EP2365932B1 - Bridge crane or gantry crane comprising a cable length-adjusting element fastened to the load accepting means - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a bridge or gantry crane for the handling of standardized load carriers, in particular for the handling of ISO containers and swap bodies between road and rail, with a trolley movable along a crane girder in the trolley travel direction, on which a rigid and in a lifting and lowering extending mast is performed, which is in one piece and not telescopic and at least one arranged on the crane hoist via ropes in lifting and lowering direction, at the lower end of a load handling device for standardized load carrier is rigidly secured, the ropes of the attack at least one hoist on the Laufaufnahmemittel.

From the German patent application DE 27 52 212 A1 a transfer device for goods containers, in particular of containers in railway traffic is known. In an embodiment shown there, the transfer device consists essentially of a gantry crane with a cat, on which a telescoping mast is suspended. The mast has three telescopic sections. The upper end of the uppermost telescopic section is rigidly attached to the cat, wherein at the lower end of the lower telescopic section, a C-shaped frame is rigidly suspended. This C-shaped frame with upper horizontal arms and lower horizontal arms is provided to be able to retract the load lifting means suspended from the lower horizontal arms under a catenary of a railway track laterally. In order to move the C-shaped frame and the load-carrying means in lifting and lowering direction, cables with drums are arranged on the cat, of which a total of four ropes extend to arranged on top of the horizontal arms pulleys.

From the European patent EP 1 365 984 B1 is a bridge crane for stacking containers, in particular of ISO containers, known, the container inside a container terminal in a storage area and outsourced from this. The bridge crane has a crane girder, which spans a substantially cuboid-shaped bearing area of widthwise. On the crane girder and along its longitudinal direction is a crane trolley in the width direction of the storage area traversable. The crane girder can be moved on trolleys on rails in the crane travel direction and thus transversely to the crane trolley on the crane girder and in the longitudinal direction of the storage area. In order to handle the container, a mast is arranged on the trolley, which is guided in the vertical direction and can be raised or lowered. The mast is designed as a box girder and hoists are arranged on the crane trolley for the lifting and lowering movement of the mast. At the bottom and in the direction of the container to be handled end of the mast a load-handling means for containers, in particular a so-called spreader, hinged. The load handler is connected by cables to the hoists on the crane trolley. The mast is not directly driven in lifting and lowering direction but only indirectly via the acting on the load-carrying ropes. The use of a rigid mast between the trolley and the load-carrying means has the advantage that a pendulum-poor handling of the container in contrast to also used and suspended solely on ropes lifting equipment is possible.

Furthermore, from the European patent EP 0 796 813 B1 already a gantry crane for the handling of containers and swap bodies between rail and road known. According to the usual for a gantry crane construction is a crane carrier in the longitudinal direction movable trolley provided on the crane in the direction of travel of the gantry seen behind and at a distance from each other two hydraulic piston-cylinder units are attached. The piston-cylinder units are each vertically aligned and consist essentially of a lifting cylinder and a movable piston rod therein. The lifting cylinders are rigidly attached to the trolley and extend the piston rods, starting from the trolley down in the lowering direction and corresponding manner in the stroke direction retractable. At the opposite ends of the crane ratchets a hanger frame is attached via slot connections, on which a load-receiving means in the form of a Spreaderrahmens is suspended. The connection of the hanger frame via slot joints with the piston rods has been chosen to compensate for differences in the synchronism of the piston-cylinder units and corresponding inclinations of the container. Furthermore, it is provided that the suspension frame and the load-receiving means arranged therein are laterally offset by at least 500 mm with respect to the longitudinal axis of the two piston-cylinder units, thus being separated from the Gantry crane and container or swap bodies can be placed on a railroad car or taken from this and at the same time a trolley contact wire can engage under the laterally offset arrangement of the load-carrying means on the piston rod.

Furthermore, from the German patent application DE 29 11 938 B2 Another crane system for the handling of containers in railway traffic known. This crane system is also designed as a gantry crane, which has a crane trolley with a guided thereon and movable in lifting and lowering mast. At the lower end of this mast with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mast, a laterally projecting cantilever is fixed, on which a rotary connection with a vertical axis of rotation a lifting device for the container is suspended. The mast can be raised and lowered via a rope hoist, the rope of which acts on the mast in the area of the lower third of the mast. In addition to the rotary connection on the load receiving means, the crane trolley has a rotating device with an annular running rail, on which a rotating frame can be moved about wheels via a vertical axis. On the rotating frame of the mast is suspended eccentrically, which is thus also rotatable together with the Seilhubwerk. These double rotation possibilities in the area of the lifting device and the trolley should ensure that when the container is swung in and out underneath a contact wire of a catenary, the container does not lose its parallel orientation to a railway wagon to be loaded or unloaded.

In addition, the German utility model reveals DE 200 13 245 U1 a device for handling containers, which is designed in one embodiment as a half-portal crane. Also there is a vertically movable in lifting and lowering vertical and suspended from a trolley mast available. At the lower end of the mast, a horizontally and laterally cantilevered connecting arm is arranged, on which a load-receiving means for containers or loading units is suspended to settle laterally containers under a catenary of a catenary on a railroad car or to be able to receive. Again, the mast is connected via a rotating device with the crane trolley. Details of how the mast is raised or lowered, are not available.

From the patent US 3 247 974 A is a gantry crane with a crane trolley and a spreader frame known. The spreader frame is suspended by hoisting ropes on the crane trolley. In addition, between the crane trolley and the spreader frame a vertically telescoping mast with several telescopic shots is arranged, the task of which is to minimize oscillation and rotation of the spreader frame relative to the crane trolley. The mast is hinged to its lower telescopic section via horizontally oriented axes hinged to the.

The patent US Pat. No. 3,042,227 A also discloses a gantry crane with a spreader frame suspended by ropes on a crane trolley. In order to facilitate the picking and dispensing of containers by means of the spreader frame, the spreader frame is pivotally suspended transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spreader frame. For this purpose, a double lever is arranged in front and behind on the spreader frame, which is pivotable about a central, aligned in the longitudinal direction of the Spreaderrahmens horizontal axis. At the opposite ends of the double lever attack the ropes. Depending on the operating situation, the pivotability of the spreader frame about the pivot axis can be selectively blocked or released via hydraulic cylinders in the area of the spreader frame.

The present invention has for its object to optimize a bridge or gantry crane with a rigid boom for an envelope of standardized load carriers, especially ISO containers and swap bodies, between rail and road.

This object is achieved by a bridge or gantry crane with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 9.

According to the invention, in a bridge or gantry crane for the handling of standardized load carriers, in particular for the handling of ISO containers and swap bodies between road and rail, with a trolley movable along a crane girder in the trolley travel direction, on which a rigid and in a lifting and lowering extending mast is performed, the one-piece and not telescopic is as well as at least one arranged on the trolley hoist via ropes in the lifting and lowering direction is movable, at the lower end of a load-carrying means for standardized load carrier is rigidly fixed, the ropes of the attack at least one hoist on the load-receiving means, thereby achieving an improvement in that the at least two cables engage at opposite ends of a double arm in function of a rope length compensation element which is attached to the load receiving means about a substantially horizontal pivot axis. This results in a direct introduction of force between ropes and load-carrying means with a rope length compensation and the mast serves exclusively management tasks. This is understood in a preferred manner by a rigid mast a one-piece and non-telescoping mast. Also, this avoids that transmitted, for example, from a non-uniformity of the ropes on the rigid connection of the load-carrying means to the mast tension on the mast.

Advantageously, it is provided that the load-receiving means consists of a suspension frame and a spreader frame suspended therefrom, the suspension frame is rigidly attached to the lower end of the mast and attack the ropes on the hanger frame via the double arm.

In a preferred embodiment, the spreader frame and the suspension frame each have a rectangular cross-section, which extend with its longitudinal extent in crane travel direction and in the region of the corners of the suspension frame, the lower ends of a total of four cables are attached. As a result, a length compensation of the ropes is achieved at the same time stable connection of the cables to the hanger frame. In this preferred embodiment, it is provided that in the crane running direction, the front two cables and the rear two cables are attached to the opposite ends of a double arm, which is mounted in the center about a pivot axis extending in the crane traveling direction pivotally mounted on the suspension frame.

In order to enable an envelope of standardized load carriers, in particular for the handling of ISO containers and swap bodies, between road and rail and in this case below a contact wire of an electrified railway line, that the load receiving means arranged laterally offset from the mast is. Since the load-carrying means is rigidly suspended on the mast, a particularly stable guidance of the load-receiving means is achieved, although the load-receiving means projects laterally with respect to the mast.

Advantageously, it is provided that the load-receiving means is arranged offset by a lateral offset in the range of 500 mm to 1500 mm to the mast.

A particularly stable support of the mast in the range of the crane trolley is achieved in that the crane girder consists of a first carrier and a second carrier, on which Katz rails are arranged, on which the trolley is moved in Katzfahrtrichtung and the first carrier and the second carrier in the crane running at right angles to the trolley travel direction is spaced from each other.

The application possibilities of the bridge and prong crane are extended by the fact that the mast is rotatable relative to the crane trolley about a vertical axis of rotation.

• Figur 1 eine Ansicht einer Umschlaganlage mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Brücken- oder Portalkran in Ausgestaltung als Portalkran,
• Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht von Figur 1,
• Figur 3 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung von Figur 1 aus dem Bereich eines Lastaufnahmemittels,
• Figur 4 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung (teilweise im Schnitt) von Figur 1 aus dem Bereich einer Drehverbindung, und
• Figur 5 eine Draufsicht auf das Lastaufnahmemittel gemäß Figur 3.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described below. Show it:

• FIG. 1 a view of a transhipment installation with a bridge or gantry crane according to the invention in the form of a gantry crane,
• FIG. 2 a side view of FIG. 1 .
• FIG. 3 an excerpt from FIG. 1 from the range of a lifting device,
• FIG. 4 a partial enlargement (partly in section) of FIG. 1 from the field of a rotary joint, and
• FIG. 5 a plan view of the load-receiving means according to FIG. 3 ,

The FIG. 1 shows a view of a handling facility 1 for standardized carriers 2, such as ISO containers and swap bodies, between road and rail. The Transhipment facility 1 consists essentially of a transshipment area of rail 3, a transshipment area of road 4 and a bridge or gantry crane 5 designed as a gantry crane.

The cargo handling area rail 3 consists essentially of a first track section 3a and a second track section 3b parallel and spaced therefrom. A plurality of catenary masts 3c, which carry a catenary wire 3d respectively above the first and second track sections 3a, 3b, are arranged in a customary manner between those in the envelope region rail respectively straight first and second track sections 3a and 3b. On the first and second track sections 3 a and 3 b, two railway carriages 6 can be moved for the delivery and removal of the normalized load carriers.

Adjacent to the second track section 3b, the envelope area road 4 is arranged. In the present case, this envelope area road 4 essentially consists of supporting frames 4a on which the unloaded from the railway cars 6 normalized cargo carrier 2 can be parked for intermediate storage. From the charge carriers 2 then the normalized charge carriers 2 can be further loaded on trucks, not shown.

The cargo handling area rail 3 and the cargo handling area road 4 are each within the range of the bridge or gantry crane 5 spanning these two cargo handling areas 3 and 4.

This bridge or gantry crane 5 consists essentially of a along and the first and second track sections 3a, 3b on rails 7 in crane travel direction F (see FIG. 2 ) movable crane girder 8. The rails 7 are parallel to the track sections 3a, 3b. On the crane girder 8 is transverse to the direction of travel F of the crane girder 8 a trolley 9 in Katzfahrtrichtung K moved. On the trolley 9, a mast 10 is suspended, which is vertically and relative to the trolley 9 can be raised and lowered to receive 11 by means of a fixed at its lower end 10a lifting device 11 standardized charge carrier 2 and deliver. The load-bearing means 11 is divided into a suspension frame 11 a, which is fixedly secured to the lower end 10 a of the mast 10, and in a Spreaderrahmen 11 b, which is suspended on chains 11 c on the hanger frame 11 a. Of the Hanger frame 11a projects laterally outward with respect to the mast 10. Here, the rigid mast 10 is preferably formed in one piece and not telescopic. This rigid mast 10 thus provides a particularly stable guidance of the lifting device.

The crane girder 8 is supported at its opposite ends by right and left vertical supports 121 and 12r viewed in the crane traveling direction F. Overall, the bridge or gantry crane 5 seen in crane travel direction U-shaped and open at the bottom. The vertical supports 121 and 12r take at their upper ends the crane girder 8, at its opposite end portions and are movable at their lower ends on crane trolleys 13 on the rails 7 in crane travel direction F.

The trolley 9 consists essentially of a rectangular base frame 9a, in its four corners Katzfahrwerke 14 are arranged, which moved on the crane girder 12 arranged cat rails 15. In the base frame 9a of the trolley 9 is located in the central region an opening through which a rotary tube 16 is guided. The rotary tube 16 is supported at its upper end 16 a via a rotary joint 16 b on the base frame 9 a of the trolley 9 ab and is rotatable about the rotary joint 16 a about a vertical axis of rotation D. Within the rotary tube 16 of the mast 10 extends and is guided there.

The FIG. 2 shows a side view of FIG. 1 , It can be seen that the crane girder 8 is designed as a double girder with a first girder 8a and a second girder 8b, which, viewed in the crane running direction F, are arranged at a height level and at a distance one behind the other. Correspondingly, the left vertical support 12I and the right vertical support 12R seen in crane travel direction F are formed as double supports, which are connected to each other in the region of their lower end U-shaped via a base support 12a.

Also shows the FIG. 2 in that the first carrier 8a and the second carrier 8b each have a triangular cross section. This triangular cross section has the shape of an isosceles triangle, wherein the angle in the region of the tip 8c is about 30 °. In the area of the tip 8c of the first carrier 8a and of the second carrier 8b, in each case the cat rail 15 is fastened, on which the crane trolley 9 can be moved in the trolley travel direction K.

The FIG. 2 makes it particularly clear the pivot connection 16a and the rotary tube 16 recognize. To drive the rotary tube 16, a peripheral on its outer side gear ring 16d proceed, which is engaged with an electromotive rotary drive 16 e, which is supported on the base frame 9a. In order to move the mast 10 in the lifting and lowering direction H, a rectangular lifting frame 17 is rigidly attached to a lower end 16c of the rotary tube 11. On the lifting frame 17 of the trolley 9, a hoist 18 for the mast 10 is arranged. The hoist 18 has a first cable drum 18a and a second cable drum, not shown, which are mounted coaxially with each other and on a common Getriebe18b, which is driven by a drive motor 18c. From the first cable drum 18a, a first cable 19a and a second cable 19b run off. From the second cable drum 18b runs a third rope 19c and a fourth rope 19d. Correspondingly, there are four cables 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d, which run vertically downwards either directly from the first or second cable drum 18a, 18b or are guided horizontally to the opposite side of the mast 10 and there via a deflection roller 20 with a horizontal axis of rotation to be deflected vertically downwards by 90 °. The ends of the cables 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d are connected to suspension frames 11a.

Also shows the FIG. 2 in that a container-like container 21, in which the control and power electronics for the bridge or gantry crane 5 are arranged, is fastened to the outside of the second carrier 8b.

The FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1 from the area of the load-carrying means 11 and can be particularly well the rigid and central attachment of the suspension frame 11a at the lower end 10a of the mast 10 recognize. The suspension frame 11a has a substantially rectangular cross-section as seen in plan view. In the respective corners of the suspension frame 11a, the four cables 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d are struck. Usually, the Spreaderrahmen 11 b is suspended on chains 11 c on the hanger frame 11 a.

Also is from the FIG. 3 It can be seen that the suspension frame 11 a, which is fixedly connected to the lower end 10 a of the mast 10, is formed in the manner of a cantilever and projects laterally with respect to the axis of rotation D of the mast 10 and thus also laterally protrudes from the contour of the mast 10. With respect to the center line M, which runs through the center of the suspension points of the chains 11 c for the spreader frame 11 b, respectively in the longitudinal direction of the normalized load carrier 2, the suspension frame 11 a is offset by the offset V from that in the longitudinal direction of the mast 10 Rotary axis D is displaced laterally. The lateral offset V is in the range between 800 mm and 1500 mm. In the present embodiment, it is approximately at 1000 mm, since the trolley wire 3d has been fixed in the range of permissible tolerance inwards in the direction of the catenary mast 3c offset. There, however, the catenary wire 3d still remains safely accessible from the pantograph of a train.

Furthermore, the shows FIG. 3 another feature with respect to the articulation of the first cable 19a and the second cable 19b on the suspension frame 11a. This connection is made pivotable about a horizontally extending pivot axis S by means of a double arm 22. The arrangement of the first and second cables 19a, 19b on the double arm 22 on the suspension frame 11 a has the advantage that this causes synchronism fluctuations of the unwound and unwound ropes 19a, 19b , 19c, 19d and can not lead to tension in the hanger frame 11a or lifting frame 17. A second double arm 22 is provided at the opposite end of the suspension frame 11a corresponding to the third and fourth cables 19c and 19d. The pivot axes S of the first double arm and the second double arm 22 are aligned coaxially.

The FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail of the bridge or gantry crane 5 according to FIG. 1 From the section of the trolley 9. From this sectional view is particularly apparent that the mast 10 is guided in each case via lower guide elements 23a in the region of the lower end 16c of the rotary tube 16 and upper guide elements 23b in the region of the upper end 16b of the rotary tube 16. The lower and upper guide members 23a and 23b are formed as guide rollers which guide the mast 10 and each from four sides and opposite.

In the FIG. 5 is a plan view of the load-receiving means 11 according to FIG. 3 shown. For clarity, the mast 10 is not mounted, so that only centrally on the hanger frame 11a, a connection element in the form of a flange can be seen with screw holes. Correspondingly, the lower end 10 a of the mast 10 is also provided with a peripheral flange in order to screw the hanger frame 11 a rigidly to the lower end 10 a of the mast 10. On the basis of the shape of the connecting element 24, it can be seen that the mast 10 has a slightly elongated hexagonal cross-section.

In order to absorb the forces that arise from the laterally projecting suspension of Spreaderrahmens 11 b on the hanger frame 11 a, the hanger frame adjacent to the lower end 10 a of the mast 10 is formed as a solid plate-shaped or reinforced box-shaped structure, as seen in plan view substantially is rectangular, starting from the connecting element 24, the width of the suspension frame 11a following the stress decreases linearly towards the outside. In the region of the ends of the suspension frame 11 a two rectangular and box-like suspension arms 11 d are arranged, so that the suspension frame 11 a seen in plan looks a total of slightly u- or bifurcated. The suspension arms 11d extend at right angles away from the suspension frame 11a and at the end and the bottom thereof are the attachment points for the chains 11c for suspending the spreader frame 11b.

Furthermore, from the FIG. 5 It can be seen that the special design of the suspension frame 11a with its laterally projecting suspension arms 11d makes it possible for the spreader frame 11b to be laterally offset over the chains 11c by an offset V between the central longitudinal direction L of the spreader frame 11c and the axis of rotation D.

Also is from the FIG. 5 It can be seen that the two double arms 22 are each mounted in their middle about a pivot axis S tiltable on top of the hanger frame 11 a. The imaginary extensions of the pivot axes S intersect the axis of rotation D of the mast. At the respective opposite ends of the double arms 22, the first cable 19a, the second cable 19b, the third cable 19c and the fourth cable 19d are struck. The lifting forces of the hoist 18 are thus introduced centrally with respect to the axis of rotation D in the hanger frame 11a. Furthermore, it can be seen that the double arms 22 extend substantially parallel to the suspension arms 11d and thus the lifting forces of the hoist 18 directly in the range of chains 11 c, which carry the Spreaderrahmen 11 b, attack. Thus, the lifting forces almost directly with the exception of the lateral projection via the suspension arms 11 d introduced into the first to fourth cables 19 a to 19 d. With regard to the longitudinal direction L of the spreader frame 11b, the double arms 22 and the suspension arms 11d are at substantially the same height.

The description refers to a bridge or gantry crane 5, which is designed as a gantry crane. In principle, it is also possible to form the bridge or gantry crane 9, 9 'as a bridge crane with raised or elevated rails 7 or half gantry crane.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

handling facility

2

normalized charge carrier

3

Transhipment area rail

3a

first track

3b

second track

3c

Catenary pole

3d

Catenary wire

4

Cargo area road

4a

supporting frame

5

Bridge or gantry crane

6

Railroad car

7

rails

8th

crane carrier

8a

first carrier

8b

second carrier

8c

top

9

crab

9a

base frame

10

mast

10a

lower end of the mast

11

Load handling devices

11a

suspension frame

11b

Spreader frame

11c

Chain

11d

suspension arm

12a

base support

121

left vertical support

12r

right vertical support

13

crane trolleys

14

trolley traveling

15

Katz rails

16

rotary tube

16a

rotary joint

16b

top end

16c

lower end

16d

sprocket

16e

rotary drive

17

lifting frame

18

hoist

18a

first cable drum

18b

transmission

18c

drive motor

19a

first rope

19b

second rope

19c

third rope

19d

fourth rope

20

idler pulley

21

container

22

double arm

23a

lower guide elements

23b

upper guide elements

24

connecting element

D

vertical axis of rotation

F

Crane direction

H

Lifting and lowering direction

K

Katz direction

L

longitudinal direction

M

center line

S

swivel axis

V

offset

Claims (8)

1. Bridge or gantry crane for handling standardised freight holders, and particularly for moving ISO containers and swap bodies between road and rail, having a crane trolley able to be moved along a crane girder in the direction of travel of the trolley, on which trolley is guided a rigid mast extending in a raising and lowering direction, which mast is in one piece and is not telescopable and can be moved in the raising and lowering directions by means of cables by at least one lifting mechanism arranged on the crane trolley and to the bottom end of which mast is rigidly fastened a load picking-up means for standardised freight holders, the cables (19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) from the at least one lifting mechanism (18) engaging with the load picking-up means (11), characterised in that at least two cables (19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) are provided and the at least two cables (19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) engage with opposite ends of a two-arm lever (22) operating as a member compensating for cable lengths which is fastened to the load picking-up means (11) on a substantially horizontal axis of pivot (S).
2. Bridge or gantry crane according to claim 1, characterised in that the load picking-up means (11) comprises a suspension frame (11 a) and a spreader (11 b) suspended therefrom, the suspension frame (11a) is rigidly fastened to the bottom end (10a) of the mast (10), and the cables (19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) engage with the suspension frame (11 a) via the two-arm lever (22).
3. Bridge or gantry crane according to claim 2, characterised in that the spreader (11 b) and the suspension frame (11a) are each rectangular in cross-section, their longitudinal extent extends in the direction of travel (F) of the crane, and the bottom ends of a total of four cables (19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) are fastened in place in the region of the corners of the suspension frame (11a).
4. Bridge or gantry crane according to claim 3, characterised in that the two cables (19a, 19b) which are at the front in the direction of travel (F) of the crane, and the two cables (19c, 19d) which are at the rear in the direction of travel (F) of the crane (F) are fastened to the opposite ends of a two-arm lever (22) which is mounted at its centre on the suspension frame (11 a) to be pivotable on an axis of pivot (S) which extends in the direction of travel (F) of the crane.
5. Bridge or gantry crane according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the load picking-up means (11) is offset sideways from the mast (10).
6. Bridge or gantry crane according to claim 5, characterised in that the load picking-up means (11) is arranged to be offset from the mast (10) by a sideways offset ranging from 500 mm to 1500 mm.
7. Bridge or gantry crane according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the crane girder (8) comprises a first girder (8a) and a second girder (8b) on which are arranged trolley rails (15) on which the crane trolley (9) can be moved in the direction of travel (K) of the trolley, and the first girder (8a) and the second girder (8b) are spaced away from one another in the direction of travel (F) of the crane, which is at right angles to the direction of travel (K) of the trolley.
8. Bridge or gantry crane according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the mast (10) is rotatable relative to the crane trolley (9) on a vertical axis of rotation (D).

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