EP2351884B1 - Unterlagemodul für vorgefertigte Eisenbahnschienen, Schiene, Profil und Montageverfahren der Schienen - Google Patents

Unterlagemodul für vorgefertigte Eisenbahnschienen, Schiene, Profil und Montageverfahren der Schienen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2351884B1
EP2351884B1 EP20110305016 EP11305016A EP2351884B1 EP 2351884 B1 EP2351884 B1 EP 2351884B1 EP 20110305016 EP20110305016 EP 20110305016 EP 11305016 A EP11305016 A EP 11305016A EP 2351884 B1 EP2351884 B1 EP 2351884B1
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Prior art keywords
module
buckets
bucket
modules
track
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EP20110305016
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2351884A1 (de
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Patrick Montel
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Colas SA
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Colas SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/38—Longitudinal sleepers; Longitudinal sleepers integral or combined with tie-rods; Combined longitudinal and transverse sleepers; Layers of concrete supporting both rails

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated rail support module, a railway track comprising such modules, a prefabricated railway section and a method for mounting such a railroad track. It has applications in the field of civil engineering and more particularly for the construction of turfed railroad tracks, especially for urban tramway networks.
  • One of the aims of the present invention among others is to propose a means of making a railroad which, in the case of a surface turf, ensures more natural development conditions for the turf by avoiding subdivision of said track and allowing the surface grassed substrate to come into contact with the ground under the railway.
  • the invention relates to a railway track support module, the module having laterally with respect to the central axis of the track, two support elements of the two rails of the track and, in the transverse space between the two elements of the track. support, a transverse connection means connecting them, the support element being intended to receive a reinforced concrete sill having threaded rods and on which are placed anchoring saddles supporting the rail by bolting pads on the threaded rods which vertically pass through the saddles, said module allowing sodation on the surface of the railway.
  • the invention also relates to a track with two rails, grassed surface, as it comprises a set of modules according to one or more of the features described, said modules being contiguous and aligned together, each rail being placed and fixed on and in an armored concrete sill made by pouring concrete into the channel of the corresponding buckets in alignment, said modules being placed on a prepared floor and a planted grassy composition being spread on the track.
  • the invention also relates to a prefabricated railway section with two rails, of predetermined length, such that it comprises a set of modules according to one or more of the described features, said modules being aligned and joined together, two reinforced concrete sills made by pouring concrete into the aligned channels of the buckets, said sills further comprising threaded rods, anchor saddles and pads being arranged on the stringers, the rails being disposed on the saddles and being held by bolting the pads on the threaded rods.
  • prefabricated modules used to build rails carrying the railway, makes it possible to preserve between each track and between each track earth (ground on which the track is based) / ground (surface grassed substrate) contacts which allow a lightening of the structure and a better hold of the turf based on a substrate receiving the hygrometric exchanges.
  • ground surface grassed substrate
  • the invention by using prefabricated modules simplifies the realization of railways in urban areas where we know the disadvantages of a footprint too important and / or long on the urban domain.
  • the modules are relatively simple to achieve by molding concrete in a molds containing a reinforcement.
  • the invention also modifies the flow of water in the railway.
  • the presence of communication openings between the two faces / upper and lower spaces of the module can also be useful in the case where the soil is naturally draining because the water, for example rain, arriving from above the railway, can cross the latter and reach the ground where it is evacuated, unlike traditional devices in which there is a barrier opposing the flow of water through the railway (due for example to the implementation of a concrete slab or elements supporting and fixing the continuous rails without communication) and where it is then necessary to provide a specific drainage.
  • the railway track support module 1 which is a reinforced concrete monobloc element (the irons are schematically dotted thick on the Figure 1 ) prefabricated, comprises laterally with respect to the central axis of the track two elements called buckets 2 for support and fixing of the two rails of the track and in the transverse space between the two buckets a transverse connection means 3 connecting the two buckets 2.
  • the trough 2 is channel-shaped 20 open upwardly and laterally at its two axial ends (in the length of the rail of the track).
  • the channel 20 of the bucket 2 is thus limited laterally by two lateral internal faces 21 and a bottom 22.
  • the two lateral internal faces 21 of the bucket channel are inclined to form a global channel shape.
  • bucket dovetail in axial view, the bottom 22 of the channel of the bucket being wider than the upper opening up the channel 20 of the bucket 2. This form dovetail provides a better resistance to tearing of the sill which is made in the channel 20.
  • the two lateral internal faces 21 of the channel of the bucket are vertical.
  • the bucket further comprises orifices 4 (approximately 40 mm diameter) designed to allow the module to be gripped for handling.
  • the general shape of the external jig of the bucket 2 in axial view is substantially pyramidal truncated, the external lateral faces 23 of the bucket being substantially inclined (except in the lower part of the central part of the module on the Figure 1 ).
  • the general shape is parallelepipedal, the lateral external faces 23 being vertical.
  • the general external shape of module 1 in top view ( Figure 2 ) is generally rectangular and is more particularly adapted to a straight linear path, the modules perfectly fitting together along the path. It will be seen later that shapes with non-parallel axial edges are possible for curved paths.
  • the transverse connection means 3 here comprises two legs 31 axially separated by an opening 30 of communication. Jambs 31 are therefore extended between the two buckets 2 so that the transverse space comprises the opening 30 for communication between the two volumes defined above and below the module.
  • the two legs are at both axial ends (axis of the track) of the module.
  • the axial end edge 32 of the axial end leg of the module is in the same plane as the two axial faces 24 of the two buckets 2 of the same axial end of the module so that when the modules are joined together, there is there is no substantial discontinuity between the axial end edges 32 of two adjacent legs and between the two axial faces 24 of two adjacent buckets 2.
  • the elongated channel formed by the end-to-end splicing of the channels 20 of an assembly of contiguous and aligned modules is substantially continuous and has no discontinuity in the alignment of its internal lateral faces 21.
  • the fluid concrete that is poured into these aligned channels can not escape (subject to the presence of the intake ports 4).
  • the channel 20 of the bucket 2 is intended to receive a reinforced concrete sill 5 obtained by casting a fluid concrete and having threaded rods and on which is placed and fixed the corresponding rail 8 by bolting on the threaded rods and use of saddles and skates 9 as shown Figure 6 .
  • the sill comprises a rattle 6 reinforced concrete fixed in the channel by a concrete wedge 7 and on which is placed and fixed the corresponding rail 8.
  • the rail 8 is fixed to the sill or the rattle by bolting on threaded rods with the interposition of saddles and use of pads identified by the common reference numeral 9 in the figures.
  • Figure 4 a double grassed railway has been completed. It rests on a soil prepared to have sufficient lift. Networks 14, for example, electricity, signaling, watering ... have also been made. Drainage means 13 type agricultural drain D80 have also been made. The lower faces (bases) of the two buckets 2 and jambs 31 are in the same plane and the module therefore rests uniformly on the ground 10 forming the platform.
  • the soil is either a natural soil or a reported soil and in both cases is worked and on which a layer of adjustment can be deposited for leveling to +/- 1 cm.
  • a geotextile 15 placed on the ground surface is interposed between the ground and the modules. An adequate filling forming a filling layer 11 of height substantially corresponding to the height of a module has been performed. On this filling layer 11 is disposed the turf layer 12 arriving up to the upper level of the rails 8.
  • the typical height dimensions of the different layers of the track from the ground to the approximate dimension - 490 mm to the open air, grassed side, are: filling layer 300 mm, turf layer 170 mm, free height rail 20 mm above the turf layer. We understand that these dimensions are approximate and indicative, especially as the turf layer has a living element that develops.
  • Figure 5 we can see the layout side by side, in alignment, modules along the railway, in the absence of the filling layer and sodding.
  • the reinforcement of the sill is made over a length greater than the (axial) length of a module so that the same iron passes through several modules buckets.
  • a platform terraced and set with a depth of about 50 cm from the finished level of the rail prefabricated modules with buckets are placed in contact with each other, in alignment, to allow the formation of two alignments of bucket channels for the realization of two longitudinal parallel runners.
  • the rails equipped with rattles or saddles of maintenance are then positioned on the sills made inside these buckets and are adjusted in altimetry and planimetry in a conventional way using jigs and lifting rods.
  • a very plastic or fluid concrete is used to ensure the setting of the rails inside each of the buckets, thus constituting two cohesive stringers that will keep the rails in place.
  • reinforcement concrete reinforcement will be provided in the form of steel rods ligated together and adapted section.
  • rattles the latter are fixed in the channels of the buckets by the setting of the concrete which is poured therein.
  • a D2 gravel or grading of appropriate particle size with respect to the plant substrate to be implemented is performed on the banks of the platform, between the rails and between the tracks, forming the filling layer.
  • the spacing between the two traffic lanes is 3.4 m and can fall locally to 3.0 m.
  • the distance between the two rails is 1.435 m.
  • the longitudinal spacing of the blocks is 0.75 m.
  • the dimensioning of prefabricated modules and sill concrete is determined by calculation based on rolling stock data which must follow the track (axle loads, bogie spacings, rail / wheel contact, etc.). and tramway traffic conditions (speed, profile, curves, braking, etc.).
  • the platform consists of modules with two buckets and two jambs precast concrete inside which are placed the rattles supporting the rails. Blocks placed in the channels of the buckets are embedded in a concrete blocking. A reinforcement of the buckets, jambs and blochets is realized. For example, it is implemented reinforcement for reinforced concrete which are high-adhesion bars of FeE500 grade and with a minimum coating of 3 cm.
  • the realization of the railway with the modules of the invention requires that the platform on which the track rests be earthed, adjusted and stabilized at least 50 cm with respect to the running surface of the rail with a tolerance -1 / + 2 cm, or better +/- 1 cm.
  • This platform is the soil that is either original or reported according to the initial local characteristics of the land.
  • the lift of the platform must make it possible to obtain an EV2> 35 MPa.
  • this characteristic must be verified by a plate test on the platform or bottom of form.
  • the platform must be clean and free of roughness. If necessary and in order to overcome the possible bad weather that could degrade the lift of the bottom of form, a surface treatment by gravelling and application of an emulsion layer may be recommended. Similarly, in case of unevenness of the bottom of form, a thin layer of sand or aggregates screened with reduced granulosities (0/8 mm) may be arranged and properly regaled before laying the modules.
  • the rails are delivered to the site by extensible trailer trucks, with 22 rails of 18 ml per truck. They are unloaded using a digger equipped with a rail clamp. If necessary, the rails are slung to limit their range of motion. The rails are distributed along the platform, on each side of the future track. In another embodiment, the rails are brought to the site after the introduction of the modules.
  • Bucket and leg modules are then delivered by semi-trailer trucks directly from their manufacturing site or from a storage near the site. Packed on timbers, the buckets are unloaded using a digger equipped with forks or using a forklift. They are arranged directly edge to edge, aligned for continuity bucket channels, on the platform, along track alignment marks previously set up by the surveyors.
  • the rails are positioned on wooden supports resting on the upper faces of the buckets. Insulating saddles equipped with an attachment system (Nabla®) are then mounted on the rails. Once the arming of the track has been achieved, an altimetric and planimetric adjustment system is then put in place on the rails (adjustment jigs) in order to allow positioning in X, Y, Z of the tracks. The rails are then welded by aluminothermie. The lining of the rails is done in a conventional way before the rails are wedged in the concrete of sills, in order to be able to access the runner of the rail and to ensure the best possible insulation.
  • the rails can be pre-assembled in the workshop with the already assembled saddles and the rail packing parts installed. placed and delivered on site directly by conventional means (semi-trailer trucks and excavators). On-site assembly is then particularly accelerated and the overall response time can be significantly shortened.
  • each of these sections comprises a set of modules aligned and joined together, two reinforced concrete sills made by pouring concrete in each of the two channels of the buckets, said sills further comprising threaded rods, saddles and pads being arranged on the sills , the rails being disposed on the saddles and being bolted with pads to the threaded rods for fixing.
  • the various possible networks can be installed in the many reserved areas.
  • the fine adjustment is carried out by the surveyors and once the tracks correctly positioned, they are wedged by pouring a concrete of suitable size (0-16), very plastic or self-placing if the geometry of the tracks allows it. Once the concrete has set, the adjustment equipment is removed and evacuated, and the cleaning and finishing work can be done.
  • a filling of all the voids of the platform can then be realized using a serious limestone, any coming of small particle size (0/10 for example) or earth plant weighted by a mixture of sand and pebbles (4-16 mm).
  • This backfill intended to form the filling layer 11 will then undergo compacting and will be regaled at least 20 cm approximately to reserve the rest of the structure for the laying of the substrate to be sodded and the sowing of the grass forming the turfed layer 12.
  • the modules are manufactured by conventional methods of molding concrete in molds containing a reinforcement.
  • a steel counterfoil or a lost piece of plastic for example which allows the re-entrant and which will be removed once the concrete is taken.
  • the reinforcement is extended both in the buckets and in the jambs.
  • a reinforcement is also set up in the channels of the buckets before fluid concrete is poured therein.
  • these discontinuities can be isolated by a band of reduced width disposed in the adjacent ends of channels of two buckets of two adjacent modules and bridged over the discontinuity, the band may for example be flexible vulcanized rubber or a plastic clip conforming to the dovetail shape of the faces of the channel.
  • the cast concrete of the sill will not be in contact with the walls and bottom of the channel to the ends of said channel of a bucket for a given module.
  • such a flexible strip is arranged all along the channels in both linear and track sections, and thus the concrete of the sill is separated from the walls and bottoms of the channels of the buckets by the band which can be resilient, which can give an additional damping / flexibility / insulation effect in the track.
  • Another solution for the curved portions of the track is to implement modules which have a shape no longer with two faces of axial ends parallel to each other but which are convergent, seen from above the module then having an external shape. triangle with truncated vertex.
  • this solution for the continuity between the buckets channels is perfect requires the realization of modules whose angles of convergence of the axial end faces are perfectly adapted to the radius of curvature of the track. If this is not the case, there will be discontinuity and we find us in the case described above and the solutions presented can then be implemented to fill / isolate the discontinuities and prevent leakage of the fluid concrete during its casting for realization of the sill.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Modul (1) zur Unterlage (8) für Schienenwege, wobei das Modul seitlich in Bezug zur Mittelachse der Schiene zwei Unterlageelemente der zwei Schienen des Schienenwegs und im Querraum zwischen den zwei Unterlageelementen ein Querverbindungsmittel (3) umfasst, das sie verbindet, wobei das Unterlageelement dazu bestimmt ist, eine Längsschwelle (5) (6, 7) aus Stahlbeton aufzunehmen, die Gewindestangen umfasst, und auf der Verankerungsunterlagplatten verlegt sind, die die Schiene durch Bolzenverbindung von Füßen an den Gewindestangen stützen, die die Unterlagplatten vertikal durchqueren, wobei das Modul eine Begrünung des Schienenwegs an der Oberfläche ermöglicht,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Modul aus vorgefertigtem Stahlbeton aus einem Stück ist,
    und dadurch, dass jedes Unterlageelement eine Zelle (2) mit der Form eines nach oben und seitlich an seinen zwei axialen Enden entlang der Achse der Schiene des Schienenwegs offenen Kanals (20) ist,
    und dadurch, dass das Querverbindungsmittel mindestens zwei axial getrennte und zwischen den zwei Zellen lang gestreckte Einfassungen (31) umfasst, damit der Querraum mindestens eine Öffnung (30) zur Verbindung zwischen den zwei Volumen umfasst, die über und unter dem Modul abgegrenzt sind,
    und dadurch, dass die Basen der zwei Zellen (2) und die Einfassungen (31) des Moduls sich in einer selben Ebene befinden,
    und dadurch, dass die zwei axialen Endflächen (24) der zwei Zellen an einem selben axialen Ende des Moduls vertikal sind und in einer selben Ebene liegen, damit, wenn die Module bei der Ausrichtung aneinander angefügt werden, keine wesentliche Unterbrechung zwischen den seitlichen Innenflächen (21) der Kanäle (20) von ausgerichteten Zellen vorhanden sind.
  2. Modul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Einfassung (31) sich zwischen den zwei Zellen (2) an jedem der zwei axialen Enden des Moduls erstreckt, damit das Querverbindungsmittel eine Öffnung (30) an seinem mittleren Abschnitt zur Verbindung zwischen den zwei über und unter dem Modul abgegrenzten Volumen umfasst.
  3. Modul nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rand des axialen Endes (32) der Einfassung des axialen Endes des Moduls sich in derselben Ebene wie die zwei axialen Seiten (24) der zwei Zellen desselben axialen Endes des Moduls befinden, damit, wenn die Module aneinander angefügt werden, keine wesentliche Unterbrechung zwischen den axialen Endrändern von zwei angefügten Einfassungen vorhanden ist.
  4. Modul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei seitlichen Innenflächen (21) des Kanals (20) der Zelle (2) in der Form eines Schwalbenschwanzes geneigt sind, wobei der Boden (22) des Kanals der Zelle breiter ist als die obere Öffnung des Kanals der Zelle nach oben.
  5. Modul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei seitlichen Außenflächen (23) der Zelle geneigt sind, wobei die Basis der Zelle breiter ist als die Spitze der Zelle oben, wobei die Zelle ein Außenmaß aufweist, das im Querschnitt im Wesentlichen die Form einer stumpfen Pyramide aufweist.
  6. Modul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe der Zelle (2) größer ist als die Höhe der Einfassung (31).
  7. Modul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Längsschwelle entweder (5) aus dem Schütten von Flüssigbeton in den gesamten Kanal der Zelle oder aus der Einrichtung von Stemmkloben (6) als Unterlage und zur Befestigung der Schienen in den Kanälen der Zellen resultieren, wobei die Stemmkloben durch einen Verkeilungsbeton (7) in den Kanälen gehalten werden.
  8. Schienenweg mit zwei Schienen, der auf der Oberfläche begrünt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Baugruppe von Modulen (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche umfasst, wobei die Module aneinander angefügt und ausgerichtet sind, wobei jede Schiene (8) auf und in einer Längsschwelle (5) (6, 7) aus Stahlbeton verlegt und befestigt ist, die durch Schütten von Beton in den Kanal (20) der entsprechenden Zellen (2) in der Ausrichtung ausgeführt wird, wobei die Module auf einem vorbereiteten Boden (10) verlegt werden und eine begrünte vegetative Zusammensetzung (12) auf der Schiene verteilt wird.
  9. Vorgefertigtes Profil für Schienenwege mit zwei Schienen (8) mit bestimmter Länge, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Baugruppe von Modulen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, die ausgerichtet und aneinander angefügt sind, zwei Längsschwellen (5) (6, 7) aus Stahlbeton umfasst, die durch Schütten von Beton in die ausgerichteten Kanäle (20) der Zellen (2) ausgeführt sind, wobei die Längsschwellen ferner Gewindestangen, Verankerungsunterlagplatten und Füße (9) umfassen, die auf den Längsschwellen angeordnet sind, wobei die Schienen auf den Unterlagplatten angeordnet sind und durch Bolzenverbindung der Füße auf den Gewindestangen gehalten werden.
  10. Verfahren zum Montieren eines Schienenwegs mit zwei Schienen, der auf der Oberfläche begrünt ist, gekennzeichnet durch:
    - Vorbereiten eines Bodens (10) zum Erhalten einer tragenden Fläche,
    - Unterbringen einer Seite-an-Seite-Ausrichtung von Modulen (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, auf dem vorbereiteten Boden,
    - Einrichten einer Bewehrung in den Kanälen (20) der Zellen (2) der Module,
    - Einrichten von Gewindestangen, Unterlagplatten, Füßen (9) und Schienen (8),
    - Positionieren der Schienen entlang der ausgerichteten Kanäle der Zellen,
    - Schütten eines Flüssigbetons in die Kanäle der Zellen der Module, um die Längsschwellen (5) (6, 7) zu erhalten, die in den Zellen angeordnet sind und die Gewindestangen abbinden.
EP20110305016 2010-01-08 2011-01-07 Unterlagemodul für vorgefertigte Eisenbahnschienen, Schiene, Profil und Montageverfahren der Schienen Active EP2351884B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1050111A FR2955124B1 (fr) 2010-01-08 2010-01-08 Module support de voie ferree prefabrique, voie ferree, section et procede de montage des voies ferrees

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2351884A1 EP2351884A1 (de) 2011-08-03
EP2351884B1 true EP2351884B1 (de) 2015-02-18

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3013062B1 (fr) * 2013-11-08 2016-01-15 Eiffage Rail Structure support en beton arme pour voie ferree et procede d'obtention
CN105160984B (zh) * 2015-10-29 2017-09-08 大连大学 开槽明挖法管道施工测量教学模型
FR3067045B1 (fr) * 2017-06-01 2019-07-26 Alstom Transport Technologies Procede de fabrication d'un support de voie ferree, support de voie ferree et installation ferroviaire associes
CN111455739A (zh) * 2020-04-11 2020-07-28 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种组合式轨枕

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105160A (en) * 1977-05-10 1978-08-08 Ramer James Leroy Rail joint bar for non-uniform rails
ES2329506T3 (es) * 2005-06-20 2009-11-26 Manfred T. Kalivoda Procedimiento para montar un tramo de via para ferrocarriles y similares, asi como tramo de via montado segun este procedimiento.
FR2901814B1 (fr) * 2006-06-01 2012-10-12 Sateba Systeme Vagneux Ensemble pour passage a niveau
DE102007046249B4 (de) * 2007-09-26 2015-05-13 Edilon) (Sedra Gmbh Gleiskörper mit geklebten Trögen

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FR2955124B1 (fr) 2012-01-06
FR2955124A1 (fr) 2011-07-15
DK2351884T3 (en) 2015-05-26
EP2351884A1 (de) 2011-08-03

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