EP2356057B1 - Bridge crane or gantry crane comprising a revolving arrangement and lifting frames suspended thereunder - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a bridge or gantry crane for the handling of standardized load carriers, in particular for the handling of ISO containers in the harbor area, with a trolley movable along a crane girder in Katzfahrtrichtung, on a rigid and extending in a lifting and lowering mast is guided, which is arranged on at least one arranged on the trolley hoist via cables in lifting and lowering direction, at the lower end of a load-receiving means for standardized load carrier is attached, wherein the mast is rotatably suspended about a longitudinal axis extending in its longitudinal axis on the trolley and wherein a lifting frame is suspended on the crane trolley via a rotary arrangement, which carries the at least one hoisting gear and the rotary arrangement consists essentially of a rotary tube with an upper end and a lower end.

From the European patent EP 1 365 984 B1 is a bridge crane for stacking containers, in particular of ISO containers, known, the container inside a container terminal in a storage area and outsourced from this. The bridge crane has a crane girder, which spans a substantially cuboid-shaped bearing area of widthwise. On the crane girder and along the longitudinal direction of a crane trolley in the width direction of the storage area is movable. The crane girder can be moved on trolleys on rails in the crane travel direction and thus transversely to the crane trolley on the crane girder and in the longitudinal direction of the storage area. In order to handle the container, a mast is arranged on the trolley, which is guided in the vertical direction and can be raised or lowered. The mast is designed as a box girder and hoists are arranged on the crane trolley for the lifting and lowering movement of the mast. At the bottom and in the direction of the container to be handled end of the mast a load-handling means for containers, in particular a so-called spreader, hinged. The load handler is connected by cables to the hoists on the crane trolley. The mast is not directly driven in lifting and lowering direction but only indirectly via the acting on the load-carrying ropes. The use of a rigid mast between the trolley and the load-carrying means has the advantage that a pendulum-poor handling of the container in contrast to also used and suspended solely on ropes lifting equipment is possible.

From the German Auslegeschrift DE 29 11 938 B2 A crane system for the handling of containers in railway traffic is already known. This crane system is designed as a gantry crane, which in the usual way has a horizontally extending bridge girder on which a trolley is movable. This trolley carries a columnar mast which is vertically movable in a lifting and lowering direction. At the lower end of the mast, a load-carrying means for the container is attached. In order to rotate the load-carrying means and the mast about a vertical axis, the mast is eccentrically guided in the region of its upper end to an annular intermediate frame in which a central hoist is arranged, which is connected by ropes to the mast. The annular intermediate frame is movable in the direction of rotation via running gears on an annular rail, which is arranged on the trolley, and can thus rotate the mast, including the load-carrying means for the containers arranged thereon, about a vertical axis.

Furthermore, already in the German utility model DE 200 13 245 U1 a device for the handling of containers in railway traffic known, which is constructed in the manner of a column swivel crane. Correspondingly, this device has a vertical pedestal, at the upper end about a vertical axis pivotally a horizontally extending and cantilevered boom is arranged. At the end of the boom facing away from the pillar, a crane boom for a trolley traveling along it is suspended by means of a slewing gear with a vertical axis. This trolley carries a hoist and two vertically downwardly extending masts on which a lifting with the help of the hoist in lifting and lowering direction along movable. At the lower end of the carriage there is a load handling device for the containers.

Furthermore, from the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 27 52 212 A1 a reloading device for containers in railway traffic known, which is designed substantially as a gantry crane with a trolley. On the trolley, a lifting device for the containers is suspended via a vertical column. The non-raisable and lowerable column is supported by a rotating device at its upper end on the trolley and can thus be rotated about its vertical axis of rotation. Furthermore, the load-carrying means is suspended by hoists to a small extent in the lifting and lowering movable to the lower end of the mast.

In the patent US 3 247 974 a gantry crane with a crane trolley is described. For receiving containers, a load handling device is suspended on hoist cables on the crane trolley, which can be raised and lowered by means of a hoist. The crane trolley also comprises a frame-shaped rotating assembly, which carries the hoist and over which the load-receiving means is pivotable. In order to minimize oscillations of the lifting device, a vertically telescoping mast with a plurality of telescopic sections is additionally arranged between the hoist and the load receiving means, which is also rotatably suspended via the rotary assembly and about an axis of rotation extending in its longitudinal direction.

The present invention has for its object to optimize a bridge or gantry crane with a rigid boom for an envelope of normalized charge carriers, in particular ISO containers in port handling.

This object is achieved by a bridge or gantry crane with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 6.

According to the invention a bridge or gantry crane for the handling of standardized cargo carriers, in particular for the handling of ISO containers in the harbor area, with a along a crane carrier in Katzfahrtrichtung movable trolley on which a rigid and extending in a lifting and lowering mast out is, which is arranged on at least one arranged on the trolley hoist via cables in lifting and lowering, at the lower end of a load-carrying means for standardized load carrier is attached, wherein the mast is rotatably suspended about a longitudinal axis extending in its longitudinal axis of the trolley Optimization of the application possibilities achieved in that is suspended by a rotating assembly on the trolley of the lifting frame, which carries the at least one hoist, the rotary assembly consists essentially of a rotary tube with an upper end and a lower end, the rotary tube with its upper end a Dr ehverbindung rests on the trolley, that at the lower end of the rotary tube of the lifting frame is fixed and that in the rotary tube and coaxial with the rotary tube of the mast is guided and lowered. This is it It is possible to align standardized load carriers in any angular position within a transhipment facility, depending on requirements, in order to facilitate onward transport. The creation of a lifting frame next to the trolley divides their functions among each other. The attachment of the lifting frame at the lower end of the rotary tube leads to a stable unit of ropes, hoist and mast and makes this in itself as a swivel. By this arrangement is also achieved that a rotation of the mast can be made together with the load-receiving means relative to the trolley.

The fact that the lifting frame is arranged below the crane girder, it is achieved that the lifting frame can be pivoted under the crane girder through and the pivoting angle is not hindered by the crane girder.

A particularly stable support of the mast and the rotating device is achieved in that the crane girder consists of a first carrier and a second carrier, on which Katz rails are arranged, on which the trolley is moved in Katzfahrtrichtung, the first carrier and the second carrier in the perpendicular to the Katzfahrtrichtung running crane travel direction is spaced apart and the mast between the first carrier and the second carrier extends.

A direct introduction of the lifting forces in the load-carrying means is achieved in that the ropes of the lifting gear on the load-receiving means attack. The mast takes over the management tasks.

A particularly stable suspension of the lifting device is achieved in that at least four cables are provided, the ends of which act in the region of the corners of the substantially rectangular load-bearing means.

Advantageously, it is provided that the load-receiving means consists of a suspension frame and a spreader frame suspended therefrom, the suspension frame is hinged or rigidly attached to the lower end of the mast and attack the ropes on the hanger frame.

• Figur 1 einen Übersichtsplan einer Umschlaganlage für ISO-Container in einem Hafenbereich,
• Figur 2 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung von Figur 1 aus dem Bereich eines Be- und Entladebereichs eines Containerlagers der Umschlaganlage,
• Figur 3 eine Ansicht einer Umschlaganlage mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Brücken - oder Portalkran in Ausgestaltung als Portalkran im Bereich eines landseitigen Be- und Entladebereichs,
• Figur 4 eine Ansicht einer Umschlaganlage mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Brücken - oder Portalkran in Ausgestaltung als Portalkran im Bereich eines seeseitigen Be- und Entladebereichs,
• Figur 5 eine Seitenansicht von Figur 3,
• Figur 6 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung (teilweise im Schnitt) von Figur 3 aus dem Bereich einer Führung eines Mastes und
• Figur 7 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung von Figur 3 aus dem Bereich einer Drehverbindung.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will described below. Show it:

• FIG. 1 an overview of a handling facility for ISO containers in a port area,
• FIG. 2 an excerpt from FIG. 1 from the area of a loading and unloading area of a container warehouse of the transhipment facility,
• FIG. 3 a view of a transhipment installation with a bridge or gantry crane according to the invention in the form of a gantry crane in the region of an onshore loading and unloading area,
• FIG. 4 a view of a transhipment installation with a bridge or gantry crane according to the invention in the form of a gantry crane in the region of a sea-side loading and unloading area,
• FIG. 5 a side view of FIG. 3 .
• FIG. 6 a partial enlargement (partly in section) of FIG. 3 from the area of a guide of a mast and
• FIG. 7 an excerpt from FIG. 3 out of the range of a rotary joint.

The FIG. 1 shows an overview of a transshipment 1 in a port area in which containers 2, in particular ISO containers, are handled. The overview map shows only a part of the transhipment installation 1, but reveals its essential components. The handling installation 1 consists of a land-side transshipment area 3, a container storage 4 and a sea-side transshipment area 5.

The land-side cover area 3 adjoins a landseitiges end 4a of the container storage 4 and has a subsequent loading and unloading area 6 with a plurality of juxtaposed spaces 7 for loading and unloading trucks 8. In the loading and unloading area 6 a parked on one of the parking spaces 7 truck 8 by a working in the container storage 4 bridge or gantry crane 9 loading or unloading.

The container storage 4 consists of a plurality of parallel side-by-side and line-like arranged container storage areas 4c, which each at its land-side end 4a a loading and unloading area 6 and 4b is assigned at its sea-side end of a storage and retrieval area 10. Each container storage area 4c is assigned one or more bridge or gantry cranes 9, which can be moved along the container storage areas 4c in the crane traveling direction F on rails 11. From the bridge or gantry crane 9, the containers 2 are transported between the container storage area 4c and the loading and unloading area 6 or the storage and retrieval area 10. Each container storage area 4c has, in addition to the one or more bridge or gantry cranes 9, a storage area 4d for the containers 2. The storage area 4d has a rectangular base area on which the containers 2 are arranged in columns and rows. Here, up to five containers 2 are stored stacked on top of each other. The parked containers 2 are aligned with their longitudinal extent substantially parallel to the rails 11 and thus in crane travel direction F of the bridge or gantry cranes 9. This orientation of the container 2 can also be found in the loading and unloading area 6 with the arriving and departing trucks 7, so that the bridge or gantry cranes 9 in addition to any necessary alignment corrections, the container 2 do not have to pivot during recording and delivery. At the seaward end 4b of the container storage 4, the containers 2 are parked by the bridge or gantry crane 9 in the storage and retrieval area 10 or taken from there. The storage and retrieval area 10 serves as an interface to the seaward cargo area 5 and has a plurality of juxtaposed supporting frames 7a for container 2, can enter into the driverless transport vehicles 15 with an unrecognizable lifting table to accommodate the stored there intermediate container 2 or park there. It is also possible that the container 2 are received directly by means of the bridge or gantry crane 9 of the platform or parked there. Then no supporting frames 7a are present and the driverless transport vehicles 15 have no lifting tables.

The FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the FIG. 1 from the field Be - and unloading area 6 and a part of an adjacent container storage area 4c. It can be seen that in each loading and unloading area 6 several parking spaces 7 for trucks 8 are arranged side by side and with the smallest possible distance from each other. Furthermore, from the FIG. 2 the closer structure of the bridge or gantry crane 9 can be seen. There are two bridge or gantry cranes 9 shown on common rails 11. This bridge or gantry crane 9 consists essentially of a along the side next to the storage areas 4d of the respective container storage area 4c arranged rails 11 in Kranfahrtrichtung F traveling crane carrier 12, on the transverse direction of travel F of the crane girder 12 a crane trolley 13 in Katzfahrtrichtung K is movable. On the trolley 13, a mast 14 is arranged and guided vertically and relative to the trolley 13 raised and lowered, by means of a at its lower end 14 a, (see FIG. 3 ) attached load-receiving means 17, preferably a spreader frame, container 2 and deliver.

In order to rotate the container 2 by 180 degrees about a vertical axis, the bridge and gantry crane 9 is equipped with a rotating device 16. With the turning device 16, the orientation of the container 2 can be changed over the bridge and gantry crane 9 so that the doors of the container 2 arranged only on one side at a longitudinal end of the container 2 point in the desired direction. It can thereby be avoided that the transport vehicles 15 have to make the time-consuming turning of the container 2. Also, the rotating device 16 may be used to park the containers 2 at an angle of, for example, 30 degrees to the crane travel direction K on the trucks 7 and / or the transport vehicles 15 when the parking spaces 7 and / or the supporting frames 7a are arranged at an angle to the crane traveling direction K. are.

The FIG. 3 shows a view of a transhipment facility with a bridge or gantry crane according to the invention in design as a gantry crane. It can be seen that the load-carrying means 17 is divided into a suspension frame 17a, which is gimbals or fixedly attached to a lower end 14a of the mast 14, and in a Spreaderrahmen 17b, which is suspended by chains 17c on the suspension frame 17a.

Furthermore, the crane girder 12 at its opposite ends via in Crane direction F seen supported right and left vertical supports 18l and 18r. Overall, the bridge or gantry crane 5 seen in crane travel direction U-shaped and open at the bottom. The vertical supports 18l and 18r receive at their upper ends the crane girder 12, at its opposite end portions and are movable at their lower ends via crane trolleys 19 on the rails 11 in the crane running direction F.

The trolley 13 consists essentially of a rectangular base frame 13a, in its four corners Katzfahrwerke 21 are arranged, which moved on the crane girder 12 arranged cat rails 20. In the base frame 13a of the trolley 13 is located in the central region an opening for a rotating device 16 for the mast 14. The rotating device 16 consists essentially of a rotary tube 16a, which is guided through the opening in the vertical direction. The rotary tube 16 a is supported at its upper end 16 b via a rotary joint 16 c on the base frame 13 a of the trolley 13 and is rotatable about the rotary joint 16 c about a vertical axis of rotation D. Within the rotary tube 16 a of the mast 14 extends and is guided there.

The FIG. 4 shows a side view of FIG. 3 , It can be seen that the crane girder 12 is designed as a double girder with a first girder 12a and a second girder 12b, which, viewed in the crane running direction F, are arranged at a height level and at a distance one behind the other. Correspondingly, the left vertical support 18l and the right vertical support 18r seen in crane running direction F are formed as double supports, which are connected to each other in the region of their lower end U-shaped via a base support 18a.

Also shows the FIG. 4 in that the first carrier 12a and the second carrier 12b each have a triangular cross section. This triangular cross section has the shape of an isosceles triangle, wherein the angle in the region of the tip 12c is about 30 °. In the area of the tip 12c of the first carrier 12a and the second carrier 12b, the cat rail 20 is fixed in each case, on which the crane trolley 13 can be moved in the trolley travel direction K.

The FIG. 4 makes the pivotal connection 16b and the rotary tube 16a clear. To drive the rotary tube 16a is a circumferential on its outside gear rim 16f proceed with an electric motor rotary drive 16 g is engaged, which is supported on the base frame 13 a. In order to move the mast 14 in the lifting and lowering direction H, a rectangular lifting frame 22 is rigidly attached to a lower end 16d of the rotary tube 16a. On the lifting frame 22 of the trolley 13, a hoist 23 for the mast 14 is arranged. The hoist 23 has a first cable drum 23a and a second cable drum, not shown, which are coaxial with each other and mounted on a common gear 23b, which is driven by a drive motor 23c. From the first cable drum 23a, a first cable 24a and a second cable 24b run off. From the second cable drum 23b, a third cable 24c and a fourth cable 24d run off. Correspondingly, there are four cables 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d, which run down either vertically from the first or second cable drum 23a, 23b vertically downwards or horizontally onto the opposite side of the mast 14 and there via a deflection roller 25 with a horizontal axis of rotation to be deflected vertically downwards by 90 °. The ends of the cables 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d are connected to suspension frames 17a.

Also shows the FIG. 4 in that a container-like container 26, in which the control and power electronics for the bridge or gantry crane 9 are arranged, is fastened to the outside of the second carrier 12b.

The FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail of the bridge or gantry crane 9 according to FIG. 1 From the section of the trolley 13. From this sectional view is particularly apparent that the mast 14 is guided in each case via lower guide elements 28a in the region of the lower end 16d of the rotary tube 16a and upper guide elements 28b in the region of the upper end 16c of the rotary tube 16a. The lower and upper guide members 28a and 28b are formed as guide rollers which guide the mast 14 and each from four sides and opposite. The mast 14 has an elongated hexagonal cross section for reasons of stability.

Furthermore, from the FIG. 5 clearly to see that the trolley 13 does not wear the hoists 23 as in the usual way, but this is a separate lifting frame 22 is provided which is rotatably suspended via a rotating device 16 on the trolley 13 with the trolleys 21. On the lifting frame 22 then the hoist 23 and associated pulleys 25 (see FIG. 4 ) arranged. this has the advantage that the lifting frame 22, the lifting mechanism 23 arranged thereon with the deflection rollers 25, the mast 14, the load receiving means 17 and the first to fourth cables 24a to 24d extending between the lifting frame 22 and the load receiving means 17 are jointly pivotable about the rotation axis D. , Thus, these parts form an inherently stable unit, which further excellently carries the load-receiving means 17 against lateral deflections.

The FIG. 6 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 5 It can be seen that the rotating device 16 in addition to the rotary tube 16a additionally has a circular tube-shaped support tube 29 which surrounds the rotary tube 16a coaxially and at a distance. This support tube 29 is supported on the base frame 13 a of the trolley 13. The support tube 29 serves with its upper end 29a as a support for a rotary joint 16b in the form of a roller bearing. On this rotary joint 16b then the rotary tube 16a is supported in the region of its upper end 16c, thereby a total of a stable connection of the trolley 13 is achieved with the lifting frame 22, with which the lateral guiding forces of the mast 14 can be accommodated.

The description refers to a bridge or gantry crane 9, which is designed as a gantry crane. In principle, it is also possible to form the bridge or gantry crane 9 as a bridge crane with raised or elevated rails 11 or half gantry crane. In addition, the embodiment is based on the ISO container handling in the port area. This bridge or gantry crane 9 is also suitable for the handling of standardized load carriers, such as ISO containers or swap bodies, between road and rail.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

handling facility

2

Container

3

land-side envelope area

4

container storage

4a

landside end

4b

seaward end

4c

Container storage area

4d

parking area

5

seaward cargo handling area

6

Loading and unloading area

7

parking space

7a

supporting frame

8th

Lorry

9

Bridge or gantry crane

10

Storage and retrieval area

11

rails

12

crane carrier

12a

first carrier

12b

second carrier

12c

top

13

crab

13a

base frame

14

first mast

14a

lower end of the mast

15

driverless transport vehicle

16

rotator

16a

rotary tube

16b

rotary joint

16c

top end

16d

lower end

16e

sprocket

16f

rotary drive

17

Load handling devices

17a

suspension frame

17b

Spreader frame

17c

Chain

18a

base support

18l

left vertical support

18r

right vertical support

19

crane trolleys

20

Katz rail

21

trolley traveling

22

lifting frame

23

hoist

23a

cable drum

23b

transmission

23c

drive motor

24a

first rope

24b

second rope

24c

third rope

24d

fourth rope

25

idler pulley

26

container

27

double arm

28a

lower guide elements

28b

upper guide elements

29

support tube

29a

upper end of the support tube

D

vertical axis of rotation

F

Crane direction

H

Lifting and lowering direction

K

Katz direction

Claims (6)

1. Bridge crane or gantry crane for handling standardised freight holders, and particularly for handling ISO containers in ports, having a crane trolley able to be moved along a crane girder in the direction of travel of the trolley, on which trolley is guided a rigid mast extending in a raising and lowering direction which can be moved in the raising and lowering directions by means of cables by at least one lifting mechanism arranged on the crane trolley and to the bottom end of which is fixed a load picking-up means for standardised freight holders, the mast (14) being suspended from the crane trolley (13) to be rotatable on an axis of rotation (D) extending in its longitudinal direction, and a raising frame (22) which carries the at least one lifting mechanism (23) being suspended from the crane trolley (13) by means of a rotator arrangement (16), and the rotator arrangement (16) comprising in essence a rotating tube (16a) having a top end (16c) and a bottom end (16d), characterised in that the rotating tube (16a) is supported on the crane trolley (13) by its top end (16c) via a rotating joint (16b), in that the raising frame (22) is fixed to the bottom end (16d) of the rotating tube (16a), and in that the mast (14) is guided in the rotary tube (16a), co-axially to the rotating tube (16a), such that it can be raised and lowered.
2. Bridge crane or gantry crane according to claim 1, characterised in that the raising frame (22) is arranged below the crane girder (12).
3. Bridge crane or gantry crane according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the crane girder (12) comprises a first girder (12a) and a second girder (12b) on which are arranged trolley rails (20) on which the crane trolley (13) can be moved in the direction of travel (K) of the trolley, the first girder (12a) and the second girder (12b) are spaced away from one another in the direction of travel (F) of the crane, which is at right angles to the direction of travel (K) of the trolley, and the mast (14) extends between the first girder (12a) and the second girder (12b).
4. Bridge crane or gantry crane according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the cables (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d) engage with the load-picking up means (17) from the lifting mechanism (23).
5. Bridge crane or gantry crane according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least four cables (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d) are provided whose ends engage in the region of the corners of the substantially rectangular load picking-up means (17).
6. Bridge crane or gantry crane according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the load picking-up means (17) comprises a suspension frame (17a) and a spreader (17b) suspended therefrom, the suspension frame (17a) is flexibly or rigidly connected to the bottom end (14a) of the mast (14), and the cables (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d) engage with the suspension frame (17a).

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