EP2310539B1 - Procédé et dispositifs pour la régulation de la vitesse d'écoulement et pour le ralentissement de flux de matière en fusion par des champs magnétiques lors du piquage de contenants métallurgiques tels que hauts-fourneaux et fours de fusion - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositifs pour la régulation de la vitesse d'écoulement et pour le ralentissement de flux de matière en fusion par des champs magnétiques lors du piquage de contenants métallurgiques tels que hauts-fourneaux et fours de fusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2310539B1
EP2310539B1 EP09781571A EP09781571A EP2310539B1 EP 2310539 B1 EP2310539 B1 EP 2310539B1 EP 09781571 A EP09781571 A EP 09781571A EP 09781571 A EP09781571 A EP 09781571A EP 2310539 B1 EP2310539 B1 EP 2310539B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melt stream
magnetic
melt
magnetic fields
fields
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09781571A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2310539A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Uwe Morgenstern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TMT Tapping Measuring Technology GmbH
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TMT Tapping Measuring Technology GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2310539A1 publication Critical patent/EP2310539A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2310539B1 publication Critical patent/EP2310539B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1518—Tapholes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1536—Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and devices for controlling the flow velocity and for braking non-ferromagnetic melt streams by magnetic fields during tapping of blast furnaces and furnaces.
  • a generic control device which is characterized by a core of ferromagnetic material having two poles, which form a gap for receiving a guide element for a melt stream, and arranged on the core induction coils for generating a magnetic field, the melt flow in the between the poles arranged guide acts.
  • a closed magnetic circuit is used to generate a magnetic field by which a voltage is induced in the melt stream, are triggered by the eddy currents in the melt stream, which generate forces in cooperation with the magnetic field, which reduce the flow velocity of the melt stream and increase again and can slow down the melt stream.
  • WO00 / 71761 discloses a method and apparatus for controlling and decelerating the flow of liquid metal during tapping of blast furnaces and smelting furnaces by application of electromagnetic forces using at least one yoke (4) with a coil (8) and wherein the electromagnetic forces are axial, against the flow rate , act to control the flow rate.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method and apparatus for controlling the flow rate and for braking non-ferromagnetic melt streams, which make it possible to enhance the magnetic field acting on the melt stream and the eddy currents generated by this to increase the forces acting on the melt stream ,
  • the dependent claims include advantageous and expedient developments of the method according to claim 1 and the control devices according to claims 6 and 8.
  • the inventive method for controlling the flow velocity and for braking non-ferromagnetic melt streams during tapping of metallurgical containers such as blast furnaces and furnaces is characterized in that the melt stream in a closed guide by at least two in the flow direction of the melt in series successively arranged magnetic fields with a constant, opposite Polarity is conducted such that the magnetic field lines transversely penetrate the melt stream over its entire cross-section and induced by the magnetic fields in the melt stream opposing voltages, are generated in the melt stream at least three consecutive axial eddy current fields, and that by the interaction of magnetic fields and eddy currents are generated by the forces Flow rate of the melt stream in dependence on the magnetic field strengths can be reduced.
  • a double, opposing voltage is induced in the melt stream by the magnetic flux of a closed magnetic circuit via two opposing magnetic fields between each two poles, such that there is a mutually reinforcing effect on the current of the central axial eddy current field.
  • a variant of the method consists in that voltages are induced in the melt stream by the magnetic flux of two closed magnetic circuits arranged behind one another via two opposing magnetic fields between each two poles, in such a way that an mutually reinforcing effect on the current intensity of the central eddy current field results.
  • the basic concept of the invention is based on the fact that the double utilization of the magnetic flux of a closed magnetic circuit, a double, opposite, eddy current amplifying voltage is induced in the melt stream, wherein the magnetic resistance in the iron core and thus the internal losses are approximately halved.
  • the influence on the melt flow is disproportionately increased by a disproportionate increase in the number of steeper magnetic flux gradients, by a disproportionate increase in the number of amplified eddy current fields with their respective double interaction with the magnetic fields and by a double utilization of the inducing effect of the electric induction coils.
  • the multiple use and the associated distribution of the eddy currents in the individual eddy current fields in the melt stream have a multiple and analog effect on the strengthening of the forces acting on the melt stream.
  • the control device 1 according to FIG. 1 which is preferably used when tapping blast furnaces for controlling the flow velocity and for braking a melt stream 2 by a magnetic field 3 with a constant polarity, has a core 4 of ferromagnetic material, which is formed as a yoke 5 with two poles 6, 7, which form a gap 8 for receiving a guide element 9 in the form of a tube 10 for passing the melt stream 2.
  • a core 4 of ferromagnetic material which is formed as a yoke 5 with two poles 6, 7, which form a gap 8 for receiving a guide element 9 in the form of a tube 10 for passing the melt stream 2.
  • On the yoke 5 sit two induction coils 11, 12 for generating a closed magnetic circuit 13 with the magnetic field 3 of constant polarity between the two poles 6, 7, which is characterized by field lines 14.
  • the melt stream 2 enters the magnetic field 3 in the region 15 and leaves it again in the region 16.
  • a voltage 17 is induced in the melt stream in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field lines 14
  • Lenz axial eddy currents 18 are generated in the melt stream 2 rule. Due to the interaction of magnetic field 3 and eddy currents 18, the so-called Lorentz forces 19 are produced in the melt stream 2, which are opposite to the flow direction a of the melt stream 2 and which thereby exert a braking effect on the melt stream 2, by which the flow velocity of the melt stream is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 For better illustration are in FIG. 1 the induced voltages 17 and the eddy currents 18, 20 drawn by 90 ° from the horizontal plane rotated in the vertical plane.
  • the diagram according to FIG. 2 shows the course of the magnetic flux density in Tessla with the control device 1 according to FIG. 1 Due to the magnetic saturation in the iron, it is only possible with an economically unjustifiable effort to achieve a magnetic flux density that is greater than 2 Tessla generated magnetic field 3 over the length L of the exposure section of the magnetic field.
  • the eddy current on the resulting current path normally interacts only once with a magnetic field and therefore only generates a force once.
  • the new control device 22 after FIG. 3 which is particularly used when tapping blast furnaces for controlling the flow rate and for braking a melt stream 2 in the taphole of a blast furnace, is equipped with a formed by two yokes 24, 25 core 23 of ferromagnetic material, the two in series successively arranged pole pairs 26, 27, each with two poles 28, 29; 30, 31.
  • the two pole pairs 26, 27 form two successively arranged column 32, 33 for receiving a guide element 9 for passing the melt stream 2, which is formed as a pipe 10 or channel.
  • induction coils 38-41 for generating two in the flow direction a of the melt stream 2 in series successively arranged magnetic fields 42, 43 in a closed magnetic circuit 44 between the poles 28, 29; 30, 31 of the two pole pairs 26, 27 are arranged, wherein the two magnetic fields 42, 43 have a constant, opposite polarity.
  • the magnetic fields 42, 43 opposing voltages 45, 46 are induced in the melt stream 2, are generated in the melt stream two axially consecutive eddy current fields 47-49, such that a mutually reinforcing effect on the current of the central eddy current field 48 between the two outer eddy current fields 47, 49 results. Due to the interaction of magnetic fields and eddy currents, forces are generated in the melt stream through which the flow velocity of the melt stream can be reduced.
  • the control device may be extended to the melt flow as needed to increase the braking force acting on a melt stream by an even number of pole pairs over the length L of the exposure section of the magnetic fields.
  • the diagram according to FIG. 4 illustrates the course of the magnetic flux density in Tessla shown in a solid line with the in FIG. 3 illustrated control device 22 in a closed magnetic circuit 44 generated two magnetic fields 42, 43 over the length L of the Ein Obersabterrorisms the magnetic fields on the melt stream and in dashed lines the magnetic flux density of the two magnetic fields of a similar, connected to the first control device 22 further control device.
  • the solid curve in FIG. 4 illustrates that in the control device 22 after FIG. 3 the magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit 44 is used twice and with mutually different polarity.
  • the resulting increase in the magnetic flux density results in a corresponding increase in the eddy current intensity.
  • the double use in a closed magnetic circuit takes place in opposite directions, that is, the magnetic flux is effective in both the positive and in the negative flow direction.
  • This increases the usable magnetic flux density for eddy current formation from about 2 Tessla to 4 Tessla in the same magnetic circuit.
  • the gradient for the decrease of the magnetic flux density in FIG FIG. 4 apparent area 50 between the two magnetic fields 42, 43 particularly large. As a result, the path lengths of the eddy currents and thus the electrical resistances become smaller, which results in a corresponding increase in the current intensities.
  • FIG. 4 clarifies that results in a control device with a closed magnetic circuit, a steep curve of the magnetic flux density between two flat curves and results in two consecutively arranged control devices with two closed magnetic circuits and a double use of the magnetic flux in each magnetic circuit result in three steep curves between two flat curves of the magnetic flux density. As a result, the increase in impact is clearly disproportionate.
  • the magnetic fields 42, 43 are tightly bundled in the region 50 in which they abut each other despite high magnetic flux density. From the correspondingly shortened current paths of the eddy currents and the double effect of the eddy currents it follows that the effect of the electromagnetic influence on the melt current more than doubles.
  • FIG. 5 a further embodiment 51 of the control device is shown, the two series-connected control devices 1 according to FIG. 1 having.
  • the control device 51 is equipped with two successively arranged cores 4, 4 of ferromagnetic material having a yoke 5 with two poles 6, 7, which form a gap 8, wherein by the two in series successively arranged column 8, 8 a guide element , In particular, a taphole channel of a blast furnace for a melt stream 2 is passed.
  • the control device 51 further has two each on the pole pieces of the two yokes 5, 5 arranged induction coils 11, 12 for generating two consecutively arranged magnetic fields 42, 43 with opposite polarity in two separate, closed, opposing magnetic circuits 13, 13 a, wherein the magnetic fields 42 43 trigger in the melt stream 2 axial eddy currents to produce a force acting on the melt stream 2 braking force.
  • control device 51 after FIG. 5 with a simple use of the magnetic flux of two successively arranged, closed magnetic circuits a poorer efficiency, but with this control device, a significant gain of the eddy currents in the melt stream compared to the control device after FIG. 1 achieved with a closed magnetic circuit with a simple use of the magnetic flux.
  • the various control devices 22, 51 can be arranged as an attachment device in front of the outlet opening of the needle hole of a blast furnace or in front of the outlet opening of the outflow channel of a melting furnace around the taphole channel or outflow channel.
  • FIG. 6 goes the arrangement of two successively arranged control devices 22 according to FIG. 3 in front of the outlet opening of a taphole channel of a blast furnace.
  • Within a housing 52 are two closed magnetic circuits 44 arranged with four columns 8 for the double use of the magnetic flux of each magnetic circuit.
  • the melt stream 2 emerging from the taphole channel of the blast furnace flows through the pipe 10 passing through the four gaps 8 between the four pole pairs 26, 27; 26, 27 is guided, wherein the magnetic fields of the two magnetic circuits 44 act on the melt stream 2 over the length L.
  • FIG. 7 For example, three induction coils 53-55 with an iron core of a multiple arrangement of induction coils with an iron core for producing closed magnetic circuits with a double utilization of the magnetic flux are used to form eddy currents in a melt stream 2 flowing through a pipe 10.
  • the coils 53-55 must be operated with alternately opposite polarity.
  • the current directions of the respective right and left coil halves and the direction of the resulting magnetic flux 56 can be seen.
  • Relative to the middle upper core 57 and its magnetic flux not only the associated coil 54 is effective, but also in this plane also the right half of the coil coil 53 of the left core 58 and the left half of the coil coil 55 of the right core 59.
  • the left-hand coil half of the coil 55 of the right-hand core 59 magnetizes both the right-hand core 59 and the central core 57.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de réglage de la vitesse d'écoulement et de freinage de flux de coulée non ferromagnétiques (2) par des champs magnétiques lors de la coulée dans des hauts-fourneaux et des fours de fusion, caractérisé en ce que le flux de coulée (2) est dirigé dans un élément conducteur fermé (9) par au moins deux champs magnétiques (42, 43) se succédant en ligne dans le sens d'écoulement de la coulée et dotés d'une polarité opposée constante de manière à ce que les lignes de champ magnétique traversent le flux de coulée (2) transversalement sur l'ensemble de sa section transversale et à ce que des tensions de sens opposé soient induites par les champs magnétiques (42, 43) dans le flux de coulée, ces tensions générant les au moins trois champs de courant de Foucault axiaux se succédant dans le flux de coulée et que soient générées par l'interaction des champs magnétiques et des courants de Foucault des forces qui permettent de réduire la vitesse d'écoulement du flux de coulée en fonction des forces des champs magnétiques.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le flux magnétique d'un circuit magnétique fermé induit une double tension allant en sens inverse dans le flux de coulée (2) à l'aide de deux champs magnétiques de sens opposé entre respectivement deux pôles (6, 7) de manière à ce qu'un effet se renforçant réciproquement soit obtenu sur l'intensité de courant du champ de courant de Foucault central.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, grâce au double usage du flux magnétique du circuit magnétique fermé, la résistance magnétique dans le noyau ferreux du circuit magnétique et ainsi les pertes internes du circuit magnétique sont approximativement divisées par deux.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, grâce au flux magnétique de deux circuits magnétiques fermés se succédant, des tensions sont induites dans le flux de coulée à l'aide de deux champs magnétiques opposés fermés se succédant entre respectivement deux pôles de manière à obtenir un effet se renforçant réciproquement sur l'intensité de courant du champ axial central de courant de Foucault.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par une succession étroite des champs magnétiques agissant sur le flux de coulée dans un intervalle (8) entre les deux pôles (6, 7) d'un circuit magnétique de manière à ce que le gradient de diminution du flux magnétique soit supérieur vers le bord d'intervalle latéral qu'en cas de formation d'un champ magnétique seulement et que, grâce à la disposition en succession étroite des intervalles, la longueur des pistes de courant de Foucault soit raccourcie dans les champs de courant de Foucault générés dans le flux de coulée et à ce que la résistance électrique soit amoindrie.
  6. Dispositif de de réglage de la vitesse d'écoulement et de freinage de flux de coulée non ferromagnétiques (2) lors de la coulée dans des hauts-fourneaux et des fours de fusion selon les revendications 1 à 3 et 5 du brevet, caractérisé par un noyau (23) formé par deux travées (24, 25) en matériau ferromagnétique et qui présente deux paires de pôles (26, 27) se succédant en ligne comportant respectivement deux pôles (28, 29 ; 30, 31) qui forment deux intervalles (32, 33) se succédant destinés à recevoir un élément conducteur (9) pour un flux de coulée (2) ainsi que quatre bobines d'induction (38-41) disposées sur des épanouissements polaires (34-37) des deux travées (24, 25) du noyau (23) pour générer dans un circuit magnétique fermé deux champs magnétiques (42, 43) se succédant en ligne qui agissent sur le flux de coulée (2) dans un élément conducteur (9) qui est guidé dans les intervalles (32, 33) entre les pôles (28, 29 ; 30, 31) des deux paires de pôles (27, 28).
  7. Dispositif de de réglage de la vitesse d'écoulement et de freinage de flux de coulée non ferromagnétiques lors de la coulée dans des hauts-fourneaux et des fours de fusion suivant le procédé selon les revendications 1, 4 et 5 du brevet, caractérisé par au moins deux noyaux (4, 4) se succédant en ligne en matériau ferromagnétique qui présentent respectivement une travée (5) dotée de deux pôles (6, 7) formant un intervalle (8), un élément conducteur (9) pour un flux de coulée (2) étant passé dans les deux intervalles (8, 8) se succédant, ainsi que deux bobines d'induction (11, 12) disposées respectivement sur les épanouissements polaires des deux travées (5, 5) pour générer deux champs magnétiques se succédant (45, 43) à polarité opposée dans deux circuits magnétiques opposés et fermés séparés (13, 13a), les champs magnétiques déclenchant dans le flux de coulée (2) des courants de Foucault axiaux pour générer une force de freinage agissant sur le flux de coulée.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par une possibilité d'extension de celui-ci autour d'un nombre pair de paires de pôles.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par une possibilité d'extension de celui-ci autour d'un nombre pair et impair de paires de pôles.
  10. Dispositif selon une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé par une disposition de celui-ci sous forme de dispositif additionnel en amont de l'orifice de sortie du canal perforé de coulée d'un haut-fourneau ou d'un orifice de sortie du canal d'écoulement d'un four de fusion.
  11. Dispositif selon une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé par une disposition de celui-ci autour du canal perforé de coulée d'un haut-fourneau ou du canal d'écoulement d'un four de fusion.
EP09781571A 2008-08-07 2009-08-06 Procédé et dispositifs pour la régulation de la vitesse d'écoulement et pour le ralentissement de flux de matière en fusion par des champs magnétiques lors du piquage de contenants métallurgiques tels que hauts-fourneaux et fours de fusion Not-in-force EP2310539B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008036798A DE102008036798A1 (de) 2008-08-07 2008-08-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und zum Abbremsen von Schmelzeströmen durch Magnetfelder, insbesondere beim Abstich von metallurgischen Behältern wie Hochöfen und Schmelzöfen
PCT/EP2009/060225 WO2010015684A1 (fr) 2008-08-07 2009-08-06 Procédé et dispositifs pour la régulation de la vitesse d'écoulement et pour le ralentissement de flux de matière en fusion par des champs magnétiques lors du piquage de contenants métallurgiques tels que hauts-fourneaux et fours de fusion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2310539A1 EP2310539A1 (fr) 2011-04-20
EP2310539B1 true EP2310539B1 (fr) 2012-05-09

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EP09781571A Not-in-force EP2310539B1 (fr) 2008-08-07 2009-08-06 Procédé et dispositifs pour la régulation de la vitesse d'écoulement et pour le ralentissement de flux de matière en fusion par des champs magnétiques lors du piquage de contenants métallurgiques tels que hauts-fourneaux et fours de fusion

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US8658084B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2310539B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5635986B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102177258A (fr)
AT (1) ATE557106T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0917123A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008036798A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2515778C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA103775C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010015684A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201100943B (fr)

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DE102009035241B4 (de) * 2008-08-07 2014-06-12 Tmt Tapping-Measuring-Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Regelung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und zum Abbremsen von nichtferromagnetischen, elektrisch leitfähigen Flüssigkeiten und Schmelzen
CN103900386B (zh) * 2014-04-15 2015-09-30 清华大学 一种液态铝合金电磁输送设备
KR101568601B1 (ko) * 2014-08-19 2015-11-12 주식회사 포스코 전자기력을 이용한 출선 속도 제어 장치
JP6258567B1 (ja) * 2016-05-26 2018-01-10 株式会社Ｉｆｇ 培養液中の細胞の非接触電気刺激装置と非接触電気刺激方法
CN109546841B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2024-03-22 中国原子能科学研究院 一种可变气隙永磁场圆弧导管电磁泵

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US8658084B2 (en) 2014-02-25
ATE557106T1 (de) 2012-05-15
EP2310539A1 (fr) 2011-04-20
DE102008036798A1 (de) 2010-02-18
RU2515778C2 (ru) 2014-05-20
WO2010015684A1 (fr) 2010-02-11
JP5635986B2 (ja) 2014-12-03
CN102177258A (zh) 2011-09-07
UA103775C2 (ru) 2013-11-25
BRPI0917123A2 (pt) 2015-11-17
US20110175265A1 (en) 2011-07-21
ZA201100943B (en) 2013-10-30
RU2011106577A (ru) 2012-09-20
JP2011529795A (ja) 2011-12-15

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