EP2397605A2 - Method for creating a track for railway vehicles in a channel-shaped concrete road - Google Patents
Method for creating a track for railway vehicles in a channel-shaped concrete road Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2397605A2 EP2397605A2 EP11168565A EP11168565A EP2397605A2 EP 2397605 A2 EP2397605 A2 EP 2397605A2 EP 11168565 A EP11168565 A EP 11168565A EP 11168565 A EP11168565 A EP 11168565A EP 2397605 A2 EP2397605 A2 EP 2397605A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- track
- rails
- rail
- concrete
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
- E01B2/003—Arrangement of tracks on bridges or in tunnels
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of constructing a track for rail vehicles in or on a canal-shaped concrete route, the method offering a particularly precise, rapid and cost-effective laying of the tracks.
- the track is increasingly created in the form of a solid concrete channel, instead of a ballast box.
- Gravel cases nestle against the ground and form a stable rail bed, but they do not provide sufficiently well-defined reference points for the rails to be laid.
- the rails should run precisely like a laser beam, and the curves should run with constantly changing curve radii in the effective, narrowest curve radius and then run as required over a section with a constant radius of curvature, where the lateral inclination of the rail line is precisely specified calculated due to the planned driving speed. This is where conventional track construction methods reach their limits.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for creating a track for rail vehicles on or in a channel-shaped concrete route, the method ensures a particularly precise, rapid and cost-effective laying of the tracks.
- the method is described below, starting from a finished concrete route.
- the Betontras see points as in FIG. 1 shown a flat lane 1 and is bounded laterally by vertical walls 2, of which one, laterally adjacent to the roadway is visible here. These form on both sides of a limit for rolling on them additional horizontal, laterally projecting wheels on the machines used for the implementation of the process, which roll on the flat roadway 1 on rubber-tyred wheels.
- loose rails 3 are deposited on the track 1 on track holders and welded together at their joints 4. This situation is in FIG. 1 shown. The direction of dropping the rails 3 takes place here in the picture from right to left, as indicated by the arrow.
- FIG. 2 is this welding of the first rail joint 4 in Connection to the finished track 9 to see.
- a built on the trigger and rail welding carriage 5 automatic welder 12 is used. While the first two welding surges 4 cool down, which lasts about 15 - 20 minutes, the rail deduction and rail welding carriage 5 travels to the next rail joint in the laying direction, ie 120m further - in the FIG. 2 So to the left - and welded these rail joints in the same way. After the welding spots have cooled down, the welding joints on the rail head are ground flat, the auxiliary track created is aligned and the track holders are braced with the first rail length of 120 m. These track holders in the form of flat steels with sockets for holding the rails serve as a temporary solution and are later removed before setting in the track grate.
- FIG. 3 a ramp 13 made of height-adjustable supports 14, between the end of the finished laid track 9 to the lying on the lane 1 of the concrete track rails 3.
- a track holder 38 under the rail 3.
- threshold blocks 16 from the previous installation section, which have not been embedded in concrete.
- FIG. 4 This ramp 13 is shown as seen in a cross section through the notes 3.
- the hydraulic lifting cylinders of the supports 14 are stabilized.
- the long rail set of rail feed carriage 7 and rail car 10 can continue on the ramp 13 in the laying direction and stops in front of the last welded second rail joint. This cools down and must not be run over.
- the rubber-tyred wheels 6 moving rail deduction and rail welding car 5 deduct the next pair of rails and placed on the tunnel floor or on the lane 1. After cooling of the weld, the rail set continues and the process repeats itself, etc. If the planned rail lengths are laid in the tunnel, the rail deduction and rail welding carriage 5 moves out of the tunnel.
- the track of the rubber-tired wheels 6 is so large that the wheels 6 outside unrolled the entire laid on the road track trim.
- the removal of the rails 3, the installation of the track holder 38, welding the rails 3 and extending these cars 5, 7 and 10 must be expected for a lot of 2150m track with about 20 to 30 working hours.
- threshold blocks 16 are approximately block-shaped concrete blocks, thus forming approximately a right-angled parallelepiped, but with rounded or broken edges.
- FIG. 4 they are already visible from below to the rails 3 seen on their long side visible.
- a rubber coating 17 which is intended to act as damping, and on its upper side a double-sided tension clamp 18 is cast with intermediate steel plate 19, with which a running over the threshold block 16 rail 3 on both sides of the rail 20 with the threshold block 16 is clamped.
- FIG. 5 shows such a threshold block 16 of concrete seen from obliquely above with it braced rail 3. You can see the two clamps 18 with the associated screws 21 and the steel plate 19, on which the rail base 20 rests.
- the lower part of the threshold block is provided with a rubber coating 17 and this is secured by means of straps 46 on the sleeper block.
- These threshold blocks 16 are first deposited loosely in a row between the rails 3 deposited on the concrete track, in such a way that they rest against each other with their longitudinal sides.
- a sleeper block cart 22 for feeding the sleeper blocks 16 in a cross section.
- Three adjacent rows of threshold blocks 16 are along the carriage 22 on stored in a stack of three such layers.
- the gantry crane 23 of a separate, leading portal gantry 24 can drive on continuous rails 27.
- This gantry crane 23 has two spaced bridges 25, and a same connecting crane rail 26 which is movable in the transverse direction to the bridges 25 of the gantry crane 23.
- the gantry crane 23 itself travels outwardly along the sill block carriage 22 on the same extending track 27 and also on the forward gantry carriage 24.
- the gantries 24 of the portal gantry 24 and the sill block carriage 22 are interconnected for a continuous rail connection.
- At the bottom of the crane rail 26 there is a hydraulically adjustable cross bar 28 which extends over the crane rail length and with which a whole series of threshold blocks 16 can be collectively gripped over the entire carriage length.
- the threshold block carriage 22 is shown from the side, and in the installation direction in front of him is the gantry 24 in the form of a flat car with special opening 29 in the car floor 30 through which the threshold blocks 16 placed on the tunnel floor between the rails 3 block to block can be.
- the gantry crane 24 with its crane rail 26 is shown both in its receiving position on the threshold block carriage 22, as well as moved to the left on the portal crane wagon 24 to settle there a number of recorded threshold blocks 16.
- the rails 27 for the gantry crane 23 are designed so that the gantry crane 23 can move back and forth between the gantry wagon 24 and the plurality of sleeper-block wagons coupled behind it. The gantry crane 23 can therefore also operate from further sleep block carriages with threshold blocks 16 which follow the illustrated sill block carriage 22.
- the previously laid on the concrete route rails 3 extend over a length of 1'680 to 2'160m and are already endlessly welded and connected by means of track holders at a distance of about 5m to a motorable auxiliary track with a track of 1435mm.
- the threshold blocks 16 come supplied with the sleeper block truck 22 and the gantry wagon 24 "just in time", these wagons 22,24 can drive over the auxiliary track.
- the threshold blocks 16 are packed on the threshold block cart 22 so that they do not have to be repacked for laying and can be stored after removal of the reusable transport packaging directly from gantry 24 between the Hilfsgleise.
- This threshold block train travels into the tunnel until the end of the already finished track, at the end of which after a ramp control it drives down the ramp 13 onto the auxiliary track and stops at the end of this auxiliary track laid on the tunnel floor.
- sleeper blocks 16 are located lengthwise, that is, with three layers of three rows, a total of 540 sleeper blocks 16, which is sufficient to build 162m of track. Per entry into the tunnel, seven sleeper block carriages 22 are carried, that is, sleeper blocks 16 for 1134m of track. At the same time as the threshold set, all other necessary materials are retracted into the tunnel and distributed at the same time as the threshold blocks 16 are deposited. These are in particular all elements of the track grid support system, which are placed laterally on the concrete track.
- the threshold blocks 16 are stored in a row with longitudinal edge at the longitudinal edge between the auxiliary track, they must be mounted. For this purpose, it is necessary that the auxiliary track is raised so that the threshold blocks 16 can be placed under the rails 3.
- the machine to be performed movements of the threshold blocks 16 are in Figure 8a-g shown by seven situations. First, the picture shows up as in FIG. 8a shown. Here you can see the auxiliary track with the two rails 3 from above, with the row 31 of the intermediate stored threshold blocks 16. They are by a sleeper assembly machine, which will be shown later, taken by hydraulic gripper, raised and distanced from the rest of the series. The foremost two threshold blocks 16 have been here already from the Lane lifted off. In FIG.
- FIG. 9 takes the situation out FIG. 8f again, but seen in a view in the direction of the rails 3.
- the two threshold blocks 16 lie on the platforms 33 of the sliding crosshead 32, ready for lateral displacement under the two overlying "hanging" rails 3.
- the sliding crosshead 32 hangs over two hydraulic piston-cylinder units 34 on a sleeper assembly machine.
- FIG. 10 In the picture after FIG. 10 is shown in the same view as the two threshold blocks 16 have been moved on the platforms 33 to the outside and Thereafter, by means of the hydraulic piston-cylinder units 34 were lifted from below to the rail feet of the rails 3, ready to be clamped with the same by means of the screws 21.
- the threshold blocks 16 are mounted on the rails 3 at a distance of 600mm ( ⁇ 10mm). If reworking is necessary, the threshold blocks 16 can still be exactly aligned in the longitudinal direction by means of a manual fine alignment. The laying of the threshold blocks 16 takes place in 18m sections, in the daytime and in the late shift, each with seven wagons in 8 hours net working time, which then results in 2 x 1134m track.
- the entire track installation process can be handled semi-automatically by means of three machines. These machines are in FIG. 11 shown from above, with the installation direction from right to left runs. All three machines roll on rubber-tyred wheels 41, which have a wider track than the finished track grate, allowing them to roll laterally out of the track and on the assembled sleeper blocks. To hold the track they have laterally projecting, horizontal rubber-tired wheels 44, which can then run on the side walls 2 of the channel-shaped concrete route 45. First you can see the track lifting machine 35 on the left, in the middle of the sleeper block assembly machine 36 and right hinderst, so mounting direction of the rails, the mounting crane 37. Every few meters, the two rails 3 are each held by a track holder 38 in position.
- track holders are flat steels, on which the rails 3 are deposited by rail deduction and rail welding carriage 5, and which have sockets for receiving the rail feet and can be clamped with them by means of screws. Behind the mounting crane 37 very special track grid support systems 39 are installed. These will be shown and explained in more detail below.
- FIG. 12 shows the machine composition FIG. 11 seen from the side, with installation direction from right to left.
- the track-lifting machine 35 operates continuously, so it moves constantly slowly forward, here to the left. It is followed by the clockwise forward Moving the sleeper block assembly machine 36 with a sleeper block gripper unit 40 and the displacer 32.
- a crane with crane arm 42 At the rear of the sleeper assembly machine 36 is a crane with crane arm 42.
- the sleeper assembly machine 36 is followed by the mounting crane 37 for first fine adjustment of the rails and secondly Assembly of the track grid support system 39 with the crane arm 43.
- FIG. 13 Both the track hoist 35 and the sleeper assembly machine 36 are off FIG. 12 shown enlarged.
- the track hoist 35 which by its continuous forward driving the previously deposited on the lane 1 rails 3 with steel rollers and thereby lifts, you can see the previously also stored between the rails 3 series of threshold blocks 16.
- the rails 3 are at a height of 400 lifted to 450mm on the lane 1 and then passed in parallel position to the roadway to the sleeper block assembly machine 36. This moves forward in bars.
- the hydraulic threshold block gripper unit 40 takes two threshold blocks 16 from the stored row, singulates them, rotates them together by 90 °, then rotates them individually by 90 ° and places them on the platforms 33 on the sliding crossbar 32, how to the FIGS.
- the platforms 33 go outward and the sliding beam 32 is hydraulically lifted until the threshold blocks 16 are positively docked to the rail feet of the rails 3, after which they by means of the clamping screws 21 and clamps 18 as already to FIGS. 9 and 10 be described firmly bolted to the rails 3 and afterwards connected to the same positive and non-positive.
- a crane with crane arm 42 for the expansion of the track holder 38, which are stored on the edge, ie on the lateral bank of the concrete route 45 and later collected and transported away.
- this threshold mounting machine 36 is off FIG. 13 shown in driving and installation direction shown.
- the sill block gripper unit 40 has just raised two sleeper blocks 16 off the lane 1 and will next turn them and place them on the platforms of the traverse truss.
- the rails 3 deposited in advance on the roadway of the concrete route 45 are first raised and held 400 to 450 mm above the ground or the roadway 1 of the concrete route 45. This is done by means of the continuously moving track lifting machine 35, whereby the rails 3 with respect to the concrete route 45 cantilevered out of the back of the track lifting machine 35.
- the rails 3 are pre-adjusted by the track lifting machine 35 by passing between aligned steel rollers, and thereafter, the individual threshold blocks 16 are approached from below to the rails 3 and clamped with them form and locks.
- the rails 3 with the now hanging on them and firmly clamped with their feet sleeper blocks 16 are then taken over by a discontinuous or intermittently behind the sleeper assembly machine 36 traveling crane 37 together with the hanging them threshold blocks 16 and by forcibly setting a rail inclination inward of 1 : 37 to 1:43 finely adjusted by means of hydraulic pliers.
- the inclination is set so that at a height of 37 to 43 units, the rails are inclined inwardly by such a unit.
- the track grid is also brought into the accuracy range 0 ⁇ 3mm (lateral) and 0 ⁇ 5mm (vertical) by a Grobraumsvorgang.
- the track grid thus created and defined behind the mounting crane 37 is secured and held at defined intervals by installing a track grid support system 39 in its exact position.
- the FIG. 15 It consists of two vertically arranged threaded spindles 47, each of which bear a track support plate 48 for the lying on it next rail foot inclined at the correct inclination.
- the two track support plates 48 are connected by a spacer bar 50 with threaded connection to the track base support plates 48. By turning the spacer bar 50, the distance between the two track support plates 48 is adjusted.
- On the outside stabilizing rods 49 are hinged to the track base support plates 48 which are provided at the end with support brackets 51, which are placed on the upper edges of the side walls 2 of the concrete track 45.
- the surfaces of the track base support plates 48 of the track grid support system are - as in the FIG. 15 recognizes - slightly inclined towards each other, namely just so that the later running over rails 3 have the required inclination of 1:37 to 1:43 and this tendency is perfectly fixed.
- FIG. 16 shows a single track base support plate 48 with the inwardly connecting spacer bar 50 and the outer subsequent stabilization bar 49.
- the spacer bar 50 has a notch 54, in which a fork wrench can engage to rotate the spacer bar 50 and thus the track width of the track adjust.
- This track base support plate 48 is in the course of installation of the track grid support system from below tension-free docked to the rail foot and then clamped to the rail foot.
- On the track base support plate 48 can be seen on its inside a guide groove 52 for the inner edge of the male rail foot, and on the Outside a pivotable clamping element 53 with clamping lever 55 for its pivoting.
- the track base support plate 48 is brought from below to the rail foot, but with the clamping element 53 is rotated relative to the position shown by 90 ° in the counterclockwise direction.
- the rail foot finds space on the track base support plate 48 and is fed on her, and its inner edge can retract into the guide groove 52.
- the clamping lever 55 is pivoted by 90 ° in a clockwise direction and the clamping element 53 pivots over the outer edge of the rail foot, whereby the track base support plate 48 is positively and non-positively clamped to the rail foot.
- this not only the precisely prescribed gauge is highly accurately adjusted and fixed, but also the required rail inclination of 1:37 to 1:43.
- FIG. 17 still shows the stabilizing rod 49 between the support bracket 51 and track support plate 48 in an enlarged scale. Via a thread 57 and a lock nut 56, the length of the stabilizing rod 49 can be fine-adjusted.
- the track grid Stützsytem can be adjusted precisely to the clear width of the channel in the concrete track 45, because yes, this clear width has a certain variation.
- This track grid support system is laid with the help of the crane 37 with crane crane arm 43.
- a lifting load limit ensures that the track grid support system is only lifted to the rail feet with a perfect fit without lifting the rails.
- the individual elements of the track grid support system are previously placed laterally on the Betontrassee 45 and then mounted by hand using the mounting crane 37, at a distance of about 1.8 meters from support element to support element.
- the track foot support plates 48 are moved with the aid of the crane arm 43 from below to the rail feet of the rails 3 suspended from the sleeper block mounting machine 36 and clamped with them as described.
- the track grille including the mounted support system is taken by the mounting crane 37 by means of mechanical straightening frame and slightly raised.
- a Surveying unit transmits the current position data of the raised track grating. With the help of winches, the track can be brought in the vertical and horizontal direction in the desired position.
- the distance bar 50 is fine-tuned and the track is set to an accuracy of ⁇ 1mm and thereby the track grid is set up via track insurance points mounted on the concrete track by means of optical laser technology.
- the threaded spindles 47 are turned back and set down on the tunnel floor with absolutely no tension.
- the spindle bodies are previously greased specially, so that they can later be pulled out of the concrete again after setting in concrete.
- the screwing of the spindles 47 is accomplished by means of pneumatic screwdrivers whose maximum tightening torque is adjustable.
- the straightening frame is thereby relieved and the track grid support system 39 now takes over the weight of the track grid.
- the mounting crane 37 can then drive forward by one clock.
- For lateral stabilization stabilizing rods 49 are grown and slightly spread by hand.
- the achieved accuracy of the laid track grille is -10mm for the vertical, ⁇ 1mm for the superelevation, and the lateral accuracy of the track is ⁇ 20mm. This fixes the finished mounted track grid in perfect alignment of all the required values and is ready to be embedded in concrete.
- the channel-shaped concrete route 45 is poured with the inclusion of the threshold blocks 16 with concrete.
- the release of a completed installation area for the concrete installation (control length 200m) is carried out by feeding 15 aggregate wagons each with 25 t concrete.
- the fresh concrete is introduced by means of Betonverteilstation in the threshold compartments, distributed and compacted.
- the concrete is smoothed by hand and extends to just below the top of the threshold blocks 16, that is until just at the top of the rubber coating 17 to the same.
- this rubber coating 17 acts damping so that vibrations caused by the train above it are transmitted only minimally in the concrete rail bed.
- the concrete hoist stands in one place during the entire installation time.
- the installation lengths of 200m will take about 15 hours.
- the concrete train will drive back to the installation site and will be refilled and cleaned in approx. 7 hours.
- At least 48 hours must elapse between the installation of the slab concrete and the first load on the concrete slab.
- the concrete extends only just below the track base support plate 48 and the spacer bars 50.
- the track grid support system 39 can therefore be removed completely and easily after curing of the concrete again. For this purpose, it is gripped by a crane on the two spindles 47 and thanks to the conical and previously greased spindle body can be pulled out of the concrete.
- these track grid support systems 39 can be reused.
- the tie rods 38 as well as the entire track grid support systems 39 are reusable. The entire process can be implemented with low personnel requirements.
- a machinist is needed, for the lifting and mounting of the threshold blocks 16 to the raised rails 3, a chief mechanic, a machinist and two skilled workers are used, and for the final assembly of the support elements and the parking of the track Track maintenance systems require a machinist and three skilled workers. In total, only 9 people work on the actual track installation.
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Abstract
Description
Diese Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Gleises für Schienenfahrzeuge in oder auf einem kanalförmigen Betontrassee, wobei das Verfahren ein besonders präzises, rasches und kostengünstiges Verlegen der Geleise bietet.This invention relates to a method of constructing a track for rail vehicles in or on a canal-shaped concrete route, the method offering a particularly precise, rapid and cost-effective laying of the tracks.
Die Anforderungen an den Gleisbau sind in den letzten Jahren drastisch gestiegen, vor allem durch die immer schneller verkehrenden Eisenbahnzüge. Ein Hochgeschwindigkeitszug, welcher mit 300km/h oder mehr verkehrt, stellt besonders hohe Anforderungen an die Stabilität und die Genauigkeit des Schienenstranges, das heisst auf seine Spurweite, seine Verlaufrichtung, die Stetigkeit in den Kurven und die Schienenneigung. Die beiden parallel verlaufenden Schienen müssen nämlich leicht gegeneinander hin geneigt sein, um einen perfekten Abrollkomfort und eine höchste Fahrstabilität zu gewährleisten. Die Schienen werden herkömmlich durchwegs auf Schwellen verlegt, die je beide Schienen tragen. Hierzu gibt es verschiedene Schwellentypen. Mindestens sind die unterstützenden Schwellenkörper der beiden Schienen jeweils fest miteinander verbunden. Die Schwellen sind in ihrer Länge breiter als die Spurbreite der Schienen und entsprechend sperrig im Handling. Gerade im Gleisbau durch Tunnel erweist sich das als Nachteil. Ausserdem schränkt eine solche Gleisbaukonstruktion die Präzision bzw. Einbaugenauigkeit ein, weil die Lagen der einzelnen Schienen durch die sie verbindenden Schwellen von einander "abhängig" werden.The requirements for track construction have increased dramatically in recent years, especially due to the ever-faster railway trains. A high-speed train, which runs at 300km / h or more, places particularly high demands on the stability and accuracy of the rail track, ie on its track, its course, the continuity in the curves and the rail inclination. The two parallel rails must namely be slightly inclined towards each other to ensure perfect ride comfort and maximum driving stability. The rails are traditionally laid consistently on sleepers, each carrying both rails. There are different types of thresholds for this. At least the supporting threshold bodies of the two rails are each firmly connected to each other. The sleepers are wider in their length than the track width of the rails and accordingly bulky in handling. Especially in track construction through tunnels proves to be a disadvantage. In addition, such a track construction construction limits the precision or installation accuracy, because the positions of the individual rails through which they connecting thresholds of each other "dependent".
Für Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge wird das Trassee immer öfter in Form eines festen Betonkanals erstellt, anstelle eines Schotterkoffers. Schotterkoffer schmiegen sich dem Untergrund an und setzen sich zu einem stabilen Schienenbett, jedoch bieten sie keine hinreichend genau definierten Bezugspunkte für die zu verlegenden Schienen. Die Schienen sollten indessen präzise wie ein Laserstrahl verlaufen, und die Kurven sollten mit stetig verändernden Kurvenradien in den effektiven, engsten Kurvenradius hineinlaufen und hernach je nach Bedarf über einen Abschnitt mit konstantem Kurvenradius verlaufen, wobei auch die seitliche Neigung des Schienenstranges genau vorgegeben ist, berechnet aufgrund der geplanten Fahrgeschwindigkeit. Hier stossen herkömmliche Gleisbauverfahren an ihre Grenzen.For high-speed trains, the track is increasingly created in the form of a solid concrete channel, instead of a ballast box. Gravel cases nestle against the ground and form a stable rail bed, but they do not provide sufficiently well-defined reference points for the rails to be laid. However, the rails should run precisely like a laser beam, and the curves should run with constantly changing curve radii in the effective, narrowest curve radius and then run as required over a section with a constant radius of curvature, where the lateral inclination of the rail line is precisely specified calculated due to the planned driving speed. This is where conventional track construction methods reach their limits.
Wenn der Gleisbau in einem Tunnel, und insbesondere in einem langen Tunnel erfolgen soll, so sind zusätzliche Anforderungen zu erfüllen. Wird ein Tunnel von mehreren Kilometern Länge oder gar wie beim NEAT-Projekt (NEAT = Neue Eisenbahn-Alpentransversalen) der Schweiz als Alpentransversale über ganze 57km gebaut, und müssen in einen derart langen Tunnel die Gleise verlegt werden, so stellt das an die Logistik besondere Anforderungen. Es soll möglichst wenig Personal eingesetzt werden müssen, und die Gleise sollten innert nützlicher Frist hochpräzis verlegt werden können. Im Fall der NEAT sollen die Züge hernach mit ca. 250km/h den Tunnel durchfahren können.If the track construction is to take place in a tunnel, and in particular in a long tunnel, additional requirements must be met. If a tunnel of several kilometers in length or even as in the NEAT project (NEAT = New Railway Alpine Transversals) of Switzerland is built as an alpine transversal over an entire 57km, and if the tracks have to be laid in such a long tunnel, this places a special burden on logistics Conditions. As little staff as possible has to be deployed, and the tracks should be able to be laid with high precision within a reasonable period of time. In the case of the NEAT, the trains should be able to pass through the tunnel at about 250km / h.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht deshalb darin, ein Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Gleises für Schienenfahrzeuge auf oder in einem kanalförmigen Betontrassee anzugeben, wobei das Verfahren ein besonders präzises, rasches und kostengünstiges Verlegen der Geleise gewährleistet.The object of the present invention is to provide a method for creating a track for rail vehicles on or in a channel-shaped concrete route, the method ensures a particularly precise, rapid and cost-effective laying of the tracks.
Diese Aufgabe wird grundsätzlich von einem solchen Verfahren gelöst, bei dem an jede Schiene einzelne, lose Schwellenblöcke von unten an die frei hängend gehaltene, vorjustierte Schiene herangefahren und mit ihr form- und kraftschlüssig verspannt werden und nach Feinjustierung der Schiene mitsamt den Schwellenblöcken das Betontrassee unter Einschluss der Schwellenblöcke mit Beton ausgegossen wird.This problem is basically solved by such a method in which moved to each rail individual, loose threshold blocks from below to the freely suspended held, pre-aligned rail and with her form and be clamped non-positively and after fine adjustment of the rail together with the threshold blocks, the concrete route, including the threshold blocks is poured with concrete.
Dieses Verfahren wird anhand der Zeichnungen genauer beschrieben und die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte werden erläutert und begründet.This method will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings and the individual method steps are explained and explained.
Es zeigt:
- Figur 1:
- Das Ablegen der Schienen auf das Betontrassee;
- Figur 2:
- Das Verschweissen eines Schienenstosses nach dem Ablegen der Schienen;
- Figur 3:
- Die Rampe zwischen dem Ende des fertig verlegten Gleises zu den am dem Betontrasse liegenden Schienen;
- Figur 4:
- Die Rampe nach
in einem Querschnitt durch die Scheinen gesehen;Figur 3 - Figur 5:
- Einen Schwellenblock von unten an eine Schiene montiert, in perspektivischer Ansicht;
- Figur 6:
- Einen Schwellen block-Wagen für die Zuführung der Schwellen blöcke in einem Querschnitt dargestellt;
- Figur 7:
- Das Ablegen der Schwellen blöcke ab dem Schwellenblock-Wagen zwischen die abgelegten Schienen;
- Figur 8a-g:
- Die einzelnen Schritte der maschinellen Schwellenblock-Montage in sieben Abbildungen;
- Figur 9:
- Zwei Schwellenblöcke, bereit zum seitlich auseinander Verschieben bzw. Auseinanderfahren unter die beiden Schienen;
- Figur 10:
- Die zwei Schwellenblöcke nach dem seitlichen Auseinanderfahren und Hochheben unter die beiden Schienen;
- Figur 11:
- Den Gleiseinbau in einer Ansicht von oben mit Einbaurichtung von rechts nach links, mit den drei wesentlichen Maschinen für den verfahrensgemässen Einbau;
- Figur 12:
- Die Situation beim Gleiseinbau nach
Figur 11 von der Seite her gesehen, mit Einbaurichtung von rechts nach links, mit den drei wesentlichen Maschinen für den verfahrensgemässen Einbau; - Figur 13:
- Die Gleishebemaschine und die Schwellenblock-Montagemaschine aus
vergrössert dargestellt;Figur 12 - Figur 14:
- Die Schwellenblock-Montagemaschine aus
in Fahrt- und Einbaurichtung gesehen;Figur 13 - Figur 15:
- Das Gleisrost-Stützsystem im Betontrassee;
- Figur 16:
- Die Gleisfuss-Stützplatte des Gleisstütz-Systems vergrössert dargestellt;
- Figur 17:
- Den Stabilisierungsstab des Gleisrost-Stützsystems vergrössert dargestellt.
- FIG. 1:
- The laying of the rails on the concrete route;
- FIG. 2:
- The welding of a rail joint after the laying of the rails;
- FIG. 3:
- The ramp between the end of the finished track to the tracks lying on the concrete track;
- FIG. 4:
- The ramp after
FIG. 3 seen in a cross section through the bills; - FIG. 5:
- A threshold block mounted from below on a rail, in perspective view;
- FIG. 6:
- A threshold block carriage for the supply of the threshold blocks shown in a cross section;
- FIG. 7:
- The laying of the threshold blocks from the threshold block car between the dropped rails;
- Figure 8a-g:
- The single steps of machine threshold block assembly in seven figures;
- FIG. 9:
- Two threshold blocks, ready for laterally moving apart or moving apart under the two rails;
- FIG. 10:
- The two threshold blocks after the side apart and lift up under the two rails;
- FIG. 11:
- The track installation in a view from above with installation direction from right to left, with the three main machines for the procedural installation;
- FIG. 12:
- The situation at the track installation after
FIG. 11 seen from the side, with installation direction from right to left, with the three essential machines for the procedural installation; - FIG. 13:
- The track hoist and the sleeper block assembly machine off
FIG. 12 shown enlarged; - FIG. 14:
- The threshold block assembly machine off
FIG. 13 seen in driving and installation direction; - FIG. 15:
- The track grid support system in the concrete track;
- FIG. 16:
- The track-foot support plate of the track-support system enlarged;
- FIG. 17:
- The stabilizing bar of the track grid support system enlarged.
Das Verfahren wird hernach beschrieben, wobei von einem fertig erstellten Betontrassee ausgegangen wird. Das Betontrassee weist wie in
In
Als Nächstes wird wie in
Als Nächstes erfolgt das Bereitlegen von Schwellenblöcken 16, und zwar in sehr spezieller Weise, weil es sich nicht um herkömmlichen Schwellen handelt, sondern bloss um Schwellenblöcke 16, die für jede Schiene 3 einzelne Schwellenblöcke 16 bilden und daher völlig unabhängig von den Schwellenblöcken 16 der jeweils zweiten Schiene 3 sind. Diese Schwellenblöcke 16 sind etwa quaderförmige Betonblöcke, bilden also annähernd ein rechtwinkliges Parallelepiped, jedoch mit gerundeten oder gebrochenen Kanten. In
In
In
Die zuvor auf dem Betontrassee provisorisch verlegten Schienen 3 erstrecken sich über eine Länge von 1'680 bis 2'160m und sind bereits endlos verschweisst und mittels Spurhaltern im Abstand ca. 5m verbunden zu einem befahrbaren Hilfsgleis mit einer Spur von 1435mm. Die Schwellenblöcke 16 kommen mit den Schwellenblockwagen 22 und dem Portalkranwagen 24 "just in time" angeliefert, wobei diese Wagen 22,24 über das Hilfsgleis fahren können. Die Schwellenblöcke 16 sind auf dem Schwellen block-Wagen 22 so gepackt, dass diese zur Verlegung nicht umgepackt werden müssen und nach Entfernen der wiederverwendbaren Transportverpackung direkt von Portalkranwagen 24 zwischen das Hilfsgeleise abgelegt werden können. Dieser Schwellenblock-Zug fährt bis zum Ende des bereits fertig erstellten Gleises in den Tunnel ein, fährt ab dessen Ende nach einer Rampenkontrolle über die Rampe 13 hinab auf das Hilfsgleis und stoppt am Ende dieses auf dem Tunnelboden verlegten Hilfsgleises.The previously laid on the concrete route rails 3 extend over a length of 1'680 to 2'160m and are already endlessly welded and connected by means of track holders at a distance of about 5m to a motorable auxiliary track with a track of 1435mm. The threshold blocks 16 come supplied with the
Auf einem Schwellenblock-Wagen 22 finden der Länge nach 60 Schwellenblöcke 16 Platz, das heisst bei drei Lagen von drei Reihen insgesamt 540 Schwellenblöcke 16, was für das Erstellen von 162m Gleis ausreicht. Pro Einfahrt in den Tunnel werden sieben Schwellenblock-Wagen 22 befördert, das heisst Schwellenblöcke 16 für 1134m Gleis. Zugleich mit der Schwellengarnitur werden alle anderen nötigen Materialien in den Tunnel eingefahren und zeitgleich zum Ablegen der Schwellenblöcke 16 verteilt. Es sind dies namentlich alle Elemente des Gleisrost-Stützsystems, die seitlich auf dem Betontrassee abgelegt werden.On a
Nachdem die Schwellenblöcke 16 in einer Reihe mit Längsrand an Längsrand zwischen dem Hilfsgleis abgelegt sind, müssen sie montiert werden. Dazu ist es nötig, dass das Hilfsgleis angehoben wird, damit die Schwellenblöcke 16 unter die Schienen 3 platziert werden können. Die maschinell vorzunehmenden Bewegungen der Schwellenblöcke 16 sind in
Die
Im Bild nach
Das ganze Gleiseinbau-Verfahren kann mittels dreier Maschinen halbautomatisch abgewickelt werden. Diese Maschinen sind in
Die
In
In
Im ganzen Ablaufverfahren werden also die im Voraus auf der Fahrbahn des Betontrassees 45 abgelegten Schienen 3 zunächst angehoben und 400 bis 450mm über dem Boden bzw. der Fahrbahn 1 des Betontrassees 45 gehalten. Das geschieht mittels der kontinuierlich fahrenden Gleishebemaschine 35, wodurch die Schienen 3 in Bezug zum Betontrassee 45 neigungsfrei hinten aus der Gleishebemaschine 35 herausragen. Die Schienen 3 werden von der Gleishebemaschine 35 vorjustiert, indem sie zwischen ausgerichteten Stahlwalzen durchlaufen, und hernach werden die einzelnen Schwellenblöcke 16 wie beschrieben von unten an die Schienen 3 herangefahren und mit ihnen form- und kraftschlüssig verspannt. Hierzu werden sie von der unstetig, das heisst taktweise hinter der Gleishebemaschine 35 fahrenden Schwellenmontagemaschine 36 in der Längsrichtung neigungsfrei übernommen und von derselben mittels hydraulischer Zangen beidseits formschlüssig ergriffen und auf eine Neigung nach innen von 1:80 justiert. Die Schienenköpfe der beiden Schienen werden also leicht einander zugeneigt, mit einem Winkel von 1:80, also auf eine Höhe von 80 Einheiten eine solche Einheit nach innen geneigt. Erst dann werden die einzelnen Schwellenblöcke 16 von unten formschlüssig an die Schienen 3 herangefahren und mittels Spannklemmen 18 und Spannschrauben 21 kraftschlüssig mit ihnen verspannt.Throughout the process of procedure, therefore, the
Die Schienen 3 mit den jetzt an ihnen hängenden und fest mit ihren Füssen verspannten Schwellenblöcken 16 werden dann von einem unstetig bzw. taktweise hinter der Schwellenmontagemaschine 36 fahrenden Montagekran 37 mitsamt den an ihnen hängenden Schwellenblöcken 16 übernommen und durch zwangsweises Einstellen einer Schienenneigung nach innen von 1:37 bis 1:43 mittels hydraulischer Zangen feinjustiert. Die Neigung wird also so eingestellt, dass auf eine Höhe von 37 bis 43 Einheiten die Schienen um eine solche Einheit nach innen geneigt sind. Bei diesem Arbeitsschritt wird ausserdem der Gleisrost durch einen Grobrichtungsvorgang in den Genauigkeitsbereich 0±3mm (lateral) und 0±5mm (vertikal) gebracht. Dann wird der so erstellte und definierte Gleisrost hinter dem Montagekran 37 in definierten Abständen durch Einbau eines Gleisrost-Stützsystems 39 in dieser seiner exakten Position gesichert und gehalten.The
Die
Die
Die
Dieses Gleisrost-Stützsystem wird mit Hilfe des Montagekrans 37 mit seinem Kranarm 43 verlegt. Eine Hublastbegrenzung sorgt dafür, dass das Gleisrost-Stützsystem nur passgenau an die Schienenfüsse herangehoben wird, ohne die Schienen zu heben. Die einzelnen Elemente des Gleisrost-Stützsystem werden zuvor seitlich auf dem Betontrassee 45 abgelegt und dann von Hand mit Hilfe des Montagekrans 37 montiert, in einem Abstand von ca. 1.8 Metern von Stützelement zu Stützelement. Dabei werden wie beschrieben die Gleisfuss-Stützplatten 48 mit Hilfe des Kransarms 43 von unten an die Schienenfüsse der von der Schwellenblock-Montagemaschine 36 hängend übernommenen Schienen 3 herangefahren und mit ihnen wie beschrieben verklemmt. Der Gleisrost einschliesslich des montierten Stützsystems wird vom Montagekran 37 mittels mechanischer Richtrahmen gefasst und leicht angehoben. Eine Vermessungseinheit übermittelt die aktuellen Lagedaten des angehobenen Gleisrostes. Mit Hilfe von Winden kann das Gleis in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung in die gewünschte Position gebracht werden. Der Distanzstab 50 wird feinjustiert und die Spur auf eine Genauigkeit von ±1mm eingestellt und dabei wird der Gleisrost über am Betontrassee montierte Gleisversicherungspunkte mittels optischer Lasertechnik eingerichtet. Ist die geforderte Position erreicht, so werden die Gewindespindeln 47 nachgedreht und absolut spannungsfrei auf dem Tunnelboden abgesetzt. Die Spindelkörper werden zuvor speziell eingefettet, damit sie später, nach dem Einbetonieren, wieder aus dem Beton herausgezogen werden können. Das Einschrauben der Spindeln 47 wird mittels Druckluftschraubern bewerkstelligt, deren maximales Anzieh-Drehmoment einstellbar ist. Der Richtrahmen wird dadurch entlastet und das Gleisrost-Stützsystem 39 übernimmt nun das Gewicht des Gleisrostes. Der Montagekran 37 kann hernach um einen Takt vorwärts fahren. Zur seitlichen Stabilisierung werden die Stabilisierungsstäbe 49 angebaut und per Hand leicht eingespreizt. Die erzielte Genauigkeit des verlegten Gleisrostes liegt für die Vertikale bei -10mm, für die Überhöhung bei ±1mm, und die laterale Genauigkeit des Gleises liegt bei ±20mm. Damit ist der fertige montierte Gleisrost in perfekter Einjustierung aller geforderten Werte fixiert und bereit dazu, einbetoniert zu werden.This track grid support system is laid with the help of the
Nachdem das Gleisrostsystem montiert ist, wird das kanalförmige Betontrassee 45 unter Einschluss der Schwellenblöcke 16 mit Beton ausgegossen. Die Freigabe eines fertig gestellten Einbaubereiches für den Betoneinbau (Regellänge 200m) erfolgt durch Zufuhr von 15 Zuschlagstoffwagen mit je 25 t Beton. Der Frischbeton wird mittels Betonverteilstation in die Schwellenfächer eingebracht, verteilt und verdichtet. Der Beton wird von Hand glattgestrichen und reicht bis knapp unter die Oberseite der Schwellenblöcke 16, das heisst bis knapp an den oberen Rand der Gummibeschichtung 17 an denselben. Damit wirkt diese Gummibeschichtung 17 dämpfend, sodass vom darüber fahrenden Zug verursachte Schwingungen nur minimal in das Beton-Schienenbett übertragen werden.After the track grid system is mounted, the channel-shaped
Unmittelbar nach dem Betoneinbau und dem Glätten wird ein Nachbehandlungsmittel aufgesprüht und die frische Betonoberfläche mittels eines fahrbaren Zeltes (Länge = 140 m) abgedeckt. Der Betonzug steht während der kompletten Einbauzeit an einer Stelle. Für die Einbaulängen von 200m werden ca. 15 Stunden benötigt. Nach diesen ca.15 Stunden fährt der Betonzug zurück zum Installationsplatz und wird in ca. 7 Stunden neu gefüllt und gereinigt. Zwischen dem Einbau des Tragplattenbetons und der ersten Belastung durch den Betonzug sind mindestens 48 Stunden einzuhalten. Der Beton reicht nur bis knapp unterhalb die Gleisfuss-Stützplatte 48 und die Distanzstäbe 50. Das Gleisrost-Stützsystem 39 kann deshalb nach dem Aushärten des Betons komplett und ohne Weiteres wieder ausgebaut werden. Hierfür wird es von einem Kran an den beiden Spindeln 47 ergriffen und dank der konischen und zuvor eingefetteten Spindelkörper lassen sich dieselben aus dem Beton herausziehen. Damit können diese Gleisrost-Stützsysteme 39 wieder verwendet werden.Immediately after the concrete installation and smoothing, an aftertreatment agent is sprayed on and the fresh concrete surface covered by a mobile tent (length = 140 m). The concrete hoist stands in one place during the entire installation time. The installation lengths of 200m will take about 15 hours. After these approx. 15 hours, the concrete train will drive back to the installation site and will be refilled and cleaned in approx. 7 hours. At least 48 hours must elapse between the installation of the slab concrete and the first load on the concrete slab. The concrete extends only just below the track
Mit diesem Gleisbausystem werden typischerweise Einbauintervalle von 1680m bis 2160m Gleis erstellt, welche Einbaulänge in Zeitintervallen von ca. 19 Tagen vollständig fertiggestellt werden können. Dieses Gleisbau-Verfahren bietet folgende Vorteile gegenüber den bisher eingesetzten Verfahren:
- Einfachere Handhabung
- Schnellere Montage an der Schiene
- Geringeres Eigengewicht
- Wartungsfreundlicheres System
- Einsatz von bloss wenigen Einzelteilen
- Hohe Biegesteifigkeit des Distanzstabes 50 für perfekte Spurtreue
- Sehr hohe Gleisstabilität
- Einfache Verstellwege für Spurkorrektur
- Projektspezifisch angepasste und fixe Inklination der Gleisfuss-Stützplatten 48 (Schienenauflager)
- Schnelle Montage der seitlichen Abstützungen mittels der
Winkel 51 - Seitliche Abstützung und Höhenregulierung an der gleichen Stelle, nämlich mit jedem Element des Gleisrost-
Stützsystems 39
- Easier handling
- Faster mounting on the rail
- Lower dead weight
- More maintenance friendly system
- Use of just a few individual parts
- High bending stiffness of the
spacer bar 50 for perfect directional stability - Very high track stability
- Easy adjustment for track correction
- Project-specific adapted and fixed inclination of the track-foot support plates 48 (rail support)
- Fast installation of the lateral supports by means of the
angle 51 - Lateral support and height regulation in the same place, namely with each element of the track
grid support system 39
Die Spurstangen 38 wie auch die gesamten Gleisrost-Stützsysteme 39 sind wieder verwendbar. Das gesamte Verfahren kann mit geringem Personalbedarf umgesetzt werden. Für das Anheben der Schienen mit der Gleishebemaschine 35 wird ein Maschinist benötigt, für das Anheben und Montieren der Schwellenblöcke 16 an die angehobenen Schienen 3 werden ein Chefmechaniker, ein Maschinist sowie zwei Facharbeiter eingesetzt, und für die abschliessende Montage der Stützelemente und das Abstellen des Gleisrostes auf die Gleisrost-Stützsysteme benötigt man einen Maschinisten und drei Facharbeiter. Insgesamt arbeiten somit bloss 9 Personen am eigentlichen Gleiseinbau.The
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH9652010A CH700828B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2010-06-16 | Method for building track for railway vehicles in channel-shaped concrete road, involves approaching loose railroad tie blocks at free hanging rails at each rail and are clamped with them in force-fit and form-fit manner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2397605A2 true EP2397605A2 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
EP2397605A3 EP2397605A3 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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ID=43017099
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11168565.7A Withdrawn EP2397605A3 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-02 | Method for creating a track for railway vehicles in a channel-shaped concrete road |
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EP (1) | EP2397605A3 (en) |
CH (1) | CH700828B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103063100A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-04-24 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | Downside dumping type unloading point multifunctional verifying device |
CN112779827A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中车浦镇庞巴迪运输系统有限公司 | Method and tool for installing rubber wheel rail guide rail |
CN113903205A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-07 | 成都睿智兴华信息技术有限公司 | Training model teaching aid for temporary sleeper rail platform erection |
CN115198574A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-18 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Bearing structure of alloy steel plate track for shifting and connecting integrated ballast bed line and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109024113B (en) * | 2018-10-13 | 2024-01-23 | 中铁五局集团第六工程有限责任公司 | Subway 25m steel rail short sleeper track panel assembling bench system and assembling method |
CN112726303A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 解廷伟 | Lower bearing type track lifting tool and subway track panel track lifting construction method adopting same |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2791712B1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2001-06-22 | Vagneux Traverses Beton | METHOD OF LAYING A TRACK OF RAILWAY ON A RIGID SUPPORT WITH POSITION ADJUSTMENT, PARTICULARLY IN THE SENSE OF HEIGHT; PALONNIER AND RAILWAY CROSSING FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROCESS |
DE10010779A1 (en) * | 2000-03-04 | 2001-10-04 | Bahnbau Wels Gmbh Wels | Rail track, has support bodies for track positioning harness protruding from support plate |
-
2010
- 2010-06-16 CH CH9652010A patent/CH700828B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-06-02 EP EP11168565.7A patent/EP2397605A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103063100A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-04-24 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | Downside dumping type unloading point multifunctional verifying device |
CN103063100B (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2016-03-02 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | Side dump discharge point Multifunctional checking device of a kind of end |
CN112779827A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中车浦镇庞巴迪运输系统有限公司 | Method and tool for installing rubber wheel rail guide rail |
CN112779827B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-10-04 | 中车浦镇阿尔斯通运输系统有限公司 | Method and tool for installing rubber wheel rail guide rail |
CN113903205A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-07 | 成都睿智兴华信息技术有限公司 | Training model teaching aid for temporary sleeper rail platform erection |
CN115198574A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-18 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Bearing structure of alloy steel plate track for shifting and connecting integrated ballast bed line and application thereof |
CN115198574B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-05-09 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Bearing structure of whole ballast bed line poking alloy steel plate track and application thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2397605A3 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
CH700828B1 (en) | 2010-10-29 |
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