EP2319058A1 - Verfahren zur unterbrechungslosen umschaltung zwischen wicklungsanzapfungen eines stufentransformators - Google Patents
Verfahren zur unterbrechungslosen umschaltung zwischen wicklungsanzapfungen eines stufentransformatorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2319058A1 EP2319058A1 EP08801729A EP08801729A EP2319058A1 EP 2319058 A1 EP2319058 A1 EP 2319058A1 EP 08801729 A EP08801729 A EP 08801729A EP 08801729 A EP08801729 A EP 08801729A EP 2319058 A1 EP2319058 A1 EP 2319058A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- igbt
- tap
- switching
- load current
- load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
- H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
- H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for uninterrupted switching with semiconductor switching elements between winding taps of a tapped transformer.
- Such a method using semiconductor switching elements is known from WO 01/22447.
- the method described there works both with electrical switching means, the IGBTs, as well as mechanical contacts. It is designed in such a way that the actual load changeover takes place at the zero crossing of the load current with two IGBTs with diodes in Gritz connection. Necessary part of this known method is the detection and detection of the respective current zero crossing as a prerequisite for the initiation of load switching at this time.
- This method requires a specific adaptation of the tap changer to the respective tap transformer, which is to be connected.
- tapped transformer and tap changer are coordinated and act together electrically.
- This known method is therefore not suitable for use in a separate, universally applicable, not tailored to a specific transformer tap changer.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned above, which is simple in construction, has a high functionality and in which it is not necessary to have to switch only exactly at the zero crossing of the load current.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a corresponding method which in each case, i. H. without coordination to the concrete tapped transformer, which is to be wired, is functional.
- the inventive method is based on the general inventive idea, not varistors, as known from the prior art for a long time to use as components for overvoltage protection, but for commutation of the load current of the tap changer from one side to the other, ie from the previously switched Winding tap on the newly connected winding tap to use by appropriate process steps.
- the particularly dimensioned varistors connected in parallel with each IGBT exert a new function: after commutation of the impressed load current driven by the mains voltage from the disconnecting IGBT to the parallel-lying varistor (small commutation circuit), the varistor flowing through the load current builds according to its IU Characteristic a voltage which shows a relatively small dependence on the instantaneous value of the current and during the switching operation of the OLTC remains practically constant.
- the varistors are dimensioned such that the varistor voltage, which results when loaded with the peak value of the maximum current, still has a sufficient safety margin to the maximum blocking voltage of the IGBTs.
- the clamping voltage of the varistors (U Var at 1 mA) must be well above the peak value of the maximum step voltage so that the load current can commute from the disconnecting OLTC side over the step voltage to the side taking over the load current (large commutation circuit).
- the varistors in the context of the method according to the invention do not act as known from the prior art for reducing transient overvoltages.
- the varistors take over the following functions which are atypical of their type and which are not suggested by the prior art as part of the method:
- Switching off the off-switching side is done before the switch-on of the receiving side.
- the current flow time of the load current via one of the two varistors of the disconnecting side is extended accordingly.
- the switching-on of the receiving tap changer side takes place before the switch-off process of the switching-off side.
- both IGBT groups are closed so that the step voltage starts to build up a circulating current during this period.
- the di / dt of the forming circulating current depends on the instantaneous value of the step voltage in the overlapping period and on the circulating inductance of the circulating current.
- the circulation current is added to the load current on the switch-off side and leads to a gradual increase of the total current to be commented out (l L (t) + I c (t)) until the moment of the switch-off process. This leads to an increase in the commutation loss energy occurring at the disconnecting side and to an extension of the commutation process.
- the processes of the invention have a number of advantages over the prior art:
- the resistive / resistive energy absorption of the varistors produces an excellent damping of the current and voltage curves during the switching process as an important positive side effect.
- Disturbing oscillations which were expected in such rapid commutation processes (order of magnitude 10 microseconds) in connection with the winding capacitances and stray inductances of the step winding per se, can not be formed due to the strong damping effect of the varistors.
- This measure leads to a drastic reduction of the current load of IGBTs and varistors as well as the commutation loss energy and to a shortening of the commutation time.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a first method according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a particularly suitable for carrying out the method first
- Circuit with IGBTs and varistors connected in parallel to each IGBT 3 shows a further, modified circuit for carrying out the method
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a second, simplified method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a first method according to the invention.
- the method assumes that in a tap changer, in which is to be switched from a previous winding tap of a tapped transformer to a new Windungsanzapfung, two load branches are provided, which via a mechanical switch DS 3 , DS b and arranged in series therebetween two oppositely connected IGBTs I 3n , l ap ; Ibn, lb P each with a parallel diode d an , d ap ; d bn , d bp can be electrically connected to a common load dissipation and that parallel to each of said IGBT's a varistor V 3n , V ap ; V bn , V bp is switched.
- Each of the two load branches should be able to be bridged by a permanent main contact MC 3 or MC b .
- the mechanical switches DS 3 and DS b acting as release contacts are closed on both sides.
- ignition voltage is applied to the gates of the IGBTs I 3n , l ap of the turn-off side.
- IGBTs of the disconnecting side I 3n , l ap now receive a switch-off command, while the IGBTs of the side l bn to be switched on and l bp a turn-on command.
- the IGBTs I 3n and I ap turn off the off-switching side "hard.”
- the load current is now commutated to the varistors V 3n and V ap of the disconnecting side.
- the IGBT's l bn and l bp of the receiving side are switched to the non-conductive state.
- the last step in the process consists in the opening of the mechanical contacts DS 3 and DS b , which protect the IGBTs from the transient voltage stresses that can be effective at the step winding.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit which is particularly suitable for implementing the method according to FIG.
- Parallel to each IGBT is a diode d an , d ap ; d bn , d bp provided, wherein the two diodes are connected in each load branch opposite to each other.
- a varistor V an , V ap or V bn , V bp is provided in parallel with each individual IGBT.
- each bridging, permanent main contacts each side MC 3 or MC b are shown.
- the IGBTs of both sides I 3n , l ap ; 'Bn. lb P are driven by a common, only schematically illustrated, known from the prior art IGBT driver.
- the varistors V 3n , V ap and V bn , V bp are dimensioned such that their varistor voltage is less than the maximum blocking voltage of each parallel IGBT but greater than the maximum instantaneous value of the step voltage.
- the enable contacts DS a and DS b are closed.
- ignition voltage is applied to the gates of the IGBTs I 3n and I ap .
- a MC commutates the load current I L on the IGBT Group I to / l ap.
- these IGBTs receive a switch-off command and the IGBT group I bn / I b P simultaneously (at least in the standard case) a switch-on command.
- the voltage that builds up on the disconnecting IGBT is transferred to the parallel varistor. If after a few 100 ns the clamping voltage of the varistor is reached, the varistor begins to conduct and the voltage across the IGBT is divided into two components:
- the varistor is dimensioned so that the voltage of the load current-carrying varistor on the one hand below the max.
- the blocking voltage of the parallel IGBT is moved above or beyond the maximum instantaneous value of the step voltage.
- the excess of the instantaneous value of the varistor voltage over the instantaneous value of the step voltage causes the commutation of the load current with approximately constant di / dt from side A and a shifting over the step voltage and the leakage inductance of the step winding L ⁇ (large commutation) with the same di / dt (in this Case positive) on the side B.
- the varistor voltage remains constant in a first approximation. After about 10 ⁇ s, the entire load current from the current-carrying side A varistor is commutated over to the side B conductive IGBTs. As the current of side A approaches 0, the voltage on switch group A changes fundamentally:
- the main permanent contact MC b closes and shunts the IGBT group B. Subsequently, the IGBTs IbrAp are switched to the non-conducting state via the gate drive.
- the switching sequence ends with the opening of the mechanical release contacts DS 3 and DS b , which protect the IGBTs from the transient voltage stresses that can be effective at the tap winding.
- FIG. 3 shows a modified suitable circuit for carrying out the method according to claim 1, in which the two varistors of each side V 3n , V ap and V bn , V bp are combined to form a respective common varistor V 3 or V b are.
- the respective mechanical switch of each side DS 3 or DS b and the respective varistor of the associated side V 3 or V b also forms a series connection to the common load dissipation.
- FIG. 4 shows a further, modified method according to the invention, which starts from a simplification of the sequence and in which no mechanical switches are provided.
- the general inventive idea to use varistors for commutation of the load current is also realized in this method.
- This further method assumes that two load branches are provided with a tap changer in turn, each of the two load branches opposite to a series circuit of two serially connected IGBTs to l, l ap; l b n, Ibp, to each of which a diode d an , d ap ; d bn> d bp is switched.
- Parallel to each of the IGBTs I 3n , l ap; l bn , l bp is each a varistor V an , V ap ; V bn , V bp switched.
- these IGBTs receive a turn-off command, the IGBT's the turn-on side l bn, and l bp a turn-on command;
- the load current is commutated according to the invention to the varistors V 3n and V ap of the disconnecting side.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/007003 WO2010022751A1 (de) | 2008-08-27 | 2008-08-27 | Verfahren zur unterbrechungslosen umschaltung zwischen wicklungsanzapfungen eines stufentransformators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2319058A1 true EP2319058A1 (de) | 2011-05-11 |
| EP2319058B1 EP2319058B1 (de) | 2014-07-16 |
Family
ID=40546928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08801729.8A Not-in-force EP2319058B1 (de) | 2008-08-27 | 2008-08-27 | Verfahren zur unterbrechungslosen umschaltung zwischen wicklungsanzapfungen eines stufentransformators |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8289068B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2319058B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5599796B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101416787B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102077306B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2008361188B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0822730A2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2735031A1 (de) |
| UA (1) | UA97210C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010022751A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022017732A1 (de) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-27 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0822740A2 (pt) * | 2008-08-27 | 2015-06-23 | Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck | Comutador de derivação com elementos de comutação semi-condutores |
| KR101374968B1 (ko) * | 2009-08-31 | 2014-03-14 | 에이비비 테크놀로지 아게 | 과전압 보호를 위한 방법 및 디바이스, 이러한 디바이스를 가진 전기 시스템 |
| DE102010008973B4 (de) * | 2010-02-24 | 2015-11-05 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Stufenschalter des Hybridtyps mit Halbleiterschaltelementen |
| DE102010008972A1 (de) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, 93059 | Stufenschalter |
| CN102075007B (zh) * | 2011-01-19 | 2013-06-12 | 西安盟创电器有限公司 | 切换开关装置 |
| US9087635B2 (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2015-07-21 | General Electric Company | Load tap changer |
| US9570252B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2017-02-14 | General Electric Company | System and method for operating an on-load tap changer |
| US9557754B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 | 2017-01-31 | General Electric Company | Load tap changer |
| EP3226267B1 (de) * | 2014-11-25 | 2020-10-14 | Hai Wang | Spannungsregelungslaststufenschalter für einen transformator und schaltersteuerungsverfahren |
| DE102015102727A1 (de) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-08-25 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Ändern der aktiven Windungszahl einer Regelwicklung in einer elektrischen Anlage und elektrische Anlage mit einer Regelwicklung |
| US10608545B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2020-03-31 | Resilient Power Systems, LLC | Power management utilizing synchronous common coupling |
| WO2017062381A1 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | Resilient Power Systems, LLC | Power management utilizing synchronous common coupling |
| CN111835247B (zh) * | 2020-08-04 | 2024-05-14 | 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 | 电子式有载调压器及其分接头单元 |
| DE102020128463A1 (de) | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-05 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters |
| GB2628123A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2024-09-18 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Switch circuit and power arrangement |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1488366A1 (de) * | 1964-08-28 | 1969-04-03 | Siemens Ag | Steuerung von Stromtoren in Antiparallelschaltung |
| JPH0756612B2 (ja) * | 1985-04-23 | 1995-06-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 負荷時タツプ切換装置 |
| JPH0756612A (ja) * | 1993-08-11 | 1995-03-03 | Fanuc Ltd | 連続位置測定方式 |
| NL1000914C2 (nl) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-04 | Geb Zuid Holland West Nv | Werkwijze en inrichting voor continue instelling en regeling van een transformatoroverzetverhouding, alsmede transformator voorzien van een dergelijke inrichting. |
| SE9903392L (sv) * | 1999-09-20 | 2001-03-21 | Abb Ab | Elektrisk kopplingsanordning, förfarande för styrning av densamma och användning av kopplingsanordningen |
| DE10061563B4 (de) | 2000-12-06 | 2005-12-08 | RUBITEC Gesellschaft für Innovation und Technologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum mbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten von Leistungshalbleitern, insbesondere für ein drehzahlvariables Betreiben einer Asynchronmaschine, ein Betreiben einer Zündschaltung für Ottomotoren, sowie Schaltnetzteil |
| FR2873489B1 (fr) | 2004-07-20 | 2006-10-06 | Areva T & D Sa | Systeme de changement de prise de transformateur en charge |
| JP4682007B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力用半導体装置 |
| JP4496988B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-21 | 2010-07-07 | 株式会社デンソー | ゲート駆動回路 |
| CN2896468Y (zh) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-05-02 | 郑州大学 | 有级带载调压开关 |
| CN101816119B (zh) * | 2007-10-02 | 2013-04-03 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 栅极驱动电路 |
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| US7965126B2 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2011-06-21 | Transphorm Inc. | Bridge circuits and their components |
-
2008
- 2008-08-27 US US12/989,427 patent/US8289068B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-27 UA UAA201102191A patent/UA97210C2/ru unknown
- 2008-08-27 JP JP2011524192A patent/JP5599796B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-27 CA CA2735031A patent/CA2735031A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-27 KR KR1020107026292A patent/KR101416787B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-27 AU AU2008361188A patent/AU2008361188B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-08-27 BR BRPI0822730-6A patent/BRPI0822730A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-08-27 CN CN2008801300345A patent/CN102077306B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-27 EP EP08801729.8A patent/EP2319058B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-08-27 WO PCT/EP2008/007003 patent/WO2010022751A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010022751A1 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022017732A1 (de) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-27 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters |
| CN115735254A (zh) * | 2020-07-22 | 2023-03-03 | 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 | 有载分接开关和用于操纵有载分接开关的方法 |
| US12451299B2 (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2025-10-21 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | On-load tap changer and method for actuating an on-load tap changer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110102056A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
| CN102077306A (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
| UA97210C2 (ru) | 2012-01-10 |
| JP5599796B2 (ja) | 2014-10-01 |
| BRPI0822730A2 (pt) | 2015-07-14 |
| CN102077306B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
| EP2319058B1 (de) | 2014-07-16 |
| KR101416787B1 (ko) | 2014-07-08 |
| AU2008361188A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
| WO2010022751A1 (de) | 2010-03-04 |
| CA2735031A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
| HK1151130A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 |
| US8289068B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
| JP2012501070A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
| AU2008361188B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
| KR20110056260A (ko) | 2011-05-26 |
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