Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
  • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
  • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
  • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
  • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
  • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
  • F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
  • F16C11/0628—Construction or details of the socket member with linings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
  • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
  • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
  • Y10T29/49648—Self-adjusting or self-aligning, including ball and socket type, bearing and component making
  • Y10T29/49655—Self-adjusting or self-aligning, including ball and socket type, bearing and component making having liner
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
  • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
  • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
  • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket

Definitions

• the invention relates to a ball joint and a method for producing such a ball joint.
• Ball joints as used for example in wheel suspensions of motor vehicles, have basically a similar structure. So they consist of a housing and a ball stud, the ball joint is rotatably and pivotally received in a bearing shell, which may also be formed from several bearing shell parts.
• a bearing shell which may also be formed from several bearing shell parts.
• an elasticity of the bearing shell is desired in ball joints to compensate, for example, to a limited extent, movements of the ball stud within the ball joint or tolerances can .
• a multi-part and made of a plastic-metal composite bearing shell and a ball joint equipped therewith is apparent from the example of an axial joint of EP 0 922 868 A2.
• the ball joint described further also has a damping ring.
• Another way to perform the bearing shell for a ball joint elastic is to introduce grooves and / or slots in the bearing shell.
• Such a solution is for example known from DE-AS 1 098 377 and is suitable for both one-piece, as well as multi-part bearing shells.
• DE 195 45 567 C2 also describes a ball joint with a one-piece bearing shell, which is equipped with a film hinge.
• the film hinge is used in accordance with the disclosure content of the publication to be able to use the ball joint of the ball stud in the bearing shell, before the thus created assembly is used in total in a housing.
• the film hinge has after the installation of the ball joint on the possibility of a limited flexibility of the bearing shell and thus to ensure additional elasticity, which means that the ball pin is mounted movable in the direction transverse to its longitudinal axis in the housing.
• the invention has for its object to provide a ball joint available, the bearing shell allows a defined elasticity compensation and thus has restoring properties without having to accept losses in terms of the required stability of the bearing shell. Furthermore, a method is to be specified that allows the production of such a ball joint. The invention solves this problem with the features of the independent claims.
• a ball and socket joint for a motor vehicle with a housing and a ball stud, the ball joint of which is rotatably and pivotably mounted in a bearing shell, has been developed in accordance with the invention such that the bearing shell is replaced by a separation method, such as e.g. one
• Circuit board cutting or punching produced and formed sheet metal strip contains.
• the metal strip has recesses on at least one side, so that teeth or teeth are formed on the bearing shell.
• the ends of the serrations or teeth point after the deformation of the metal strip to the spherical bearing shell shape inwardly toward the central axis of the ball stud. Furthermore, the ends of the serrations or teeth are spaced apart.
• the recesses or prongs or teeth may be V-shaped. In that case, the teeth or teeth are tapered. Another favorable form of the teeth or teeth is a trapezoidal training. Of course, the recesses may be trapezoidal.
• the ratio of depth of the recesses or prongs or teeth to the width or the spacing of the serrated or tooth ends is about 2/3 to 1/3.
• the bearing shell consists of several bearing shell parts and at least one bearing shell part contains a metal strip.
• the multi-part design of a bearing shell of a ball joint allows a much wider design freedom in the design.
• At least one bearing shell part as a whole consists of a metallic material or contains metal.
• the friction can be extremely minimized.
• such a designed ball joint is able to take higher loads than conventional designs.
• the "breakaway moments" that prove problematic in ball joints in motor vehicles, which can occur between the friction partners bearing shell and ball joint, especially after prolonged standstill of a ball joint, can be avoided with such designs.
• the breakaway torques mentioned lead to increased wear and thus the risk of premature failure of a ball joint.
• the bearing shell part with the metal strip consists of a composite material and has at least one plastic layer.
• the positive damping properties of a plastic and its tolerances balancing properties can be combined in a very advantageous manner with the aforementioned elasticities and strengths of the metallic strip.
• the metallic strip can be embedded between two layers of plastic.
• Another embodiment is the fact that the metallic strip comes directly to one of its surfaces on the corresponding inner surface of the housing to the plant.
• all the bearing shell parts can also consist of different materials or material compositions. It is particularly advantageous if the bearing shell parts are each inserted under an axial and / or radial biasing force into the housing.
• the orientation of the biasing force in the axial or radial direction depends on the design of the corresponding ball joint.
• An additional increase in the elasticity of the ball joint according to the invention and the bearing shell contained therein can be achieved by a gap or gap distance in the sense of a parting line is present in the assembled ball joint on the bearing shell part with the metal strip.
• the parting line is used according to the invention to allow a compensation of the movement of the bearing shell relative to the ball stud.
• the parting line according to the invention may have a gap distance between 0.3 and 0.7 millimeters. However, a preferred gap distance is 0.5 millimeter. In this case, optimal elasticity values have been found on a bearing shell according to the invention.
• the bearing shell designed to be elastic and at least one bearing shell part has a conical contact surface with which it is supported on a corresponding inner surface of the housing. Due to the conical configuration of the mutually corresponding contact surfaces of the bearing shell and the housing forces can be optimally intercepted both in the axial and in the radial direction.
• Such a fitted joint can be designed both as an axial joint and a radial joint.
• the method according to the invention for producing a ball joint has at least the following method steps:
• the specified method is very simple to carry out in terms of production engineering and moreover makes it possible to provide bearing shells which can be designed to be optimal and load-dependent.
• the serrated or tooth-like contour of a longitudinal side of the bearing shell blank allows for the finished bearing shell an additional improvement of the elastic properties of this bearing shell.
• the production of the bearing shell blank can be done at least partially by punching.
• the use of a stamping process allows a very short cycle time for the production of bearing shell blanks.
• the punching method or a blanking method can be used both for producing perforations and for producing the serrated or tooth-like contour.
• board cutters are feasible with high precision, so that even structurally small dimensions, as they occur in the present case during the manufacture of a bearing shell, can be performed. Therefore, such manufacturing methods are applicable particularly advantageous in the present case.
• a rolling process can be used for forming the bearing shell blank and the formation of a spherical bearing shell or a spherical bearing shell part. Due to the rolling process, the spherical contour of the bearing surface of the Bearing shell or the bearing shell part are produced optimally and with high precision.
• the preload force allows the finished assembled ball joint balancing the forces introduced via the ball pin in the bearing shell forces, at least to a limited extent and acts tolerance-compensating.
• FIG. 1 is a broken perspective view of a ball joint according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a stage plan for the production of a bearing shell component
• FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a first section Embodiment of a multilayer running bearing shell
• Figure 4 shows a detail of a second variant of a multilayer bearing shell in section.
• FIG. 1 shows a spherical joint in a spatial view, which in the present case is an axial joint.
• the ball joint has a housing 1, in which a ball pin 2 is pivotally and rotatably mounted.
• the ball stud 2 is mounted in the housing 1 via a ball joint 3 formed on the ball stud.
• This ball 3 is received in a bearing shell designated as a whole by 6.
• the bearing shell 6 consists in the ball joint shown in Figure 1 of two bearing shell parts 4 and 5.
• the bearing shell part 4 was made in the embodiment of a plastic limited elasticity, while the bearing shell part 5 consists of a metallic material, or has a metal strip 7.
• the bearing shell part 5 Since the sheet metal strip 7 is produced by a rolling process, and thus is formed into a spherical contour of the bearing shell part 5, the bearing shell part 5 has a gap spacing 9, which forms a parting line 9 of this bearing shell part 5.
• the top of Figure 1, consisting of plastic bearing shell part 4 also has a contact surface 10 which is conical. This contact surface 10 corresponds to a conical contact surface of the inner surface 11 of the housing 1.
• the contact surface 10 of the bearing shell part 4 is located directly against this inner surface 11 of the housing 1.
• slots 17 are present, which improve the elasticity of the bearing shell part 4.
• this has a Kugelzapfenhals 12.
• the ball stud neck 12 is reduced in cross section compared to the stud portion 13 and has a groove-like, curved contour.
• the ball joint has a Sealing bellows 14. This is fastened by means of a clamping ring 15 on the outer surface of the housing 1. The opposite end of the sealing bellows 14 is fixed with a clamping ring 16 on the journal portion 13 of the ball stud 2. Since it is an axial joint in the illustrated ball joint, this has for attachment in a motor vehicle on a housing pin 18 which is located on the housing 1 on the pin portion 13 opposite side of the ball joint and may have a connecting thread.
• FIG. 2 shows a stadia plan consisting of the individual phases a, b and c for producing a bearing shell part 5. Thereafter, firstly a bearing shell blank made of a metallic strip or sheet metal strip 7 is produced. This has a rectangular geometry, as can be seen from the image part a) of Figure 2.
• bores 20 are subsequently introduced into the sheet metal strip 7 at the same distance from each other.
• a board cut or punching is then the introduction of recesses or notches 19 on one side of the sheet-metal strip 7, which thus receives on one side a serrated or tooth-like contour.
• an arrow A is also shown, which indicates the subsequent transformation of the metal strip 7 to a bearing shell part 5.
• This forming process takes place in the present case by a rolling process.
• the rolling tool is not shown here for reasons of simplification.
• a bearing shell part 5 is shown in section, as it may look in the finished state. This has the usual contour of the bearing shell of a ball joint.
• FIG 3 is a first embodiment of a
• Bearing shell part 5 shown.
• the peculiarity of the bearing shell part 5 shown partly in section in FIG. 3 is that it has a metal strip 7 which is completely enveloped by a plastic layer 8 on its inner and outer circumferential surfaces.
• the bearing shell of Figure 4 has only one plastic layer 8. This is with the Sheet metal strip 7 connected and present on the inside of the bearing shell part 5.
• sheet metal strip 7 and plastic layer can be reversed.
• the distance 22 in FIG. 4 shows the distance between the ends of the serrations or teeth in the installed state.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=41213379

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (5)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 2008
  • 2008-08-27 DE DE102008041620A patent/DE102008041620A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2009
  • 2009-08-11 JP JP2011524180A patent/JP2012500946A/ja active Pending
  • 2009-08-11 EP EP09776137A patent/EP2315953A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2009-08-11 BR BRPI0918182A patent/BRPI0918182B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2009-08-11 CN CN2009801336248A patent/CN102132051A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-08-11 RU RU2011110906/11A patent/RU2499919C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-08-11 US US13/060,503 patent/US20120114412A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-08-11 WO PCT/DE2009/050043 patent/WO2010022718A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-08-11 KR KR1020117005898A patent/KR20110045058A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (1)

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