EP2386696A1 - Brick with insulating filler - Google Patents

Abstract

The brick (10) comprises an outer web (11), an inner web (13) and a strut section web (14), where the inner web runs parallel to the outer web. The strut section web runs at an angle to the inner web. The holes (16) are arranged in an insulation fill (15), where the holes are provided with triangular or trapezoidal cross-section.

Description

The invention relates to a brick with outer webs, inner webs and Verstrebungsstegen which define rows of holes with a plurality of high holes in the brick, the inner webs are substantially parallel to the outer webs, and wherein in the high holes an insulation filling is arranged.

In the course of the ever-increasing demands placed on the energy efficiency of buildings, the bricks used in external masonry are becoming increasingly important. Here, bricks have proven to be excellent, as they are due to the consistent development in recent years, suitable to provide the necessary thermal insulation properties reliable. An example of such a thermal insulating brick can be found in the EP 0 668 412 A1 ,

In addition to this pure perforated brick, which manages without aggregates and fillings, thermal insulation facing bricks have increasingly appeared in the market in recent years. These have a less filigree hole pattern with usually few, substantially rectangular high holes, but these are filled with an insulation filling of a foamed plastic, mineral wool, swelling stone or the like. The insulation filling compensates for the disadvantages of these filling stones with regard to the thermal insulation effect, which originate from the relatively coarse-meshed hole pattern, substantially, so that in this way a thermal insulation brick with good insulating properties can be achieved. An example of this is in the DE 20 2008 014 515 U1 described.

However, such Wärmedämmverfüllziegel have only satisfactory properties in terms of sound insulation. The thermal insulation filling can make no significant contribution to improving the brick properties in this regard.

The invention is therefore the object of developing a brick with insulation filling such that it provides good sound insulation in addition to good thermal insulation properties.

This object is achieved by a brick with the features of claim 1. This is characterized in particular by the fact that the ratio of a width of the brick in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer webs and the inner webs assumes a value of greater than 60, and that the bracing webs at an angle to the inner webs and high-triangular holes with substantially triangular define trapezoidal cross section.

In the course of the basic considerations for finding the invention it has been recognized that the design of the outer webs and the inner webs, which is hit by the sound front when passing through the outer wall, is of considerable importance for the soundproofing effect. Finally, in practical experiments, it has been shown that the less the individual webs vibrate, the better the soundproofing effect. According to the invention it has been recognized that it is advantageous for the soundproofing behavior of a wall tile to have the smallest possible number of outer webs and inner webs. These are then each thicker to produce the required lithographic strength than the known from the prior art thin webs filigree hole patterns. As a result, their tendency to vibrate, much lower than conventional bricks. They thus dampen the passage of sound particularly effective.

The inventive approach is in contradiction to the conventional development lines, which also provide a filigree hole pattern with many inner webs in Verfüllziegel. Thus, while traditionally considered the Verfüllbarkeit the individual high holes with insulating material as a measure of the maximum filigree and thus the number of maximally formable inner webs, the present invention thus takes complete departure from this view and leaves the effect of thermal insulation effect primarily the insulation filling itself , It is taken according to the invention in purchase, that the outer webs and inner webs thus a relative obtained large thickness; However, this has a limited effect on the thermal insulation effect, since these webs are present transversely to the heat flow direction.

The definition according to the invention represents the total number of outer webs and inner webs in relation to the width of the wall tile, which in the installed state is identical to the thickness of the shell wall formed therewith. In this case, the sum of the number of outer webs and the inner webs with the same width of the brick is thus the lower, the greater the actual value chosen for this ratio. By this definition, the fact is taken into account that a masonry is performed depending on the application in different thicknesses. Typical masonry thicknesses and thus widths of bricks are 300 mm, 365 mm, 425 mm or even 490 mm. In addition, however, other wall brick widths are used, to which the definition according to the invention can also be applied. By the definition according to the invention, it is possible for a person skilled in the art with simple means to design a brick with a suitable number of outer webs and inner webs.

Further, the bricks on bracing webs which extend at an angle to the inner webs and define high-holes with a substantially triangular or trapezoidal cross-section. Thus, the heat conduction through the brick can be made relatively long, whereby the thermal insulation effect reaches a particularly advantageous level. If the brick according to the invention is provided only with these extending at an angle to the inner webs Verstrebungsstegen, then only the butt joints are directly in the heat flow direction, so that the heat transfer is advantageously effectively hindered at all other areas of the brick.

In addition, such Verstrebungsstege unfold a better soundproofing than, for example, present in heat flow connection webs, since they stiffen the inner and outer webs at an angle against each other or to the butt joints statically ideal and thus deny a sound wave the straight passage, that put her a damping resistance.

The brick according to the invention thus has not only excellent thermal insulation properties but also very good sound insulation properties.

Advantageous developments of the brick according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Thus, the brick may also have butt joint webs, which together with the outer webs form the peripheral walls of the brick, the inner webs connect the butt joint webs together. Then, the brick on improved inherent stability, which is particularly advantageous during transport and processing of the brick according to the invention. In addition, it is prevented by such butt joints that individual high holes are open to the butt joints and thus here the insulation filling is present unprotected.

Furthermore, the outer webs and the inner webs may have a substantially equal web thickness. This ensures that the vibration behavior of the individual webs is substantially identical and a sound wave striking and passing through the brick wall encounters no weak point which would reduce the soundproofing effect.

Furthermore, if the brick has at least one connecting web directly present in the heat flow direction, the strength properties of the brick according to the invention can be further improved. In addition, the inner webs and outer webs are based in addition to the given effect of the Verstrebungsstege even better from each other, whereby a swinging of these webs is prevented even more reliably with incident sound wave. As a result, the soundproofing effect can thus be further improved.

It has proved to be advantageous if at least one row of holes contains only one web directly in the heat flow direction. As a result, the number of webs in the heat flow direction is limited, which is advantageous to the thermal insulation behavior of the wall brick according to the invention. A direct heat conduction from an outer land to an opposite outer land is thus possible only to a limited extent. It is particularly advantageous if at least one row of holes has no web directly in the heat flow direction, since then energy losses via heat conduction are particularly well prevented. Such a brick has a particularly good thermal insulation behavior.

It is a further advantage if the bracing webs present on both sides of an inner web are at least partially arranged in mirror image form and form at least one node at the respective inner web. Such a node forms a solid resistance to the sound conduction through the brick according to the invention. The corresponding inner web is then firmly clamped between tension and compression bands, which are formed by the Verstrebungsstege in cooperation with the butt joints. Also, this can significantly improve the vibration behavior of the outer webs and inner webs or the inclination of these webs for swinging can be significantly reduced. In particular, thus an opposite vibration behavior of adjacent outer or inner webs can be achieved. The soundproofing effect of the wall brick according to the invention can thus be improved even further.

In practical experiments it has been shown that for many applications, the ratio of the width of the brick in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer webs and the inner webs with a value greater than 70 is advantageously applicable. Then there is a particularly small number of webs, which could get into vibration by a sound wave. This further improves the soundproofing effect. In such experiments, it has also been found that a ratio of between 70 and 75 is generally particularly advantageous since, in addition to the excellent sound insulation properties described, good strength values are also achieved for the bricks according to the invention. As a result of the given value range, a minimum limit for the number of the sum of the outer webs and inner webs preferably results, so that a sufficient stiffening of the wall brick is achieved.

The insulation filling is inventively preferred from an organic insulating material such. As a foamed plastic, since such insulating material in addition to excellent thermal insulation properties has a particularly durable effectiveness or resistance to aging. As an insulating filling, for example, expandable polystyrene, polyurethane or the like can be used.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the organic insulating material consists of a water-repellent material. This can effectively prevent damage caused by any moisture entering or by the loss of condensation in the masonry. The insulation material can thus permanently maintain its properties. The brick according to the invention thus preferably has an improved standard value of the water vapor Difksionswiderstandszahl μ of 9/12, which is compared to the conventional guideline μ for a masonry brick of 5/10 advantageously represents a significantly reduced vapor diffusion ability.

Alternatively or additionally, the organic insulating material can also be flame retardant according to the building material class B1 according to DIN 4102-1. Then also the fire protection can be made particularly advantageous.

The organic insulating material may be molded into the high holes, i. filled in a special process in the high holes and solidified there, so be made on site in the high hole. This approach has the advantage that the insulating material is firmly connected to the brick body of the brick. Furthermore, it is guaranteed that the holes of the brick, which are always irregular from a technical point of view, are always completely filled. With this molding process, one is independent of the hole shape. Thus, a composite brick with insulating material is ideally designed and its technical properties are optimized.

Alternatively, it is also possible that the organic insulating material is provided in the form of preformed elements and inserted into the high holes. Then, the methods for providing the brick body and the insulating material elements can be Organizationally separate, which is advantageous in some production lines.

Alternatively, it is also possible as an insulating filling an inorganic material such. B. use mineral wool. This measure has advantages, in particular with regard to fire protection.

In addition, the outer webs and preferably also the inner webs over the height of the wall tile away from running holes. Such holes have no relevant effect on the sound insulation properties of the brick as a whole. In addition, it is also possible to provide these holes additionally with an insulation filling, so as to further improve the thermal insulation effect.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauerziegel gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauerziegel gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauerziegel gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauerziegel gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauerziegel gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauerziegel gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform, die eine Abwandlung der fünften Ausführungsform darstellt; und

Fig. 7 bis 9

Draufsichten auf weitere Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Mauerziegel mit anderen Ziegelbreiten.

The invention will be explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures of the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

a plan view of a brick according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 2

a plan view of a brick according to the invention according to a second embodiment;

Fig. 3

a plan view of a brick according to the invention according to a third embodiment;

Fig. 4

a plan view of a brick according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment;

Fig. 5

a plan view of a brick according to the invention according to a fifth embodiment;

Fig. 6

a plan view of a brick according to the invention according to a sixth embodiment, which is a modification of the fifth embodiment; and

Fig. 7 to 9

Top views of further embodiments of inventive bricks with other brick widths.

In Fig. 1 the brick 10 is shown in plan view, so that its hole pattern is visible. The brick 10 has two outer webs 11 and two butt joint webs 12, which form the peripheral walls of the brick 10. The outer webs 11 come to rest in the installed state of the brick 10 in a known manner to the inside or outside of the masonry. The butt joints 12 are in the installed state of the butt joints of an adjacent brick. For this purpose, they have the toothing, which can be seen from the illustration, by means of which a positive engagement takes place in the adjacent bricks.

The brick 10 further has in the present embodiment, three inner webs 13, which are aligned substantially parallel to the outer webs 11 and connect the butt joint webs 12 together or stiffen each other. The wall thickness of the inner webs 13 is selected to be substantially equal to the wall thickness of the outer webs 11. Thus, the brick 10 has a hole pattern with four rows of holes.

These rows of holes are subdivided by strut webs 14, which run at an angle to the inner webs 13 and the outer webs 11. Per hole row, the brick 10 has two struts 14, so that the respective rows of holes are divided into three high holes, which have an approximately triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.

In the present embodiment, the brick 10 has a length of about 247 mm, a width of about 365 mm and a height in the range of about 238 to 249 mm. The web thickness of the outer webs 11 and the inner webs 13 is about 25 mm, while the butt joints 12 with about 8 mm only have a web thickness which is about one third of the web thickness of the outer webs. The strut webs 14 have approximately the same web thickness as the strut webs 14; in the present embodiment, the Verstrebungsstege 14 have a thickness of about 7 mm.

The hole pattern of the brick 10 is chosen so that the Verstrebungsstege 14 between the outer webs 11 and an adjacent inner web 13, starting from a corner of the brick 10, d. H. from the abutting region of the outer web 11 with a butting web 12, extend obliquely to a central region of the respective inner web 13. The bracing webs 14 in the adjacent row of holes, however, extend substantially mirror-inverted to the respective inner web 13, d. H. they extend from the central region of an inner web at an angle to an end region of the central inner web 13, where they open adjacent to Stoßstoßsteg 12 in the inner web 13.

As from the hole pattern according to Fig. 1 Thus, this inner web 13 is firmly clamped by the Verstrebungsstege 14 and the Stoßfugenstege 12. In the region of the central inner web 13, the Verstrebungsstege 14 form the 14th Verstrebungsstege 14, so that this inner web 13 is firmly clamped by the Verstrebungsstege two nodes, which are present at the end of the central inner web 13, respectively. Here is thus a node, which is formed from the associated Verstrebungsstegen 14 and the respective butt joint web 12 in cooperation with the central inner web 13. As a result, a stabilization of the arrangement is achieved.

The high holes of the brick 10 are filled with an insulation filling 15 made of a foamed plastic. In the outer webs 11 and the inner webs 13 holes are further formed in the from Fig. 1 apparent way spaced apart along the longitudinal extent of the outer webs 11 and inner webs 13 and extend over the entire height of the brick 10 therethrough. In the present embodiment, these holes are open, but they could also be filled with an insulating material.

The brick 10 has excellent thermal insulation properties, since the insulation filling makes a significant contribution to this. In addition, a direct heat transfer between the inside and outside of a wall is possible only via the heat gap in the gap joints 12, which are, however, substantially thinner than the outer webs 11 are formed. In addition, a heat conduction can also take place via the strut webs 14, in which case the heat transfer path, however, is relatively long due to the zigzag course of the strut webs 14. In addition, heat buildup in the nodes of the struts 14 on the inner webs 13, which is also positive in terms of the thermal insulation effect of the brick 10. The thermal insulation effect is further improved by the holes 16 in the outer webs 11 and the inner webs 13, as a result of the relatively large material thickness in view of the thickness of these webs 11 and 13 only partially with respect to the heat conduction comes into play or in it trapped air acts insulating.

In addition, however, the brick 10 is also advantageous in terms of soundproofing effect. If a sound wave impinges on an outer web 11, it hardly vibrates in comparison with the prior art since it is designed with a comparatively large web thickness. Due to the thus existing comparatively large mass of the outer land 11 an advantageous sound insulation is already achieved. Also, the inner web 13 adjacent to the outer web 11 can hardly be set in vibration, since it is firmly clamped by the Verstrebungsstege 14 with the node formed in the central region of the inner web 13 node. The inner web 13 is here held in principle trussed like a framework, so that a swing in a lateral direction against the supporting pressure force component of the respective Verstrebungsstege 14 or restrained tensile forces of the present on the other side struts 14 would have to take place. This also allows an advantageous sound insulation. Also, the central inner web 13 is clamped like a lattice in the hole pattern of the brick 10, since the both sides of the associated Verstrebungsstege 14 act with such force components on this central inner web 13, that this is kept stretched in the rule. As a result, a swinging of the central inner web 13 and thus an undesirable sound transmission is reduced. In view of the mirror-image design of the hole pattern of the brick 10, the sound-absorbing effects continue on the other side of the central inner web 13. The brick 10 thus develops particularly good sound insulation properties. The nodes formed by the struts 14 form a solid resistance to the sound conduction through the brick 10th

In Fig. 2 an alternative embodiment in the form of a brick 20 is shown. This also has two outer webs 21, two Stoßfügenstege 22, three inner webs 23 and at an angle to the inner webs 23 extending Verstrebungsstege 24. In addition, the hole pattern of the brick 10 also contains connecting webs 27, which connect an outer web 21 with the respective adjacent inner web 23. The connecting webs 27 extend substantially parallel to the Stoßfügen webs 22 and connect each of the central region of an outer web 21 with that of an adjacent inner web 23rd

Thus, in the two outer rows of holes four high holes are formed with a substantially triangular shape, while in the two inner rows of holes in each case three high holes are given. The high holes are each filled with an insulation filling 25. In addition, the outer webs 21 and the inner webs 23 as in the first embodiment through the height of passing holes 26.

The difference of the brick 20 to that according to the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 is that in addition the connecting webs 27 are provided, which additionally have an advantageous effect on the vibration behavior of the outer webs 21 and the adjacent inner webs 23. As a result, the node is further reinforced at the respective inner web 23, so as to prevent even more effective swinging thereof. In addition, the respective outer web 21 is coupled to the comparatively rigid node on the adjacent inner web 23 so as to improve the vibration behavior and thus the soundproofing effect.

In Fig. 3 a further modified embodiment of a brick 30 is shown. This has, analogously to the previous embodiments, two outer webs 31, two butt joint webs 32, three inner webs 33 and extending at an angle to the inner webs Verstrebungsstege 34. In addition, connecting webs 37 are also arranged, which, in a manner analogous to the second embodiment, run centrally between the respective outer web 31 and the adjacent inner web 33. In addition to this, an additional connecting web 38 is now also provided in the third embodiment, which produces a firm connection between the central regions of the three inner webs 33. As a result, the respective node stabilizes at the two eccentric inner webs 33 in addition, so that their vibration behavior is again positively influenced. Furthermore, this also reduces the tendency of the central inner web 33 to vibrate, since it is now stabilized directly by the adjacent inner webs 33.

Thus, the wall brick 30 according to the third embodiment in all rows of holes four high holes with a substantially triangular shape before, each containing an insulation filling 35. In addition, the outer webs 31 and inner webs 33 of the brick 30 are provided with holes 36.

In Fig. 4 a fourth embodiment of the invention in the form of a brick 40 is shown. This has, as in the other embodiments, two outer webs 41, two butt joints 42 and three inner webs 43. In contrast to the embodiments according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 However, it contains a double number at an angle to the inner webs 43 extending Verstrebungsstegen 44. These are crossed and connect each a corner region with a central region of the outer webs 41 and inner webs 43. This further nodes are formed. Together with parallel to the butt joint webs 42 extending connecting webs 47 and 48 are in the brick wall 40 according to the fourth embodiment thus particularly stable nodes before, which largely prevent oscillation of the outer webs 41 and inner webs 43 while applying sound. Thus, the brick 40 has particularly good sound insulating properties.

The hole pattern of the brick 40 thus contains in each row of holes eight high holes with a substantially triangular shape. These are each with an insulation filling 45 filled out of a foamed plastic. In addition, the outer webs 41 and inner webs 43 also in this embodiment over the height of the brick 40 through holes 46.

All four embodiments have in common that the outer webs 11, 21, 31 and 41 and the inner webs 13, 23, 33 and 43 have a comparatively large web thickness in relation to the prior art. In other words, the relatively thin inner webs of the filigree hole patterns in the prior art in the context of the invention are summarized quasi to thicker inner webs or outer webs. As a result, the outer webs or inner webs get in vibration to a much lesser extent when sound applied as the thinner webs in the prior art. This is primarily due to the greater accumulation of material in the outer webs or inner webs of the bricks 10, 20, 30 and 40, since the tendency to sag is smaller, the thicker a web, and on the other in the skillful truss-like support to form the Nodes on the respective webs by means of the bracing webs.

The explained in the embodiments embodiment of the hole pattern of the respective brick supports the sound insulating effect also characterized by the fact that the outer webs or inner webs due to the stiffening effect of Verstrebungsstege show in part an opposite vibrational behavior, whereby sound waves within the brick are in opposite directions and thus the amplitudes Smooth the sound waves, ie these are absorbed.

As is apparent from the above explanations, the brick according to the first to fourth embodiments has a width of 365 mm, wherein the sum of the outer webs and inner webs has the value 5. This results in a ratio of 73, which is a very good compromise between excellent soundproofing and corresponding inherent strength of the brick.

In Fig. 5 a fifth embodiment of the invention is shown, which is a plan view of a brick 50. This has two outer webs 51 as well three inner webs 53 on. In contrast to the previous embodiments, however, the brick 50 does not contain any butt joint webs. Nevertheless, it has an insulation filling 55, wherein the insulation filling 55 in the thus open to the butt joint surfaces high holes freely to the outside. In the present embodiment, the Dämmfüllungen 55 are made of a foamed plastic, for this purpose, a reusable formwork was used at the butt joint surfaces in the course of production, to allow a corresponding delimitation and shaping of the insulation filling.

In this fifth exemplary embodiment, the toothing is formed directly on the inner webs 53 on the butt joint surfaces or on the opposite side of the corresponding pockets for receiving the toothing. This is also the masonry brick 50 a form-liquid engagement of adjacently arranged bricks possible and according to DIN standards.

By omitting the butt joint webs in the brick 50 thus accounts for two direct paths in the heat flow direction, so that the thermal insulation behavior designed much cheaper than in the first four embodiments. The brick 50 thus has only a single land per row of holes, which runs directly in the heat flow direction.

The required inherent rigidity of the brick 50 is provided by the crossing struts and the connecting webs in cooperation with the insulation filling 55.

For further details of the hole pattern reference is made to avoid repetition of the previous embodiments.

Fig. 6 shows one opposite Fig. 5 modified sixth embodiment of a wall tile 60. This has two outer webs 61 and three inner webs 63 and no butt joint webs. In the high holes an insulation filling 65 is also arranged. However, unlike the fifth embodiment, the brick 60 does not contain any directly in the heat flow direction present connecting webs. It is characterized by an even better thermal insulation behavior.

In the FIGS. 7 to 9 three further embodiments of bricks 70, 80 and 90 are shown. These each have outer webs 71, 81 and 91, butt joint webs 72, 82 and 92 and inner webs 73, 83 and 93.

The bricks 70, 80 and 90 differ from each other in their width and accordingly have a different number of inner webs 73, 83 and 93.

Thus, the brick 70 has a width of 300 mm and contains two inner webs 73. The sum of the outer webs 71 and the inner webs 73 is thus 4, so that a ratio of the width of the brick in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer webs and inner webs with a Value of 75 results.

The brick 80, however, has a width of 425 mm, four inner webs 83 are provided. The ratio of the width of the brick in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer webs and the inner webs is thus at this brick 80 at a value of 70.8.

The wall brick 90, however, has a width of 490 mm and has five inner webs 93. The ratio of the width of the wall tile in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer webs and inner webs is here a value of exactly 70.

As can be seen, all nine embodiments of a brick according to the invention fulfill the proviso that the ratio assumes a value greater than 60, in particular greater than 70 and preferably between 70 and 75.

Incidentally, the bricks 70, 80 and 90 are formed with respect to their hole pattern, in principle, analogous to the brick 30 according to the third embodiment, so that it is dispensed with a detailed explanation thereof.

The invention allows, in addition to the illustrated embodiments, further design approaches.

For example, it is also possible to use the cross-guided strut webs 44 of the fourth embodiment in the other embodiments. Furthermore, it is also possible, for example, to dispense with the connecting webs 27, 37 and 47 and at the same time to realize the connecting webs 38 and 48, respectively.

In the present embodiments, the bricks 10, 20, 30 and 40 each have four rows of holes. However, it is also possible to realize, for example, only three rows of holes. Accordingly, the sum of the number of outer webs plus the inner webs, for example, be four pieces. Further modifications are possible under the proviso that the ratio of the width of the brick in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer and inner webs assumes a value greater than 60.

The illustrated embodiments are also based on a conventional brick with a length of 247 mm, and to improve the thermal insulation effect, a greater length of the brick of up to 497 mm can be realized. Then the sum of the web thicknesses in heat flow direction per running meter wall is reduced, so that a lower heat transfer is achieved.

Furthermore, it is not necessary that the outer webs and the inner webs have substantially the same web thickness. In some embodiments, the outer webs could also get a slightly larger web thickness than the inner webs, or vice versa. Here, depending on the dimension of the brick or the conditions of use and the existing raw materials for the production of the brick appropriate dimensioning done.

The ratio of the web thicknesses of the butt joint webs 12, 22, 32 and 42 to the outer webs 11, 21, 31 and 41 is typically about 1: 3, but in Depending on the application, another ratio can be selected. The bracing webs 14, 24, 34 and 44 are generally dimensioned in a similar ratio to the outer webs 11, 21, 31 and 41, wherein here another wall thickness ratio of, for example, about 1: 4 can be selected.

Furthermore, it is not absolutely necessary for the bracing webs 14, 24, 34 and 44, which run at an angle to the inner webs, to be in mirror image to the respective inner web. In fact, these could also be seen aligned in the heat flow direction always aligned in the rows of holes.

The bracing webs 14, 24, 34 and 44 running at an angle to the inner webs can engage the inner webs 13, 23, 33 and 43 in the region adjacent to the butt joint webs 12, 22, 32 and 42, or also directly on the push web webs 12, 22 , 32 and 42, so as to increase the heat flow path. The starting point for the bracing bars 14, 24, 34 and 44 can also be arranged directly in the corner at the junction of the inner webs 13, 23, 33 and 43 on the Stoßfügenstegen 12, 22, 32 and 42.

As an insulation filling in addition to the explained foamed plastics and other organic or inorganic insulating material can be used, such. As mineral wool, expanded clay or the like.

The insulating material, whether organic or inorganic, can be made as such from a water-repellent material, or be conditioned accordingly by an impregnation, etc.

In addition, holes 16, 26, 36, and 46 may be omitted in some or all embodiments.

Claims (14)

Building bricks (10; 20; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90) with outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 51; 61; 71; 81; 91), inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; 93) and strut webs (14; 24; 34; 44), which rows of holes having a plurality of high holes in the brick (10; 20; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90), wherein the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; 93) are substantially parallel to the outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 51; 61; 71; 81; 91) ), and wherein in the high holes an insulation filling (15; 25; 35; 45; 55; 65) is arranged,
characterized,
that the ratio of a width of the hollow bricks (10; 20; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90) in millimeters to the sum of the number of the outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 51; 61; 71; 81; 91) and the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; 93) assumes a value greater than 60, and
in that the bracing webs (14; 24; 34; 44) are at an angle to the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; 93) and define high-pitched holes with a substantially triangular or trapezoidal cross-section. Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises butt joint webs (12; 22; 32; 42; 72; 82; 92) which together with the outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 61; 71; 81; 91 forming the peripheral walls of the brick, the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 63; 73; 83; 93) interconnecting the butt joint webs (12; 22; 32; 42; 72; 82; 92). Brick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 51; 61; 71; 81; 91) and the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83, 93) have a substantially equal web thickness. Brick according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises at least one directly extending in the heat flow direction of the connecting web (27, 37, 38, 47, 48). Brick according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one row of holes has only one web, preferably no web, directly in the heat flow direction. Brick according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bracing webs (14; 24; 34; 44) present on both sides of an inner web (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; some mirror images are arranged and form at least one node on the respective inner web. Brick according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the width of the brick in millimeters to the sum of the number of outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 51; 61; 71; 81; 91) and the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; 93) assumes a value greater than 70, and preferably between 70 and 75. Brick according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating filling (15; 25; 35; 45; 55; 65) consists of an organic insulating material such as a foamed plastic. Brick according to claim 8, characterized in that the organic insulating material consists of a water-repellent material and the brick so that preferably has a guideline of the water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient μ of 9/12. Brick according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the organic insulating material is flame retardant. Brick according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the organic insulating material is molded into the high holes. Brick according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the organic insulating material is provided in the form of preformed elements and inserted into the high holes. Brick according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulation filling (15; 25; 35; 45; 55; 65) consists of an inorganic insulating material such as a mineral wool. Brick according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the outer webs (11; 21; 31; 41; 51; 61; 71; 81; 91) and preferably also the inner webs (13; 23; 33; 43; 53; 63; 73; 83; 93) have holes (16; 26; 36; 46) extending across the height of the brick.

Images