Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
  • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
  • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
  • H02K1/2746—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets arranged with the same polarity, e.g. consequent pole type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
  • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
  • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
  • H02K21/20—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having windings each turn of which co-operates only with poles of one polarity, e.g. homopolar machine
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
  • H02K2201/12—Transversal flux machines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a rotary machine with double homopolar type excitation.
• the invention is particularly intended to facilitate the passage of double excitation flow inside the electric machine.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application with synchronous electrical machines intended to be used with electric or hybrid type vehicles combining the use of a heat engine and an electric machine.
• Rotating electric machines with double excitation are known, such as those described in the French patent application published under the number FR-2846483.
• these machines 1 comprise a stator 3 and a rotor 5 spaced from one another by a functional air gap 6.
• the stator 3 comprises an annular laminated magnetic core 7 equipped with a stator winding 8 and annular windings 9, 10 generating an excitation double flux.
• the core 7 and the stator windings 8 and excitation 9, 10 are arranged in a solid magnetic ring 11 in contact with the outer surface of the core 7.
• This ring 11 comprises a flange 13, 14 at each end facing the rotor 5.
• the rotor 5 comprises a body 15 comprising permanent magnets 18 whose magnetic magnetization is oriented tangentially (perpendicularly to the radius of the rotor) and separated from each other by teeth 19 made of laminated sheets which channel the flux generated by the magnets 18 and route it to the gap 6.
• the rotor 5 further comprises two annular flanges 21, 22 positioned on either side of the body 15 each having portions peripherals defining, with the rims 13 and 14 radial end of the ring 11 of the stator return air gaps magnetic flux.
• the flanges 21 and 22 are connected to the teeth 19 alternately, each of the teeth 19 having one end facing the flange 21 and one end facing the flange 22.
• Such an arrangement thus allows the excitation windings 9, 10 to modulate the flux of the magnets 18 by the creation of a flux, said double excitation flux, which flows along the paths 24 and 25 along which it passes through the ring 11 of the stator, a rim 13, 14 of radial end, a flange 21, 22, the lamination 19 of the rotor first in an axial direction along the active length D of the machine then in a radial direction, then the magnetic core 7 of the stator to loop back with the crown 11.
• the invention proposes an electric machine structure making it possible at the same time to facilitate the circulation of the flow along the length D of the machine and to minimize the iron losses generated at the periphery of the rotor.
• the rotor is formed in particular by a central portion of solid magnetic material and an annular portion of laminated material located at the periphery of the solid portion.
• the rotor further comprises permanent magnets whose magnetization is oriented radially with respect to the axis of the rotor and spaced apart from one another so that the double excitation flux generated by the excitation windings can enter the rotor. by the flanges of the rotor and out through the spaces between the magnets, or vice versa.
• the invention thus relates to a rotary electric machine with double excitation of homopolar type, characterized in that it comprises:
• stator comprising a central core and two excitation coils positioned on either side of said core generating a double excitation flux
• a rotor comprising a solid central part having an isotropic magnetic behavior to facilitate the circulation of the double excitation flux along the axis of the rotor
• each permanent magnet occupies substantially half of a polar pitch. [016]. In one embodiment, the permanent magnets are installed at the periphery of the rotor to maximize the passage section of the double excitation flux in the massive central portion.
• the permanent magnets are recessed within the annular portion.
• the permanent magnets are attached to the periphery of the annular portion.
• the magnets are oriented geometrically longitudinally with respect to the axis of the rotor.
• the permanent magnets are each formed by a set of magnets having a U-shape.
• the stator further comprises a stator winding wound on the annular magnetic core, and at least one magnetic ring in contact with the outer surface of the annular magnetic core, said magnetic ring comprising at each end a radial end flange.
• the rotor further comprises two annular flanges of magnetic material disposed on either side of the central portion and coaxially along the axis of the rotor, these flanges each comprising an axial peripheral portion defining with the end flanges. radial rings of the magnetic flux return air gaps.
• Figure 1 (already described): a truncated perspective view of a electric double excitation machine according to the state of the art
• Figure 2 (already described): a perspective view of the machine of Figure 1, a flange of the rotor has been removed to show the direction of lamination of the rotor core;
• Figure 5 a graphical representation of the variation of the flow of the machine according to Figures 3 and 4 as a function of the electric angle for different power supply values of the excitation windings;
• Figures 6 schematic representations of the positioning variants of the permanent magnets of the rotor.
• FIGS. 3 and 4 show a homopolar-type double-excitation rotary electric machine 1.1 according to the invention comprising a stator 29 and a rotor 31 having an axis 33, this stator 29 and this rotor 31 being spaced apart from each other by a functional air gap 34.
• the stator 29 comprises an annular core 35 made of laminated magnetic sheet on either side of which annular coils 38, 39 of excitation are arranged.
• the currents flowing in these excitation windings 38, 39 are in the opposite direction.
• a stator winding 41 surrounded by the excitation windings 38, 39, is wound in a conventional manner on the core 35 which presents for this purpose an inner surface formed of teeth 42.
• the entire core 35 and coils 38, 39, 41 are housed in an outer magnetic ring 44 which is in contact with an outer surface of the magnetic core.
• This massive ring 44 includes end flanges 45, 46 facing towards the end of the rotor 31.
• the rotor 31 comprises two annular flanges 48, 49 made of solid magnetic material arranged coaxially along the axis 33. These flanges 48, 49 each comprise an axial peripheral portion defining, with the radial end flanges 45 and 46 of the ring 44 of FIGS. magnetic flux return air gaps.
• a central portion 51 of massive magnetic material is disposed between said flanges 48, 49 and coaxially along the axis 33 of the rotor 31. Due to its massive nature, the central portion 51 has an isotropic magnetic behavior, which allows to facilitate the circulation of the flow along the axis 33 of the rotor generated by the double excitation.
• the portion 51 has at its center an opening for receiving a shaft (not shown) on which the rotor 31 will be mounted.
• the rotor 31 also comprises an annular portion 53 of laminated magnetic material for limiting the losses iron.
• This annular portion 53 is installed around the portion 51, the laminated sheets 53.1 of the portion 53 preferably being oriented radially relative to the axis 33 of the rotor.
• the rotor 31 has a radius Re of approximately 125 mm; the annular portion 53 having a thickness of about 16mm, the overall length L of the machine 1 being about 100mm.
• Permanent magnets 54 having the same polarization generating a radial magnetic field with respect to the axis 33 of the rotor are installed inside the rotor 31.
• the magnets 54 extend geometrically according to the elongation of the machine 1.1 and generates a magnetic field indicated by the arrows 55 going from outside the rotor 31 Towards the center of the rotor 31.
• the direction of the magnetic field of these magnets 54 is reversed and goes from the center of the rotor 31 towards the outside of the rotor 31, as shown in FIG. 6a.
• the magnets 54 are installed at the periphery of the rotor 31 to maximize the passage section of the double excitation flux in the portion
• the magnets 54 are embedded within the annular portion 53 provided with housing for this purpose. These magnets 54 are spaced from each other by a magnetic space allowing the circulation of the double excitation flux inside the rotor 31 between the magnets 54.
• Magnetic space means a good conductor magnetic flux space constituted for example by a solid magnetic material and / or as here by a laminated magnetic material.
• each magnet 54 occupies substantially half of a polar pitch, a polar pitch being equal to the perimeter of the rotor 31 divided by the number p of pairs of poles.
• a polar pitch being equal to the perimeter of the rotor 31 divided by the number p of pairs of poles.
• the free angular space ⁇ 1 between two successive magnets 54 is substantially equal to the angular space ⁇ 2 occupied by a magnet 54, these angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 being equal to the product of the radius Re of the rotor 31 and the number ⁇ divided by the number p of pairs of poles of the machine 1.1.
• the magnets 54 are fixed, for example by gluing to the periphery of the annular portion 53.
• the magnets 54 are installed in the slot recess formed at the periphery of the annular portion 53.
• the magnets 54 are replaced by sets of permanent magnets 54.1 -54.3 each having a U shape.
• the resulting field of each of these sets of magnets is radial with respect to axis 33, the direction of this field going either from the center of the rotor 31 towards the outside of the rotor 31, or from the outside to the center of the rotor 31.
• the U-shaped configuration has the advantage of increasing the flux generated by the magnets 54; however, this increase in flow is obtained to the detriment of the space reserved for the massive part 51 (thus to the detriment of the circulation of the flow generated by the coils 38, 39 of double excitation).
• the flux generated by the double excitation coil 38 flows in a first magnetic circuit 56 in which the flow passes through the ring 44, the core 35, the functional air gap 34, the 53 annular portion between the magnets 54, the central portion 51, the flange 48, the flange 45 to loop on the ring 44, the direction of flow inside the circuit 56 being indicated by the arrow 56.1.
• the flux generated by the excitation winding 39 flows along a second magnetic circuit 58 in which the flow passes through the ring 44, the core 35, the functional air gap 34, the annular portion 53 between the magnets 54, the central portion 51, the flange 49, the rim 46 to loop back on the ring 44, the direction of flow inside the circuit 58 being indicated by the arrow 58.1.
• Figure 5 shows the evolution of the total observable flux for the machine 1.1 expressed in milliWebers (mWb) as a function of the electric angle ⁇ expressed in degrees.
• Curve 60 shows that, without double excitation flux, the permanent magnets 54 generate an alternating flux.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
• Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=40934000

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (10)

• 2008
  • 2008-11-10 FR FR0857636A patent/FR2938385B1/fr active Active
• 2009
  • 2009-11-09 WO PCT/FR2009/052152 patent/WO2010052439A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2009-11-09 EP EP09768162A patent/EP2345137A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-11-09 US US13/125,038 patent/US8441163B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-11-09 CN CN200980144926.5A patent/CN102210087B/zh active Active

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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