EP2369076B1 - Lightweight dwelling module and modular building - Google Patents

Lightweight dwelling module and modular building Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2369076B1
EP2369076B1 EP11159613.6A EP11159613A EP2369076B1 EP 2369076 B1 EP2369076 B1 EP 2369076B1 EP 11159613 A EP11159613 A EP 11159613A EP 2369076 B1 EP2369076 B1 EP 2369076B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing module
lightweight housing
canvas
frame
lightweight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP11159613.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2369076A1 (en
Inventor
Catherine Dalo
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2369076A1 publication Critical patent/EP2369076A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/18—Tents having plural sectional covers, e.g. pavilions, vaulted tents, marquees, circus tents; Plural tents, e.g. modular
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/14—Suspended roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S135/00—Tent, canopy, umbrella, or cane
    • Y10S135/908—Super tent or canopy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lightweight housing module and a modular building consisting of a plurality of lightweight housing modules, and their respective mounting method.
  • Lightweight housing modules already known comprising a stretched fabric intended to form the roof of said module and conventionally fixed along its lower peripheral edge on a rigid frame kept at a distance from the ground by a plurality of lateral posts themselves fixed on floor. Said fabric can then be tensioned by fixing its central portion at the upper end of a central mast and then pulling on the lower edge of said fabric by appropriate means.
  • the fabric may also be tensioned by at least one arch divided into two half-arches whose lower ends each bear on the rigid frame, and whose upper ends are connected to one another by a device allowing spacing said upper ends from each other to obtain, on the one hand, the upward deformation by buckling of said arch and, on the other hand, the tension of the fabric.
  • modules are in principle prefabricated and therefore of significant size and weight. Consequently, they require, on the one hand, a semi-trailer truck for their road transport and, on the other hand, high capacity lifting gear for their loading and unloading. Said modules are therefore not suitable for installations on sites that are difficult to access.
  • the purpose of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a lightweight housing module and a modular building consisting of a plurality of light housing modules, each having high thermal insulation characteristics and being particularly simple to implement without having to resort to any high capacity lifting gear.
  • a light housing module comprising at least one stretched canvas intended to form the roof of said lightweight housing module and intended to be fixed along its lower peripheral edge on a rigid frame maintained at a distance from the ground by a plurality of lateral posts themselves intended to be fixed on the ground, said lightweight housing unit comprising vertical panels comprising an insulating material and / or openings for sealing the facades substantially vertical lines located along the perimeter of said frame and a false ceiling arranged to be disposed under said fabric inside said lightweight housing module and fixed by its peripheral edge to the frame so as to create a "thermal and acoustic mattress" by imprisoning the air contained between the fabric and said false ceiling, said light housing module (1) being remarkable in that it comprises a system e tension of said web disposed entirely within said lightweight housing module and adapted to move the canvas upward by an action at its central inner portion, so as to tension and support its weight.
  • the present invention also relates to a modular building remarkable in that it comprises a plurality of lightweight housing modules, according to the invention, arranged next to each other, and a sealing device provided between the faces facing each other. with respect to the frames of two adjacent light housing modules, said sealing device sealing the assembly of said modular building.
  • Light housing modules according to the invention are arranged in such a way that they make it possible to obtain a modular building of various shapes and sizes.
  • the light housing module 1 comprises a stretched fabric 2 intended to form the roof of said lightweight housing module 1 and fixed along its lower peripheral edge on a rigid frame 3 held at a distance from the ground by a plurality of 4 side posts themselves fixed on the ground.
  • the lightweight residential module 1 also comprises vertical panels and / or openings 6 for substantially sealing the vertical facades located along the perimeter of the frame 3, said openings 6 being preferably standard elements of the frame. type trade door, French window, single or double window or sliding windows, the panels 5 being made with commercial materials such as metal sheets, raw or reconstituted wood and / or insulation materials such as mineral wool for example.
  • the lightweight residential module 1 comprises a false ceiling 7 disposed under the fabric 2 inside said lightweight residential module 1 and fixed by its peripheral edge along the frame 3.
  • the lightweight housing module 1 comprises a tension system (see figure 4 ) having a frame 8 formed by at least one arch divided into two half-hoops 81 whose lower ends each bear on the frame 3, and whose upper ends 82 are connected to each other by a device gauge 83 as described in the European patent application EP 2 130 994 filed in the name of the plaintiff.
  • the spacing between the upper ends 82 causes an upward movement of the middle part of the hoop and therefore a tension of the fabric 2 since its lower edge is fixed on the frame 3.
  • This spacing device 83 (see figure 5 ) comprises sliding-type connection means of a tube 84 inside at least one of the upper ends 82 of the half-arches 81, and means of separation of said upper ends 82 comprising organs take 85 respectively secured to one and the other of the upper ends 82 and a threaded member 86 cooperating with said gripping members 85 for the approximation and / or vice versa the distance of said ends 82 from one another.
  • the threaded member 86 consists of a threaded rod provided in its central zone with an actuating member 87 in rotation and, at its ends, threads in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • the gripping members 85 are secured to the outside of said upper ends 82 and have internal threads cooperating respectively with the corresponding threads of the threaded rod.
  • the frame 3 preferably comprises longitudinal members 31 and attached to each other by means not shown in the drawing, each of the longitudinal members 31 consisting of a profiled element of light alloy, of substantially rectangular straight section or hollow hollow.
  • the frame 3 comprises fastening means (not shown) capable of receiving the posts 4 and structural reinforcements such as, for example, struts 9, and comprises fastening means (not shown) for their respective attachment to said frame 3.
  • the frame 3 comprises a fixing device 32 adapted to ensure the attachment of the lower peripheral edge of the fabric 2 on said frame 3.
  • the fixing device 32 is advantageously similar to that described in the European patent EP 0 277 073 issued in the name of the plaintiff.
  • the fixing device 32 (see figure 7 ) is such that each of the longitudinal members 31 of the frame 3 has a groove 33 opening through an inlet slot of width less than that of the bottom of the groove 33 and that a locking ring 34 can be engaged transversely in the groove 33, through its entry slit, and be immobilized therein to retain the lower peripheral edge of the fabric 2 having a bead 21.
  • the fastening device 32 is remarkable in that in the locking position the locking rod 34 is in a vertical position, at right angles to its insertion position by an inlet slot, and is wedged inside the groove 33, so that a tensile force exerted to the outside, on the fabric 2, does not allow the bead 21 to escape from the groove 33.
  • the light housing module 1 comprises at least in part along the periphery of the frame 3 a plurality of gutter elements 10 (see FIG. figure 9 ), secured to said frame 3, for collecting rainwater dripping on the fabric 2, said gutter elements 10 forming an integral part of the frame 3.
  • the frame 3 preferably comprises, in accordance with the French patent FR 2,684,712 issued in the name of the applicant, a longitudinal groove 35 (see figure 9 ) C-shaped overall opening to the outside, the upper portion has an outgrowth 36 directed downwards, while the lower portion has an outgrowth 37, of substantially larger dimensions, directed upwards, these excrescences 36, 37 delimiting the opening of the groove 35.
  • This groove 35 is intended to receive, by snapping, the gutter element 10, whose cross section is generally U-shaped and whose inner wall 101 on the side of the frame 3 is divided in the upper part into two branches, namely an outer branch 102, located in the extension of the inner side wall 101 and an inner branch 103, having a cross section of substantially circular shape, whose concavity is turned towards the outside of the gutter element 10, and whose end is located above that of the outer branch 102.
  • the ends of the two outer and inner branches 102, 103 are t bent respectively downwardly and upwardly, so that in the recesses of respective bends thus formed can be housed the respective growths 36, 37.
  • the two outer branches and internal 102, 103 are elastically deformable under the effect of a bias, so as to allow the snapping of the gutter element 10 in the groove 35 of the spar 31.
  • the longitudinal members 31, in particular those of great length comprise a prestressing means 38 (see FIG. figure 6 ) to put each spar 31 in tension, said tension is opposite to that which will be exerted by the fabric 2 when the latter will be tensioned.
  • this prestressing means 38 is positioned in the vicinity of the middle of each spar 31 and preferably comprises a cable 381 whose length is substantially longer than that of said spar 31 and whose ends are fixed respectively close to the ends of said spar.
  • the constraining member 382 is inclined so as to be substantially parallel to the stretched fabric 2 and comprises a tube 383 integral with the spar 31 and having at its free end a tapping (not shown), a threaded rod 384 adapted to move in the tube 383 cooperating with said tapping, a receiving member 385 generally U-shaped, fixed to the free end of said threaded rod 384 and adapted to receive the cable 381, and a locking member 386, advantageously a nut, for immobilizing the threaded rod 384 with respect to the tube 383.
  • the light residential module 1 comprises at least partly along the periphery of the frame 3, vertical panels 5 to close the vertical facades situated under said frame 3.
  • each of these panels 5 comprise a plate 51 advantageously composed of two panels sandwiching at least one insulating blanket 52 of insulating material such as mineral wool or polystyrene for example, a facing plate 53 disposed on said plate 51 on the outside of the module 1.
  • Each panel 5 is closed vertically by two boards 54 arranged between the sides of the plate 51 along each of its vertical edges and provided with at least one female groove 541 opening out of said plate 51 and adapted to cooperate with a batten (not shown) to allow vertical assembly and sealing between two adjacent panels 5.
  • the sections of the plate 51, the boards 54 and the slats will preferably be made from raw or reconstituted wood.
  • the seal between an assembly, comprising either a panel 5 or several adjacent panels 5 assembled together, and the frame and posts 3, 4 of the light module 1 is realized (see figure 12 ) with the aid of first U-shaped vertical sealing profiles 55 placed on each side of said assembly and a second generally U-shaped horizontal sealing profile 56 disposed at the top of said assembly, the first and second profiles 55 , 56 ensuring watertightness by preventing, in particular, the infiltration of rainwater.
  • the second profile 56 is integral with the frame 3 of the light housing module 1 and is wider than the panel 5 and has its inclined outer wing 561 relative to the vertical outward of the light housing module 1 in order to act as a rain screen and to prevent rain water from being introduced between said second profile 56 and the top of the panel 5.
  • the first and second profiles 55, 56 are preferably metallic and fixed in the plate assembly 51 and facing plate 53 by screws not shown.
  • the facing plate 53 may be fixed directly on the plate 51 or with an offset thanks to the spacer sections 57 having a cross section in the overall shape of omega capital, so as to leave an air space between the facing plate 53 and the plate 51 to increase the insulation of the panel 5.
  • the panels 5 are arranged under the frame 3 resting on a rail 11 (see figure 12 ) preferably an extruded profile of light alloy fixed to the ground, whose cross section is in the overall shape of L, said rail 11 ensuring the seal between the panels 5 and the ground while avoiding that the panels 5 do not rest directly on the soil to prevent degradation.
  • the rail 11 makes it possible to guarantee the horizontality and the continuity of the laying plane of the panels 5.
  • the light housing module 1 will also rest on a masonry belt 12 guaranteeing a continuous, clean and substantially horizontal installation plan.
  • the sashes 6, which are standard products of the building sector, are inserted and fixed between the panels 5 by conventional techniques employed in said sector.
  • said module 1 comprises sections 13, whose cross section is in the overall shape of L, around the openings 6 and along the rails 11.
  • said module 1 also includes corner profiles 14 facing able to cooperate with the panels 5 arranged on either side of a corner post 4 and to hide said post 4 by surrounding it.
  • the light residential module 1 also includes a false ceiling 7 (see figure 10 ).
  • the false ceiling 7 is, with reference to the figure 10 , a fabric 71 stretched inside the lightweight housing module 1 under the fabric 2 forming the roof of said light housing unit 1 and fixed by its peripheral edge along the frame 3.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the fabric 71 of the false ceiling 7 has a bead (not shown) arranged to be retained in a fastening device (not shown) of the fabric 71 in the frame 3 of the lightweight housing module 1.
  • Said fixing device is advantageously similar to that described in the European patent EP 0 277 073 issued in the name of the plaintiff.
  • said fabric 71 advantageously comprises a compensation zone capable of absorb said defects through a lace 72 preferably elastic (see the detail of the figure 10 ).
  • Said compensation zone is a peripheral cut in the fabric 71 of the false ceiling 7 separating the latter in a first central zone and a second end zone comprising the bead.
  • the lace 72 then connects in an adjustable manner the first and second zones (not shown).
  • the false ceiling 7 comprises connecting means 73 to maintain in tension position the fabric 71 relative to the frame 8 of the lightweight housing module 1.
  • the fabric 71 also has in its central part an orifice 74 provided with a rod 75, that is to say a bead.
  • This ring 75 is formed by a ring taken in a fold of said fabric 71, said ring being for example made of rope, natural or synthetic.
  • the connecting means 73 comprise a hoop 76, that is to say an annular portion, intended to receive on its outer surface the rod 75 of the cloth 71.
  • This hoop 76 is provided at its base with a stop 77 s extending radially outwardly, for example fixed to the hoop 76 by welding, and a locking ring 78 which, in the position where the false ceiling 7 is mounted (as shown in FIG. figure 10 ), is interposed between the rod 75 and the stop 77, thus ensuring the locking of the rod 75.
  • the false ceiling 7 further comprises connecting members 79 connecting means 73, and in particular the hoop 76, at each of the upper ends of the half-hoops 81 of the frame 8 of the lightweight housing module 1.
  • These bodies junction 79 ensure the suspended position of the canvas 71 of the false ceiling 7.
  • said connecting members 79 are advantageously of the cable-pulley type, so that pulling on a cable is brought closer together (ring 76-ring 75-locking ring 78) of the upper ends 82 of the half-arches 81 to lift and stretch the fabric 71.
  • the false ceiling 7 is inverted double curvature, that is to say it has a general shape of Chinese hat in other words a conical surface of revolution whose generator is not a straight but a curve.
  • the false ceiling 7 has the effect, on the one hand, to reduce the volume to be heated by reducing the height under ceiling and, on the other hand, to create a "thermal mattress” by trapping the air contained in all the part of the lightweight housing module 1 located above the frame 3 between the webs 2 and 71.
  • the false ceiling 7 may comprise at least one insulating mat (not shown) disposed by the orifice 74 (see FIG. figure 10 ) above the fabric 71 and made of insulating materials such as mineral wool or polystyrene for example in the form of plates or rolls to unroll. These insulating materials are introduced through the orifice 74 after energizing the fabric 71 and then deposited on said fabric 71.
  • the orifice 74 also makes it possible to verify from inside the state of the fabric 2 forming the roof of the light residential module 1, but also the state of the framework 8 of the tension system of said fabric 2
  • the orifice 74 will advantageously be closed by a lid (not shown).
  • the skilled person will have no difficulty in sizing the various components of the lightweight housing module 1 according to the invention according to the overall dimensions of said lightweight housing module 1 and site conditions where will be installed this latest. Similarly, to ensure the stability of the lightweight housing module 1, the skilled person will have no difficulty in determining the necessary reinforcing elements such as, for example, additional side posts, braces, braces, diagonals connecting two opposite angles of the frame 3 or bars now in place the frame 8.
  • the light residential module 1 comprises a tensioning system comprising a framework 8 formed by at least one arch divided into two half-arches 81 whose lower ends each bear on the frame 3, the light housing module 1 further comprises a voltage diagonal 88 connecting two opposite angles of the frame 3 and disposed in the vertical plane containing the two half-arches 81.
  • This diagonal tension 88 can maintain the mechanical balance of the assembly after the tensioning of the fabric 2.
  • the voltage diagonal 88 is advantageously a cable or a bar.
  • the establishment of the posts 4 can be carried out before setting up the tensioning system of the fabric 2 and the step of setting up the vertical facades can precede the step of fixing the peripheral edge of the fabric 71 forming the false ceiling 7.
  • the step of assembling the frame 3 of the light housing module 1 according to the invention may be preceded by a step of producing a masonry belt 12 forming a continuous laying plane of said light housing module 1.
  • the step of placing the vertical facades can advantageously be followed by a step of setting up a plurality of gutter elements 10 and a step of checking the finishes and the tightness of the light housing module 1 with, if necessary, a fire hose test, for example.
  • the assembly step of the frame 3 of the light housing module 1 according to the invention as well as those of placing and under tension of the fabric 2 will preferably, for obvious reasons of ease, carried out on the ground or man's height on trestles, for example.
  • the implementation stage 4 posts position is progressively raised by lifting one side and then another to gradually install the posts 4 one after the other.
  • the invention also relates to a modular building 150 consisting of a plurality of light housing modules 1, of different dimensions or not, arranged next to each other.
  • each of the light residential modules 1 constituting said building 150 it is necessary to assemble, as previously described, each of the light residential modules 1 constituting said building 150 until the establishment of the vertical facades comprising in particular side panels and / or openings 6.
  • the modular building 150 is not a simple juxtaposition of light residential modules 1 closed but that a person living in said building must be able to come and go from a light housing module 1 to the other.
  • the vertical faces of a light housing module 1 located in front of a light housing module 1 adjacent must be at least partly open, which requires sealing between the various lightweight modules of houses 1 constants said modular building 150.
  • the modular building 150 comprises a sealing device 151 between the faces vis-à-vis the frames 3 of two adjacent lightweight housing modules 1.
  • the sealing device 151 comprises a first sealing member 152 disposed in a groove 153 longitudinally made in the frame 3 of each of the lightweight housing modules 1, a second sealing member 154 disposed above the first sealing member 152 between the frames 3 of two adjacent lightweight housing modules 1, and a plurality of clamping members 155 for clamping the two frames 3 against each other and compressing the first and second sealing members 152, 154 to seal between two lightweight modules 1 adjacent dwelling.
  • the first and second sealing members 152, 154 are preferably closed-cell EPDM seals for example and respectively of the lip seal and flat seal type.
  • the clamping members 155 advantageously comprise a threaded rod 156 traversing simultaneously the two frames 3 and having at each of their ends a nut 157 for clamping said two frames 3 against each other.
  • the modular building 150 has gutter elements (not shown) attached, as previously described for the gutter elements 10 of a light housing module 1, along the perimeter of said modular building 150.
  • the assembly step of the various light housing modules 1 constituting the modular building 150 may be preceded by a step of realization of a masonry belt 12 forming a continuous laying plan of said modular building 150.
  • the light housing module 1 may include a tension system of the fabric 2 for forming the roof of said lightweight housing module 1 comprising a central mast.
  • the central mast of the light housing module 1 may be of the type described in the French patent application FR 07/01275 filed in the name of the plaintiff.
  • Said central mast which carries, at its upper end, the central part of the fabric 2 fixed along its lower edge to the frame 3, is articulated to facilitate its setting in vertical and extensible position to stretch said fabric 2 by pushing the part center of the canvas 2 up.
  • the false ceiling comprises either removable slabs suspended from a grid of profiles advantageously light alloy, or a flexible sheet, generally opaque, deformed by tension so that its edges, provided with hooking means , can be fixed to hitching rails fixed on the face of the frame 3 of the light housing module 1.
  • the panels 5 are of the type self-supporting sandwich panels, prefabricated in the factory, designed to interlock with each other so as to ensure a solid and sealed connection between them.
  • These panels 5 may be for example of the type proposed by TRIMO (registered trademark).
  • the light housing module 1 according to the invention and the modular building 150 consisting of a plurality of lightweight residential modules 1 can advantageously be installed on any type of site regardless of climatic conditions and access.
  • the lightweight housing module 1 and the modular building 150 according to the invention allow a simple and fast construction, while ensuring both acoustic insulation and thermal performance and therefore a reduced operating cost .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne un module léger d'habitation et un bâtiment modulaire constitué d'une pluralité de modules légers d'habitation, ainsi que leur procédé de montage respectif.The present invention relates to a lightweight housing module and a modular building consisting of a plurality of lightweight housing modules, and their respective mounting method.

Technique antérieurePrior art

On connait déjà des modules légers d'habitation comportant une toile tendue destinée à former le toit dudit module et fixée classiquement le long de son bord périphérique inférieur sur un cadre rigide maintenu à distance du sol par une pluralité de poteaux latéraux eux-mêmes fixés sur le sol. Ladite toile peut alors être mise sous tension en fixant sa partie centrale à l'extrémité supérieure d'un mât central puis en tirant sur le bord inférieur de ladite toile par des moyens appropriés. La toile peut également être mise sous tension par au moins un arceau subdivisé en deux demi-arceaux dont les extrémités inférieures prennent chacune appui sur le cadre rigide, et dont les extrémités supérieures sont reliées l'une à l'autre par un dispositif permettant l'écartement desdites extrémités supérieures l'une de l'autre pour obtenir, d'une part, la déformation vers le haut par flambage dudit arceau et, d'autre part, la tension de la toile. Les faces verticales issues de la périphérie du cadre rigide sont alors fermées par des plaques ou des toiles opaques, transparentes ou encore translucides afin d'obtenir un module léger d'habitation. Ces modules sont faciles à mettre en oeuvre car ils ne nécessitent pas d'outillages ou d'engins compliqués ni de personnels hautement qualifiés. Toutefois, ce type de modules n'est pas économique car ils ont un coût de fonctionnement élevé notamment en chauffage. En effet, ces modules légers ont une grande perméabilité thermique.Lightweight housing modules already known comprising a stretched fabric intended to form the roof of said module and conventionally fixed along its lower peripheral edge on a rigid frame kept at a distance from the ground by a plurality of lateral posts themselves fixed on floor. Said fabric can then be tensioned by fixing its central portion at the upper end of a central mast and then pulling on the lower edge of said fabric by appropriate means. The fabric may also be tensioned by at least one arch divided into two half-arches whose lower ends each bear on the rigid frame, and whose upper ends are connected to one another by a device allowing spacing said upper ends from each other to obtain, on the one hand, the upward deformation by buckling of said arch and, on the other hand, the tension of the fabric. The vertical faces coming from the periphery of the rigid frame are then closed by plates or opaque, transparent or translucent canvases in order to obtain a light housing module. These modules are easy to implement because they do not require tools or complicated machinery or highly qualified personnel. However, this type of modules is not economical because they have a high operating cost, especially in heating. Indeed, these lightweight modules have a high thermal permeability.

Pour pallier ces inconvénients, on connait un module léger d'habitation tel que celui décrit dans la demande de brevet français FR 2 770 864 . Toutefois, ce type de module est particulièrement complexe à mettre en oeuvre rendant ses transport et installation problématiques sur des sites difficiles d'accès.To overcome these disadvantages, we know a light housing module such as that described in the French patent application FR 2,770,864 . However, this type of module is particularly complex to implement making its transport and installation problematic on difficult to access sites.

Dans le domaine des modules d'habitation, on connaît déjà de nombreuses constructions préfabriquées telles que par exemple les modules Algeco (Marque déposée) réalisés la plupart du temps à partir d'une structure métallique. Ces constructions modulaires, au gabarit routier sont installées seules ou assemblées, de manière temporaire ou définitive et sont couramment utilisées comme cantonnement, bureaux, ou locaux techniques.In the field of housing modules, many prefabricated constructions are already known, such as, for example, Algeco modules (registered trademark) made most of the time from a metal structure. These modular buildings, the road gauge are installed alone or assembled, temporarily or permanently and are commonly used as quartering, offices, or technical premises.

Toutefois, la standardisation de ces modules d'habitation limite considérablement la fantaisie de la création et, de ce fait, n'est pas employée pour les constructions qui se veulent, sinon originales, du moins uniques.However, the standardization of these housing modules significantly limits the fantasy of creation and, therefore, is not used for constructions that are intended, if not original, at least unique.

En outre, ces modules sont par principe préfabriqués et donc de dimensions et de poids importants. Par conséquent, ils nécessitent, d'une part, un camion semi-remorque pour leur transport routier et, d'autre part, des engins de levage de forte capacité pour leur chargement et déchargement. Lesdits modules ne sont donc pas adaptés à des installations sur des sites difficiles d'accès.In addition, these modules are in principle prefabricated and therefore of significant size and weight. Consequently, they require, on the one hand, a semi-trailer truck for their road transport and, on the other hand, high capacity lifting gear for their loading and unloading. Said modules are therefore not suitable for installations on sites that are difficult to access.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

Le but de la présente invention est donc de pallier les inconvénients précédemment cités et de proposer un module léger d'habitation et un bâtiment modulaire constitué d'une pluralité de modules légers d'habitation, chacun possédant des caractéristiques d'isolation thermique élevées et étant particulièrement simple à mettre en oeuvre sans avoir à faire appel à un quelconque engin de levage de forte capacité.The purpose of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a lightweight housing module and a modular building consisting of a plurality of light housing modules, each having high thermal insulation characteristics and being particularly simple to implement without having to resort to any high capacity lifting gear.

Conformément à l'invention, il est donc proposé un module léger d'habitation comportant au moins une toile tendue destinée à former le toit dudit module léger d'habitation et destinée à être fixée le long de son bord périphérique inférieur sur un cadre rigide maintenu à distance du sol par une pluralité de poteaux latéraux eux-mêmes destinés à être fixés sur le sol, ledit module léger d'habitation comprenant des panneaux verticaux comportant un matériau d'isolation et/ou des ouvrants pour fermer de façon sensiblement étanche les façades verticales situées le long du périmètre dudit cadre et un faux plafond agencé pour être disposé sous ladite toile à l'intérieur dudit module léger d'habitation et fixé par son bord périphérique au cadre de sorte à créer un « matelas thermique et acoustique » en emprisonnant l'air contenu entre la toile et ledit faux plafond, ledit module léger d'habitation (1) étant remarquable en ce qu'il comporte un système de tension de ladite toile disposé entièrement à l'intérieur dudit module léger d'habitation et apte à déplacer la toile vers le haut par une action au niveau de sa portion interne centrale, de manière à la tendre et à supporter son poids.According to the invention, it is therefore proposed a light housing module comprising at least one stretched canvas intended to form the roof of said lightweight housing module and intended to be fixed along its lower peripheral edge on a rigid frame maintained at a distance from the ground by a plurality of lateral posts themselves intended to be fixed on the ground, said lightweight housing unit comprising vertical panels comprising an insulating material and / or openings for sealing the facades substantially vertical lines located along the perimeter of said frame and a false ceiling arranged to be disposed under said fabric inside said lightweight housing module and fixed by its peripheral edge to the frame so as to create a "thermal and acoustic mattress" by imprisoning the air contained between the fabric and said false ceiling, said light housing module (1) being remarkable in that it comprises a system e tension of said web disposed entirely within said lightweight housing module and adapted to move the canvas upward by an action at its central inner portion, so as to tension and support its weight.

La présente invention concerne aussi un bâtiment modulaire remarquable en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de modules légers d'habitation, selon l'invention, disposés les uns à côté des autres, et un dispositif d'étanchéité prévu entre les faces en vis-à-vis des cadres de deux modules légers d'habitation adjacents, ledit dispositif d'étanchéité assurant l'étanchéité de l'ensemble dudit bâtiment modulaire.The present invention also relates to a modular building remarkable in that it comprises a plurality of lightweight housing modules, according to the invention, arranged next to each other, and a sealing device provided between the faces facing each other. with respect to the frames of two adjacent light housing modules, said sealing device sealing the assembly of said modular building.

Les modules légers d'habitation selon l'invention sont agencés de telle sorte qu'ils permettent d'obtenir un bâtiment modulaire de formes et de dimensions variées.Light housing modules according to the invention are arranged in such a way that they make it possible to obtain a modular building of various shapes and sizes.

Description sommaire des figuresBrief description of the figures

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre d'une variante d'exécution d'un module léger d'habitation et d'un bâtiment modulaire selon l'invention en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective partielle d'un module léger d'habitation sans ses parois verticales ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du cadre rigide d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention en cours de montage au sol ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective du cadre rigide d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention muni d'une variante d'un dispositif de tension de toile en cours de montage ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de détail en perspective du cadre rigide d'une variante du dispositif de tension de toile d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue de détail en perspective du cadre rigide d'un moyen de précontrainte d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en perspective du cadre rigide d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention recouvert de la toile et une vue de détail montrant le dispositif de fixation de ladite toile ;
  • les figures 8a à 8d sont des vues en perspective du cadre rigide d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention en cours de mise en hauteur, à différents stade de cette mise en hauteur ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue en perspective du cadre rigide d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention muni de gouttières et une vue de détail montrant le mode de fixation desdites gouttières ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective partielle d'un module léger d'habitation selon l'invention avec une variante d'un faux plafond en cours de montage ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue de détail partielle des moyens de liaison du faux plafond selon la figure 10 en cours de montage ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une variante de panneaux verticaux du module léger d'habitation selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue en perspective du module léger d'habitation selon l'invention avec les parois verticales en cours de montage ;
  • la figure 14 est une série de vues en perspective et de dessus de différentes configurations d'un bâtiment modulaire selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 15 est une section verticale de l'assemblage de deux modules légers d'habitation selon l'invention constituant un bâtiment modulaire selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 16 est une section verticale éclatée de l'assemblage de deux modules légers d'habitation selon l'invention constituant un bâtiment modulaire selon l'invention.
Other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description of an alternative embodiment of a light housing module and a modular building according to the invention with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a light housing module according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a partial perspective view of a light housing module without its vertical walls;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of the rigid frame of a light housing module according to the invention being mounted on the ground;
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of the rigid frame of a light housing module according to the invention provided with a variant of a fabric tensioning device during assembly;
  • the figure 5 is a detailed perspective view of the rigid frame of a variant of the fabric tensioning device of a lightweight housing module according to the invention;
  • the figure 6 is a detailed perspective view of the rigid frame of a prestressing means of a lightweight housing module according to the invention;
  • the figure 7 is a perspective view of the rigid frame of a lightweight housing module according to the invention covered with the fabric and a detail view showing the fastening device of said fabric;
  • the Figures 8a to 8d are perspective views of the rigid frame of a lightweight housing module according to the invention being height, at different stages of this height adjustment;
  • the figure 9 is a perspective view of the rigid frame of a lightweight housing module according to the invention provided with gutters and a detail view showing the method of fixing said gutters;
  • the figure 10 is a partial perspective view of a light housing module according to the invention with a variant of a false ceiling during assembly;
  • the figure 11 is a partial detail view of the connection means of the false ceiling according to the figure 10 during assembly;
  • the figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of a variant of vertical panels of light housing module according to the invention;
  • the figure 13 is a perspective view of the light housing module according to the invention with the vertical walls being mounted;
  • the figure 14 is a series of perspective and top views of different configurations of a modular building according to the invention;
  • the figure 15 is a vertical section of the assembly of two lightweight housing modules according to the invention constituting a modular building according to the invention;
  • the figure 16 is an exploded vertical section of the assembly of two lightweight housing modules according to the invention constituting a modular building according to the invention.

Meilleure manière de réaliser l'invention techniqueBest way to realize the technical invention

Ainsi en référence aux figures 1 à 13, le module léger d'habitation 1 comporte une toile 2 tendue destinée à former le toit dudit module léger d'habitation 1 et fixée le long de son bord périphérique inférieur sur un cadre 3 rigide maintenu à distance du sol par une pluralité de poteaux 4 latéraux eux-mêmes fixés sur le sol.So with reference to Figures 1 to 13 , the light housing module 1 comprises a stretched fabric 2 intended to form the roof of said lightweight housing module 1 and fixed along its lower peripheral edge on a rigid frame 3 held at a distance from the ground by a plurality of 4 side posts themselves fixed on the ground.

En outre, le module léger d'habitation 1 comprend également des panneaux 5 verticaux et/ou des ouvrants 6 pour fermer de façon sensiblement étanche les façades verticales situées le long du périmètre du cadre 3, lesdits ouvrants 6 étant de préférence des éléments standards du commerce du type porte, porte-fenêtre, fenêtre simple ou double ou encore des baies coulissantes, les panneaux 5 étant réalisés avec des matériaux du commerce tels que des tôles métalliques, du bois brut ou reconstitué et/ou des matériaux d'isolation tels que de la laine minérale par exemple.In addition, the lightweight residential module 1 also comprises vertical panels and / or openings 6 for substantially sealing the vertical facades located along the perimeter of the frame 3, said openings 6 being preferably standard elements of the frame. type trade door, French window, single or double window or sliding windows, the panels 5 being made with commercial materials such as metal sheets, raw or reconstituted wood and / or insulation materials such as mineral wool for example.

Enfin, le module léger d'habitation 1 comporte un faux plafond 7 disposé sous la toile 2 à l'intérieur dudit module léger d'habitation 1 et fixé par son bord périphérique le long du cadre 3.Finally, the lightweight residential module 1 comprises a false ceiling 7 disposed under the fabric 2 inside said lightweight residential module 1 and fixed by its peripheral edge along the frame 3.

Pour obtenir la mise sous tension de la toile 2, le module léger d'habitation 1 comporte un système de tension (voir figure 4) comportant une ossature 8 formée par au moins un arceau subdivisé en deux demi-arceaux 81 dont les extrémités inférieures prennent chacune appui sur le cadre 3, et dont les extrémités supérieures 82 sont reliées l'une à l'autre par un dispositif d'écartement 83 tel que celui décrit dans la demande de brevet européen EP 2 130 994 déposé au nom de la demanderesse. L'écartement entre les extrémités supérieures 82 provoque un déplacement vers le haut de la partie médiane de l'arceau et donc une tension de la toile 2 puisque son bord inférieur est fixé sur le cadre 3.To obtain the power of the fabric 2, the lightweight housing module 1 comprises a tension system (see figure 4 ) having a frame 8 formed by at least one arch divided into two half-hoops 81 whose lower ends each bear on the frame 3, and whose upper ends 82 are connected to each other by a device gauge 83 as described in the European patent application EP 2 130 994 filed in the name of the plaintiff. The spacing between the upper ends 82 causes an upward movement of the middle part of the hoop and therefore a tension of the fabric 2 since its lower edge is fixed on the frame 3.

Ce dispositif d'écartement 83 (voir figure 5) comprend des moyens de liaison du type par emmanchement coulissant d'un tube 84 à l'intérieur de l'une au moins des extrémités supérieures 82 des demi-arceaux 81, et des moyens d'écartement des dites extrémités supérieures 82 comprenant des organes de prise 85 respectivement solidaires de l'une et l'autre des extrémités supérieures 82 et un organe fileté 86 coopérant avec lesdits organes de prise 85 en vue du rapprochement et/ou inversement de l'éloignement des dites extrémités 82 l'une de l'autre. L'organe fileté 86 est constitué d'une tige filetée munie dans sa zone médiane d'un organe de manoeuvre 87 en rotation et, à ses extrémités, de filetages à sens inverse de rotation. Les organes de prise 85 sont solidarisés à l'extérieur desdites extrémités supérieures 82 et comportent des filetages intérieurs coopérants respectivement avec les filetages correspondants de la tige filetée.This spacing device 83 (see figure 5 ) comprises sliding-type connection means of a tube 84 inside at least one of the upper ends 82 of the half-arches 81, and means of separation of said upper ends 82 comprising organs take 85 respectively secured to one and the other of the upper ends 82 and a threaded member 86 cooperating with said gripping members 85 for the approximation and / or vice versa the distance of said ends 82 from one another. The threaded member 86 consists of a threaded rod provided in its central zone with an actuating member 87 in rotation and, at its ends, threads in the opposite direction of rotation. The gripping members 85 are secured to the outside of said upper ends 82 and have internal threads cooperating respectively with the corresponding threads of the threaded rod.

Le cadre 3 comporte de préférence de longerons 31 raboutés et fixés entre eux par des moyens non représentés sur le dessin, chacun des longerons 31 étant constitué d'un élément profilé en alliage léger, de section droite sensiblement rectangulaire plein ou creux. Le cadre 3 comporte des moyens de fixation (non représentés) aptes à recevoir les poteaux 4 et les renforts de structure tels que, par exemple, des bracons 9, et comporte des moyens de fixation (non représentés) permettant leur solidarisation respective sur ledit cadre 3.The frame 3 preferably comprises longitudinal members 31 and attached to each other by means not shown in the drawing, each of the longitudinal members 31 consisting of a profiled element of light alloy, of substantially rectangular straight section or hollow hollow. The frame 3 comprises fastening means (not shown) capable of receiving the posts 4 and structural reinforcements such as, for example, struts 9, and comprises fastening means (not shown) for their respective attachment to said frame 3.

Par ailleurs, le cadre 3 comporte un dispositif de fixation 32 apte à assurer la solidarisation du bord périphérique inférieur de la toile 2 sur ledit cadre 3. Pour ce faire, le dispositif de fixation 32 est avantageusement semblable à celui décrit dans le brevet européen EP 0 277 073 délivré au nom de la demanderesse.Furthermore, the frame 3 comprises a fixing device 32 adapted to ensure the attachment of the lower peripheral edge of the fabric 2 on said frame 3. To do this, the fixing device 32 is advantageously similar to that described in the European patent EP 0 277 073 issued in the name of the plaintiff.

Ainsi, le dispositif de fixation 32 (voir figure 7) est tel que chacun des longerons 31 du cadre 3 présente une gorge 33 débouchant par une fente d'entrée de largeur inférieure à celle du fond de la gorge 33 et qu'un jonc de verrouillage 34 peut être engagé transversalement dans la gorge 33, à travers sa fente d'entrée, et y être immobilisé pour y retenir le bord périphérique inférieur de la toile 2 présentant un bourrelet 21. Le dispositif de fixation 32 est remarquable en ce qu'en position de verrouillage le jonc de verrouillage 34 est en position verticale, à angle droit par rapport à sa position d'introduction par une fente d'entrée, et il est coincé à l'intérieur de la gorge 33, de sorte qu'un effort de traction exercé vers l'extérieur, sur la toile 2, ne permette pas au bourrelet 21 de s'échapper de la gorge 33.Thus, the fixing device 32 (see figure 7 ) is such that each of the longitudinal members 31 of the frame 3 has a groove 33 opening through an inlet slot of width less than that of the bottom of the groove 33 and that a locking ring 34 can be engaged transversely in the groove 33, through its entry slit, and be immobilized therein to retain the lower peripheral edge of the fabric 2 having a bead 21. The fastening device 32 is remarkable in that in the locking position the locking rod 34 is in a vertical position, at right angles to its insertion position by an inlet slot, and is wedged inside the groove 33, so that a tensile force exerted to the outside, on the fabric 2, does not allow the bead 21 to escape from the groove 33.

De manière classique, le module léger d'habitation 1 comprend au moins en partie le long de la périphérie du cadre 3 une pluralité d'éléments de gouttière 10 (voir figure 9), solidaire dudit cadre 3, permettant de collecter les eaux de pluie ruisselant sur la toile 2, lesdits éléments de gouttière 10 faisant partie intégrante du cadre 3.In a conventional manner, the light housing module 1 comprises at least in part along the periphery of the frame 3 a plurality of gutter elements 10 (see FIG. figure 9 ), secured to said frame 3, for collecting rainwater dripping on the fabric 2, said gutter elements 10 forming an integral part of the frame 3.

Pour ce faire, le cadre 3 comporte de préférence, conformément au brevet français FR 2 684 712 délivré au nom de la demanderesse, une rainure longitudinale 35 (voir figure 9) en forme globale de C s'ouvrant vers l'extérieur, dont la partie supérieure comporte une excroissance 36 dirigé vers le bas, alors que la partie inférieure comporte une excroissance 37, de dimensions sensiblement plus importantes, dirigé vers le haut, ces excroissances 36, 37 délimitant l'ouverture de la rainure 35. Cette rainure 35 est destinée à recevoir, par encliquetage, l'élément de gouttière 10, dont la section droite est de façon globale en forme de U et dont la paroi interne 101 située côté du cadre 3 se partage en partie supérieure en deux branches, à savoir une branche externe 102, située dans le prolongement de la paroi latérale interne 101 et une branche interne 103, ayant une section transversale de forme sensiblement circulaire, dont la concavité est tournée vers l'extérieur de l'élément de gouttière 10, et dont l'extrémité se situe au-dessus de celle de la branche externe 102. Les extrémités des deux branches externe et interne 102, 103 sont coudées respectivement vers le bas et vers le haut, de façon que dans les creux des coudes respectifs ainsi formés puissent venir se loger les excroissances respectives 36, 37. Les deux branches externe et interne 102, 103 sont déformables élastiquement sous l'effet d'une sollicitation, de façon à permettre l'encliquetage de l'élément de gouttière 10 dans la rainure 35 du longeron 31.To do this, the frame 3 preferably comprises, in accordance with the French patent FR 2,684,712 issued in the name of the applicant, a longitudinal groove 35 (see figure 9 ) C-shaped overall opening to the outside, the upper portion has an outgrowth 36 directed downwards, while the lower portion has an outgrowth 37, of substantially larger dimensions, directed upwards, these excrescences 36, 37 delimiting the opening of the groove 35. This groove 35 is intended to receive, by snapping, the gutter element 10, whose cross section is generally U-shaped and whose inner wall 101 on the side of the frame 3 is divided in the upper part into two branches, namely an outer branch 102, located in the extension of the inner side wall 101 and an inner branch 103, having a cross section of substantially circular shape, whose concavity is turned towards the outside of the gutter element 10, and whose end is located above that of the outer branch 102. The ends of the two outer and inner branches 102, 103 are t bent respectively downwardly and upwardly, so that in the recesses of respective bends thus formed can be housed the respective growths 36, 37. The two outer branches and internal 102, 103 are elastically deformable under the effect of a bias, so as to allow the snapping of the gutter element 10 in the groove 35 of the spar 31.

Par ailleurs, afin de diminuer les dimensions de la section des éléments profilés et donc leur poids et leur coût, les longerons 31, notamment ceux de grande longueur, comportent un moyen de précontrainte 38 (voir la figure 6) permettant de mettre chaque longeron 31 en état de tension, ladite tension est opposée à celle qui sera exercée par la toile 2 lorsque cette dernière sera tendue. Ainsi, ce moyen de précontrainte 38 est positionné au voisinage du milieu de chaque longeron 31 et comporte, de préférence, un câble 381 dont la longueur est sensiblement plus longue que celle dudit longeron 31 et dont les extrémités sont fixées respectivement à proximité des extrémités dudit longeron 31, et un organe de contrainte 382 extensible s'étendant globalement perpendiculairement au longeron 31 et apte à recevoir le câble 381 et de le mettre sous tension en augmentant sa longueur, à la manière de la corde d'un arc sur laquelle on tire radialement par rapport au manche de l'arc. Cette opération va tendre à repousser le milieu du longeron 31 vers l'extérieur du cadre 3 et permettre de résister à la tension de la toile 2 qui a au contraire pour effet de ramener ledit milieu du longeron 31 vers l'intérieur du cadre 3.Moreover, in order to reduce the dimensions of the section of the profiled elements and therefore their weight and cost, the longitudinal members 31, in particular those of great length, comprise a prestressing means 38 (see FIG. figure 6 ) to put each spar 31 in tension, said tension is opposite to that which will be exerted by the fabric 2 when the latter will be tensioned. Thus, this prestressing means 38 is positioned in the vicinity of the middle of each spar 31 and preferably comprises a cable 381 whose length is substantially longer than that of said spar 31 and whose ends are fixed respectively close to the ends of said spar. spar 31, and an extensible stretcher 382 extending generally perpendicularly to the spar 31 and adapted to receive the cable 381 and put it under tension by increasing its length, in the manner of the rope of an arc on which one draws radially with respect to the handle of the bow. This operation will tend to push the middle of the spar 31 towards the outside of the frame 3 and make it possible to withstand the tension of the fabric 2 which, on the contrary, has the effect of bringing back said middle of the spar 31 towards the inside of the frame 3.

Pour cela, l'organe de contrainte 382 est incliné de sorte à être sensiblement parallèle à la toile 2 tendue et comprend un tube 383 solidaire du longeron 31 et comportant à son extrémité libre un taraudage (non représenté), une tige filetée 384 apte à se déplacer dans le tube 383 en coopérant avec ledit taraudage, un organe de réception 385 en forme générale de U, fixé à l'extrémité libre de ladite tige filetée 384 et apte à recevoir le câble 381, et un organe de blocage 386, avantageusement un écrou, permettant d'immobiliser la tige filetée 384 par rapport au tube 383.For this, the constraining member 382 is inclined so as to be substantially parallel to the stretched fabric 2 and comprises a tube 383 integral with the spar 31 and having at its free end a tapping (not shown), a threaded rod 384 adapted to move in the tube 383 cooperating with said tapping, a receiving member 385 generally U-shaped, fixed to the free end of said threaded rod 384 and adapted to receive the cable 381, and a locking member 386, advantageously a nut, for immobilizing the threaded rod 384 with respect to the tube 383.

Pour des raisons d'isolation thermique et acoustique, le module léger d'habitation 1 comprend au moins en partie le long de la périphérie du cadre 3, des panneaux 5 verticaux pour fermer les façades verticales situées sous ledit cadre 3.For reasons of thermal and acoustic insulation, the light residential module 1 comprises at least partly along the periphery of the frame 3, vertical panels 5 to close the vertical facades situated under said frame 3.

Dans un mode préférentiel de réalisation, chacun de ces panneaux 5 (voir figure 12) comportent une plaque 51 avantageusement composée de deux pans prenant en sandwich au moins un matelas isolant 52 en matériau d'isolation tel que de la laine minérale ou polystyrène par exemple, une plaque de parement 53 disposée sur ladite plaque 51 du côté extérieur du module léger d'habitation 1. Chaque panneau 5 est fermé verticalement par deux planches 54 disposées entre les pans de la plaque 51 le long de chacun de ses bords verticaux et munies d'au moins une rainure 541 femelle débouchant à l'extérieur de ladite plaque 51 et apte à coopérer avec une latte (non représentée) pour permettre l'assemblage vertical et l'étanchéité entre deux panneaux 5 adjacents. Les pans de la plaque 51, les planches 54 et les lattes seront de préférence réalisées à partir de bois brut ou reconstitué.In a preferred embodiment, each of these panels 5 (see figure 12 ) comprise a plate 51 advantageously composed of two panels sandwiching at least one insulating blanket 52 of insulating material such as mineral wool or polystyrene for example, a facing plate 53 disposed on said plate 51 on the outside of the module 1. Each panel 5 is closed vertically by two boards 54 arranged between the sides of the plate 51 along each of its vertical edges and provided with at least one female groove 541 opening out of said plate 51 and adapted to cooperate with a batten (not shown) to allow vertical assembly and sealing between two adjacent panels 5. The sections of the plate 51, the boards 54 and the slats will preferably be made from raw or reconstituted wood.

On pourra concevoir des panneaux 5 avec une planche 54 munie d'au moins une rainure 541 femelle et une planche 54 munie d'au moins une rainure 541 mâle, lesdites rainures 541 femelle/mâle étant aptes à coopérer respectivement avec au moins une rainure 541 femelle d'un panneau 5 adjacent pour permettre leur assemblage vertical en se passant des lattes, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. De même, on pourra avoir deux types de panneaux 5, l'un avec uniquement des rainures 541 mâles et l'autre avec uniquement des rainures 541 femelles et on assemblera consécutivement et alternativement des panneaux 5 de chacun des deux types.Can be designed panels 5 with a board 54 provided with at least one groove 541 female and a board 54 provided with at least one groove 541 male, said grooves 541 female / male being adapted to cooperate respectively with at least one groove 541 female of an adjacent panel 5 to allow their vertical assembly by passing slats without departing from the scope of the present invention. Similarly, there may be two types of panels 5, one with only male grooves 541 and the other with only grooves 541 females and consecutively and alternately panels 5 of each of the two types.

L'étanchéité entre un ensemble, comprenant soit un panneau 5 soit plusieurs panneaux 5 adjacents assemblés entre eux, et les cadre et poteaux 3, 4 du module léger d'habitation 1 est réalisée (voir figure 12) à l'aide de premiers profilés 55 verticaux d'étanchéité en forme générale de U disposés de chaque coté dudit ensemble et un second profilé 56 horizontal d'étanchéité en forme générale de U disposés en haut dudit ensemble, les premiers et second profilés 55, 56 assurant l'étanchéité en empêchant notamment les infiltrations d'eau de pluie. Pour ce faire, le second profilé 56 est solidaire du cadre 3 du module léger d'habitation 1 et est plus large que le panneau 5 et a son aile externe inclinée 561 par rapport à la verticale vers l'extérieur du module léger d'habitation 1 afin de faire office de pare-pluie et d'éviter que de l'eau de pluie ne vienne s'introduire entre ledit second profilé 56 et le dessus du panneau 5.The seal between an assembly, comprising either a panel 5 or several adjacent panels 5 assembled together, and the frame and posts 3, 4 of the light module 1 is realized (see figure 12 ) with the aid of first U-shaped vertical sealing profiles 55 placed on each side of said assembly and a second generally U-shaped horizontal sealing profile 56 disposed at the top of said assembly, the first and second profiles 55 , 56 ensuring watertightness by preventing, in particular, the infiltration of rainwater. To do this, the second profile 56 is integral with the frame 3 of the light housing module 1 and is wider than the panel 5 and has its inclined outer wing 561 relative to the vertical outward of the light housing module 1 in order to act as a rain screen and to prevent rain water from being introduced between said second profile 56 and the top of the panel 5.

Les premiers et second profilés 55, 56 sont avantageusement métalliques et fixés dans l'ensemble plaque 51 et plaque de parement 53 par des vis non représentées.The first and second profiles 55, 56 are preferably metallic and fixed in the plate assembly 51 and facing plate 53 by screws not shown.

La plaque de parement 53 pourra être fixée directement sur la plaque 51 ou bien avec un décalage grâce aux profilés espaceurs 57 ayant une section droite en forme globale d'oméga majuscule, de manière à laisser un espace d'air entre la plaque de parement 53 et la plaque 51 afin d'accroitre l'isolation du panneau 5.The facing plate 53 may be fixed directly on the plate 51 or with an offset thanks to the spacer sections 57 having a cross section in the overall shape of omega capital, so as to leave an air space between the facing plate 53 and the plate 51 to increase the insulation of the panel 5.

Ainsi constitué, les panneaux 5 sont disposés sous le cadre 3 en appui sur un rail 11 (voir figure 12) de préférence un profilé extrudé en alliage léger fixé au sol, dont la section droite est en forme globale de L, ledit rail 11 assurant l'étanchéité entre les panneaux 5 et le sol tout en évitant que les panneaux 5 ne reposent directement sur le sol afin d'éviter leur dégradation. De plus, le rail 11 permet de garantir l'horizontalité et la continuité du plan de pose des panneaux 5.Thus constituted, the panels 5 are arranged under the frame 3 resting on a rail 11 (see figure 12 ) preferably an extruded profile of light alloy fixed to the ground, whose cross section is in the overall shape of L, said rail 11 ensuring the seal between the panels 5 and the ground while avoiding that the panels 5 do not rest directly on the soil to prevent degradation. In addition, the rail 11 makes it possible to guarantee the horizontality and the continuity of the laying plane of the panels 5.

Toutefois, dans un mode préférentiel de mise en oeuvre, le module léger d'habitation 1 reposera en outre sur une ceinture maçonnée 12 garantissant un plan de pose continu, propre et sensiblement horizontal.However, in a preferential mode of implementation The light housing module 1 will also rest on a masonry belt 12 guaranteeing a continuous, clean and substantially horizontal installation plan.

Les ouvrants 6, qui sont des produits standards du secteur du bâtiment, sont insérés et fixés entre les panneaux 5 par des techniques classiques employées dans ledit secteur.The sashes 6, which are standard products of the building sector, are inserted and fixed between the panels 5 by conventional techniques employed in said sector.

Pour parfaire l'étanchéité et l'esthétique du module léger d'habitation 1, ledit module 1 comprend des profilés 13, dont la section droite est en forme globale de L, autour des ouvrants 6 et le long des rails 11.To perfect the waterproofness and aesthetics of the light residential module 1, said module 1 comprises sections 13, whose cross section is in the overall shape of L, around the openings 6 and along the rails 11.

De même pour parfaire l'étanchéité et l'esthétique des angles du module léger d'habitation 1, ledit module 1 comprend également des profilés d'angle 14 de parement aptes à coopérer avec les panneaux 5 disposés de part et d'autre d'un poteau 4 d'angle et à masquer ledit poteau 4 en l'entourant.Similarly, to perfect the tightness and the aesthetics of the angles of the light residential module 1, said module 1 also includes corner profiles 14 facing able to cooperate with the panels 5 arranged on either side of a corner post 4 and to hide said post 4 by surrounding it.

Enfin, le module léger d'habitation 1 comporte également un faux plafond 7 (voir figure 10). Dans un mode préférentiel de réalisation, le faux plafond 7 est, en référence à la figure 10, une toile 71 tendue à l'intérieur du module léger d'habitation 1 sous la toile 2 formant le toit dudit module léger d'habitation 1 et fixée par son bord périphérique le long du cadre 3.Finally, the light residential module 1 also includes a false ceiling 7 (see figure 10 ). In a preferred embodiment, the false ceiling 7 is, with reference to the figure 10 , a fabric 71 stretched inside the lightweight housing module 1 under the fabric 2 forming the roof of said light housing unit 1 and fixed by its peripheral edge along the frame 3.

Pour ce faire, le bord périphérique extérieur de la toile 71 du faux plafond 7 présente un bourrelet (non représenté) agencé pour être retenu dans un dispositif de fixation (non représenté) de la toile 71 dans le cadre 3 du module léger d'habitation 1. Ledit dispositif de fixation est avantageusement semblable à celui décrit dans le brevet européen EP 0 277 073 délivré au nom de la demanderesse.To do this, the outer peripheral edge of the fabric 71 of the false ceiling 7 has a bead (not shown) arranged to be retained in a fastening device (not shown) of the fabric 71 in the frame 3 of the lightweight housing module 1. Said fixing device is advantageously similar to that described in the European patent EP 0 277 073 issued in the name of the plaintiff.

Toutefois, pour pallier aux défauts éventuels de dimensions et/ou de positionnement, ladite toile 71 comporte avantageusement une zone de compensation apte à absorber lesdits défauts grâce à un lacet 72 de préférence élastique (voir le détail de la figure 10). Ladite zone de compensation est une découpe périphérique dans la toile 71 du faux plafond 7 séparant cette dernière en une première zone centrale et une deuxième zone d'extrémité comportant le bourrelet. Le lacet 72 relie alors de façon ajustable les première et deuxième zones (non représentées).However, to overcome any defects in dimensions and / or positioning, said fabric 71 advantageously comprises a compensation zone capable of absorb said defects through a lace 72 preferably elastic (see the detail of the figure 10 ). Said compensation zone is a peripheral cut in the fabric 71 of the false ceiling 7 separating the latter in a first central zone and a second end zone comprising the bead. The lace 72 then connects in an adjustable manner the first and second zones (not shown).

De manière analogue au moyen de liaison décrits dans la demande de brevet européen EP 1 905 926 déposée au de la demanderesse, le faux plafond 7 comporte des moyens de liaison 73 pour maintenir en position tendue la toile 71 par rapport à l'ossature 8 du module léger d'habitation 1.In a similar manner to the linking means described in the European patent application EP 1,905,926 filed in the plaintiff, the false ceiling 7 comprises connecting means 73 to maintain in tension position the fabric 71 relative to the frame 8 of the lightweight housing module 1.

Ainsi, la toile 71 comporte également en sa partie centrale un orifice 74 pourvu d'un jonc 75, c'est-à-dire d'un bourrelet. Ce jonc 75 est formé par un anneau pris dans un pli de ladite toile 71, ledit anneau étant par exemple réalisé en corde, naturelle ou synthétique.Thus, the fabric 71 also has in its central part an orifice 74 provided with a rod 75, that is to say a bead. This ring 75 is formed by a ring taken in a fold of said fabric 71, said ring being for example made of rope, natural or synthetic.

Les moyens de liaison 73 comportent une cerce 76, c'est-à-dire une partie annulaire, destinée à recevoir sur sa face extérieure le jonc 75 de la toile 71. Cette cerce 76 est pourvue à sa base d'une butée 77 s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur, par exemple fixée à la cerce 76 par soudage, et un anneau de blocage 78 qui, dans la position où le faux plafond 7 est monté (comme représenté sur la figure 10), est interposé entre le jonc 75 et la butée 77, assurant ainsi le blocage du jonc 75.The connecting means 73 comprise a hoop 76, that is to say an annular portion, intended to receive on its outer surface the rod 75 of the cloth 71. This hoop 76 is provided at its base with a stop 77 s extending radially outwardly, for example fixed to the hoop 76 by welding, and a locking ring 78 which, in the position where the false ceiling 7 is mounted (as shown in FIG. figure 10 ), is interposed between the rod 75 and the stop 77, thus ensuring the locking of the rod 75.

Le faux plafond 7 comprend en outre des organes de jonction 79 des moyens de liaison 73, et notamment de la cerce 76, à chacune des extrémités supérieures des demi-arceaux 81 de l'ossature 8 du module léger d'habitation 1. Ces organes de jonction 79 assurent le maintien en position suspendue la toile 71 du faux plafond 7. Pour cela, lesdits organes de jonction 79 sont avantageusement du type poulie-câble, de sorte qu'en tirant sur un câble on rapproche l'ensemble (cerce 76-jonc 75-anneau de blocage 78) des extrémités supérieures 82 des demi-arceaux 81 afin de le soulever et de tendre la toile 71.The false ceiling 7 further comprises connecting members 79 connecting means 73, and in particular the hoop 76, at each of the upper ends of the half-hoops 81 of the frame 8 of the lightweight housing module 1. These bodies junction 79 ensure the suspended position of the canvas 71 of the false ceiling 7. For this purpose, said connecting members 79 are advantageously of the cable-pulley type, so that pulling on a cable is brought closer together (ring 76-ring 75-locking ring 78) of the upper ends 82 of the half-arches 81 to lift and stretch the fabric 71.

Compte tenu de ce qui précède, le faux plafond 7 est à double courbure inversée, c'est-à-dire qu'il a une forme générale de chapeau chinois autrement dit une surface conique de révolution dont la génératrice n'est pas une droite mais une courbe.In view of the above, the false ceiling 7 is inverted double curvature, that is to say it has a general shape of Chinese hat in other words a conical surface of revolution whose generator is not a straight but a curve.

Pour plus de détails concernant le faux plafond 7, on se référera à une demande de brevet déposée concomitamment au nom de la demanderesse.For more details on the false ceiling 7, reference will be made to a patent application filed concomitantly in the name of the applicant.

Le faux plafond 7 a pour effet, d'une part, de réduire le volume à chauffer en diminuant la hauteur sous plafond et, d'autre part, de créer un « matelas thermique » en emprisonnant l'air contenu dans toute la partie du module léger d'habitation 1 située au-dessus du cadre 3 entre les toiles 2 et 71.The false ceiling 7 has the effect, on the one hand, to reduce the volume to be heated by reducing the height under ceiling and, on the other hand, to create a "thermal mattress" by trapping the air contained in all the part of the lightweight housing module 1 located above the frame 3 between the webs 2 and 71.

On comprend bien qu'en réduisant le volume à chauffer, le coût de fonctionnement notamment en termes de chauffage va diminuer de façon significative.It is understandable that reducing the volume to be heated, the cost of operation especially in terms of heating will decrease significantly.

Toutefois pour accroître la performance thermique du faux plafond 7 et donc du module léger d'habitation 1, le faux plafond 7 peut comporter au moins un matelas isolant (non représenté) disposé par l'orifice 74 (voir figure 10) au-dessus de la toile 71 et constitué de matériaux d'isolation tels que de la laine minérale ou polystyrène par exemple sous forme de plaques ou rouleaux à dérouler. Ces matériaux d'isolation sont introduits par l'orifice 74 après la mise sous tension de la toile 71 puis déposés sur ladite toile 71.However, to increase the thermal performance of the false ceiling 7 and thus of the light residential module 1, the false ceiling 7 may comprise at least one insulating mat (not shown) disposed by the orifice 74 (see FIG. figure 10 ) above the fabric 71 and made of insulating materials such as mineral wool or polystyrene for example in the form of plates or rolls to unroll. These insulating materials are introduced through the orifice 74 after energizing the fabric 71 and then deposited on said fabric 71.

L'orifice 74 permet également de vérifier de l'intérieur l'état de la toile 2 formant le toit du module léger d'habitation 1, mais également l'état de l'ossature 8 du système de tension de ladite toile 2The orifice 74 also makes it possible to verify from inside the state of the fabric 2 forming the roof of the light residential module 1, but also the state of the framework 8 of the tension system of said fabric 2

Pour parfaire l'esthétique et l'isolation du faux plafond 7, l'orifice 74 sera avantageusement fermé par un opercule (non représenté).To perfect the aesthetics and the insulation of the false ceiling 7, the orifice 74 will advantageously be closed by a lid (not shown).

L'homme du Métier n'aura aucune difficulté à dimensionner les différents éléments constitutifs du module léger d'habitation 1 selon l'invention en fonction des dimensions hors-tout dudit module léger d'habitation 1 et des conditions de site où sera installé ce dernier. De même, pour assurer la stabilité du module léger d'habitation 1, l'Homme du Métier n'aura aucune difficulté à déterminer les éléments de renforts nécessaire tels que, par exemple, des poteaux latéraux supplémentaires, des bracons, des contreventements, des diagonales reliant deux angles opposés du cadre 3 ou encore des barres maintenant en place l'ossature 8.The skilled person will have no difficulty in sizing the various components of the lightweight housing module 1 according to the invention according to the overall dimensions of said lightweight housing module 1 and site conditions where will be installed this latest. Similarly, to ensure the stability of the lightweight housing module 1, the skilled person will have no difficulty in determining the necessary reinforcing elements such as, for example, additional side posts, braces, braces, diagonals connecting two opposite angles of the frame 3 or bars now in place the frame 8.

Ainsi, en référence aux figures 2 et 4, lorsque pour obtenir la mise sous tension de la toile 2, le module léger d'habitation 1 comporte un système de tension comportant une ossature 8 formée par au moins un arceau subdivisé en deux demi-arceaux 81 dont les extrémités inférieures prennent chacune appui sur le cadre 3, le module léger d'habitation 1 comporte en outre une diagonale de tension 88 reliant deux angles opposés du cadre 3 et disposée dans le plan vertical contenant les deux demi-arceaux 81. Cette diagonale de tension 88 permet de maintenir l'équilibre mécanique de l'ensemble après la mise sous tension de la toile 2. Selon les dimensions dudit module léger d'habitation 1, la diagonale de tension 88 est avantageusement un câble ou une barre.Thus, with reference to figures 2 and 4 when, to obtain the powering up of the fabric 2, the light residential module 1 comprises a tensioning system comprising a framework 8 formed by at least one arch divided into two half-arches 81 whose lower ends each bear on the frame 3, the light housing module 1 further comprises a voltage diagonal 88 connecting two opposite angles of the frame 3 and disposed in the vertical plane containing the two half-arches 81. This diagonal tension 88 can maintain the mechanical balance of the assembly after the tensioning of the fabric 2. According to the dimensions of said lightweight housing module 1, the voltage diagonal 88 is advantageously a cable or a bar.

En référence aux figures 1 à 13, l'invention a donc également pour objet un procédé de montage du module léger d'habitation 1 comportant une pluralité d'étapes à savoir :

  • assemblage du cadre 3,
  • mise en place du système de tension de la toile 2 formant le toit du module léger d'habitation 1,
  • fixation du bord périphérique inférieur de la toile 2 sur le cadre 3,
  • mise sous tension de la toile 2 grâce à son système de tension,
  • mise en place de poteaux 4 latéraux assurant le maintien à distance du sol du cadre 3,
  • mise en place du faux plafond 7,
  • mise en place des façades verticales comportant notamment des panneaux 5 latéraux et/ou des ouvrants 6.
With reference to Figures 1 to 13 , the invention therefore also relates to a method of mounting the lightweight housing module 1 comprising a plurality of steps namely:
  • assembly of the frame 3,
  • setting up the tension system of the fabric 2 forming the roof of light housing module 1,
  • fixing the lower peripheral edge of the fabric 2 on the frame 3,
  • tensioning the fabric 2 thanks to its tension system,
  • installation of lateral posts 4 for maintaining the distance of the floor of the frame 3,
  • placement of the false ceiling 7,
  • placement of vertical facades including lateral panels and / or openings 6.

On comprend que ces étapes peuvent ne pas être exécutées dans l'ordre indiqué. Par exemple, la mise en place des poteaux 4 peut être réalisée avant de mettre en place le système de tension de la toile 2 et l'étape de mise en place des façades verticales peut précéder l'étape de fixation du bord périphérique de la toile 71 formant le faux plafond 7.It is understood that these steps may not be executed in the indicated order. For example, the establishment of the posts 4 can be carried out before setting up the tensioning system of the fabric 2 and the step of setting up the vertical facades can precede the step of fixing the peripheral edge of the fabric 71 forming the false ceiling 7.

L'étape d'assemblage du cadre 3 du module léger d'habitation 1 selon l'invention pourra être précédée d'une étape de réalisation d'une ceinture maçonnée 12 formant un plan de pose continu dudit module léger d'habitation 1.The step of assembling the frame 3 of the light housing module 1 according to the invention may be preceded by a step of producing a masonry belt 12 forming a continuous laying plane of said light housing module 1.

De même, l'étape de mise en place des façades verticales pourra avantageusement être suivie d'une étape de mise en place d'une pluralité d'éléments de gouttière 10 puis d'une étape de contrôle des finitions et de l'étanchéité du module léger d'habitation 1 avec le cas échéant un essai à la lance à incendie par exemple.Similarly, the step of placing the vertical facades can advantageously be followed by a step of setting up a plurality of gutter elements 10 and a step of checking the finishes and the tightness of the light housing module 1 with, if necessary, a fire hose test, for example.

L'étape d'assemblage du cadre 3 du module léger d'habitation 1 selon l'invention ainsi que celles de mise en place et sous tension de la toile 2 seront de préférence, pour des raisons évidentes de facilité, réalisées au sol ou à hauteur d'homme sur des tréteaux, par exemple.The assembly step of the frame 3 of the light housing module 1 according to the invention as well as those of placing and under tension of the fabric 2 will preferably, for obvious reasons of ease, carried out on the ground or man's height on trestles, for example.

En référence aux figures 8a à 8d, l'étape de mise en place des poteaux 4 se fait progressivement en les soulevant d'un côté puis d'un autre afin de mettre en place progressivement les poteaux 4 les uns après les autres.With reference to Figures 8a to 8d , the implementation stage 4 posts position is progressively raised by lifting one side and then another to gradually install the posts 4 one after the other.

On comprend bien, d'après la description qui précède, que le montage du module léger d'habitation 1 est très simplifié et ne nécessite que peu d'engins et d'outillages.It is clear from the foregoing description that the mounting of the lightweight residential module 1 is very simplified and requires only a few machines and tools.

En référence aux figures 14 à 16, l'invention concerne également un bâtiment modulaire 150 constitué d'une pluralité de modules légers d'habitation 1, de dimensions différentes ou non, disposés les uns à côté des autres.With reference to Figures 14 to 16 the invention also relates to a modular building 150 consisting of a plurality of light housing modules 1, of different dimensions or not, arranged next to each other.

On a représenté sur la figure 14 plusieurs exemples non limitatifs d'agencement de bâtiment modulaire 150.We have shown on the figure 14 several nonlimiting examples of modular building arrangement 150.

Pour obtenir ledit bâtiment modulaire 150, il faut assembler, comme décrit précédemment, chacun des modules légers d'habitations 1 constituants ledit bâtiment 150 jusqu'à la mise en place des façades verticales comportant notamment des panneaux 5 latéraux et/ou des ouvrants 6. En effet, le bâtiment modulaire 150 n'est pas qu'une simple juxtaposition de modules légers d'habitation 1 fermés mais qu'une personne habitant dans ledit bâtiment doit pouvoir aller et venir d'un module léger d'habitation 1 à l'autre. Pour cela, les faces verticales d'un module léger d'habitation 1 situées en face d'un module léger d'habitation 1 adjacent doivent être au moins en partie ouvertes, ce qui nécessite d'assurer l'étanchéité entre les différents modules légers d'habitations 1 constituants ledit bâtiment modulaire 150.To obtain said modular building 150, it is necessary to assemble, as previously described, each of the light residential modules 1 constituting said building 150 until the establishment of the vertical facades comprising in particular side panels and / or openings 6. Indeed, the modular building 150 is not a simple juxtaposition of light residential modules 1 closed but that a person living in said building must be able to come and go from a light housing module 1 to the other. For this, the vertical faces of a light housing module 1 located in front of a light housing module 1 adjacent must be at least partly open, which requires sealing between the various lightweight modules of houses 1 constants said modular building 150.

Pour cela, en référence aux figures 15 et 16, le bâtiment modulaire 150 comporte un dispositif d'étanchéité 151 entre les faces en vis-à-vis des cadres 3 de deux modules légers d'habitation 1 adjacents.For that, with reference to Figures 15 and 16 , the modular building 150 comprises a sealing device 151 between the faces vis-à-vis the frames 3 of two adjacent lightweight housing modules 1.

Le dispositif d'étanchéité 151 comprend un premier organe d'étanchéité 152 disposé dans une rainure 153 longitudinale réalisée dans le cadre 3 de chacun des modules légers d'habitation 1, un deuxième organe d'étanchéité 154 disposé au-dessus du premier organe d'étanchéité 152 entre les cadres 3 de deux modules légers d'habitation 1 adjacents, et d'une pluralité d'organes de serrage 155 destinés à assurer le serrage des deux cadres 3 l'un contre l'autre et la compression des premiers et deuxième organes d'étanchéité 152, 154 afin d'assurer l'étanchéité entre deux modules légers d'habitation 1 adjacents.The sealing device 151 comprises a first sealing member 152 disposed in a groove 153 longitudinally made in the frame 3 of each of the lightweight housing modules 1, a second sealing member 154 disposed above the first sealing member 152 between the frames 3 of two adjacent lightweight housing modules 1, and a plurality of clamping members 155 for clamping the two frames 3 against each other and compressing the first and second sealing members 152, 154 to seal between two lightweight modules 1 adjacent dwelling.

Les premiers et deuxième organes d'étanchéité 152, 154 sont de préférence des joints à cellules fermées en EPDM par exemple et respectivement du type joint à lèvre et joint plat.The first and second sealing members 152, 154 are preferably closed-cell EPDM seals for example and respectively of the lip seal and flat seal type.

Les organes de serrage 155 comportent avantageusement une tige filetée 156 traversant simultanément les deux cadres 3 et comportant à chacune de leurs extrémités un écrou 157 permettant le serrage desdits deux cadres 3 l'un contre l'autre.The clamping members 155 advantageously comprise a threaded rod 156 traversing simultaneously the two frames 3 and having at each of their ends a nut 157 for clamping said two frames 3 against each other.

Pour récupérer les eaux de pluies, le bâtiment modulaire 150 comporte des éléments de gouttière (non représentés) fixés, comme décrit précédemment pour les éléments de gouttière 10 d'un module léger d'habitation 1, le long du périmètre dudit bâtiment modulaire 150.To recover the rainwater, the modular building 150 has gutter elements (not shown) attached, as previously described for the gutter elements 10 of a light housing module 1, along the perimeter of said modular building 150.

Enfin, l'invention a aussi pour objet le procédé de montage du bâtiment modulaire 150 selon l'invention comportant une pluralité d'étapes à savoir :

  • montage des différents modules légers d'habitation 1 constituant le bâtiment modulaire 150,
  • mise en place du dispositif d'étanchéité 151 entre les faces en vis-à-vis des cadres 3 de deux modules légers d'habitation 1 adjacents.
Finally, the invention also relates to the method of mounting the modular building 150 according to the invention comprising a plurality of steps namely:
  • assembly of the various light housing modules 1 constituting the modular building 150,
  • installation of the sealing device 151 between the faces vis-à-vis the frames 3 of two adjacent lightweight housing modules 1.

L'étape de montage des différents modules légers d'habitation 1 constituant le bâtiment modulaire 150, selon l'invention, pourra être précédée d'une étape de réalisation d'une ceinture maçonnée 12 formant un plan de pose continu dudit bâtiment modulaire 150.The assembly step of the various light housing modules 1 constituting the modular building 150, according to the invention, may be preceded by a step of realization of a masonry belt 12 forming a continuous laying plan of said modular building 150.

Description d'autres modes de réalisationDescription of other embodiments

Dans une variante de réalisation non représentée, le module léger d'habitation 1 selon l'invention pourra comporter un système de tension de la toile 2 destinée à former le toit dudit module léger d'habitation 1 comprenant un mât central.In an alternative embodiment not shown, the light housing module 1 according to the invention may include a tension system of the fabric 2 for forming the roof of said lightweight housing module 1 comprising a central mast.

Ainsi, le mât central du module léger d'habitation 1 pourra être du type de celui décrit dans la demande de brevet français FR 07/01275 déposée au nom de la demanderesse. Ledit mât central, qui porte, à son extrémité supérieure, la partie centrale de la toile 2 fixée le long de son bord inférieur au cadre 3, est articulé pour faciliter sa mise en position verticale et extensible pour tendre ladite toile 2 en poussant la partie centrale de la toile 2 vers le haut.Thus, the central mast of the light housing module 1 may be of the type described in the French patent application FR 07/01275 filed in the name of the plaintiff. Said central mast, which carries, at its upper end, the central part of the fabric 2 fixed along its lower edge to the frame 3, is articulated to facilitate its setting in vertical and extensible position to stretch said fabric 2 by pushing the part center of the canvas 2 up.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation non représentée, le faux plafond comporte soit des dalles amovibles suspendues à un quadrillage de profilés avantageusement en alliage léger, soit une nappe souple, généralement opaque, déformée par tension afin que ses bords, pourvus de moyens d'accrochage, puissent venir se fixer à des lisses d'accrochage fixées sur la face du cadre 3 du module léger d'habitation 1.In another variant embodiment not shown, the false ceiling comprises either removable slabs suspended from a grid of profiles advantageously light alloy, or a flexible sheet, generally opaque, deformed by tension so that its edges, provided with hooking means , can be fixed to hitching rails fixed on the face of the frame 3 of the light housing module 1.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation non représentée, les panneaux 5 sont de type panneaux sandwich autoportant, préfabriqués en usine, conçus pour s'imbriquer les uns dans les autres de façon à garantir un assemblage solide et étanche entre eux. Ces panneaux 5 pourront être par exemple de type de ceux proposés par la société TRIMO (Marque déposée).In another variant embodiment not shown, the panels 5 are of the type self-supporting sandwich panels, prefabricated in the factory, designed to interlock with each other so as to ensure a solid and sealed connection between them. These panels 5 may be for example of the type proposed by TRIMO (registered trademark).

Possibilité d'application industriellePossibility of industrial application

Le module léger d'habitation 1 selon l'invention et le bâtiment modulaire 150 constitué d'une pluralité de modules légers d'habitation 1 peuvent avantageusement être installés sur tout type de site quelles que soient les conditions climatiques et d'accès. En outre, il ressort clairement de la description que le module léger d'habitation 1 et le bâtiment modulaire 150 selon l'invention permettent une construction simple et rapide, tout en garantissant une isolation tant acoustique que thermique performante et donc un coût de fonctionnement réduit.The light housing module 1 according to the invention and the modular building 150 consisting of a plurality of lightweight residential modules 1 can advantageously be installed on any type of site regardless of climatic conditions and access. In addition, it is clear from the description that the lightweight housing module 1 and the modular building 150 according to the invention allow a simple and fast construction, while ensuring both acoustic insulation and thermal performance and therefore a reduced operating cost .

Enfin, il va de soi que les exemples de module léger d'habitation 1 et de bâtiment modulaire 150 conformes à l'invention qui viennent d'être décrits ne sont que des illustrations particulières, en aucun cas limitatives de l'invention, conformément les revendications ajoutées.Finally, it goes without saying that the examples of lightweight housing module 1 and modular building 150 according to the invention which have just been described are only particular illustrations, in no way limiting of the invention, in accordance with claims added.

Claims (24)

  1. Lightweight housing module (1) including at least one stretched canvas (2) intended to form the roof of said lightweight housing module (1) and intended to be secured along the bottom peripheral edge thereof to a rigid frame (3) kept at a distance from the ground by a plurality of lateral pillars (4) which are intended to be secured to the ground, said lightweight housing module (1) comprising vertical panels (5) including an insulation material and/or openings (6) to close substantially tightly the vertical facades situated along the perimeter of said frame (3) and a false ceiling (7) arranged to be positioned under said canvas (2) inside said lightweight housing module (1) and secured by the peripheral edge thereof to the frame (3) so as to create a "thermal and acoustic cushion" by trapping the air contained between the canvas (2) and said false ceiling (7), said lightweight housing module (1) being characterised in that it includes a system for tensioning said canvas (2) arranged entirely inside said lightweight housing module (1) and suitable for moving the canvas (2) upwards by an action on the central internal portion thereof, so as to stretch same and support the weight thereof.
  2. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claims, characterised in that the panels (5) are heat-insulating panels.
  3. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the panels (5) include at least one slab (51) consisting of two sides sandwiching at least one insulating cushion (52), a baseboard (53) rigidly connected to said slab (51) on the outside of the lightweight housing module (1) and two boards (54) arranged between the sides of the slab (51) along each of these vertical edges.
  4. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it includes first vertical sealing profiles (55) having a general U shape arranged on each side of an assembly of at least one board (5) and a second horizontal sealing profile (56) having a general U shape arranged at the top of said assembly, the first and second profiles (55, 56) ensuring tightness between said assembly and the frame (3) and pillars (4) of the lightweight housing module (1).
  5. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the panels (5) are arranged below the frame (3) bearing on a rail (11) secured to the ground, said rail (11) ensuring the tightness between the panels (5) and the ground.
  6. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the false ceiling (7) includes a canvas (71), connection means (73) and joining members (79) for holding said canvas (71) in the suspended position with respect to the lightweight housing module (1).
  7. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claims, characterised in that the canvas (71) has an inverted double curve and also includes in the central part thereof an orifice (74) provided with at least one strip (75).
  8. Lightweight housing module (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that the connection means (73) include a segment (76) intended to receive the strip (75) and provided at the base thereof with an abutment (77), and a locking ring (78) intended to be inserted between the strip (75) and the abutment (77) thus locking the strip (75) on the segment (76).
  9. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the joining members (79) are of the pulley-cable type.
  10. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterised in that the false ceiling (7) may include at least one insulating cushion arranged over the canvas (71).
  11. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterised in that the canvas (71) is provided with a string (72) such that said canvas (71) is adjustably secured to the frame (3).
  12. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the false ceiling (7) includes a flexible sheet subject to tensile deformation wherein the edges thereof are provided with coupling means to be secured to coupling rails secured to the frame (3) of the lightweight housing module (1).
  13. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it includes a fastening device (32) suitable for ensuring the securing of the bottom peripheral edge of the canvas (2) to said frame (3).
  14. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the fastening device (32) is such that the frame (3) has a groove (33) opening via an entry slot (34) of width less than that of the base of the groove (33) and a locking strip (35) may be engaged transversally into the groove (33), via the entry slot (34) thereof, and be immobilised therein in order to retain the bottom peripheral edge of the canvas (2) having a flange (21), such that in the locking position the locking strip (35) is wedged inside the groove (33) and that an outward tensile force applied to the canvas (2) does not allow said flange (21) to come out of the groove (33).
  15. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the system for tensioning the canvas (2) includes a structure (8) formed by at least one arch subdivided into two half-arches (81) wherein the lower ends each bear on the frame (3), and wherein the upper ends (82) are connected to one another by a separating device (83), the separation of the upper ends (82) causing an upward movement of the median part of said arch and thus tensioning of the canvas (2).
  16. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the system for tensioning the canvas (2) is associated with a tensioning diagonal bar (88) connecting two opposite corners of the frame (3) and arranged in the vertical plane containing the two half-arches (81).
  17. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the system for tensioning the canvas (2) includes a central pole bearing, at the upper end thereof, the central part of the canvas (2) secured along the lower edge thereof to the frame (3), and being hinged to facilitate the vertical positioning thereof and extensile in order to stretch said canvas (2) by pushing said central part of the canvas (2) upwards.
  18. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the frame (3) includes girders (31).
  19. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the girders (31) each include a prestress means (38).
  20. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the prestress means (38) is positioned in the vicinity of the centre of each girder (31) and includes a cable (381) and an extensile stress member (382) suitable for receiving the cable (381).
  21. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the stress member (382) extends overall perpendicularly to the girder (31) and is inclined so as to be substantially parallel to the canvas (2) of the lightweight housing module (1).
  22. Lightweight housing module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it includes at least partially along the periphery of the frame (3) a plurality of gutter elements (10) forming an integral part of the frame (3).
  23. Lightweight housing module (1) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the frame (3) includes a longitudinal groove (36) intended to receive, by clipping together, the gutter element (10).
  24. Modular building (150) characterised in that it comprises a plurality of lightweight housing modules (1), according to any one of claims 1 to 23, arranged side by side, and a sealing device (151) provided between the opposing faces of the frames (3) of two adjacent lightweight housing modules (1), said sealing device (151) ensuring the tightness of the whole of said modular building (150).
EP11159613.6A 2010-03-26 2011-03-24 Lightweight dwelling module and modular building Active EP2369076B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1001236A FR2957961B1 (en) 2010-03-26 2010-03-26 LIGHT MODULE OF HOUSING AND MODULAR BUILDING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2369076A1 EP2369076A1 (en) 2011-09-28
EP2369076B1 true EP2369076B1 (en) 2016-11-23

Family

ID=43413969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11159613.6A Active EP2369076B1 (en) 2010-03-26 2011-03-24 Lightweight dwelling module and modular building

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8863443B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2369076B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2614177T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2957961B1 (en)
PT (1) PT2369076T (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT2369076T (en) 2017-02-14
FR2957961A1 (en) 2011-09-30
FR2957961B1 (en) 2015-03-27
US20110258941A1 (en) 2011-10-27
US8863443B2 (en) 2014-10-21
EP2369076A1 (en) 2011-09-28
ES2614177T3 (en) 2017-05-30

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