EP2307148B1 - Device for coating an elongated workpiece - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for painting or impregnating a set wood workpiece with the preamble features of claim 1 and an associated method.

With the help of modern joinery machines complex moldings can be made from a large number of materials, such as wood or wood-based materials. For example, it is possible to create complete prefabricated houses made of wood using prefabricated components. The elongated components such as boards, beams, slats are previously created fully automatically from a starting material, such as solid wood beams. The aim here is to increase labor productivity in the production of prefabricated components. However, proves to be problematic when the prefabricated components to be provided with a coating, such as with a paint or glaze. Conventionally, this coating is performed in a paint booth. In order to achieve a uniform application of the coating material on all surfaces and recesses of the workpiece, often several painting passes are necessary. However, it can not be avoided by careful application of the coating material such as impregnations that isolated recesses, such. B. Overlappings, cervical and other carpentry recesses in the finished parts are overlooked. These uncoated parts of the component then form the entrance gate for moisture as well as for pest infestation, which is supposed to be prevented by the coating. Due to the necessary repeated treatment of the surface of the coating order is one of the most complex processing steps, especially in the recesses mentioned.

See as closest prior art WO 03/008107 , respectively. NL 6611948 ,

For the automated application of a coating beats the DE 42 22 349 C2 a paint shop for workpieces, in which the workpieces are introduced on a conveyor device in a paint booth to be painted there starting from a fixed nozzle. The workpieces are fixed on support frames, which are designed to be rotatable about a longitudinal axis. The device shown in the aforementioned patent is particularly suitable for painting vehicle bodies. Due to the elongation of the set wooden pieces and the partially complex surface design, the use of the proven in the DE 42 22 349 C2 However, the painting system shown as little practicable. This also applies to the devices according to the WO 03/00817 A (for coating pipes) or the DE 580 956 C (for spraying elongated workpieces, such as strips).

Another, also suitable for painting bodywork device shows the DE 11 75 126 , Here it is proposed to arrange a nozzle for a paint on a pivotable and einknickbaren boom. The bodies to be painted are guided past the boom on a conveying device and painted on all sides. Also, this system proves to be disadvantageous for the coating of set workpieces with high linear expansion, since the sometimes complex surface structures can be achieved only with difficulty due to the limited mobility of the boom. In addition, the use of in the DE 11 75 126 apparatus shown a painting chamber into which the entire workpiece is introduced. Again, this proves to be complicated due to the elongation of the set wood pieces.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device and a method for painting or impregnating an elongated wood workpiece available that allows for the lowest requirements on the footprint a complete and complete job even with complex surface structures. This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 8. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for painting a set wooden workpiece and has at least one nozzle aligned with the wooden workpiece. From this nozzle emerges in the coating process, the coating material, which can be sprayed by the adjustability of the nozzle (-n) in several degrees of freedom exactly to the corners or edges, for example. A beam. The coating is, for example, a lacquer, a glaze or other suitable materials for surface coating. The device according to the invention is characterized in that the nozzle is arranged on a substantially aligned perpendicular to the workpiece longitudinal axis, suspended in a frame holder, which is designed as a turntable. Due to this embodiment of the device, this has only a relatively small footprint and can be integrated in an existing production plant in a particularly simple and space-saving manner, so that the workpieces to be painted are passed through the device during the painting process and thereby accurately coated or painted, namely by the exact alignment on the corner or edge areas of cutouts, incisions or similar recesses, in particular a beam. An elongate wood workpiece is here understood to mean a workpiece that is at least 10 times as long as its width, eg, boards, but not relatively compact vehicle bodies.

It is considered particularly favorable if the frame is designed as a fixed portal. This fixed portal not only serves as a holder for the frame, but can also be used as a holder for the operating and drive elements of the device. These elements, for example, a compressor for the pressurization of the coating material or a drive unit for the holder, for example, suspended above the bracket on the frame or attached to this are then outside the sphere of influence of the nozzles for the coating material and are thus not polluted by this ,

It proves to be advantageous, moreover, if the holder for the nozzle is formed transversely and / or height adjustable. Because of this adjustability, the device can be variably adapted to the position and shape of the workpieces to be coated or coated and the recesses contained therein. In addition, it proves to be advantageous if the holder is designed as a substantially linearly oriented to the workpiece longitudinal axis linear guide. It is conceivable that a plurality of brackets are provided on the frame or on the sides of the frame and the workpiece passed through the device can be coated on all sides in one operation.

It is considered particularly recommendable if the nozzle arranged on the peripheral region of the turntable is designed to be adjustable in the horizontal, vertical and / or radial direction and has at least three degrees of freedom. The arrangement of an adjustable nozzle on a rotatable ring makes it possible to coat or paint even complex structures (openings, recesses, bevels, etc.) of workpieces passed through the device in a single operation.

In order to further improve the adjustment of the nozzle in the radial direction, it is considered to be advisable if for this purpose a curved rail is provided by which a diversion of the nozzle movement is achieved by a rotational movement in a substantially linear or radial movement. Due to this adjustable radial movement of the nozzle, it is ensured that the nozzles always maintain the same distance to the workpiece surface as a function of the workpiece geometry. This ensures a uniform application of material on the surface even of complicated cutouts, inclined surfaces, etc. Such a control of the feed in the respective space axis (and / or around it) is particularly advantageous if only partial areas of the beam surface, eg. The visible surfaces of the rafters are painted / glazed, the later of Roof truss protruding over the masonry. This z. B. the inclined surface at the foot of the rafter are painted intensely special.

It proves to be particularly advantageous if the rotation of the ring takes place via a crankshaft gear engaging on the rim circumference and / or a belt drive. In this case, for example, it can also be provided that initially the lifting gear carries out the movement in a circumferential direction of the ring, wherein the return movement takes place via a belt drive. Of course, it is also possible to perform the rotation of the ring (eg by ± 90 °) exclusively via a crank loop or a belt drive. Depending on the design of the nozzle and the associated lines and hoses for the coating material, a rotation of the ring takes place by up to 360 °. When the crown is rotated through 360 °, the arrangement of a single nozzle on the rim circumference is sufficient to reach all surface parts of the workpiece. If, however, two or more nozzles are arranged on the rim circumference, a turnability of the rim by 180 ° or by only 90 ° proves to be absolutely sufficient to carry out a full-surface coating application on the workpiece surface. In the arrangement of more than two nozzles also an acceleration of the painting process is achieved. As a result, a further reduction in the cycle times can be realized during production.

It is not uncommon for the set workpieces to have inclined end faces whose coating / painting proves to be difficult. In order to be able to perform a satisfactory coating of the end faces, it is therefore considered favorable if the holder is designed to be pivotable in the direction of the workpiece longitudinal axis. By pivoting the holder, a movement of the holder adapted to the shape of the end faces or other inclined surfaces of the workpiece and thus an optimal coating of the workpiece can be performed. A possibly necessary post-processing of the end faces or the other inclined surfaces of the workpiece can thus be avoided and the labor productivity can be further increased.

To different coating materials, such. B. different-colored paints or coating materials with different chemical properties on the same device to apply, it is on the one hand possible to arrange several nozzles side by side on the holder. Preferably, however, a plurality of brackets hung in series on the device is provided in this connection. This can also be avoided that the entire system must be shut down during maintenance or failure of a device.

• Zunächst wird wenigstens ein in einer Speichereinrichtung abgelegter Datensatz aus der Speichereinrichtung ausgelesen. Der Datensatz umfasst dabei Informationen zur Werkstückgeometrie. In einem nächsten Schritt erfolgt das Umsetzen des Datensatzes in Steuerbefehle für den Werkzeugvorschub und/oder die Bewegung der wie oben beschriebenen Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung des Werkstückes. Als besonders günstig erweist sich in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn die Informationen aus dem Datensatz zusätzlich in Steuerbefehle für die Düsenverstellung und/oder die Bewegung, z. B. die Verschwenkung der Halterung umgesetzt werden.

The inventive method for coating a workpiece, and in particular for painting a wooden workpiece from a joinery system comprises the following steps:

• First, at least one data record stored in a memory device is read from the memory device. The data set includes information about the workpiece geometry. In a next step, the data set is converted into control commands for the tool feed and / or the movement of the device for coating the workpiece as described above. In this context, it proves to be particularly favorable, if the information from the data set additionally in control commands for the nozzle adjustment and / or the movement, for. B. the pivoting of the holder can be implemented.

Precise information about the workpiece geometry are of particular importance when operating a fully automatic joinery system. It is therefore considered to be particularly recommendable if the data record with information about the workpiece geometry (eg length, depth, bevel of a cutout) is forwarded from the control of an upstream joinery system to the memory device. The inventive method thus enables a fully automated and continuous work progress from the delivery of the unprocessed workpiece blanks on the joinery to painting and for removal after the painting or coating process.

Furthermore, it is considered favorable if the data record with information on the workpiece geometry is read out after identification of the individual workpiece from a central storage device. It proves to be advisable if the workpiece has identification means in the form of a machine-readable code. This code can be applied, for example in the form of a bar code after processing in the joinery or in any other upstream processing station on the workpiece and then detected and processed by appropriate, arranged on the device for coating the workpiece readers.

In connection with a fully automatic processing of the workpiece and in particular in an automated coating, it is particularly important to take into account the alignment of the workpiece in the control of the movements of the holder. It is therefore considered advantageous if, prior to the start of the coating process, a detection of the alignment of the workpiece as well as a corresponding adaptation of the movement starts is carried out on this alignment.

A plant for coating a workpiece, in particular for painting a wood workpiece transferred from one of the plants to the plant, comprises a feeding device for the workpiece to the plant, at least one arranged in the system, as described above device for coating the workpiece, a removal device for the coated workpiece from the plant, a control for the movement of the feeder, the device for coating the workpiece and / or the removal device, a memory device for records with information on workpiece geometry and a device for transferring the data sets to the controller. In the system, a movement of the supply device, the device for coating the workpiece and / or the removal device is provided relative to the workpiece geometry. With the system, the following example shown workflow is performed.

A wood workpiece processed on a joinery machine is transferred via the feeding device to the device for coating the workpiece. As feeders are all types of linear conveyors as well as driverless transport vehicles or transport systems. By using appropriate feeders, it is possible to set up the components of the system spatially separated during operation. The workpiece transported to the device for coating the workpiece is now passed through the device and thereby coated with the coating material. When the workpiece is passed through the coating device, the device movement is controlled, ie, the movement of the holder and the nozzles provided on the holder relative to the workpiece geometry. The data sets with information about the workpiece geometry are read from a storage device before the start of the coating process and passed to the controller after appropriate preparation. The reading out and / or processing and passing on of the data sets is carried out using computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) known CAM / CAD computer programs. After completion of the coating or painting process, the removal of the coated workpiece takes place via a removal device. For removal are also the previously mentioned linear conveyors; However, it is also possible to use transport vehicles or transport systems which at the same time can have drying agents, such as blowers or heat lamps, which ensure curing or drying of the coating material during transport. Subsequently, the transfer of the workpieces to a downstream packaging or processing station can be carried out via the removal device.

In order to achieve an optimal coating of all surfaces of the workpiece, it is considered favorable if the system additionally has a device for rotating or aligning the workpiece. This system can both upstream of the device for coating and this can be arranged downstream in the system. With an upstream rotation or alignment device, an optimal feeding of the workpiece to the coating device can be performed.

If the rotation or alignment device of the device downstream of the coating, so also an optimal alignment of the workpiece for the transfer in the production process can be performed. Of course, it is also possible to arrange a rotation or alignment device both before and after the device for coating the workpiece. It is also considered to be recommendable if the datasets containing information on the workpiece geometry are read out of the upstream joinery installation and forwarded to the storage facility of the facility. The storage device then communicates with the device for transferring the data records to the controller, which in turn performs the movements of the feed device and of the coating device as a function of the workpiece geometry.

It is regarded as favorable if the memory device is designed as a central data memory and a line-bound or line-independent connection of the system to the data memory is provided. In order to verify the information about the workpiece geometry obtained from the data sets, the system preferably additionally has a detection device for the geometry of the workpiece or for its orientation.

• Fig. 1 eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zum Beschichten eines Werkstückes;
• Fig. 2 eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung;
• Fig. 3 eine die Vorrichtung umfassende Anlage in Seitenansicht; und
• Fig. 4 eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Anlage in der Draufsicht.

Further advantages, features and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred, but not limiting embodiments of the invention with reference to the schematic and not to scale drawings. It shows:

• Fig. 1 a preferred embodiment of the device for coating a workpiece;
• Fig. 2 a further preferred embodiment of the device;
• Fig. 3 a device comprising the device in side view; and
• Fig. 4 a preferred embodiment of the system in plan view.

Fig. 1 shows a device 10 for coating a workpiece 20, which has a suspended in a fixed frame 17 bracket 11 for to be coated on the Workpiece 20 aligned nozzles 14 has. The holder 11 has a turntable 12, at the peripheral region 13 corresponding nozzles 14, from which the coating material 15 exits, are arranged. The turntable 12 is in the embodiment of Fig. 1 rotatable by 90 °. During rotation of the turntable 12, the coating material 15 exits from the nozzles 14 and deposits on the surfaces 22 of the workpiece 20 as it is conveyed through the device 10. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 the turntable 12 is formed as a circular element. However, it is also conceivable that the formation of a substantially circular structure, for example, from two opposite U or L rails on which the nozzles 14 are arranged. Furthermore, it is possible to form the turntable 12 segmented, wherein depending on the complaint of the segments (not shown), an enlargement of the circumference 13 of the turntable 12 can be performed. A correspondingly configured with segmented turntable 12 device 10 thus allows the adaptation of the size of the passage opening 21 to a variety of cross-sections of the workpiece 20th

The arranged on the circumference of the turntable 12 nozzles 14 are adjustable in horizontal, vertical and / or radial direction. Due to this adjustability of the nozzles 14, it is possible, in conjunction with the rotation of the turntable 12 almost all surfaces 22 of the workpiece 20, even if they have a strong structuring to wet with the coating material 15, without performing several painting or coating operations have to. While the horizontal and vertical adjustment is performed by joints 19 acting directly on the nozzles 14, the adjustment takes place in the radial direction via a curved rail 23. This curved rail 23 converts the movement of the nozzles 14 from a rotational movement into a largely linear or radial movement and thus guarantees, depending on the workpiece geometry, an always equal distance of the nozzles 14 to the surface 22 of the workpiece 20. It is thus ensured that a uniform application of the coating material 15 is always carried out. The nozzle provided with the reference numeral 14 sprays approximately at right angles into a pocket on the left side surface of the beam 20 by pivoting the nozzle 14 (either at the joint 19 and / or on the turntable 12) by a few angular degrees (eg ± 20 °) in the drawing plane shown here, the upper and lower pocket sides 20 'of the recess (eg a purlin store) can also be well sprayed.

The frame 11 is in the embodiment of Fig. 1 designed height and transversely adjustable. To perform this height adjustment, the device 10 has a likewise suspended from the frame 11 electric motor 24, which has a drive belt 25 actuates the adjustment element 26 for the height adjustment. Also, by the electric motor 24, the crank gear 27 is driven, which engages the periphery 13 of the turntable 12 and performs the rotation of the turntable 12 about the beam longitudinal axis. The device 10 has an additional motor 30, via which a pivoting and / or transverse movement of the holder 11 can be performed. With the pivoting of the holder 11 in the direction of the workpiece longitudinal axis, it is also possible to coat or lacquer inclined end faces 31 of the workpiece 20 (eg foot of rafters).

In the embodiment of the Fig. 1 shown turntable 12 is formed rotatable by 90 °. Due to the circumferentially 13 of the turntable 12 positioned nozzles 14 can thus be performed by rotation of the turntable 12 by 90 °, a coating of all surfaces 22 of the workpiece 20 in one operation. If only two nozzles 14 are provided on the circumference 13 of the turntable 12, rotation of the turntable 12 must take place through 180 ° in order to coat all surfaces 22 of the workpiece 20. If only one nozzle 14 is provided on the periphery 13, the corresponding coating effect can be achieved by rotation of the turntable 12 by up to 360 °.

The workpiece 20 is elevated in the embodiment on a conveying device 29 shown only hinted and is transported on this through the stationary mounted device 10 through and thereby painted.

Fig. 2 shows a substantially with the device 10 from Fig. 1 comparable device 10 for coating a workpiece. Instead of a crank stroke 27, via which the rotation of the turntable 12 is performed, the device in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 a belt drive 28 for rotating the turntable 12. Again, in turn, a rotation of the turntable 12 is provided by only 90 °, since by the circumferentially 13 of the turntable 12 arranged nozzles 14 a coating of the surfaces 22 of the workpiece 20 can already be achieved by a rotation of 90 °.

In addition to the rotation and height adjustment of the holder 11 causing electric motor 24 also has in Fig. 2 shown device 10 an additional motor 30, via which a pivoting of the holder 11 can be performed. With this pivoting of the holder 11 in the direction of the workpiece longitudinal axis, it is possible to coat also inclined end faces 31 of the workpiece 20 or to paint. Each of the circumferences 13 of the turntable 12 arranged nozzles 14 has its own supply for the coating material 15. It is thus possible with a single holder 11 and after arranging a sufficient number of nozzles fourteenth Apply different coating materials 15 on the same support 11 and in a single operation on the workpiece 20. Depending on the information from the control, the application of the coating material 15 can also follow one after the other so that parts of the workpiece 20 are coated with a first coating material 15, while further portions are exposed to a second, third, etc. coating material 15.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a plant 40, which comprises a device 10 for coating a workpiece 20 as described above. The system 40 has in the embodiment of Fig. 3 via a feed device 50, via which beam-like workpieces 20 are fed to the downstream device 10 for coating. In front of the device 10, the system 40 additionally has an alignment device 60 which ensures an ordered, aligned feeding of the workpiece 20 to the device 10. The feed device 50 upstream, but in Fig. 3 not shown, there is a joinery on which the recesses 70 are milled or cut in the workpiece 20. From the joinery system, the data or the data sets stored therein with information about the workpiece geometry are forwarded to an evaluation unit 16 provided in the device 10 and processed there in such a way that, starting from the information provided, a control of the movement sequence of the device 10 or the Alignment of the nozzles 14, which are arranged in the embodiment of the cover 18, can take place.

Due to this control, it is possible to uniformly wet all the recesses 70 in the workpiece 20 in a single operation with the coating material 15. After passing through the device 10, the workpiece 20 is passed to a removal device 80, which in addition to a necessary for the transport of the workpiece 20 conveyor unit, eg. a roller conveyor 81 heat lamps 82 for the drying of the coated or painted surfaces 22 has. After drying of the coating on the removal device 80, the workpiece 20 can be forwarded by the removal device 80 directly to downstream processing, packaging or transport stations (not shown).

In Fig. 4 will be like in Fig. 3 described plant 40 shown in plan view. Unlike the in Fig. 3 shown plant 40 takes place here a loading of the feeder 50 in the manual process, ie the set workpieces 20 are transported to the system 40 and then placed on the feeder 50 by an operator 90. The system 40 has in the embodiment of Fig. 4 via detection means (not shown) for one attached to the workpieces 20 Code by means of which the workpiece 20 is uniquely identified. After identification of the workpiece 20, the associated data set with information on the geometry which is used to control the device 10 for coating, read from a central memory and processed for the control of the device 10 in an evaluation unit 16. After feeding the workpiece 20 to the device 10, the painting process begins after the proper alignment of the workpiece 20 has been checked by a corresponding detection device (not shown). If the workpiece 20 is not properly aligned, the in Fig. 4 shown plant 40 via an additional alignment device 60 for the workpiece 20, which align it according to the specifications by the controller. The feeding device 50 guides the workpiece 20 through the device 10 as far as a removal device 80 arranged downstream of the device 10. In the exemplary embodiment, the latter has a multiplicity of linear conveyors 92 aligned perpendicular to the feed direction of the workpiece 20, which supply the workpiece 20 to a heat lamp 82 Pass on the trolley 93. After complete filling of the trolley 93 this moves fully automatically to a packaging or finishing station (in Fig. 4 not shown) and a new, empty trolley 93 is brought to the plant 40. <B><u> REFERENCE LIST </ u></b> 28 = belt drive 10 = device 29 = conveying device 11 = holder 30 = engine 12 = slewing ring 31 = front side 13 = peripheral area 40 = plant 14 = nozzle 50 = feeding device 15 = coating material 60 = alignment device 16 = control unit 70 = recesses 17 = frame 80 = removal device 18 = cover 81 = roller conveyor 19 = joint 82 = heat lamp 20 = workpiece 90 = operator 21 = passage opening 92 = linear conveyor 22 = surface 93 = trolley 23 = curved rail 24 = electric motor 25 = drive belt 26 = adjusting element 27 = crankcase

Claims (10)

1. Device (10) for painting or impregnating a joinable wooden workpiece (20), having at least one nozzle (14), directed towards the workpiece (20), wherein the nozzle (14) is disposed on a holder (11) aligned substantially perpendicular to the workpiece longitudinal axis and being suspended in a frame (17), wherein the holder is formed as rotating assembly (12) and the nozzle (14) is arranged at the rotating assembly (12),
   characterised in that the holder (11) is pivotable towards the workpiece longitudinal axis.
2. Device (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the holder (11) is adjustable in vertical and/or transverse direction.
3. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holder (11) is formed as linear guide being generally perpendicular to the workpiece longitudinal axis.
4. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the nozzle (14) is adjustable in horizontal, vertical and/or radial direction.
5. Device (10) according to claim 4, characterised in that a curve rail (23) is provided for the movement of the nozzle (14) in radial direction
6. Device (10) according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the rotation of the rotating assembly (12) is carried out via a crank stroke transmission (27) and/or a belt drive (28), that engages the periphery (13), wherein a rotation of the rotating assembly (12) up to 360°, In particular up to 180°, preferably up to 90° is provided.
7. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a multiplicity of holders (11) are arranged in series.
8. Method for painting or impregnating an elongated wooden workpiece (20), from a joinery system, comprising the steps:

   - reading at least one record with information on the workpiece geometry, stored in memory means, and

   - transferring of the record into control commands for movement of the workpiece and/or the device (10) for coating the workpiece (20) by at least one nozzle (14) arranged in a holder (11) formed as rotating assembly (12) and pivotably suspended in a frame (17).
9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that
   the record is additionally compiled into control commands for nozzle adjustment and/or for pivoting of the holder (11).
10. Method according to one of the claims 8 or 9, characterised in that
    records from the control of a scantling system are passed to memory means and/or are selected from a central memory after identification of the workpiece (20).

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