EP2310797B1 - Projectile - Google Patents

Projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2310797B1
EP2310797B1 EP09781486.7A EP09781486A EP2310797B1 EP 2310797 B1 EP2310797 B1 EP 2310797B1 EP 09781486 A EP09781486 A EP 09781486A EP 2310797 B1 EP2310797 B1 EP 2310797B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
accordance
sections
gel
stabilization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP09781486.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2310797A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Andreas Ritt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Publication of EP2310797A1 publication Critical patent/EP2310797A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F42B12/745—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body the core being made of plastics; Compounds or blends of plastics and other materials, e.g. fillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile comprising a gel or gelatinous material.
  • Such projectiles are used in particular for bird strike investigations as a substitute for real birds.
  • Bird strike investigations are carried out, for example, on wind turbines and are prescribed in particular for the traffic licensing of aircraft and trains.
  • For this projectiles are fired at high speed by means of a gas gun on to be tested areas of the wind turbines, the aircraft or the trains. Due to the high speeds and the resulting large air resistance during a flight phase of the projectiles results in particular in the use of artificial projectiles of the type mentioned above, a deformation and / or vibration of the projectile, resulting in a falsification of the test results.
  • the US 5,936,190 A , the FR 2 768 504 A1 , the EP 0 488 911 A2 the WO 95/00815 A1 , the US 3,791,303 A and the WO 2007/066324 A1 reveal projectiles, which are used by handguns on animals and / or people are fired.
  • the EP 2 131 173 A2 discloses a projectile for bird strike experiments.
  • This projectile comprises, for example, gel-like elements, which are held in an initial state by means of reinforcing elements in predetermined positions. In flight, however, the projectile splits up, so in particular the gel-like elements and the reinforcing elements separate from each other.
  • the present invention is based on the object to provide a projectile, which allows reproducible and representative results in bird strike tests.
  • This object is achieved by a projectile according to claim 1.
  • deformation of the projectile in the flight phase is reduced, preferably completely avoided. This leads to a reproducible shape of the projectile when hitting a target and thus to reproducible results of the bird strike investigations.
  • the gelatinous or gelatinous material comprises gelatin or consists of gelatin.
  • the projectile is cheap and easy to produce.
  • gelatinous or gelatinous material is formed from a mixture of, for example, approximately four parts water and, for example, approximately one part gelatin.
  • the gelatinous or gelatinous material comprises ballistic gelatin or consists of ballistic gelatin.
  • ballistic gelatin the physical properties and physical behavior of muscles can be well modeled.
  • the gelatinous or gelatinous material comprises silicone gum, glycerin soap, starch, polymer gel, rubber, latex and / or plasticine, or consists of silicone gum, glycerin soap, starch, polymer gel, rubber, latex and / or plasticine.
  • the gelatinous or gelatinous material has a gel thickness of, for example, about 200 Bloom to, for example, about 300 Bloom. This allows the physical properties and physical behavior of muscles to be well-modeled.
  • the gelatin is a type A gelatin.
  • the projectile hollow body in particular hollow spheres comprises.
  • the gelatinous or gelatinous material is arranged in the hollow bodies.
  • the projectile can be easily stabilized. Furthermore, this makes it possible to adapt the density of the projectile.
  • the hollow bodies are at least partially surrounded by the gel or gelatinous material.
  • the hollow bodies are formed at least partially from a brittle material, in particular from glass or polycarbonate.
  • the shell of the hollow body is stably formed, with a small influence of the hollow body is guaranteed to the behavior of the projectile in a collision with a target.
  • the stabilization device comprises interconnected hollow bodies.
  • an improved stabilization of the projectile by means of existing in the projectile hollow body is possible.
  • the projectile has at least partially a substantially cylindrical shape. In this way, a bird strike can be well simulated.
  • the projectile is formed at least on one side substantially hemispherical.
  • the projectile is formed on both sides of a central portion substantially hemispherical. As a result, the projectile has a better aerodynamics and thus a reduced deformation in the flight phase.
  • the projectile is at least partially substantially as an ellipsoid, in particular as an ellipsoid of revolution, formed. In this way, the projectile has a good aerodynamics and thus in the flight phase a reduced deformation.
  • the projectile has a mass of at least about 1.5 kg.
  • the projectile has a mass of at most about 4 kg.
  • the projectile has a mass of about 1.814 kg (4 lb) or about 3.628 kg (8 lb).
  • the mass of the projectile is preferably at least about 50 g and preferably at most about 1 kg.
  • experiments with 8 projectiles of 700 g each or 16 projectiles of 85 g each are representative of bird swarms.
  • the stabilizing device at least partially made of a material with high Brittleness is formed. In this way, the stabilization device is substantially immediately destroyed upon impact of the projectile on a target and thus has little, especially no, influence on the behavior of the projectile upon impact with the target.
  • the stabilization device is formed at least in sections from a material with high rigidity. This can increase the stability of the projectile.
  • the stabilization device is formed at least in sections from paper, in particular impregnated and / or non-absorbent, paper or, in particular, impregnated and / or non-absorbent cardboard.
  • the stabilization device can be constructed in a simple manner.
  • the use of stiff paper or stiff cardboard can also increase the stability of the projectile.
  • the stabilization device comprises at least one stabilizing element.
  • the stabilizing device can be arranged particularly easily and flexibly in and / or on the projectile.
  • a maximum extent of the at least one stabilization element is at most approximately one tenth, preferably at most approximately one fiftieth, of a maximum extent of the projectile.
  • the at least one stabilizing element is substantially rod-shaped. In this way, in particular a three-dimensional structure can be easily constructed by means of the stabilizing elements.
  • the stabilization device is formed, at least in sections, from stabilizing elements arranged in a geometrical pattern. This ensures a particularly stable three-dimensional structure of the stabilization device.
  • the geometric pattern is based on a cubic or tetrahedral basic shape. In this way, a simple construction of a stable stabilizing device is possible.
  • the stabilization device comprises at least one, for example spinal column, main carrier.
  • at least one for example spinal column, main carrier.
  • the stabilization device comprises a plurality of, for example, rib-shaped, stabilizing elements which, in particular regularly, are arranged on the main carrier.
  • rib-shaped, stabilizing elements which, in particular regularly, are arranged on the main carrier.
  • a material from which the stabilizing device is formed at least partially has substantially the same density as the gel or gelatinous material. In this way, an influence of the stabilization device on the behavior of the projectile on impact with the target can be reduced, in particular completely avoided.
  • the stabilization device comprises a material, in particular consists of a material which can be processed by laser sintering.
  • a material which can be processed by laser sintering.
  • thermoplastic plastic powder such as polypropylene or polyamide
  • the projectile is surrounded by a substantially water-impermeable material at least in sections. As a result, drying out of the projectile and thus a change in the physical properties during storage of the projectile can be avoided.
  • the projectile is provided with a water-impermeable coating. In this way, dehydration is particularly easy preventable.
  • the projectile according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a combination of a projectile and a sabot for receiving and accelerating the projectile in an accelerator.
  • the sabot comprises a receptacle for the projectile, whose shape is formed at least partially complementary to at least a portion of the projectile. In this way, the projectile in the sabot is easily absorbed, in particular loose storable.
  • the sabot is designed to be divisible along a longitudinal center plane. As a result, the projectile can simply be inserted into the sabot and removed from it.
  • the combination of the projectile and the sabot is particularly suitable for use in an accelerator, for example designed as a gas gun.
  • the acceleration device with the combination of the projectile according to the invention and the sabot has the advantages listed above in connection with the projectile according to the invention and the combination of the projectile and the sabot.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 to 6 illustrated as a whole with 100 designated gas gun comprises a main body 102, a sabot 104 and arranged in the sabot 104 projectile 106th
  • the gas gun 100 is an accelerator and serves to accelerate the projectile 106 by means of the sifting mirror 104 in an acceleration direction 108.
  • the main body 102 is cylindrical and hollow and comprises a rear end 110 in the direction of acceleration 108, a barrel 112 and an outlet 114 in the direction of acceleration 108.
  • a drive chamber 116 is arranged, which adjoins in the direction of acceleration 108 at the front to a rear wall 118 of the sabot 104 when the sabot 104 is arranged in a starting position (see FIG. 1 ).
  • stops 120 are provided on the base body, where the sabot 104 abuts in the starting position with the rear wall 118.
  • the sabot 104 is substantially cylindrical and solid.
  • An outer diameter 122 of the sabot 104 is selected so that an outer surface 124 of the sabot 104 along an inner circumferential surface 126 of the barrel 112 can slide.
  • An inner diameter 128 of the barrel 112 of the main body 102 is thus insignificantly larger than the outer diameter 122 of the sabot 104.
  • sabot stoppers 132 are provided to limit movement of the sabot 104 in the direction of acceleration 108.
  • the barrel 112 of the body 102 of the gas gun 100 extends from the stoppers 120 to the sabot stoppers 132.
  • the sabot 104 has a receptacle 134 for receiving the projectile 106.
  • the receptacle 134 is designed to be complementary to a section of the projectile 106 in order to be able to easily receive this section.
  • the projectile 106 is rotationally symmetrical with respect to a rotation axis 137 and comprises a front hemispherical portion 136, a centrally disposed cylindrical portion 138 and a rear hemispherical portion 140, wherein the hemispherical portions 136 and 140 have, for example, a substantially identical radius 142 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the radius 142 of the front hemispherical portion 136 and the rear hemispherical portion 140 corresponds approximately to a radius 144 of the cylindrical portion 138 of the projectile 106 and, for example, about half of a length 146 of the cylindrical portion 138.
  • a length 148 of the projectile 106 thus corresponds, for example, to approximately four times the radius 142 of the front hemispherical section 136 and the rear hemispherical section 140.
  • the projectile 106 is disposed in the receptacle 134 of the sabot 104 such that the receptacle 134 surrounds the rear hemispherical portion 140 and, for example, approximately half of the cylindrical portion 138 of the projectile 106 (see FIG. 1 ).
  • the projectile 106 is substantially completely received in the sabot 104.
  • the resulting increase in pressure in the drive chamber 116 causes a force loading of the rear wall 118 of the sloshed mirror 104 and thus an acceleration of the slosh 104 together with the projectile 106 in the direction of acceleration 108 to, for example, about 70 m / s to simulate an impact on (not shown) a rotor blades wind turbine.
  • the sabot 104 of the projectile 106 is thus brought in the acceleration direction 108 from the initial position to an end position at the front end 130 of the main body 102 (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the projectile 106 which is mounted loosely in the sabot 104, releases itself from the sabot 104 due to its inertia and flies in the direction of acceleration 108 in the direction of a target 150.
  • the projectile 106 is deformed by the air resistance (see FIGS. 4 and 5 ).
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 shown deformations lead to an inaccuracy in the reproducibility of in FIG. 6 illustrated impingement of the projectile 106 on the target 150.
  • An in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment of the projectile 106 includes in particular for stabilizing the projectile 106 in the flight phase, a stabilization device 152nd
  • the stabilization device 152 By means of the stabilization device 152, the deformations of the projectile 106 caused by the air resistance can be reduced, in particular completely avoided.
  • the stabilizer 152 is formed from square honeycomb and extends in both the radial and axial directions over the entire extent of the projectile 106.
  • the stabilizing device 152 is placed in a casting mold, in which subsequently, for example, a mixture of gelatin and water is passed.
  • FIG. 7 illustrated embodiment of the gas gun 100 with the sabot 104 and the projectile 106 in terms of design and function with in the FIGS. 1 and 3 to 6 illustrated embodiment of the gas gun 100 of the sabot 104 and the projectile 106, to the above description in this respect reference is made.
  • FIG. 8 illustrated third embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from that in the FIG. 7 illustrated embodiment in that the stabilizing device 152 instead of a square honeycomb pattern comprises a triangular honeycomb pattern.
  • FIG. 8 illustrated third embodiment of the projectile 106 in terms of structure and function with the in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment, to the above description in this respect reference is made.
  • the honeycomb pattern is a hexagonal honeycomb pattern.
  • FIG. 9 illustrated fourth embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from the in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment in that the stabilizing device 152 comprises a formed by means of stabilizing elements 156 cubic lattice.
  • the stabilizing elements 156 are connected to one another by means of connecting elements 158.
  • rectangular slats 160 are provided on the stabilizing elements 156.
  • Such lamellae 160 may be provided on isolated stabilizing elements 156 or also on all stabilizing elements 156.
  • FIG. 9 illustrated fourth embodiment of the projectile 106 in terms of structure and function with in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment, to the above description in this respect reference is made.
  • FIG. 10 illustrated fifth embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from the in FIG. 9 illustrated fourth embodiment in that instead of a cubic grid, a tetrahedral grid is provided, which is formed from a plurality of stabilizing elements 156.
  • FIG. 10 illustrated fifth embodiment of the projectile 106 in structure and function with the in FIG. 9 4, the above description of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • FIG. 11 illustrated stabilizer 152 of a sixth embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from the in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment in that the stabilizing device 152 is formed of four substantially identical plate-shaped stabilizing elements 156.
  • Two of the plate-shaped stabilizing elements 156 are arranged parallel to each other, parallel to the axis of rotation 137 of the projectile 106 and at a distance from one another which corresponds approximately to the radius 142 of the hemispherical sections 136 and 140 of the projectile 106, for example.
  • the two stabilizing elements 156 are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation 137 of the projectile 106 and extend along the largest dimension of the projectile 106 and in a direction transverse thereto in each case up to a surface 161 of the projectile 106.
  • the two other plate-shaped stabilizing elements 156 correspond in their extent, their relative position to each other and in their arrangement on the projectile 106 to the previously described plate-shaped stabilizing elements 156, but are against the previously described two plate-shaped stabilizing elements 156 with respect to the axis of rotation 137 of the projectile 106 by, for example, approximately Arranged rotated 90 °.
  • the viewing direction along the axis of rotation 137 of the projectile 106 thus results in an arrangement of the plate-shaped stabilizing elements 156 corresponding essentially to a diamond-shaped symbol.
  • one or more stabilizing plates (not shown) oriented substantially perpendicularly to the rotation axis 137 can furthermore be provided.
  • FIG. 11 illustrated sixth embodiment of the projectile 106 in terms of structure and function with the in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment, to the above description in this respect reference is made.
  • FIG. 12 illustrated seventh embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from the in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment in that the stabilizing device 152 is formed of a plurality of hollow bodies 162 formed as hollow bodies.
  • the hollow spheres 162 are filled with the gelatinous or gelatinous material, and arranged and bonded together so that the projectile 106 has substantially the same outer contour as in FIG FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment of the projectile 106th
  • FIG. 12 illustrated seventh embodiment of the projectile 106 in structure and function with the in FIG. 7 illustrated second embodiment, to the above description in this respect reference is made.
  • FIG. 13 illustrated eighth embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from that in the FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrated first embodiment in that the projectile 106 is cylindrical and does not include hemispherical sections.
  • the length 146 of the cylindrical portion 138 in this embodiment is, for example, about four times the radius 144 of the cylindrical portion 138.
  • Stabilization devices 152 may be provided.
  • FIG. 13 illustrated eighth embodiment of the projectile 106 in terms of structure and function with in the FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrated in the first embodiment, reference is made to the above description in this regard.
  • FIG. 14 illustrated ninth embodiment of the projectile 106 differs from that in the FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrated first embodiment in that the shape of the projectile 106 is an ellipsoid.
  • a length 164 of the first half-axis of the ellipsoid in this embodiment is approximately one-half of a length 166 of the second half-axis of the ellipsoid.
  • the length of the third half-axis is identical to the length of the first half-axis, so that the projectile 106 has the shape of an ellipsoid of revolution.
  • Stabilization devices 152 may be provided.
  • FIG. 14 illustrated ninth embodiment of the projectile 106 in terms of structure and function with in the FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrated in the first embodiment, reference is made to the above description in this regard.
  • each of the projectiles described above may be provided with one of the stabilization devices described above or with a combination of several of the stabilization devices described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Projectile pour des analyses d'impact d'oiseaux, comprenant un matériau de type gel ou gélatine, caractérisé par un dispositif de stabilisation (152) disposé dans le projectile (106) pour la stabilisation du matériau de type gel ou gélatine et pour la réduction ou l'empêchement d'une déformation du projectile (106) dans une phase de vol de sorte que le projectile soit indéformable en vol.
  2. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de type gel ou gélatine comprend de la gélatine, de la gélatine balistique, du caoutchouc de silicium, du savon à la glycérine, de l'amidon, du gel polymère, du caoutchouc, du latex et/ou de la plastiline ou est constitué de gélatine, de gélatine balistique, de caoutchouc de silicium, de savon à la glycérine, d'amidon, de gel polymère, de caoutchouc, de latex et/ou de plastiline.
  3. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (106) comprend des corps creux (162) qui sont de préférence remplis au moins partiellement du matériau de type gel ou gélatine et/ou sont entourés au moins partiellement par le matériau de type gel ou gélatine.
  4. Projectile selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les corps creux (162) sont formés au moins partiellement à partir d'un matériau fragile et/ou raccordés les uns aux autres.
  5. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (106) présente au moins par sections une forme sensiblement cylindrique et/ou est réalisé au moins par sections sensiblement comme une ellipsoïde.
  6. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (106) est réalisé de manière sensiblement hémisphérique au moins d'un côté, de préférence des deux côtés (136, 140), d'une section médiane (138).
  7. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (106) présente une masse d'au moins environ 1,5 kg et/ou d'au plus environ 4 kg.
  8. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stabilisation (152) est formé au moins par sections à partir d'un matériau avec une fragilité élevée et/ou au moins par sections de papier ou carton.
  9. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stabilisation (152) comprend au moins un élément de stabilisation (156) réalisé de préférence sensiblement en forme de barre.
  10. Projectile selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stabilisation (152) est formé au moins par sections par des éléments de stabilisation (156) disposés dans un modèle géométrique, dans lequel le modèle géométrique est de préférence basé sur une forme à base cubique ou tétraédrique.
  11. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stabilisation (152) comprend au moins un support principal sur lequel de préférence plusieurs éléments de stabilisation (156) sont disposés.
  12. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un matériau, à partir duquel le dispositif de stabilisation (152) est formé au moins par sections, présente sensiblement la même densité que le matériau de type gel ou gélatine et/ou que le dispositif de stabilisation (152) comprend un matériau qui peut être usiné par frittage au laser.
  13. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (106) est entouré au moins par sections par un matériau sensiblement imperméable à l'eau, en particulier est pourvu d'un revêtement imperméable à l'eau.
  14. Combinaison d'un projectile (106) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, et d'un sabot (104) pour la réception et l'accélération du projectile (106) dans un dispositif d'accélération (100), dans laquelle le sabot (104) présente de préférence un logement (134) pour le projectile (106), dont la forme est réalisée au moins par sections complémentaire à au moins une section (136, 138, 140) du projectile (106).
EP09781486.7A 2008-08-11 2009-08-04 Projectile Active EP2310797B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008038258A DE102008038258B8 (de) 2008-08-11 2008-08-11 Projektil
PCT/EP2009/060112 WO2010018107A1 (fr) 2008-08-11 2009-08-04 Projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2310797A1 EP2310797A1 (fr) 2011-04-20
EP2310797B1 true EP2310797B1 (fr) 2018-04-18

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US (1) US8220396B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2310797B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2733697A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008038258B8 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010018107A1 (fr)

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DE102010044003B4 (de) * 2010-11-16 2014-07-17 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Positioniervorrichtung für ein Projektil
DE102010044001B3 (de) * 2010-11-16 2012-02-09 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Positioniervorrichtung für ein Projektil
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JP6061667B2 (ja) * 2012-12-20 2017-01-18 ニッカン工業株式会社 疑似生体材料
JP6232815B2 (ja) * 2013-08-05 2017-11-22 株式会社Ihi バードストライクを模擬するための投射体
US10323918B2 (en) * 2014-07-29 2019-06-18 Polywad, Inc. Auto-segmenting spherical projectile
FR3028309B1 (fr) * 2014-11-06 2019-03-22 Direction Generale De L'armement -Ds/Sdpa/Bpi - Dga/Ds/Sdpa/Bpi Projectile pour les tests d'impacts d'oiseaux constitue d'un gel comportant du glycerol
DE102015226371A1 (de) 2015-12-21 2017-06-22 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Projektil für Vogelschlaguntersuchungen
CN106323581A (zh) * 2016-10-24 2017-01-11 南京航空航天大学 一种骨架增强保型明胶鸟弹及其制备方法
US11187487B1 (en) * 2017-08-18 2021-11-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Disrupter driven highly efficient energy transfer fluid jets
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DE102020110980A1 (de) 2020-04-22 2021-10-28 Wilhelm Brenneke Assets GmbH Geschoss aus einem bleifreien Material
US20220341641A1 (en) * 2021-04-26 2022-10-27 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for artificial bird manufacturing in impact testing

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US7934454B2 (en) 2003-11-12 2011-05-03 Kee Action Sports I Llc Projectile, projectile core, and method of making
UA81662C2 (ru) * 2005-10-31 2008-01-25 Институт Проблем Машиностроения Им. А.М. Подгорного Национальной Академии Наук Украины Имитатор птицы, способ его изготовления и способ испытания элементов конструкций летательных аппаратов на ударную прочность при столкновении с птицей
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Also Published As

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EP2310797A1 (fr) 2011-04-20
WO2010018107A1 (fr) 2010-02-18
DE102008038258B8 (de) 2010-06-10
US20110192314A1 (en) 2011-08-11
CA2733697A1 (fr) 2010-02-18
DE102008038258B3 (de) 2010-01-21
US8220396B2 (en) 2012-07-17

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