flat and extend parallel to each other; between them they define the width h of the insulating element 3. This width h corresponds to the length e of the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2.
  • the front 21 and rear 22 are flat and extend parallel to each other; between them they define the thickness i of the insulating element 3. This thickness i is smaller than the width f of the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2.
  • the insulating element 3 may be made of any material whose thermal insulation coefficient is greater than that of the material constituting the carrier element 2; it advantageously consists of a molded block of polystyrene, but it is conceivable to use other materials such as mineral wool, plant or animal, or polyurethane, for example, integrated by any appropriate means into the cavity 12.
  • This insulating element 3 is attached within the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 .
  • the two elements 2 and 3 are secured by any appropriate means: forced insertion, bonding ...
  • the above-mentioned reservation 20 is thus formed in the rear face of the building block 1, delimited by a flat bottom 20a and by two lateral walls 20b .
  • This reservation 20 is in fact delimited by the flat rear face 22 of the insulating element 3, constituting its bottom 20a (this flat face 22 extending in a plane parallel to the plane of the rear faces 14 of the legs 11) and by the parts Parallel rear ends 20b of the internal faces 15 of the legs 11.
  • the bottom 20a extends in a plane perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, the plane of the side walls 20b.
  • the reservation 20 is centered on the median plane of symmetry M of the building block 1; it has a height a and a length e; its thickness is constant, of the order of 2 to 3 cm for example.
  • the length e is slightly greater than twice the width of the legs 11.
  • FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the principle of mounting a wall structure 30 by means of the building blocks 1 as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 .
  • the rear faces 14 of the side protrusions 13 of each block 1 are pressed (or substantially be pressed) against the bottom 20 has booking 20 of the building block in vis-à-vis.
  • the two thicknesses of building blocks partially interpenetrate one into the other, and the final thickness of the resulting wall structure is twice the thickness of the building blocks 1, minus half the slight interpenetration mentioned above.
  • the thickness of the wall consists of the thickness of a leg 11, the thickness of an insulating member 3 and the thickness of two webs 10.
  • the different insulating elements 3 of the two thicknesses of the wall 30 are arranged in staggered rows, and preferably with slight overlaps of ends, transversely to the plane of the vertical faces of the wall, to obtain a quasi-continuity of insulation over the entire the building surface.
  • the other levels or ranks of blocks 1 are laid in the same way, but with a lateral offset, for example a third of a step or a half step.
  • each carrier element 2 of the blocks 1 of a level of the construction comes to rest on a part of four bearing elements 2 of the directly underlying level.
  • the insulating elements 3 of a wall level are positioned in the extension of the insulating elements of the underlying and underlying levels, to constitute a very high performance structure in terms of thermal insulation (in combination with the insulation characteristics associated bearing elements 2).
  • the system allows, in a single operation, to create the supporting structure, the insulation and the exterior and interior wall cladding.
  • the outer and inner faces of the wall can receive classic finishes (coatings for example).
  • This system still allows, on the basis of the row positioned outside the wall, to align very easily the row on the inside.
  • the assembly between the different levels of the wall is achieved by means of a mortar or glue joint adapted, for example positioned by roller.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the building block 1 'according to the invention wherein the parts identical to the previous embodiment retain the same marks to facilitate understanding.
  • This building block 1 ' consists of a carrier element 2 with horizontal U-section, provided with a rear cavity in which is inserted an insulating member 3.
  • the rear reservation 20 is integrally formed in the rear face the insulating element 3; and its bottom 20a, as well as its side walls 20b, are constituted by the insulating material (this bottom 20a extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the side walls 20 b ).
  • the insulating element 3 comprises two monobloc lateral protrusions 34 whose rear end faces 35 extend in the same plane as the rear faces 14 of the lateral jambs 11 of the carrier element 2.
  • the length e of the reservation 20 is slightly greater than twice the width d of associations of projecting parts 13, 34.
  • the assembly head-to-tail of such building blocks 1 makes it possible to obtain the continuity of the insulating element 3 in the length of the wall, in order to improve the thermal performance of this wall.
  • the two variants of building blocks 1, 1 'described above are very easy to obtain, by independent manufacture of the supporting elements 2 and the insulating elements 3, then by inserting and fixing an insulating element in the rear cavity of the housing. a carrier element 2.
  • such a building block structure allows, with a single carrier element, to offer different thicknesses of insulating element, and thus to obtain different thicknesses of walls, this by performing a more or less tight interlocking of the blocks. building in each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The block (1) has a bearing element (2) made of terracotta or concrete associated to an insulating structure in the form of insulating element (3) made of polystyrene. An inner face of an outer shell (10) and inner faces of side jambs (11) form an open cavity (12) on a rear face (7), a top face (4) and a bottom face (5) of the block. The cavity is partially filled by the structure. Rear face of the element forms a rear face (7) of the block in association with rear faces (14) of the jambs. A portion of the rear face (22) of the element constitutes a flat bottom (20a) of a rear re-entrant (20). An independent claim is also included for a wall structure obtained by assembling construction blocks.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine général du bâtiment. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un bloc de construction pour la réalisation de murs et plus généralement de tout type de structure maçonnée (maison, bâtiment ...) ; elle concerne encore le mur obtenu par l'assemblage de tels blocs de construction.The present invention relates to the general field of the building. It relates more particularly to a building block for the realization of walls and more generally any type of masonry structure (house, building ...); it still relates to the wall obtained by assembling such building blocks.

D'une manière générale, les blocs de construction en béton (parpaings) ou en terre cuite (briques) qui sont utilisés pour la construction de murs, murets, maisons individuelles, bâtiments collectifs ou autres, consistent en des structures globalement parallélépipédiques, comprenant des faces de dessus et de dessous parallèles entre elles, deux faces d'extrémités également parallèles ou sensiblement parallèles entre elles, et des faces avant et arrière encore parallèles entre elles.In general, concrete blocks (blocks) or terracotta (bricks) which are used for the construction of walls, walls, houses, collective buildings or other, consist of structures generally parallelepipedic, comprising top and bottom faces parallel to each other, two end faces also parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and front and rear faces still parallel to each other.

Pour construire un mur, ces blocs de construction sont juxtaposés dans le sens de leur longueur, sur une épaisseur, et sur des rangées superposées. Ces blocs sont décalés bien souvent d'un demi-pas à un tiers de pas d'une rangée sur l'autre, et ils sont assemblés par une colle ou un mortier adapté.To build a wall, these building blocks are juxtaposed in the direction of their length, on a thickness, and on superimposed rows. These blocks are often shifted from a half-step to a third of a step from one row to another, and they are assembled by a glue or a suitable mortar.

Les faces avant et/ou arrière des différents blocs juxtaposés peuvent recevoir un habillage intérieur ou extérieur (enduit, isolation ...).Dans certaines réalisations, les blocs de construction intègrent une structure isolante pour améliorer leurs caractéristiques d'isolation.The front and / or rear faces of the different juxtaposed blocks can receive an interior or exterior cladding (plaster, insulation, etc.) In some embodiments, the building blocks incorporate an insulating structure to improve their insulation characteristics.

L'épaisseur des blocs de construction utilisés est fonction de l'épaisseur du mur que l'on souhaite réaliser, tenant compte en particulier des caractéristiques de tenue mécanique et d'isolation souhaitées ; et plus cette épaisseur est importante, plus les blocs sont lourds et difficiles à manipuler.The thickness of the building blocks used is a function of the thickness of the wall that is to be made, taking into account, in particular, the desired mechanical strength and insulation characteristics; and the greater this thickness, the more the blocks are heavy and difficult to handle.

Le document EP-2 065 528 propose un bloc de construction constitué d'un élément porteur formé de quatre parois verticales délimitant un logement intérieur débouchant dans les faces de dessus et de dessous. Ce logement est comblé par un élément isolant en polystyrène de forme générale parallélépipédique.The document EP-2,065,528 proposes a building block consisting of a carrier element formed of four vertical walls delimiting an inner housing opening into the top and bottom faces. This housing is filled by an insulating polystyrene element of parallelepiped general shape.

En outre, la face arrière de ce bloc de construction comporte une réservation qui s'étend sur toute sa hauteur et qui est centrée sur son plan de symétrie médian transversal.In addition, the rear face of this building block has a reservation which extends over its entire height and which is centered on its transverse median symmetry plane.

Une telle structure permet l'imbrication tête-bêche des blocs en vue de constituer un mur formé de deux épaisseurs de blocs.Such a structure allows the back-to-back nesting of the blocks to form a wall formed of two thicknesses of blocks.

Mais les parois du logement fermé de l'élément porteur qui reçoit l'élément isolant, constituent des ponts thermiques importants qui limitent les caractéristiques d'isolation du mur formé.But the walls of the closed housing of the carrier element which receives the insulating element, constitute important thermal bridges which limit the insulation characteristics of the wall formed.

En outre, l'élément isolant n'est pas facile à positionner au sein de son logement d'accueil.In addition, the insulating element is not easy to position within its home slot.

De plus, le même élément porteur ne peut intégrer qu'une seule épaisseur d'élément isolant.In addition, the same carrier element can integrate only one thickness of insulating element.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une solution technique originale pour la construction de murs porteurs fortement isolants, ceci à partir de blocs faciles à fabriquer et à manipuler.The object of the present invention is to propose an original technical solution for the construction of strongly insulating bearing walls, this from blocks easy to manufacture and handle.

Un autre but de l'invention est de permettre l'utilisation de différentes épaisseurs d'éléments isolants avec un même élément porteur, pour la construction de murs d'épaisseurs différentes.Another object of the invention is to allow the use of different thicknesses of insulating elements with the same carrier element, for the construction of walls of different thicknesses.

Le bloc de construction selon l'invention est donc de forme générale globalement parallélépipédique, de hauteur a, de longueur b et d'épaisseur c, comprenant - une face de dessus et une face de dessous parallèles entre elles, définissant entre elles ladite hauteur a, - deux faces d'extrémités parallèles ou sensiblement parallèles entre elles, définissant entre elles ladite longueur b, ainsi - qu'une face avant et une face arrière, définissant entre elles ladite épaisseur c, ladite face avant s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculaire à celui desdites faces de dessus et de dessous ; ce bloc de construction est constitué d'un élément porteur, par exemple réalisé en terre cuite ou en béton, associé à une structure isolante en forme d'élément isolant rapporté qui est réalisé en un matériau, à savoir par exemple du polystyrène. dont le coefficient d'isolation thermique est supérieur à celui du matériaux constitutif dudit élément porteur. Ce bloc de construction présente encore un plan de symétrie médian transversal M, parallèle auxdites faces d'extrémités ; et sa face arrière comporte une réservation qui s'étend sur tout la hauteur a et qui est centrée sur ledit plan médian transversal M, disposée entre deux parties saillantes arrières latérales dont les faces arrières s'étendent dans le même plan, laquelle réservation est délimitée par un fond et par deux parois latérales.The building block according to the invention is therefore of generally parallelepipedal overall shape, of height a , length b and thickness c, comprising - a top face and a bottom face parallel to each other, defining between them said height a two faces of ends parallel or substantially parallel to each other, defining between them said length b, as well as a front face and a rear face, defining between them said thickness c, said front face extending in a perpendicular plane; to that of said top and bottom faces; this building block consists of a carrier element, for example made of terracotta or concrete, associated with an insulating structure in the form of insulating element reported which is made of a material, namely for example polystyrene. whose thermal insulation coefficient is greater than that of the constituent material of said carrier element. This building block still has a transverse median plane of symmetry M, parallel to said end faces; and its rear face comprises a reservation which extends over the entire height a and which is centered on said transverse median plane M, arranged between two rear lateral protruding parts whose rear faces extend in the same plane, which reservation is delimited by a bottom and two side walls.

L'élément porteur se présente sous la forme d'une pièce à section horizontale en U constante ou sensiblement constante, comportant un voile dont la face extérieure constitue ladite face avant, lequel voile est prolongé d'un même côté, au niveau de ses deux extrémités, par des jambages latéraux dont les faces extérieures parallèles entre elles constituent lesdites faces d'extrémité du bloc de construction, dont les parties arrières constituent lesdites parties saillantes latérales, et dont les faces arrières, situées dans un même plan parallèle à celui de ladite face avant constituent une partie de ladite face arrière ; la face du dessus de l'élément isolant constitue la face de dessus du bloc de construction, en association avec la face de dessus dudit voile et avec la face de dessus desdits jambages latéraux de l'élément porteur, et la face de dessous de cet élément isolant constitue la face de dessous dudit bloc de construction, en association avec la face de dessous dudit voile et avec la face de dessous desdits jambages latéraux.The carrier element is in the form of a constant or substantially constant U-shaped horizontal section, comprising a web whose outer face constitutes said front face, which sail is extended on the same side, at its two sides. ends, by side jambs whose external faces parallel to each other constitute said end faces of the building block, the rear portions of which constitute said lateral projecting parts, and whose rear faces, situated in the same plane parallel to that of said front face constitute a part of said rear face; the top face of the insulating element constitutes the top face of the building block, in association with the top face of said web and with the top face of said side jambs of the carrier element, and the underside of this insulating element constitutes the underside of said building block, in association with the underside of said web and with the underside of said side jambs.

Et conformément à la présente invention, la face intérieure dudit voile et les faces intérieures desdits jambages latéraux délimitent une cavité ouverte sur lesdites faces arrières, de dessus et de dessous du bloc de construction, ladite cavité étant partiellement comblée par ledit élément isolant ; la face arrière de cet élément isolant constitue la face arrière du bloc de construction, en association avec les faces arrières desdits jambages latéraux ; et une partie au moins de ladite face arrière de l'élément isolant constitue le fond de ladite réservation arrière du bloc de construction.And in accordance with the present invention, the inner face of said web and the inner faces of said side jambs delimit an open cavity on said rear, top and bottom faces of the building block, said cavity being partially filled by said insulating member; the rear face of this insulating element constitutes the rear face of the building block, in association with the rear faces of said side jambs; and at least part of said rear face of the insulating element constitutes the bottom of said rear reservation of the building block.

On obtient ainsi un bloc de construction dont les caractéristiques isolantes sont optimisées, permettant la réalisation de murs fortement isolants par montage tête-bêche de ces blocs.This gives a building block whose insulating characteristics are optimized, allowing the realization of highly insulating walls by mounting head to tail of these blocks.

En outre, ce bloc de construction est très facile à fabriquer en rapportant la structure isolante par l'arrière de la cavité de l'élément porteur.In addition, this building block is very easy to manufacture by relating the insulating structure through the back of the cavity of the carrier element.

De plus un même élément porteur peut alors recevoir différentes épaisseurs d'élément isolant, pour obtenir des murs d'épaisseurs différentes (tentant compte d'une imbrication plus ou moins prononcée des blocs les uns dans les autres).In addition, the same carrier element can then receive different thicknesses of insulating element, to obtain walls of different thicknesses (trying to account for a more or less pronounced nesting of the blocks into each other).

De préférence, la réservation ménagée dans la face arrière du bloc comporte un fond plan qui s'étend dans un plan parallèle, ou sensiblement parallèle, aux faces arrières des deux parties saillantes latérales de l'élément porteur ; et les parois latérales de cette réservation s'étendent dans des plans perpendiculaires, ou sensiblement perpendiculaires, à celui dudit fond plan.Preferably, the reservation formed in the rear face of the block comprises a plane background which extends in a plane parallel or substantially parallel to the rear faces of the two lateral projecting parts of the carrier element; and the side walls of this reservation extend in planes perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, that of said planar background.

Selon une première forme de réalisation, le fond de la réservation arrière est constitué par la face arrière de l'élément isolant, et ses parois latérales sont constituées par les faces intérieures des jambages latéraux de l'élément porteur.According to a first embodiment, the bottom of the rear reservation is constituted by the rear face of the insulating element, and its side walls are constituted by the inner faces of the lateral jambs of the carrier element.

Selon une autre forme de réalisation, permettant d'optimiser encore plus les caractéristiques d'isolation du mur construit, cette réservation arrière est intégralement ménagée dans la face arrière de l'élément isolant, son fond et ses parois latérales étant constituées par la matière dudit élément isolant, les parois latérales de ladite réservation étant constituées par les faces intérieures de deux parties saillantes latérales dudit élément isolant, et les faces arrières de ces parties saillantes latérales s'étendant dans le même plan que les faces arrières des jambages latéraux de l'élément porteur.According to another embodiment, making it possible to further optimize the insulation characteristics of the wall constructed, this rear reservation is integrally formed in the rear face of the insulating element, its bottom and its side walls being constituted by the material of said insulating element, the side walls of said reservation being constituted by the inner faces of two lateral projections of said insulating member, and the rear faces of these lateral projections extending in the same plane as the rear faces of the side jambs of the carrier element.

La cavité de l'élément porteur qui est délimitée par la face intérieure du voile et par les faces intérieures des jambages latéraux a de préférence une forme générale parallélépipédique.The cavity of the carrier element which is delimited by the inner face of the web and by the inner faces of the side jambs preferably has a generally parallelepipedal shape.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le plan de la face de dessus de l'élément isolant est situé dans le plan de la face de dessus du voile et des jambages latéraux de l'élément porteur, ou est situé dans un plan légèrement en retrait ; et le plan de la face de dessous de l'élément isolant est situé dans le plan de la face de dessous du voile et des jambages latéraux dudit élément porteur, ou est situé dans un plan légèrement en retrait.According to another characteristic, the plane of the top face of the insulating element is located in the plane of the top face of the web and side jambs of the carrier element, or is located in a slightly recessed plane; and the plane of the underside of the insulating member is located in the plane of the underside of the web and side jambs of said carrier member, or is located in a slightly recessed plane.

Selon une forme de réalisation préférée, la cavité de l'élément porteur qui est délimitée par la face intérieure du voile et par les faces intérieures des jambages latéraux a une forme générale parallélépipédique de longueur e, de hauteur a et de largeur f, et l'élément isolant a une forme générale parallélépipédique :

  • dont la hauteur g correspond à la hauteur a de ladite cavité, ou elle est légèrement inférieure à cette hauteur a,
  • dont la hauteur h correspond à la longueur e de ladite cavité, et
  • dont l'épaisseur i est au moins en partie inférieure à la largeur f de ladite cavité,
la face avant dudit élément isolant venant se plaquer contre la face arrière du voile de l'élément porteur, et les faces de côtés de cet élément isolant venant se plaquer contre les faces intérieures desdits jambages latéraux de l'élément porteur.According to a preferred embodiment, the cavity of the carrier element which is delimited by the inner face of the web and by the inner faces of the jambs sides has a parallelepipedal overall shape of length e, height a and width f, and the insulating element has a parallelepipedal general shape:
  • whose height g corresponds to the height a of said cavity, or it is slightly less than this height a ,
  • whose height h corresponds to the length e of said cavity, and
  • whose thickness i is at least partly lower than the width f of said cavity,
the front face of said insulating member being pressed against the rear face of the web of the carrier member, and the side faces of this insulating member being pressed against the inner faces of said side jambs of the carrier member.

Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les deux angles de la cavité de l'élément porteur, formés par la face intérieure du voile et par les faces intérieures des jambages latéraux, comportent des pans coupés, les angles en correspondance de l'élément isolant étant tronqués pour venir épouser lesdits pans coupés.According to a particular embodiment, the two corners of the cavity of the carrier element, formed by the inner face of the web and by the inner faces of the side jambs, have cut-off sides, the angles corresponding to the insulating element being truncated to come to marry said cut faces.

Encore dans une forme de réalisation particulière, l'élément isolant est solidarisé avec l'élément porteur par insertion à force. Dans une variante de conception, cet élément isolant est solidarisé avec l'élément porteur par collage.In another particular embodiment, the insulating element is secured to the load-bearing member by force insertion. In a variant of design, this insulating element is secured to the carrier element by gluing.

L'invention concerne encore la structure de mur obtenue par l'assemblage de blocs de construction tels que définis ci-dessus, cette structure de mur étant réalisée par deux épaisseurs desdits blocs de construction montés tête-bêche, les parties saillantes latérales des faces arrière juxtaposées de deux blocs de construction alignés, de l'une desdites épaisseurs, étant intégrées dans la réservation arrière d'un bloc de construction de l'autre épaisseur.The invention also relates to the wall structure obtained by assembling building blocks as defined above, this wall structure being made by two thicknesses of said building blocks mounted head to tail, the lateral projecting parts of the rear faces. juxtaposed two aligned building blocks, one of said thicknesses, being integrated in the rear reservation of a building block of the other thickness.

Dans une telle structure de mur, les faces arrière des parties saillantes latérales des éléments porteurs, et éventuellement les faces arrières des parties saillantes latérales des éléments isolants, des blocs de construction viennent avantageusement se plaquer contre le fond de la réservation arrière d'un autre bloc de construction en vis-à-vis.In such a wall structure, the rear faces of the lateral projecting parts of the carrier elements, and possibly the rear faces of the lateral protruding parts of the insulating elements, the building blocks advantageously press against the bottom of the rear reservation of another building block vis-à-vis.

De préférence, cette structure de mur est obtenue par l'assemblage de blocs de construction sur plusieurs niveaux horizontaux, ces blocs de construction étant décalés latéralement entre les différents niveaux horizontaux superposés, par exemple d'un tiers de pas ou d'un demi-pas.Preferably, this wall structure is obtained by assembling building blocks on several horizontal levels, these building blocks being offset laterally between the different superimposed horizontal levels, for example one third of steps or half not.

L'invention sera encore illustrée, sans être aucunement limitée, par la description suivante d'une forme de réalisation particulière, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et représentée sur les dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un bloc de construction conforme à l'invention, constitué d'un élément porteur associé à un élément isolant, orienté côtés face arrière et face de dessus ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du bloc de construction de la figure 1, orienté côtés face avant et face de dessus ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de dessus du bloc de construction illustré sur les figures 1 et 2 ;
  • la figure 4 montre le bloc de construction des figures 1 à 3 avec ses deux parties constitutives (élément porteur et élément isolant) illustrées désassemblées ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus montrant le principe de pose des blocs de construction des figures 1 à 4, pour obtenir un mur ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue par-dessus d'une partie de mur obtenue par l'assemblage de blocs de construction des figures 1 à 4, en association avec des éléments complémentaires pour le montage de parties singulières de la structure ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en perspective montrant un mur obtenu par l'assemblage de deux rangées de blocs de construction selon les figures 1 à 4 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue de dessus d'une variante de réalisation du bloc de construction selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue de dessus montrant le principe de pose des blocs de construction de la figure 8, pour obtenir un mur.
The invention will be further illustrated, without being limited in any way, by the following description of a particular embodiment, given solely by way of example and shown in the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a building block according to the invention, consisting of a carrier element associated with an insulating element, oriented rear side sides and top face;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of the building block of the figure 1 oriented front and front sides;
  • the figure 3 is a top view of the building block shown on the Figures 1 and 2 ;
  • the figure 4 shows the building block of Figures 1 to 3 with its two constituent parts (bearing element and insulating element) illustrated disassembled;
  • the figure 5 is a top view showing the principle of laying building blocks of Figures 1 to 4 , to get a wall;
  • the figure 6 is a view over a wall part obtained by assembling building blocks of Figures 1 to 4 , in association with complementary elements for mounting singular parts of the structure;
  • the figure 7 is a perspective view showing a wall obtained by assembling two rows of building blocks according to the Figures 1 to 4 ;
  • the figure 8 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the building block according to the invention;
  • the figure 9 is a top view showing the principle of laying building blocks of the figure 8 , to get a wall.

Le bloc de construction 1, illustré sur les figures 1 à 4, est constitué d'un élément porteur 2 associé à un élément isolant 3.Building Block 1, shown on Figures 1 to 4 , consists of a carrier element 2 associated with an insulating element 3.

Ce bloc de construction 1 a une forme générale parallélépipédique délimitée par une face de dessus 4, une face de dessous 5, une face avant 6, une face arrière 7 et deux faces latérales 8 et 9.This building block 1 has a parallelepipedal general shape delimited by a top face 4, a bottom face 5, a front face 6, a rear face 7 and two side faces 8 and 9.

Les faces de dessus 4 et de dessous 5 sont parallèles entre elles (ou sensiblement parallèles), et elles définissent la hauteur a du bloc de construction 1.The top faces 4 and 5 below are parallel to each other (or substantially parallel), and they define the height a of the building block 1.

Les faces d'extrémités 8 et 9 sont parallèles entre elles (ou sensiblement parallèles), et elles définissent la longueur b du bloc de construction 1.The end faces 8 and 9 are parallel to each other (or substantially parallel), and they define the length b of the building block 1.

Les faces avant 6 et arrière 7 sont également parallèles entre elles, et elles définissent l'épaisseur c de ce bloc 1.The front 6 and rear 7 faces are also parallel to each other, and they define the thickness c of this block 1.

Ce bloc de construction 1 présente un plan de symétrie médian transversal M qui est parallèle aux faces d'extrémités 8, 9 et perpendiculaire aux faces avant 6 et arrière 7.This building block 1 has a transverse plane of median symmetry M which is parallel to the end faces 8, 9 and perpendicular to the front faces 6 and rear 7.

L'élément porteur 2 consiste en une structure porteuse à section horizontale en U, constante ou sensiblement constante, constituée d'un voile extérieur 10 à partir du même côté duquel s'étendent deux jambages latéraux 11. Le voile 10 et les jambages 11 délimitent ensemble une cavité 12 ouverte sur l'arrière, sur le dessus et sur le dessous.The carrier element 2 consists of a constant or substantially constant horizontal U-shaped bearing structure consisting of an outer web 10 from the same side of which two lateral jambs 11 extend. The web 10 and the legs 11 delimit together a cavity 12 open on the back, on the top and on the bottom.

La face extérieure du voile 10 constitue la face avant 6 du bloc de construction 1 ; les faces extérieures des deux jambages latéraux 11 constituent les faces d'extrémités 8 et 9 du bloc 1, et leur partie arrière 13 constitue des parties saillantes latérales dont les faces arrière 14 sont situées dans le même plan et constituent une partie de la face arrière 7 du bloc 1 (en l'occurrence des parties latérales de cette face arrière 7).The outer face of the web 10 constitutes the front face 6 of the building block 1; the outer faces of the two lateral jambs 11 constitute the end faces 8 and 9 of the block 1, and their rear portion 13 constitutes lateral projections whose rear faces 14 are situated in the same plane and constitute a part of the rear face 7 of block 1 (in this case the lateral parts of this rear face 7).

Les jambages latéraux 11 (et donc leur face arrière 14) ont une largeur identique d.The side jambs 11 (and therefore their rear face 14) have an identical width d.

La face intérieure 15 des jambages latéraux 11 et la face intérieure 16 du voile 10 délimitent la cavité 12 précitée, pour la réception de l'élément isolant 3.The inner face 15 of the lateral jambs 11 and the inner face 16 of the web 10 delimit the cavity 12 mentioned above, for the reception of the insulating element 3.

Les deux faces intérieures 15 des jambages 11 sont parallèles entre elles, et la face intérieure 16 du voile 10 s'étend perpendiculairement à ces dernières, formant ainsi une cavité 12 de forme globalement parallélépipédique.The two inner faces 15 of the legs 11 are parallel to each other, and the inner face 16 of the web 10 extends perpendicular to the latter, thus forming a cavity 12 of generally parallelepiped shape.

La cavité 12 s'étend - sur toute la hauteur a de l'élément porteur 2 et du bloc de construction 1, - sur une largeur (ou épaisseur) f correspondant ici environ aux trois-quarts de la largeur c de l'élément porteur et du bloc de construction 1, et - sur une longueur e, centrée sur le plan médian M du bloc 1, qui est légèrement supérieure à la moitié de la longueur b dudit bloc_de construction 1. La longueur e est légèrement supérieure au double de la largeur d des faces arrière 14 des jambages 11.The cavity 12 extends over the entire height a of the carrier element 2 and the building block 1, over a width (or thickness) corresponding here to about three quarters of the width c of the carrier element. and of the building block 1, and - over a length e, centered on the median plane M of the block 1, which is slightly greater than half the length b of said building block 1. The length e is slightly greater than twice the width d of the rear faces 14 of the legs 11.

Ces longueur e et largeur f de la cavité 12 sont constantes sur toute la hauteur a du bloc de construction.These length e and width f of the cavity 12 are constant over the entire height a of the building block.

Sur les figures 1 à 4, on remarque que les angles de la cavité 12 formés par la face intérieure 16 du voile 10 et par les faces internes 15 des jambages 11, comportent des pans coupés 18.On the Figures 1 to 4 , it is noted that the angles of the cavity 12 formed by the inner face 16 of the web 10 and the inner faces 15 of the legs 11, have cut sides 18.

D'autre part, la face extérieure du voile 10 et les faces arrière 14 des jambages 11 comportent des striures parallèles qui s'étendent sur la hauteur du bloc de construction, entre les faces de dessus 4 et de dessous 5.On the other hand, the outer face of the web 10 and the rear faces 14 of the legs 11 comprise parallel striations which extend over the height of the building block, between the top faces 4 and 5 below.

De telles striures optimisent l'accrochage d'un matériau d'habillage.Such striations optimize the attachment of a dressing material.

Sur les figures 1 à 4, on remarque encore la présence d'une rainure centrale 19 ménagée sur la hauteur des faces latérales 8 et 9, en particulier pour faciliter la pose jointive des blocs.On the Figures 1 to 4 , there is still the presence of a central groove 19 formed on the height of the side faces 8 and 9, in particular to facilitate the adjacent laying of the blocks.

Les faces de dessus des jambages 11 et du voile 10 définissent une partie de la face de dessus 4 du bloc de construction 1 ; et les faces de dessous des jambages 11 et du voile 10 définissent une partie de la face de dessous 5 de ce bloc 1.The top faces of the legs 11 and the web 10 define a portion of the top face 4 of the building block 1; and the bottom faces of the legs 11 and the web 10 define part of the bottom face 5 of this block 1.

Cet élément porteur 2 est réalisé en matériau résistant, par toute technique appropriée (moulage, extrusion, découpe ...).This carrier element 2 is made of resistant material, by any suitable technique (molding, extrusion, cutting ...).

Il peut par exemple être réalisé en terre cuite (comme pour le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 4), muni d'un ensemble d'alvéoles traversantes ou non, de forme et d'emplacement adaptés.It can for example be made of terracotta (as for the embodiment shown on the Figures 1 to 4 ), provided with a set of cells passing through or not, of suitable shape and location.

Dans des variantes de réalisation, l'élément porteur 2 peut être réalisé en béton, en bois ou autre.In alternative embodiments, the carrier element 2 can be made of concrete, wood or other.

L'élément isolant 3 consiste en un bloc de matière, de forme globalement parallélépipédique, adapté pour venir se loger dans la cavité 12 de l'élément porteur 2 (sans faire saillie de cette dernière), tout en ménageant une réservation arrière 20 (visible sur les figures 1 à 3), détaillée plus loin. Cet élément 3 comble donc partiellement la cavité 12.The insulating element 3 consists of a block of material, of generally parallelepipedal shape, adapted to be housed in the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2 (without projecting from the latter), while leaving a rear reserve 20 (visible on the Figures 1 to 3 ), detailed below. This element 3 thus partially fills the cavity 12.

Pour cela, l'élément isolant 3 comporte une face avant 21, une face arrière 22, une face de dessus 23, une face de dessous 24 et deux faces latérales 25 et 26.For this, the insulating element 3 comprises a front face 21, a rear face 22, a top face 23, a bottom face 24 and two side faces 25 and 26.

Ses angles 27 qui raccordent les faces latérales 25, 26 et la face avant 21 sont coupés ou tronqués, pour tenir compte des pans coupés 18 de l'élément porteur 2.Its angles 27 which connect the lateral faces 25, 26 and the front face 21 are cut or truncated, to take account of the cut edges 18 of the carrier element 2.

Les faces de dessus 23 et de dessous 24 sont planes et s'étendent parallèlement l'une à l'autre ; elles définissent entre elles la hauteur g de l'élément isolant 3.The top faces 23 and bottom 24 are flat and extend parallel to each other; between them they define the height g of the insulating element 3.

Cette hauteur g correspond à la hauteur a de l'élément porteur 2, ou est légèrement inférieure à cette hauteur a.This height g corresponds to the height a of the carrier element 2, or is slightly less than this height a.

Les faces latérales 25 et 26 sont planes et s'étendent parallèlement l'une à l'autre ; elles définissent entre elles la largeur h de l'élément isolant 3. Cette largeur h correspond à la longueur e de la cavité 12 de l'élément porteur 2.The side faces 25 and 26 are flat and extend parallel to each other; between them they define the width h of the insulating element 3. This width h corresponds to the length e of the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2.

Les faces avant 21 et arrière 22 sont planes et s'étendent parallèlement l'une à l'autre ; elles définissent entre elles l'épaisseur i de l'élément isolant 3. Cette épaisseur i est inférieure à la largeur f de la cavité 12 de l'élément porteur 2.The front 21 and rear 22 are flat and extend parallel to each other; between them they define the thickness i of the insulating element 3. This thickness i is smaller than the width f of the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2.

L'élément isolant 3 peut être réalisé en tout matériau dont le coefficient d'isolation thermique est supérieur à celui du matériau constitutif de l'élément porteur 2 ; il consiste avantageusement en un bloc moulé de polystyrène, mais on peut envisager d'utiliser d'autres matériaux tels que la laine minérale, végétale ou animale, ou encore le polyuréthane, par exemple, intégré par tout moyen approprié dans la cavité 12.The insulating element 3 may be made of any material whose thermal insulation coefficient is greater than that of the material constituting the carrier element 2; it advantageously consists of a molded block of polystyrene, but it is conceivable to use other materials such as mineral wool, plant or animal, or polyurethane, for example, integrated by any appropriate means into the cavity 12.

Cet élément isolant 3 est rapporté au sein de la cavité 12 de l'élément porteur 2, comme illustré sur les figures 1 à 3.This insulating element 3 is attached within the cavity 12 of the carrier element 2, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 .

Les deux éléments 2 et 3 sont solidarisés par tout moyen approprié : insertion à force, collage ...The two elements 2 and 3 are secured by any appropriate means: forced insertion, bonding ...

En particulier, sur la figure 3, on remarque la présence de nervures 28 ménagées en saillie sur les faces internes 15 des jambages 11, contribuant au verrouillage de l'élément isolant 3 lors de son positionnement à force dans la cavité 12 de l'élément porteur 2.In particular, on the figure 3 , we note the presence of ribs 28 projecting on the inner faces 15 of the legs 11, contributing to the locking of the insulating member 3 during its positioning force in the cavity 12 of the carrier member 2.

Dans le bloc de construction 1 ainsi obtenu :

  • la face avant 21 de l'élément isolant 3 vient se plaquer contre la face intérieure 16 du voile 10 de l'élément porteur 2 ;
  • les angles tronqués 27 de l'élément isolant 3 viennent se plaquer contre les pans coupés 18 de l'élément porteur 2 ;
  • les faces de dessus 23 et de dessous 24 de l'élément isolant 3 viennent se positionner respectivement dans le plan des faces de dessus et de dessous de l'élément porteur 2 (ou bien sont disposées légèrement en retrait de ces plans) ; elles constituent alors respectivement une partie de la face de dessus 4 et de la face de dessous 5 du bloc de construction 1 ;
  • la face arrière 22 de l'élément isolant 3 s'étend au sein de la cavité 12, en léger retrait du plan de la face arrière 14 des jambages 11 ; ce retrait peut être de l'ordre de 2 à 3 cm, par exemple.
In the building block 1 thus obtained:
  • the front face 21 of the insulating element 3 is pressed against the inner face 16 of the web 10 of the carrier element 2;
  • the truncated angles 27 of the insulating element 3 are pressed against the cut edges 18 of the carrier element 2;
  • the top faces 23 and bottom 24 of the insulating element 3 are respectively positioned in the plane of the top and bottom faces of the carrier element 2 (or are arranged slightly behind these planes); they then respectively constitute part of the top face 4 and the bottom face 5 of the building block 1;
  • the rear face 22 of the insulating element 3 extends within the cavity 12, slightly removed from the plane of the rear face 14 of the legs 11; this withdrawal can be of the order of 2 to 3 cm, for example.

On forme ainsi la réservation 20 précitée, dans la face arrière du bloc de construction 1, délimitée par un fond plan 20a et par deux parois latérales 20b. Cette réservation 20 est en fait délimitée par la face arrière plane 22 de l'élément isolant 3, constituant son fond 20a (cette face plane 22 s'étendant dans un plan parallèle au plan des faces arrière 14 des jambages 11 ) et par les parties extrêmes arrière parallèles 20b des faces internes 15 des jambages 11. Le fond 20a s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire, ou sensiblement perpendiculaire, au plan des parois latérales 20b.The above-mentioned reservation 20 is thus formed in the rear face of the building block 1, delimited by a flat bottom 20a and by two lateral walls 20b . This reservation 20 is in fact delimited by the flat rear face 22 of the insulating element 3, constituting its bottom 20a (this flat face 22 extending in a plane parallel to the plane of the rear faces 14 of the legs 11) and by the parts Parallel rear ends 20b of the internal faces 15 of the legs 11. The bottom 20a extends in a plane perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, the plane of the side walls 20b.

La réservation 20 est centrée sur le plan de symétrie médian M du bloc de construction 1 ; elle a une hauteur a et une longueur e ; son épaisseur est constante, de l'ordre de 2 à 3 cm par exemple.The reservation 20 is centered on the median plane of symmetry M of the building block 1; it has a height a and a length e; its thickness is constant, of the order of 2 to 3 cm for example.

Comme précisé ci-dessus, la longueur e est légèrement supérieure à deux fois la largeur d des jambages 11.As stated above, the length e is slightly greater than twice the width of the legs 11.

Les figures 5 à 7 illustrent le principe de montage d'une structure de mur 30 au moyen des blocs de construction 1 tels qu'illustrés sur les figures 1 à 4.The Figures 5 to 7 illustrate the principle of mounting a wall structure 30 by means of the building blocks 1 as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 .

Comme visible sur la figure 5 qui correspond à une vue par-dessus de trois blocs de construction 1 correctement juxtaposés, sur chaque niveau horizontal les blocs de construction 1 sont positionnés tête-bêche (avec leurs faces arrière 7 en vis-à-vis) sur deux épaisseurs (ou pratiquement deux épaisseurs), avec les parties saillantes latérales 13 des faces arrière juxtaposées de deux blocs alignés, de l'une des épaisseurs, intégrées dans la réservation arrière d'un bloc en vis-à-vis de l'autre épaisseur.As visible on the figure 5 which corresponds to a view over three building blocks 1 correctly juxtaposed, on each horizontal level the building blocks 1 are positioned head to tail (with their rear faces 7 vis-à-vis) on two thicknesses (or practically two thicknesses), with the lateral projecting parts 13 of the rear faces juxtaposed with two aligned blocks, one of the thicknesses, integrated in the rear reservation of a block vis-à-vis the other thickness.

Les faces arrière 14 des parties saillantes latérales 13 de chaque bloc 1 viennent se plaquer (ou pratiquement se plaquer) contre le fond 20a de la réservation 20 du bloc de construction en vis-à-vis.The rear faces 14 of the side protrusions 13 of each block 1 are pressed (or substantially be pressed) against the bottom 20 has booking 20 of the building block in vis-à-vis.

Un tel principe de pose est rendu possible du fait que la longueur e de la réservation 20 est légèrement supérieure à deux fois la largeur d des jambages 11. Le léger surdimensionnement correspondant est lié au jeu nécessaire pour réaliser l'emboîtement recherché ; ce léger surdimensionnement sera néanmoins minimisé au maximum.Such a laying principle is made possible because the length e of the reservation 20 is slightly greater than twice the width of the jambs 11. The corresponding slight oversizing is related to the clearance necessary to achieve the desired nesting; this slight oversizing will be minimized to a minimum.

Les deux épaisseurs de blocs de construction s'interpénètrent partiellement les unes dans les autres, et l'épaisseur finale de la structure de mur obtenue correspond à deux fois l'épaisseur des blocs de construction 1, moins la moitié de la légère interpénétration précitée.The two thicknesses of building blocks partially interpenetrate one into the other, and the final thickness of the resulting wall structure is twice the thickness of the building blocks 1, minus half the slight interpenetration mentioned above.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 6, on obtient ainsi un niveau (ou rang) de mur formé d'une double épaisseur de blocs de construction 1, avec les faces externes des voiles 10 qui forment les faces verticales visibles des deux côtés du mur 30, et avec les éléments isolants 3 intégrés dans l'épaisseur de ce mur 30.As can be seen on the figure 6 , one thus obtains a level (or rank) of wall formed of a double thickness of building blocks 1, with the external faces of the sails 10 which form the visible vertical faces of the two sides of the wall 30, and with the insulating elements 3 integrated in the thickness of this wall 30.

En tout endroit, ou quasiment en tout endroit, l'épaisseur du mur est constituée de l'épaisseur d'un jambage 11, de l'épaisseur d'un élément isolant 3 et de l'épaisseur de deux voiles 10.In any place, or almost anywhere, the thickness of the wall consists of the thickness of a leg 11, the thickness of an insulating member 3 and the thickness of two webs 10.

Les différents éléments isolants 3 des deux épaisseurs du mur 30 sont disposés en quinconce, et de préférence avec de légers recouvrements d'extrémités, transversalement au plan des faces verticales du mur, pour obtenir une quasi-continuité d'isolation sur l'intégralité de la surface de construction.The different insulating elements 3 of the two thicknesses of the wall 30 are arranged in staggered rows, and preferably with slight overlaps of ends, transversely to the plane of the vertical faces of the wall, to obtain a quasi-continuity of insulation over the entire the building surface.

Comme illustré sur la figure 7, les autres niveaux ou rangs de blocs 1 sont posés de la même manière, mais avec un décalage latéral, par exemple d'un tiers de pas ou d'un demi-pas.As illustrated on the figure 7 the other levels or ranks of blocks 1 are laid in the same way, but with a lateral offset, for example a third of a step or a half step.

On obtient ainsi une structure de mur stable et solide dans laquelle chaque élément porteur 2 des blocs 1 d'un niveau de la construction vient reposer sur une partie de quatre éléments porteurs 2 du niveau directement sous-jacent.A stable and solid wall structure is thus obtained in which each carrier element 2 of the blocks 1 of a level of the construction comes to rest on a part of four bearing elements 2 of the directly underlying level.

Les éléments isolants 3 d'un niveau du mur viennent se positionner dans le prolongement des éléments isolants des niveaux sus-jacents et sous-jacents, pour constituer une structure très performante en terme d'isolation thermique (en association avec les caractéristiques d'isolation des éléments porteurs 2 associés).The insulating elements 3 of a wall level are positioned in the extension of the insulating elements of the underlying and underlying levels, to constitute a very high performance structure in terms of thermal insulation (in combination with the insulation characteristics associated bearing elements 2).

Le système permet, en une seule opération, de réaliser la structure porteuse, l'isolation et les parements extérieur et intérieur du mur. Les faces extérieure et intérieure du mur pourront recevoir des finitions classiques (enduits par exemple).The system allows, in a single operation, to create the supporting structure, the insulation and the exterior and interior wall cladding. The outer and inner faces of the wall can receive classic finishes (coatings for example).

Ce système permet encore, sur la base du rang positionné côté extérieur du mur, d'aligner très facilement le rang côté intérieur.This system still allows, on the basis of the row positioned outside the wall, to align very easily the row on the inside.

L'absence d'espaces verticaux traversants est propice à assure une bonne étanchéité à l'air.The absence of vertical spaces through is conducive to ensuring a good airtightness.

L'assemblage entre les différents niveaux du mur est réalisé au moyen d'un joint de mortier ou de colle adapté, par exemple positionnée au rouleau.The assembly between the different levels of the wall is achieved by means of a mortar or glue joint adapted, for example positioned by roller.

Comme on peut le voir sur les figures 6 et 7, différentes pièces complémentaires en forme de demi-blocs 31 ou de pièces de finition 32, 33 peuvent être prévues pour le montage de parties singulières de la structure de mur (remplissage de finition ou réalisation de poteaux d'angles, par exemple).As can be seen on the figures 6 and 7 , different complementary pieces in the form of half-blocks 31 or finishing pieces 32, 33 can be provided for mounting singular parts of the wall structure (finishing filler or realization of corner posts, for example).

Les figures 8 et 9 illustrent une variante de réalisation du bloc de construction 1' selon l'invention dans lequel les parties identiques au mode de réalisation précédent conservent les mêmes repères pour faciliter la compréhension.The Figures 8 and 9 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the building block 1 'according to the invention wherein the parts identical to the previous embodiment retain the same marks to facilitate understanding.

Ce bloc de construction 1' est constitué d'un élément porteur 2 à section horizontale en U, muni d'une cavité arrière au sein de laquelle est inséré un élément isolant 3. Ici, la réservation arrière 20 est intégralement ménagée dans la face arrière de l'élément isolant 3 ; et son fond 20a, ainsi que ses parois latérales 20b, sont donc constitués par la matière isolante (ce fond 20a s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan des parois latérales 20b).This building block 1 'consists of a carrier element 2 with horizontal U-section, provided with a rear cavity in which is inserted an insulating member 3. Here, the rear reservation 20 is integrally formed in the rear face the insulating element 3; and its bottom 20a, as well as its side walls 20b, are constituted by the insulating material (this bottom 20a extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the side walls 20 b ).

L'élément isolant 3 comporte pour cela deux parties saillantes latérales monobloc 34 dont les faces d'extrémité arrière 35 s'étendent dans le même plan que les faces arrières 14 des jambages latéraux 11 de l'élément porteur 2.For this purpose, the insulating element 3 comprises two monobloc lateral protrusions 34 whose rear end faces 35 extend in the same plane as the rear faces 14 of the lateral jambs 11 of the carrier element 2.

Les faces intérieures de ces parties saillantes latérales 34 constituent lesdites parois latérales 20b de la réservation 20, et le fond 20a de cette réservation 20 s'étend en léger retrait du plan formé par lesdites faces arrières 14, 35.The inner faces of these lateral projecting portions 34 constitute said lateral walls 20b of the reservation 20, and the bottom 20a of this reservation 20 extends in slight withdrawal from the plane formed by said rear faces 14, 35.

La longueur e de la réservation 20 est légèrement supérieure à deux fois la largeur d des associations de parties saillantes 13, 34.The length e of the reservation 20 is slightly greater than twice the width d of associations of projecting parts 13, 34.

Comme illustré sur la figure 9, l'assemblage tête-bêche de tels blocs de construction 1' permet d'obtenir la continuité de l'élément isolant 3 dans la longueur du mur, cela afin d'améliorer la performance thermique de ce mur.As illustrated on the figure 9 , the assembly head-to-tail of such building blocks 1 'makes it possible to obtain the continuity of the insulating element 3 in the length of the wall, in order to improve the thermal performance of this wall.

Les deux variantes de blocs de construction 1, 1' décrites ci-dessus sont très faciles à obtenir, par une fabrication indépendante des éléments porteurs 2 et des éléments isolants 3, puis par insertion et fixation d'un élément isolant dans la cavité arrière d'un élément porteur 2.The two variants of building blocks 1, 1 'described above are very easy to obtain, by independent manufacture of the supporting elements 2 and the insulating elements 3, then by inserting and fixing an insulating element in the rear cavity of the housing. a carrier element 2.

On comprend encore qu'une telle structure de bloc de construction permet, avec un élément porteur unique, de proposer différentes épaisseurs d'élément isolant, et donc d'obtenir différentes épaisseurs de murs, cela en réalisant une imbrication plus ou moins poussée des blocs de construction les uns dans les autres.It is also understood that such a building block structure allows, with a single carrier element, to offer different thicknesses of insulating element, and thus to obtain different thicknesses of walls, this by performing a more or less tight interlocking of the blocks. building in each other.

Claims (13)

Bloc de construction de forme générale globalement parallélépipédique, de hauteur (a), de longueur (b) et d'épaisseur (c), comprenant une face de dessus (4) et une face de dessous (5), parallèles entre elles, définissant entre elles ladite hauteur (a), deux faces d'extrémités (8, 9), parallèles ou sensiblement parallèles entre elles, définissant entre elles ladite longueur (b), ainsi qu'une face avant (6) et une face arrière (7), définissant entre elles ladite épaisseur (c), ladite face avant (6) s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculaire à celui desdites faces de dessus (4) et de dessous (5), ledit bloc de construction (1) étant constitué d'un élément porteur (2), par exemple réalisé en terre cuite ou en béton, associé à une structure isolante (3) en forme d'élément isolant rapporté qui est réalisé en un matériau, par exemple du polystyrène, dont le coefficient d'isolation thermique est supérieur à celui du matériau constitutif dudit élément porteur (2), et ledit bloc de construction présentant un plan de symétrie médian transversal (M), parallèle auxdites faces d'extrémités (8, 9), ladite face arrière (7) comportant une réservation (20) qui s'étend sur toute la hauteur (a) et qui est centrée sur ledit plan médian transversal (M), disposée entre deux parties saillantes arrière latérales (13) dont les faces arrière (14) s'étendent dans le même plan, laquelle réservation (20) est délimitée par une fond (20a) et par deux parois latérales (20b), ledit élément porteur (2) se présentant sous la forme d'une pièce à section horizontale en U constante ou sensiblement constante, comportant un voile (10) dont la face extérieure constitue ladite face avant (6), lequel voile (10) est prolongé d'un même côté, au niveau de ses deux extrémités, par des jambages latéraux (11 ) dont les faces extérieures parallèles entre elles constituent lesdites faces d'extrémité (8, 9), dont les parties arrières constituent lesdites parties saillantes latérales (13) et dont les faces arrières (14), situées dans un même plan parallèle à celui de ladite face avant (6) constituent une partie de ladite face arrière (7), la face de dessus (23) dudit élément isolant (3) constituant la face de dessus (4) dudit bloc de construction, en association avec la face de dessus dudit voile (10) et avec la face de dessus desdits jambages latéraux (11) de l'élément porteur (2), la face de dessous (24) dudit élément isolant (3) constituant la face de dessous (5) dudit bloc de construction, en association avec la face de dessous dudit voile (10) et la face de dessous desdits jambages latéraux (11), caractérisé en ce que la face intérieure (16) dudit voile (10) et les faces intérieures (15) desdits jambages latéraux (11 ) délimitent une cavité (12) ouverte sur lesdites faces arrière (7), de dessus (4) et de dessous (5) dudit bloc de construction, ladite cavité (12) étant partiellement comblée par ladite structure isolante en forme d'élément rapporté (3), la face arrière (22) dudit élément isolant (3) constituant la face arrière (7) dudit bloc de construction, en association avec les faces arrière (14) desdits jambages latéraux (11), et une partie au moins de ladite face arrière (22) dudit élément isolant (3) constituant ledit fond (20a) de ladite réservation (20).Construction block of generally parallelepipedal overall shape, of height (a), length (b) and thickness ( c ), comprising a top face (4) and a bottom face (5), parallel to each other, defining between them said height (a), two end faces (8, 9), parallel or substantially parallel to each other, defining between them said length ( b ), and a front face (6) and a rear face (7). ), defining between them said thickness (c), said front face (6) extending in a plane perpendicular to that of said top (4) and bottom (5) faces, said building block (1) consisting of a carrier element (2), for example made of terracotta or concrete, associated with an insulating structure (3) in the form of an insulating insert element which is made of a material, for example polystyrene, whose coefficient of thermal insulation is greater than that of the constituent material of said porous element (2), and said building block having a transverse median plane of symmetry ( M ), parallel to said end faces (8, 9), said rear face (7) having a reservation (20) which extends over the entire height (a) and which is centered on said transverse median plane ( M ), disposed between two lateral rear projections (13) whose rear faces (14) extend in the same plane, which reservation (20) is delimited by a bottom (20 a ) and by two side walls (20b), said carrier element (2) being in the form of a constant or substantially constant horizontal cross-section piece having a web (10) whose outer face constitutes said front face (6), which web (10) is extended on the same side, at its two ends, by side jambs (11) whose outer faces parallel to each other constitute said end faces (8, 9), whose rear parts constitute said lateral protruding parts (13) and whose rear faces (14) situated in the same plane parallel to that of said front face (6) constitute a part of said rear face (7), the top face (23) said insulating member (3) constituting the top face (4) of said building block, in association with the top face of said web (10) and with the top face of said side legs (11) of the carrier member (2); ), the bottom face (24) of said insulating element (3) constituting the bottom face (5) of said building block, in association with the underside of said web (10) and the underside of said side jambs (11). ), characterized in that the inner face (16) of said web (10) and the inner faces (15) of said lateral legs (11) delimit a cavity (12) open on said rear faces (7), from above (4) and from below (5) of said building block, said cavity (12) being partially combi by said insert-shaped insulating structure (3), the rear face (22) of said insulating member (3) constituting the rear face (7) of said building block, in association with the rear faces (14) of said legs side members (11), and at least a portion of said rear face (22) of said insulating member (3) constituting said bottom (20a) of said reservation (20). Bloc de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la réservation (20) ménagée dans la face arrière (7) comporte un fond plan (20a) s'étendant dans un plan parallèle, ou sensiblement parallèle, aux faces arrière (14) des deux parties saillantes latérales (13), et en ce que lesdites parois latérales (20b) de ladite réservation (20) s'étendent dans des plans perpendiculaires, ou sensiblement perpendiculaires, à celui dudit fond plan (20a).Building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservation (20) in the rear face (7) has a plane bottom (20a) extending in a plane parallel or substantially parallel to the rear faces (14). two lateral projections (13), and in that said side walls (20b) of said reservation (20) extend in planes perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, that of said planar bottom (20 a ). Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le fond (20a) de ladite réservation (20) est constitué par la face arrière (22) de l'élément isolant (3), et en ce que lesdites parois latérales (20b) de ladite réservation (20) sont constituées par lesdites faces intérieures (15) desdits jambages latéraux (11).A building block according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom (20a) of said book (20) is constituted by the rear face (22) of the insulating element (3), and that said side walls (20b) of said reservation (20) are constituted by said inner faces (15) of said side legs (11). Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite réservation (20) est intégralement ménagée dans la face arrière de l'élément isolant (3), son fond (20a) et ses parois latérales (20b) étant constituées par la matière dudit élément isolant (3), lesdites parois latérales (20b) étant constituées par les faces intérieures de deux parties saillantes latérales (34) dudit élément isolant (3) et les faces arrières (35) desdites parties saillantes latérales (34) s'étendant dans le même plan que lesdites faces arrières (14) desdits jambages latéraux (11) de l'élément porteur (2).Building block according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said reservation (20) is integrally formed in the rear face of the insulating element (3), its bottom (20 a ) and its side walls ( 20b) being constituted by the material of said insulating member (3), said side walls (20b) being constituted by the inner faces of two lateral projecting portions (34) of said insulating member (3) and the rear faces (35) of said projecting portions side members (34) extending in the same plane as said rear faces (14) of said side legs (11) of the carrier member (2). Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la cavité (12) de l'élément porteur (2), délimitée par la face intérieure (16) du voile (10) et par les faces intérieures (15) des jambages latéraux (11) a une forme générale parallélépipédique.Building block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cavity (12) of the carrier element (2), delimited by the inner face (16) of the web (10) and the inner faces (15) Side jambs (11) has a generally parallelepipedic shape. Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le plan de la face de dessus (23) de l'élément isolant (3) est situé dans le plan de la face de dessus du voile (10) et des jambages latéraux (11) de l'élément porteur (2), ou est situé dans un plan légèrement en retrait, et en ce que le plan de la face de dessous (24) de l'élément isolant (3) est situé dans le plan de la face de dessous du voile (10) et des jambages latéraux (11 ) dudit élément porteur (2) ou est situé dans un plan légèrement en retrait.Building block according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plane of the top face (23) of the insulating element (3) lies in the plane of the top face of the web (10). ) and side jambs (11) of the carrier member (2), or is located in a slightly recessed plane, and in that the plane of the underside (24) of the insulating member (3) is located in the plane of the underside of the web (10) and side jambs (11) of said carrier member (2) or is located in a slightly recessed plane. Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la cavité (12) de l'élément porteur (2), délimitée par la face intérieure (16) du voile (10) et par les faces intérieures (15) des jambages latéraux (11 ), a une forme générale parallélépipédique de longueur (e), de hauteur (a) et de largeur (f), et en ce que l'élément isolant (3) a une forme générale parallélépipédique : - dont la hauteur (g) correspond à la hauteur (a) de ladite cavité (12), ou est légèrement inférieure à cette hauteur (a), - dont la longueur (h) correspond à la longueur (e) de ladite cavité (12), et - dont l'épaisseur (i) est au moins en partie inférieure à la largeur (f) de ladite cavité (12),
la face avant (21) dudit élément isolant (3) venant se plaquer contre la face arrière (16) du voile (10), et les faces de côté (25, 26) dudit élément isolant (3) venant se plaquer contre les faces intérieures (15) desdits jambages latéraux (11 ) dudit élément porteur (2). Building block according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cavity (12) of the carrier element (2), delimited by the inner face (16) of the web (10) and the inner faces (15) side jambs (11), has a generally parallelepipedal shape of length ( e ), height ( a ) and width ( f ), and in that the insulating element (3) has a generally parallelepiped shape: - whose height ( g ) corresponds to the height (a) of said cavity (12), or is slightly less than this height (a), - whose length ( h ) corresponds to the length (e) of said cavity (12), and - whose thickness ( i ) is at least partly lower than the width ( f ) of said cavity (12),
the front face (21) of said insulating element (3) coming to press against the rear face (16) of the web (10), and the side faces (25, 26) of said insulating element (3) coming to be pressed against the faces interior (15) of said side jambs (11) of said carrier member (2). Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les deux angles (18) de la cavité (12), formés par la face intérieure (16) du voile (10) et les faces intérieures (15) des jambages latéraux (11 ), comportent des pans coupés (18), les angles (27) en correspondance de l'élément isolant (3) étant tronqués pour venir épouser lesdits pans coupés (18).Building block according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two corners (18) of the cavity (12) formed by the inner face (16) of the web (10) and the inner faces (15) ) side jambs (11) have cut edges (18), the corners (27) corresponding to the insulating member (3) being truncated to fit said cut faces (18). Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément isolant (3) est solidarisé avec l'élément porteur (2) par insertion à force.Building block according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the insulating element (3) is secured to the carrier element (2) by force insertion. Bloc de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément isolant (3) est solidarisé avec l'élément porteur (2) par collage.Building block according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the insulating element (3) is secured to the carrier element (2) by gluing. Structure de mur obtenue par l'assemblage de blocs de construction (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée par deux épaisseurs desdits blocs de construction (1) montés tête-bêche, les parties saillantes latérales (13, 34) des faces arrière (7) juxtaposées de deux blocs de construction (1) alignés, de l'une desdites épaisseurs, étant intégrées dans la réservation arrière (20) d'un bloc de construction (1) de l'autre épaisseur.Wall structure obtained by the assembly of building blocks (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is made by two thicknesses of said building blocks (1) mounted head-to-tail, the lateral projections (13, 34) of rear faces (7) juxtaposed with two aligned building blocks (1) of one of said thicknesses being integrated in the rear reservation (20) of a building block (1) the other thickness. Structure de mur selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que les faces arrière (14) des parties saillantes latérales (13) des éléments porteur (2), et éventuellement les faces arrières (35) des parties saillantes latérales (34) des éléments isolants (3), des blocs de construction (1) viennent se plaquer contre le fond (20a) de la réservation arrière (20) d'un autre bloc de construction (1) en vis-à-vis.Wall structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the rear faces (14) of the lateral projections (13) of the carrier elements (2), and possibly the rear faces (35) of the lateral projections (34) of the insulating elements (3), building blocks (1) are pressed against the bottom (20a) of the rear reservation (20) of another building block (1) vis-à-vis. Structure de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce qu'elle est obtenue par l'assemblage de blocs de construction sur plusieurs niveaux horizontaux, lesdits blocs de construction (1) étant décalés latéralement entre les différents niveaux horizontaux superposés, par exemple d'un tiers de pas ou d'un demi-pas.Wall structure according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it is obtained by assembling building blocks on several horizontal levels, said building blocks (1) being offset laterally between the different horizontal levels. superimposed, for example a third of a step or a half step.
EP11305968.7A 2010-07-27 2011-07-26 Building block and wall structure obtained by assembling such building blocks Withdrawn EP2412882A3 (en)

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FR1056164A FR2963368B1 (en) 2010-07-27 2010-07-27 CONSTRUCTION BLOCK AND WALL STRUCTURE OBTAINED BY ASSEMBLING SUCH CONSTRUCTION BLOCKS

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WO2018189581A1 (en) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Aldiyar Alatiqa Est. For Trading Brick
IT201900005024A1 (en) * 2019-04-03 2020-10-03 T2D S P A PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ARMED AND / OR CONFINED MASONRY

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EP0186109A2 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-07-02 Politechnika Warszawska Building element for the construction of buildings as well as an abutment element and method of building pillars and walls with such building elements
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CN103590508A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-19 广州市住宅建设发展有限公司 Composite thermal insulating wall structure and construction method thereof
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WO2018189581A1 (en) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Aldiyar Alatiqa Est. For Trading Brick
IT201900005024A1 (en) * 2019-04-03 2020-10-03 T2D S P A PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ARMED AND / OR CONFINED MASONRY

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FR2963368B1 (en) 2017-02-17
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