EP2316590B1 - Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées - Google Patents

Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2316590B1
EP2316590B1 EP09013567A EP09013567A EP2316590B1 EP 2316590 B1 EP2316590 B1 EP 2316590B1 EP 09013567 A EP09013567 A EP 09013567A EP 09013567 A EP09013567 A EP 09013567A EP 2316590 B1 EP2316590 B1 EP 2316590B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pattern
elongated
reliefs
length
major axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09013567A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2316590A1 (fr
Inventor
Constantin Catsaros
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELVAL Hellenic Aluminium Industry SA
Original Assignee
ELVAL Hellenic Aluminium Industry SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ELVAL Hellenic Aluminium Industry SA filed Critical ELVAL Hellenic Aluminium Industry SA
Priority to PL09013567T priority Critical patent/PL2316590T3/pl
Priority to EP09013567A priority patent/EP2316590B1/fr
Priority to DK09013567.4T priority patent/DK2316590T3/da
Priority to ES09013567T priority patent/ES2386509T3/es
Publication of EP2316590A1 publication Critical patent/EP2316590A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2316590B1 publication Critical patent/EP2316590B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • E04F11/112—Treads of metal or with an upper layer of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
    • B21H8/005—Embossing sheets or rolls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0871—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having an ornamental or specially shaped visible surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/12—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of metal or with an outer layer of metal or enameled metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/06—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of metal, whether or not in combination with other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02177—Floor elements for use at a specific location
    • E04F15/02188—Floor elements for use at a specific location for use in wet rooms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an embossed sheet with a repetitive pattern comprising a plurality of pattern units, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. DE-U-9411626 ).
  • the invention further relates to an engraved cylinder for embossing sheets, the cylinder comprising a cylinder surface having a repetitive pattern comprising a plurality of pattern units, according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • Embossed sheets with repetitive patterns are typically obtained by a final rolling pass performed on a metal sheet employing an engraved embossing cylinder having a cylinder surface which comprises the negative shapes of the reliefs desired for the embossed sheet.
  • Embossed sheets with repetitive patterns formed by raised reliefs projecting over an otherwise flat surface of a sheet may be used in a variety of applications. Industrial applications include using the sheets as flooring material in buildings, ships, or for commercial vehicles. Stairs for accessing air planes are often built using embossed sheets having enhanced slip-resistant surfaces. Scaffolding is another field of application where potential slip-and-fall hazard should be avoided. Embossed sheets may also be used for decoration purposes.
  • Standard EN:1386:2007 Numerous models of embossed sheets with a repetitive pattern are commercially available.
  • the most common patterns and their standard designations are shown in standard EN:1386:2007, or earlier versions, such as standard EN:1386:1996.
  • Those common patterns include the Diamond pattern, the Almond pattern, the Two bar (or Duett) pattern, the Five bar (or Quintett) pattern, the Barleyseed (or Barleycorn) pattern, and the Rice Grain pattern.
  • An example of a Rice Grain pattern is shown in international trademark no. 697 200.
  • Those patterns have in common a repetitive pattern comprising a plurality of pattern units, each pattern unit comprising one or more raised elongated reliefs, the pattern units including first pattern units having one or more first elongated reliefs having the major axis parallel to a first direction, and second pattern units having one or more second elongated reliefs having the major axis parallel to a second direction oriented traverse to the first direction, wherein a first pattern unit is surrounded by an even number of identical second pattern units.
  • the first and second directions are oriented perpendicular to each other, or the relative orientation deviates slightly from an exact orthogonal orientation.
  • each pattern unit comprises two or more reliefs of semi-ovoidal shape arranged in parallel, each pattern unit being surrounded by four identical pattern units oriented perpendicular to the central pattern.
  • the length and width of the reliefs as well as the pitch of the pattern and the proportion of engraved surface obey certain conditions.
  • a comparison with embossed sheets having a Barleycorn pattern with different dimensions indicate that the pattern with semi-ovoidal reliefs requires less force applied to the embossing cylinder during manufacturing, as well as improved flatness and a noise reduction determined in a noise test carried out by rolling a wheeled truck over the sheets.
  • embossed sheet having a structured surface with a repetitive pattern providing improved slip resistance.
  • the embossed sheets when used as flooring material, e.g. in commercial vehicles, such as refrigerated trucks, the embossed sheets shall generate only little noise when run over by fork lifts and other transportation devices, and the embossed sheets should be easy to clean.
  • an embossed sheet which is relatively easy to manufacture by rolling using an engraved cylinder with a complementary pattern of dishes on the cylinder surface.
  • the invention provides an embossed sheet comprising the features of claim 1. Further, the invention provides an engraved cylinder having the features of claim 11. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims. The wording of all the claims is incorporated into the description by reference.
  • the angle between the first direction and the second direction - which may also be referred to as "pattern angle" - deviates significantly, i.e. by at least 15°, from the exact orthogonal orientation (90° pattern angle) used in many prior art patterns.
  • prior art patterns show a deviation of the relative orientations of first and second directions from an orthogonal orientation, these deviations are relatively small such that those patterns may be characterized as having a near-perpendicular relative orientation.
  • the patterns according to the present invention have pattern angles clearly differing from a perpendicular or near-perpendicular orientation.
  • a number of advantageous physical properties of embossed sheets may be obtained, particularly with respect to anti-slippage properties and noise generation under dynamic load conditions.
  • the angle between the first direction and the second direction is between 66° and 74°, particularly at about 70°.
  • the pattern units have two or more raised elongated reliefs arranged in parallel.
  • a first class of embodiments is characterized by the fact that each pattern unit comprises two or more raised elongated reliefs arranged in parallel, and a first pattern unit is surrounded by four identical second pattern units. Considering the number of raised elongated reliefs per pattern unit these embodiments may be considered as "relatives" to the conventional Two Bar or Barleyseed or Five bar patterns, for example.
  • Such patterns may have three or four or five or more elongated reliefs arranged in parallel in a pattern unit.
  • a pattern unit has exactly two identical elongated reliefs, providing both an attractive appearance and desirable physical properties, such as improved slip resistance and low noise level.
  • a length offset which is at least 10% of the length of an elongated relief.
  • the length offset may be 15% or more, or 20% or more of the length of an elongated relief.
  • the reliefs are not arranged directly in a row, but laterally offset relative to each other such that a barrier formed by the mutually adjacent reliefs is wider than a barrier formed by a single relief.
  • a slip resistance in a direction perpendicular to the length direction may thereby be improved relative to prior art patterns without length offset between mutually adjacent elongated reliefs.
  • a lateral offset which is at least 10% of the width of an elongated relief.
  • the lateral offset may be more than 10%, for example at least 15% or at least 20% or at least 30% or at least 50% of the width of an elongated relief.
  • the significant deviation of the relative orientation of the first and second directions from an orthogonal relative orientation enables the relief structure on the embossed sheets to have a large variety of periodicity lengths in differing directions, which has been found to contribute to improve the anti-slipping properties of the structured surface and to lower the noise level generated e.g. when a wheeled vehicle, such as a fork lift, runs over the sheets.
  • the periodicity length of the repetitive pattern in the first or in the second direction is substantially greater than twice the length of the major axis of the elongated reliefs in the respective directions.
  • the periodicity length may be more than three or more than four or more than five times the length of the large axes, for example.
  • a periodicity length of the repetitive pattern along a bisecting line between the first and the second direction may be less than twice the length of the large axes.
  • the elongated reliefs have a lenticular shape, i.e. a shape corresponding to a cross-section through a biconvex lens.
  • a lenticular shape provides two pointed tips on both ends of the major axes.
  • a relatively sharp or slightly rounded arcuate ridge may be formed along the major axis, providing improved slip resistance in directions parallel to or at a small angle to the minor axis.
  • a lenticular shape of the relief or of a corresponding dish on the cylinder surface may be easier to manufacture by mechanical engraving than other shapes, such a semi-ovoidal shapes.
  • shapes other than lenticular are possible.
  • the shapes may include a semi-ovoidal shape, a diamond or lozenge shape, an almond shape and others.
  • the absolute dimensions of the pattern elements may vary. In many applications it has been found useful if the length of the reliefs along the major axis is between 8 mm and 10 mm. The width along the minor axis may be varied, for example between 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm. Those patterns are found to be sufficiently coarse to provide good slip resistance, low noise and good cleanability, and sufficiently fine to be manufactured in high quality. Reliefs may be shorter than 8 mm or longer than 10 mm, and/or reliefs may be wider than 3.5 mm or narrower than 2.5 mm in special fields of application.
  • Embossed sheets may be manufactured with a variety of values for the relief height, which is defined here as the height of the vertex (highest point) of the relief relative to a top surface of the sheet adjacent to a relief.
  • the relief height may be defined as the difference between the maximum thickness of a sheet measured at a location on top of a relief and the thickness of an adjacent non-raised area.
  • the relief height is 0.3 mm or more.
  • a minimum relief height in this order provides sufficient material in the raised portions even under prolonged wear conditions.
  • the overall weight of an embossed sheet tends to increase as the maximum relief height increases. Therefore, it has been found useful if the relief height does not exceed 1.2 mm.
  • Useful relief heights giving a good compromise between weight and wear resistance may be in the range from about 0.4 mm to about 0.6 mm, for example, particularly if a relative hard aluminium alloy, such as an Al-Mg alloy, is used as sheet material. In softer materials the maximum relief height is sometimes greater. For example, the relief height may be up to 1.6 mm or 1.7 mm or 1.8 mm or more.
  • Another parameter which may be varied to provide desired properties of the sheets is the proportion of embossed surface, which is defined here as the ratio between the area of the sheet covered by raised reliefs and the overall area of the surface covered with embossed reliefs.
  • the proportion of embossed surface is between 25% and 50%.
  • Some physical properties, such as slip resistance, weight etc. may be relatively adjusted by the appropriate proportion of embossed surface.
  • the proportion of embossed surface is more than 44%, for example between 45% and 50%.
  • Those embodiments having relatively large proportion of engraved surface tend to have excellent anti-slipping properties and may therefore be used in applications where slip-and-fall hazard is particularly critical.
  • the proportion of engraved surface is between 35% and 44%. It has been found that these embodiments show a very good compromise between very good anti-slipping function of the structured surface, the weight of the sheet and the noise generated by the sheet under certain test conditions. Further, those sheets may be manufactured at great width (e.g. more than 2 m or more than 2.5 m), with only little or no formation of surface cracks during rolling.
  • the proportion of engraved surface is less than 35% and/or less than 30%, for example between 25% and 29%.
  • Those embodiments feature a relatively small weight and noise, and a tendency to exhibit small cracks in the material due to the rolling process is further reduced.
  • Anti-slippage properties may be less pronounced than in embodiments with higher proportion of engraved surface.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view on an approximately quadratic portion of an embossed sheet S according to a first embodiment having a proportion of embossed surface at about 40%.
  • Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through the sheet along a plane including a major axis of a lenticular raised relief.
  • the repetitive pattern of the sheet comprises a plurality of pattern units PU1 and PU2, where each pattern unit consists of exactly two identical raised elongated reliefs arranged in parallel, i.e. with parallel major axes.
  • Each relief has a length L along a major axis and a width W smaller than the length along a minor axis perpendicular to the major axis (see Fig. 3A ).
  • Each of the single reliefs has a lenticular shape.
  • lenticular shape refers to the shape of a cross-section through a biconvex lens.
  • a lenticular shape is bound by two circular arcs joined their end points to form a pointed tip.
  • the arcs have equal radii, thereby forming a lenticular shape mirror symmetric to the major axis.
  • the pattern is composed by exactly two types of pattern units, namely first pattern units, PU1, and second pattern units, PU2.
  • the shapes of the pattern units may be described as oblique hexagonal tiles with point symmetry relative to a center of a tile, but without mirror symmetry, as indicated by the dash-dotted lines.
  • the tiles fill the area of the sheet without gaps.
  • the first pattern units have first elongated reliefs R1 having their major axis parallel to a first direction D1
  • the second pattern units have second elongated reliefs R2 having their major axis parallel to a second direction D2 oriented transverse to the first direction.
  • each first pattern unit is surrounded by four identical second pattern units, and vice versa.
  • the sheet is formed by a single metallic body formed by repeated rolling of a metal blank.
  • the sheet is preferably formed from aluminum or an aluminum alloy, such as a relatively hard Al-Mg alloy.
  • the sheet S has a top surface TS and a bottom surface BS substantially parallel to the top surface in regions outside the raised reliefs R.
  • a base thickness T defined as the distance between top surface TS and bottom surface BS is about 1.5 mm in the embodiment.
  • the base thickness may vary depending on the purpose for which the sheet is used. In sheets used for heavy duty flooring applications the base thickness may range from about 1 mm to about 3 mm, for example.
  • the raised reliefs R are formed integral with the sheet during a final rolling pass and protrude over the top surface up to a pattern height H defined as the difference between the maximum thickness of the sheet in the area of the vertex V of a raised portion, and the thickness of an adjacent non-raised area, i.e. the base thickness T of the sheet.
  • the three-dimensional shape of the raised relief is characterized by an U-shaped or arcuate cross-section along the major axis (as seen in Fig. 2 ) and a substantially V-shaped cross-section along the minor axis perpendicular thereto.
  • the size and shape of the raised reliefs are generally determined by the size and shape of engraved dishes of the engraved embossing cylinder used to roll the sheet metal.
  • Figure 3B shows a cross-section through a concave dish DI on the corresponding embossing cylinder.
  • the cross-section in the width direction may be characterized by an angle A v included between the flanks of the dish in the middle along the major axis. This angle is about 61° to 62° in the embodiment of Fig. 3B and may range, for example, between 55° and 70°.
  • the bottom of the dish may be rounded in the width direction as a result of the manufacturing process.
  • the depth H' of the dish is about 1.75 mm.
  • the length L of the reliefs (corresponding to length L' of the dishes) is about 9 mm in the embodiments.
  • the length may vary, for example between 8 mm and 10 mm depending on the desired use of the sheet.
  • the width W of the reliefs (corresponding to width W' of the dishes) is about 3 mm in the embodiment.
  • the width may vary, for example between about 2 mm and 4 mm.
  • a relief may be characterized by a length ratio L/W, which is about 3.1 in the embodiment.
  • the length ratio may vary, for example between about 5 for relatively "slim” reliefs (see Fig. 7 ) and about 2 to 3 for relatively "thick" reliefs (see e.g. Fig. 5 ).
  • the proportion of embossed surface may be adjusted by setting appropriate dimensions for length L, width W, length ration L/W, the shape of the reliefs and their density per unit area.
  • the proportion of embossed surface is about 43.3% in a structured sheet embossed with a pattern according to Fig. 3A .
  • the ductile material may fill the dish more or less completely during rolling such that the shape of the raised relief corresponds closely to the negative of the shape of the dish.
  • Harder materials such as Al-Mg alloys used for heavy duty flooring materials, generally do not fill the entire dish during rolling.
  • Fig. 3B This is schematically indicated in Fig. 3B by the sheet S, which forms a raised relief R during rolling.
  • the outline of the relief is lenticular, having the same dimensions L and W as the dish.
  • the relief height H is smaller than the height (or maximum depth) H' of the dish, and a relatively sharp ridge may form on the relief despite the radius R v at the bottom of the dish.
  • the relief height H of the raised relief is about 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm only. These dimensions have been found beneficial for the desired anti-slippage properties of the sheets. Further, the overall weight of the sheets is moderate, and cleaning of the sheets is relatively easy as the raised reliefs are not too high. Further, the relatively shallow structure of the reliefs shows good resistance against mechanical wear.
  • a shape of the dishes generally in accordance with this description has proven to be particularly easy to manufacture by mechanical carving of the embossing cylinder surface, which reduces overall cost of the manufacturing process.
  • Fig. 4 shows a photographic representation of a prior art Barleyseed pattern taken from standard EN 1386:1994, page 4, Fig. 4 . Both patterns are repetitive patterns comprising a plurality of pattern units, where each pattern unit has exactly two identical elongated reliefs arranged in parallel.
  • first and second pattern units wherein the first pattern units extend with their major axis in a first direction, and the second units extend with their major axis in the second direction transverse to the first direction.
  • Each first pattern unit is surrounded by four identical second pattern units, and vice versa.
  • a first evident difference is the pattern angle ⁇ included between the first and second directions.
  • the pattern angle is about 80° for the Barleycorn pattern ( Fig. 4 ), whereas the pattern angle is substantially smaller in the embodiment of Fig. 5 , the pattern angle ⁇ being about 70°.
  • the Barleycorn pattern resembles in appearance a double-threaded weaving pattern or basket work because, starting from a central pattern (encircled) the surrounding patterns in one direction appear to follow straight parallel lines, as indicated by the parallel lines in Fig. 4 .
  • the single elongated reliefs in every other pair of two parallel reliefs are arranged on the same straight line, similar to a thread in a weaving pattern or to a single strand of a wicker twig in a basket work.
  • the pattern of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 does not have this characteristic feature. Instead, starting from a central pattern (circle), which can be arbitrarily chosen, the patterns lying at an oblique (70°) angle relative to the reliefs orientation of the central pattern, do not lie on common straight lines. Instead, if parallel straight lines are drawn lengthwise through the single reliefs forming a pair of parallel reliefs lying on the upper left-hand side of the central pattern, the corresponding pair of lenticular reliefs on the lower right-hand side is laterally offset with respect to the parallel lines drawn through the reliefs positioned at the upper left side of the central pattern.
  • the arrows in Fig. 5 indicate the amount of lateral offset LAO.
  • a lateral offset LAO which is more than 50% larger than the width of the elongated reliefs.
  • the lateral offset LAO is in the order of the width W of the lenticular reliefs.
  • the pairs of lenticular reliefs in every other pair of two parallel reliefs in a certain direction may be considered as forming something like a track along which an object pressed onto the structured surface may slide in the direction of the major axes. No such tracks are formed on the structured surface of Fig. 5 . It is believed that the absence of tracks of this type contributes to an increased slip resistance provided by sheets structured with a lateral offset as explained above.
  • the reliefs of a pattern unit repeat in every other pair of lenticular reliefs, resulting in a relatively short periodicity length along a first or a second direction.
  • the new pattern has relatively large periodicity lengths in the directions parallel to the longer axes of the lenticular reliefs, i.e. in the direction parallel to the first or second direction.
  • each pair of single reliefs of a pattern unit when seen in a direction perpendicular to the respective major axis has a larger effective width than in a case where little or no length offset LO exists such that the reliefs are more or less arranged in line. It is believed that this feature contributes to increased slip resistance in directions perpendicular to the first or second direction.
  • the periodicity length in this direction is less than twice the length of a single relief.
  • the lenticular reliefs arranged alternately in the first and in the second direction form a pattern resembling a tractor track, which is also believed to improve slip resistance in the respective direction.
  • the variety of periodicities present in these patterns is effective against noise generation when a wheeled device, such as a fork lift, runs over the sheet during use.
  • the pattern comprising a plurality of raised reliefs on a surface of the sheet is obtained by rolling with an engraved cylinder bearing the concave negative shapes of the lenticular reliefs of the sheet on its cylinder surface.
  • Fig. 3B and 3C show a respective vertical sections through the cylinder surface of the embossing cylinder CY parallel to the minor axis of a lenticular dish ( Fig. 3B ) and parallel to the major axis of a elongated dish ( Fig. 3C ).
  • the lenticular shape of the concave dishes is easily generated in a previously undisturbed cylindrical surface by mechanically carving the respective shape in the cylinder surface.
  • Cylinders made of hardened steel to form the cylinder surface may be used, providing a long service life time of an embossing cylinder. It is possible to use embossing cylinders having relatively great widths to engrave large sheets having widths of 2 m or more, or even 2.5 m or more.
  • Embossed sheets according to embodiments of the invention may be manufactured at moderate costs with high quality.
  • the sheets may be used for decorative purposes, if desired.
  • Engraved sheets may also be used in flooring applications.
  • an engraved sheet having a width large enough to cover the entire width of a truck loading room may be used in the manufacture of refrigerated trucks to provide a crack-free wall-to-wall flooring providing excellent slip resistance under all conditions (frozen, wet or dry) and further combining sufficient wear resistance and relatively light weight.
  • those sheets can be cleaned easily by high pressure cleaning fluids and/or by scrubbing.
  • sheets should be relatively "silent" under use conditions, which may be particularly important for health of workers engaged in loading/unloading activities in closed environments, such as in a cargo bay of a refrigerated truck.
  • Slip resistance may be improved by increasing the percentage of engraved surface, which is about 40% in the embodiment of Fig. 1 . Where weight of the sheet is an issue, even less material can be provided in the raised reliefs, thereby reducing the weight of a unit area of the sheet. In the embodiment of Fig. 7 , the proportion of engraved surface is about 28%. While the length of the single reliefs is the same as in the previous embodiments (about 9 mm), the width is further reduced. The figures are drawn to scale, therefore dimensions may be taken from the figures.
  • Embodiments with pattern units having a plurality of elongated reliefs arranged in parallel are not restricted to embodiments having exactly two reliefs.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show plan views of embodiments of patterns where each pattern unit PU1 and PU2 has three identical lenticular elongated reliefs arranged in parallel. Similar to the above embodiments having two reliefs in a pattern unit, the identical reliefs in a single pattern unit are offset with respect to each other parallel to the length direction (direction of the major axis) by a length offset LEO, and a variety of periodicities are found in different direction across the surface of the embossed sheets. In the embodiment of Fig. 8 , the pattern angle ⁇ between the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 is about 72.5°.
  • the proportion of raised reliefs is the same as in the embodiment of Fig. 8 , but the pattern angle ⁇ between the first an second directions D1 and D2 is significantly smaller, the pattern angle being about 54° in the embodiment. It is evident that the length offset LEO becomes larger the smaller the pattern angle becomes.
  • the dimensions of the single lenticular reliefs may be the same as in the other embodiments, or may be different.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Tôle repoussée dotée d'un motif répétitif comprenant une pluralité d'unités de motif,
    chaque unité de motif comprenant un ou plusieurs motifs allongés en relief, un relief allongé ayant une longueur selon un axe principal et une largeur, plus courte que la longueur, selon un axe secondaire perpendiculaire à l'axe principal,
    les unités de motif comprenant de premières unités de motif (PU1), comportant un ou plusieurs premiers reliefs allongés (R1) ayant leur axe principal parallèle à une première direction (D1), et une ou plusieurs secondes unités de motif (PU2), comportant des seconds reliefs allongés (R2) ayant leur axe principal parallèle à une seconde direction (D2) orientée transversalement par rapport à la première direction,
    dans laquelle une première unité de motif est entourée par quatre secondes unités de motif identiques et l'angle entre la première direction (D1) et la seconde direction (D2) est compris entre 50° et 75°, caractérisée en ce que chaque unité de motif comprend deux ou plusieurs motifs allongés en relief disposés parallèlement.
  2. Tôle repoussée selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle chaque unité de motif (PU1, PU2) comporte exactement deux reliefs allongés identiques.
  3. Tôle repoussée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle l'angle entre la première direction (D1) et la seconde direction (D2) est compris entre 66° et 74°, en particulier à environ 70°.
  4. Tôle repoussée selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, dans laquelle les reliefs allongés adjacents l'un à l'autre d'une unité de motif sont décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre, parallèlement à leur axe principal, d'un décalage en longueur (LEO) qui est d'au moins 10% de la longueur du relief allongé, dans laquelle le décalage en longueur est de préférence supérieur à 20% de la longueur du relief allongé.
  5. Tôle repoussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les axes principaux parallèles l'un à l'autre des reliefs allongés (R2) de secondes unités de motif (PU2) situées de chaque côté d'une première unité de motif (PU1) dans la première direction (D1) sont décalées latéralement, parallèlement à leur axe secondaire, d'un décalage latéral (LAO) qui est d'au moins 10% de la largeur du relief allongé, dans laquelle le décalage latéral est de préférence d'au moins 50% de la largeur du relief allongé.
  6. Tôle repoussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la longueur de périodicité du motif répétitif dans la première direction (D1) ou dans la seconde direction (D2) est sensiblement supérieure à deux fois la longueur (L) de l'axe principal des reliefs allongés dans la direction correspondante et/ou dans laquelle la longueur de périodicité du motif répétitif selon la bissectrice (BI) de l'angle formé par la première direction (D1) et la seconde direction (D2) est inférieure à deux fois la longueur (L) de l'axe principal d'un relief allongé.
  7. Tôle repoussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les reliefs allongés (R1, R2, R3) ont une forme lenticulaire, dans laquelle un relief allongé a de préférence une section longitudinale, selon l'axe principal, sensiblement en forme de U et une section transversale, selon l'axe secondaire, sensiblement en forme de V.
  8. Tôle repoussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la longueur des reliefs allongés (R1, R2, R3) selon l'axe principal est comprise entre 8 mm et 10 mm et la largeur des reliefs allongés (R1, R2, R3) selon l'axe secondaire est comprise entre 2,5 mm et 3,5 mm.
  9. Tôle repoussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les reliefs allongés (R1, R2, R3) ont une hauteur (H) de relief inférieure à 1,2 mm, dans laquelle la hauteur de relief est de préférence comprise entre 0,4 mm et 0,6 mm.
  10. Tôle repoussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la proportion de surface repoussée est comprise entre 25% et 50% et de préférence entre 35% et 44%.
  11. Cylindre gravé (CY) pour estamper des tôles, le cylindre comprenant une surface de cylindre comportant un motif répétitif comprenant une pluralité d'unités de motif,
    chaque unité de motif comprenant une ou plusieurs cuvettes allongées concaves (DI), une cuvette allongée ayant une longueur (L') selon un axe principal et une largeur (W'), plus courte que la longueur, selon un axe secondaire perpendiculaire à l'axe principal,
    les unités de motif comprenant de premières unités de motif (PU1), comportant une ou plusieurs premières cuvettes allongées ayant leur axe principal parallèle à une première direction (D1), et une ou plusieurs secondes unités de motif (PU2), comportant des secondes cuvettes allongées ayant leur axe principal parallèle à une seconde direction orientée transversalement par rapport à la première direction,
    dans laquelle une première unité de motif est entourée par quatre secondes unités de motif identiques et l'angle entre la première direction (D1) et la seconde direction (D2) est compris entre 50° et 75°, caractérisée en ce que chaque unité de motif comprend deux ou plusieurs cuvettes allongées disposées parallèlement.
  12. Cylindre gravé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel les cuvettes (DI) sont formées en gravant mécaniquement la surface du cylindre.
  13. Cylindre gravé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel les cuvettes sur le cylindre d'estampage sont dimensionnées et réparties de façon à estamper une tôle repoussée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10.
EP09013567A 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées Active EP2316590B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09013567T PL2316590T3 (pl) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Tłoczona deseniowo blacha z powtarzalnym wzorem oraz wygrawerowany cylinder do wytwarzania tłoczonych deseniowo blach
EP09013567A EP2316590B1 (fr) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées
DK09013567.4T DK2316590T3 (da) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Præget plade med et gentaget mønster og graveret cylinder til fremstilling af prægede plader
ES09013567T ES2386509T3 (es) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Chapa gofrada con un modelo repetitivo y cilindro grabado para fabricar chapas gofradas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09013567A EP2316590B1 (fr) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2316590A1 EP2316590A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
EP2316590B1 true EP2316590B1 (fr) 2012-05-30

Family

ID=42041527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09013567A Active EP2316590B1 (fr) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2316590B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2316590T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2386509T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2316590T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3114983B1 (fr) 2020-10-09 2022-09-23 Constellium Issoire Tole metallique a reliefs pour la realisation de planchers industriels a proprietes adhesives ameliorees
FR3133770B1 (fr) 2022-03-23 2024-05-03 Constellium Issoire Tôle métallique à relief performante en présence de givre

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3627502A (en) * 1968-10-01 1971-12-14 Nat Steel Corp Tread plate and manufacture
DE9411626U1 (de) * 1994-06-03 1994-10-27 Viessmann GmbH & Co, 95030 Hof Flächenbelag, insbesondere Bodenbelag für begeh- und befahrbare Kühl- und Frischhaltezellen
FR2747948B1 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1998-07-03 Pechiney Rhenalu Tole metallique gravee a motif repetitif
AT501464B8 (de) * 2004-09-13 2007-02-15 Amag Rolling Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines bleches mit einer oberflächenstruktur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2386509T3 (es) 2012-08-22
EP2316590A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
PL2316590T3 (pl) 2012-10-31
DK2316590T3 (da) 2012-09-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2149914C (fr) Materiau en feuilles, mode de production connexe et rouleaux utilises a cette fin
CN1636660B (zh) 切削刀具及其部件，及制造这种切削刀具的方法
JP2013523454A (ja) 台車が上を走行する産業用床を製造するための金属縞薄板、圧延によりこのような薄板を得ることを可能にする彫刻ロール
JP2005271792A (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
EP2316590B1 (fr) Feuille gaufrée dotée d'un motif répétitif, et cylindre gravé pour la fabrication de feuilles gaufrées
EP3068703A1 (fr) Palette de manipulation de matériau
RU87941U1 (ru) Листовой материал
CN101970147B (zh) 冷板材料以及制造冷板材料的方法和工具
CN101275325B (zh) 弯曲金属板的综支承杆
JP3906967B2 (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
DE10320811B3 (de) Bodenbelag aus einem elastomeren Material mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche
GB2312693A (en) Metallic sheet engraved with a repetitive pattern
TW570846B (en) Panel
EP1184528B1 (fr) Revêtement de sol en un matériau élastomère avec une surface structurée en relief
US20230415210A1 (en) Sheet metal plate with raised areas for creating industrial flooring with improved adhesive properties
GB2279596A (en) Plastic strain hardened sheet material and a method of forming such material
JP4223110B2 (ja) 耐滑り性に優れた床材用ステンレスエンボス鋼板
CN2851805Y (zh) 圆弧边尖头扁豆花纹板
FR3133770B1 (fr) Tôle métallique à relief performante en présence de givre
RU2281177C1 (ru) Листовой гофрированный профиль
DE102008051664A1 (de) Kunststoffbehälter, insbesondere Flaschenkasten
CN107771106B (zh) 轧制不锈钢物件及其制造方法
JP2008006929A (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
JPH057968A (ja) 階段用制振板の製造方法
CN2467255Y (zh) 齿形防滑踏脚板平台

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA RS

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20110714

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B21H 8/00 20060101ALI20111124BHEP

Ipc: B21B 1/22 20060101ALI20111124BHEP

Ipc: E04F 15/06 20060101ALI20111124BHEP

Ipc: B21B 27/00 20060101ALI20111124BHEP

Ipc: B21H 7/00 20060101AFI20111124BHEP

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 559817

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20120615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602009007260

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120726

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2386509

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20120822

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20120401826

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20120920

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120930

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120830

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PL

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20121001

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20130301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602009007260

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20130301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120830

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121028

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121028

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131031

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131031

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091028

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120530

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231129

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20231127

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: LT

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20231123

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20231122

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231123

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20231122

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20240405

Year of fee payment: 15