EP2301877B1 - Procédé de contrôle optique pour l'évaluation de la qualité dans le traitement d'impression ultérieur - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle optique pour l'évaluation de la qualité dans le traitement d'impression ultérieur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2301877B1
EP2301877B1 EP20090171148 EP09171148A EP2301877B1 EP 2301877 B1 EP2301877 B1 EP 2301877B1 EP 20090171148 EP20090171148 EP 20090171148 EP 09171148 A EP09171148 A EP 09171148A EP 2301877 B1 EP2301877 B1 EP 2301877B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
line
light
light line
control method
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20090171148
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2301877A1 (fr
Inventor
Carl Conrad Mäder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferag AG
Original Assignee
Ferag AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferag AG filed Critical Ferag AG
Priority to EP20090171148 priority Critical patent/EP2301877B1/fr
Priority to DK09171148T priority patent/DK2301877T3/da
Priority to PCT/EP2010/005522 priority patent/WO2011035857A1/fr
Publication of EP2301877A1 publication Critical patent/EP2301877A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2301877B1 publication Critical patent/EP2301877B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H43/00—Use of control, checking, or safety devices, e.g. automatic devices comprising an element for sensing a variable
    • B65H43/08—Photoelectric devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
    • B65H29/66—Advancing articles in overlapping streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/42—Piling, depiling, handling piles
    • B65H2301/422—Handling piles, sets or stacks of articles
    • B65H2301/4224—Gripping piles, sets or stacks of articles
    • B65H2301/42244—Sets in which articles are offset to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
    • B65H2553/40—Sensing or detecting means using optical, e.g. photographic, elements
    • B65H2553/42—Cameras
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/50—Use of particular electromagnetic waves, e.g. light, radiowaves or microwaves
    • B65H2557/51—Laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/13—Parts concerned of the handled material
    • B65H2701/132—Side portions
    • B65H2701/1321—Side portions of folded article or web
    • B65H2701/13212—Fold, spine portion of folded article

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical control method for quality evaluation in the print finishing according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing the method according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • the device has a light source, an optical sensor and an evaluation unit connected to the optical sensor.
  • the light source in a preferred embodiment, a laser, has a beam shaping optics, for example in the form of optical lenses, in particular of cylindrical lenses, of apertures or diffractive optical elements, through which the emitted light, a predetermined illumination beam profile "imprinted" is. Within the illumination beam profile objects are irradiated with light.
  • the light source can be assigned an optical axis via the beam shaping optics, which extends straight from the light source in space. This optical axis forms in the sense of WO2008119192 at the same time a central beam axis of the illumination beam profile and is referred to in the publication as the illumination beam axis.
  • the optical sensor in a preferred embodiment for example an electronic camera with a plurality of photosensitive elements, is equipped with a detection optical system for forming a detection beam profile.
  • detection optics for example, a camera lens is used.
  • the detection beam profile includes all the locations from which the optical sensor can detect light.
  • the detection beam profile of the optical sensor is composed of the individual detection beam profiles associated with each individual photosensitive element.
  • the detection beam profile of the optical sensor could be visualized by replacing the photosensitive elements with small light sources.
  • an optical axis can also be assigned to the optical sensor via the detection optics. This optical axis forms in the sense of WO2008119192 simultaneously a central beam axis of the detection beam profile and is also referred to as detection beam axis.
  • the illumination beam profile and the detection beam profile are aligned at an angle to one another in such a way that they overlap in a detection area.
  • the illumination beam axis and the detection beam axis are even in one plane.
  • the optical sensor may generate a detection signal with information about the detected portion of the surface profile.
  • the detection signal is forwarded to a downstream evaluation unit.
  • the evaluation unit preferably a computer, can use the detection signal to determine the number of areal products which were located in the detection area at the time of detection.
  • the apparatus for counting and detecting sheet-like products is assigned a transport device.
  • the sheet-like products moved through the detection area along a transport direction with the aid of the transport device are preferably continuously counted in order, for example, to check their completeness.
  • the illumination beam axis is preferably aligned inclined relative to the surface normal of, for example, resting on a conveyor belt or transported by means of brackets or grippers flat products.
  • the illumination beam profile in the detection area is preferably formed by means of the beam shaping optics as a substantially rectilinear region, in particular as a so-called illumination line, which illuminates the section of the surface profile of the planar products in a defined manner.
  • the illumination line extends substantially parallel to the transport direction.
  • a computer-executable image processing program can then determine from the image of the projected illumination line on the basis of the curvatures and paragraphs the number of planar products that have been in the detection area.
  • the recording or detection time is short compared to the time within which a flat product has moved by the amount of its thickness.
  • the number of surface products located in the detection area is determined solely from the detected surface profile of the sheet-like products. It is not necessary to attach identification information to the sheet products. Due to the relative to the ambient light comparatively high intensity of the light generated by the light source in the illumination beam profile, in particular within the illumination line in the detection area, there is sufficient contrast in the image recordings, so that a reliable identification of the illuminated surface profile is guaranteed.
  • the optical sensor may be provided with corresponding filter elements to further reduce the interference of ambient light.
  • the WO 2008119192 it is described as particularly preferred to assign the device for counting and detecting sheet products a transport device.
  • the sheet-like products moved through the detection area along a transport direction with the aid of the transport device are preferably continuously counted in order, for example, to check their completeness.
  • the illumination beam axis is preferably aligned inclined relative to the surface normal of, for example, resting on a conveyor belt or transported by means of brackets or grippers flat products.
  • the illumination beam profile in the detection area is preferably formed by means of the beam shaping optics as a substantially rectilinear region, in particular as a so-called illumination line, which illuminates the section of the surface profile of the planar products in a defined manner.
  • the illumination line extends substantially parallel to the transport direction.
  • a camera Immediately above the sheet products, with its detection beam axis slightly inclined to the surface normal and aligned substantially perpendicular to the transport direction, is located a camera as an optical sensor.
  • the detection beam profile is formed by the detection optics such that an image of the light line projected onto the surface of the planar products by the light source is generated on the photosensitive elements of the camera.
  • the recording or detection time is short compared to the time within which a flat product has moved by the amount of its thickness.
  • the number of surface products located in the detection area is determined solely from the detected surface profile of the sheet-like products. It is not necessary to attach identification information to the sheet products. Due to the relative to the ambient light comparatively high intensity of the light generated by the light source in the illumination beam profile, in particular within the illumination line in the detection area, there is sufficient contrast in the image recordings, so that a reliable identification of the illuminated surface profile is guaranteed.
  • the optical sensor may be provided with corresponding filter elements to further reduce the interference of ambient light.
  • a device for detecting double prints in a separator of postal, overlapping, flowing objects is described.
  • a light projector arranged laterally to the letter mail projects at least one light line transversely to a potential overlapping area of the letters
  • a camera positioned laterally to the letters and positioned obliquely to the light projector takes a picture of the projected light line and its displacements (or curvatures, size changes or more generally geometrical Deviations from a reference line shown in double-deduction items).
  • the EP 2 030 924 A1 discloses a device for controlling the position and / or at least one dimension of printed products transported flat in a flow.
  • the device has a conveying device for transporting the printed products.
  • a sensor connected to a controller projects a light curtain onto the printed product (light rays). The light rays of the light curtain fall partially on a reflector, these light rays are reflected by the reflector back to the sensor.
  • the sensor is directed to a freestanding flat side and / or a side edge of the printed products so the position of the corresponding edge of the printed product can be detected.
  • the method according to the present invention makes it possible to generate measurement information based on the product identifier determined from the electronic image.
  • This measurement information is again the objective basis for the quality assessment. It not only allows to determine the number of products present in a given area, but - as described in detail below - to make a real quality assessment.
  • line profile should be understood in the context of the present application, on the one hand surface profiles, as already in the WO 2008/119192 by the applicant, in which the curvatures and steps of the illumination line projected on the uneven "projection surface” of the product streams are reproduced.
  • line profile also includes intensity profiles which are caused by differences in the reflection and / or absorption behavior of the surfaces illuminated by the light line, regardless of whether these surfaces are plane or uneven "projection surfaces”.
  • line profile also includes profiles in which changes in the light line are caused by scattering or diffraction of the preferably monochromatic light, in particular at product edges.
  • an orientation and / or a position of the product is determined; and generating the measurement information based on the orientation and / or location of the product.
  • the at least two line profiles defined by light lines are generated essentially along a longitudinal axis of the conveying path, respectively parallel to the conveying direction, and the orientation and / or position of the products, product stacks or product groups to be controlled is determined with respect to the longitudinal axis.
  • Such linear situations can be found in print finishing, for example in straight sections of product scale streams, Straight sections of conveyor lines of staple or rapier conveyors, straight belt conveyors, single-pass belts and the like.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that the quality control can be carried out very simply and with high precision, even in non-linear situations.
  • the quality of product flows for example of scale flows, in curves in the plane or in the room, of products in processing drums or on windings can be well monitored, since the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention hardly any restrictions with respect to the spatial orientation of the products to be monitored make necessary.
  • the inventive method can also be used advantageously for quality control, if the products to be controlled are transported and / or processed in bags or conveyor drums.
  • the method and apparatus provide users with a high degree of variation in the arrangement of the lines of light on the products, product groups and / or product streams to be controlled.
  • the lines of light can be aligned, for example, depending on the spatial conditions in the processing plant or on the expected types of errors in any other angular positions to the longitudinal and / or transverse axes of the products or the conveying directions.
  • the generated beam profiles can be changed and / or redirected so that more than one light source can be generated at different positions in desired lengths with desired sharpness with only one radiation source ,
  • the electronic image of the line profile generated by the light line on the illuminated surface will be referred to as the light line. It is readily possible for a person skilled in the art to recognize from the context whether the light lines described are the light lines actually projected on products or the electronically detected, stored, processed, etc. virtual light lines.
  • the difference between an actually recorded input image and a dark image taken with the lens covered by the camera is preferably calculated and used to correct the recorded input image.
  • the noise reduction, respectively highlighting the recorded light line is preferably a matched filter or optimal filter in the essentially follows the shape of the expected light line and its width, and the noise is more suppressed with increasing distance from a center pixel line of this expected line.
  • the actual detection of the light line is carried out according to a first embodiment by determining the pixel with the maximum brightness values of each image line and the assignment of this pixel to the line if its brightness value exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • This method which now generates a one-pixel-wide virtual light line, is particularly useful for detecting changes in the line profile that are due to directional changes and / or breakages when filling existing gaps in the line.
  • the position of the line does not very precisely characterize the light line in many cases, there may be kinks in the line which can make it difficult to determine the actual course of the line they are similar, such as "kinks" by product edges, for example, in the transition between two products. For this reason, the position of the line is preferably approximated to the actual position.
  • the algorithm used must allow the kinks to pass through the product edges / transitions, but smoothen false kinks.
  • a gap in the line corresponds to a region with low reflection and thus represents no error in the line, but the actually desired information dar.
  • the predetermined threshold for the assignment of the pixels to the light line can be set so high that it is only achieved by the points of the light line, which lie in the region of the highly reflective surface of the sticker. The beginning and end of the detected light line in this case correspond to the two edge points of the sticker.
  • a further step at least a first derivative of the light line is calculated, then the zero crossings of the derivative of the light line, and thus the direction changes of the light line are determined.
  • the derived signal can be very noisy, it is preferably additionally filtered with a low-pass filter.
  • a low-pass filter eg FIR filter, window method, Hamming window.
  • FIR filter inserts a shift of (number of coefficients -1) / 2, the filtered signal is corrected accordingly.
  • a second derivative can be calculated, in which the filtered first derivative is derived again. If one considers the number of zero crossings of the second derivative (inflection points) which occur after the maximum of the first derivative, this number can be a measure of whether the analyzed image region contains no, one, two or more product edges.
  • the inventive further information about the position of the edge points is assigned to each of these.
  • the position information is pinpoint coded as y- and x-value, or blurred, for example, over four position values (for example: y1, y1 + n, x1, x1 + m) which covers a range of (for example (1 + n) x (1 + m)) define pixels. This range may even match the crop after cropping.
  • the control method according to the invention makes it possible, by means of the generated measurement information, to determine an edge number which, for example, corresponds to a product number, based on features of the curve shape of the light line.
  • the measurement information is generated as possible in real time, preferably within a work cycle time.
  • substantially monochromatic light sources for example lasers
  • the cameras used for image acquisition can be provided with filter elements to make the inventive system even less susceptible to interference.
  • pulsed lasers are used, which are clocked synchronously to the product clock.
  • the lasers can be clocked in known manner via light barriers or other clocks. This increases the service life of the lasers and at the same time reduces energy consumption.
  • the optical sensor can also be clocked.
  • the laser lines produced are kept as short as possible.
  • short laser lines of a few centimeters in length are often sufficient. Since misplacements can also be detected on the basis of the absence of edge points, it is not absolutely necessary to illuminate the entire area within which an edge point could lie, for example, in the case of an incorrectly positioned product. In extreme cases, it is only necessary to illuminate the tolerance range within which an edge point must lie with a correct product position, product size, etc.
  • suitable filters and / or additional lenses and / or mirror devices multiple lines of light can be generated at different positions by means of a single laser.
  • the light energy for example the laser energy
  • the light energy is preferably distributed homogeneously over the line profile to be generated. This makes it possible to keep the number of image processing steps as low as possible, since changes in the line profile directly attributable to the edge points to be detected can be attributed to a per se homogeneous brightness distribution. It should be mentioned again that changes in the line profile should be understood as meaning changes of direction and / or interruptions as well as changes in width and / or intensity.
  • the optical sensor is preferably arranged with an oblique to the beam axis of the projection means extending optical axis away from the products to be controlled when surface profiles are to be detected.
  • the two axes can be aligned parallel to each other and at a small distance.
  • more than one projection means and / or more than one optical sensor are used.
  • the Swiss application CH number not yet known
  • Mirrors are used.
  • the front and back of a product group can be acted on simultaneously with a beam profile and a mirror beam profile, and the areas thus exposed can be simultaneously detected by means of mirrors from a single camera.
  • the image processing unit is set up such that the at least one product identifier can be determined by determining position information of at least one product edge point, and the measurement information can be generated based on the position information of the at least one product edge point.
  • the projection means are preferably set up in such a way that at least two line profiles defined by light lines are generated with spatial position known to each other and the image processing unit is set up to determine position information from at least one product edge point based on the at least two line profiles defined by the light lines.
  • the image processing unit is configured to determine the at least one product identifier by determining the light line in the electronic image, determining a curve shape of the light line and determining a position specification of a product edge point from the curve of the light line.
  • the image processing unit is set up in such a way that the curve of the light line is rotated by rotation of the electronic image into a desired position, calculation of at least one derivative of the light line, calculation of Zero crossings of the derivative of the light line, and determination of changes in direction of the light line to determine.
  • the measurement information can be generated by determining a product number based on features of the curve of the light line, wherein the characteristics of the curve comprise at least one of: number of zero crossings of a first derivative of the light line, maximum value of the first derivative, Number of zero crossings of a second derivative of the light line occurring after the maximum value of the first derivative, and magnitude of an angle of change of direction of the light line.
  • the quality of the product flow is determined and controlled by printed in brackets K printed products 101, 102.
  • brackets K are indicated, each holding two folded printed products 101, 102 in the region of the folded edge 110.
  • two products each 101, 102 promoted by a bracket K.
  • the products 101, 102 are arranged offset from one another, so that the leading in the conveying direction F product 101 each further into the bracket K projects as the trailing in the conveying direction F product 102.
  • all products 101, 102 are correct in the brackets K. aligned.
  • a pair of printed products 101, 102 are subjected to four laser lines 2, 3, 4, 5, which are generated by at least one laser 10.
  • Two of the laser lines 2, 3 are aligned on the printed products parallel to their side edges 111 and in the conveying direction F and extend at least over the regions of the front folded edge 110.
  • Two of the laser lines 4, 5 extend transversely to the conveying direction and run approximately parallel to the folded edge 110 For energetic reasons it is advantageous to keep the laser lines as short as possible and to use pulsed lasers as already described above.
  • An electronic camera 20 detects all laser lines in the detection area.
  • FIG. 1 is arranged laterally to the flow of a laser light barrier 50, which generates by means of the detection of the brackets K, a trigger signal for the timing of the inventive device and the method.
  • the elements of the device are all omitted, only the generated on the surface of the printed products in the scale flow line profiles in the form of laser lines 2, 3 and 4 are shown.
  • the position of the first product 101 in the conveying direction F is checked.
  • four edge points P1, P2, P3 and P4 are determined on the printed product 101.
  • On the basis of the position of the two edge points P1 and P2 which are generated with the aid of the two laser lines 2 and 3 on the leading edge product 110 it can be determined whether this leading edge product 110 is aligned correctly in relation to the conveying axis. If only the two edge points P1 and P2 were determined, it would not be possible to determine whether the product 101 projects laterally out of the scale flow transversely to the conveying direction. Therefore, in the example shown, the edge points P3 and P4 lying on the side edges 112 and 111 are also determined. As a result, it can be clearly determined whether the respectively controlled product is correctly aligned in the scale flow.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5d schematically show the electronic image sections in the area of the four generated edge points P1 to P4 from the FIG. 3 ,
  • the light lines shown in the image sections are already detected, filtered, smoothed and the gaps are filled.
  • the light line is shown in the area of the edge point P1.
  • the show Figures 5b, 5c and 5d the light lines from the areas of the edge points P2, P3 and P4.
  • the FIG. 5e are the individual electronic images, respectively the illustrated light lines, rotated by a fixed predetermined value in a respective desired position and the sake of clarity side by side shown in a composite image.
  • the laser lines intersect the product edges in each case approximately at right angles, but by the angular position of the camera, the light lines are imaged in the electronic image but in other angular positions, offers a rotation in a desired position in which substantial portions of the light lines to be analyzed are perpendicular.
  • the position values of the individual points on the lines must be tracked in order to ensure the exact position determination of the determined edge points.
  • the detected edge lines of the leading product edge 110 which in FIGS. 5a and 5b and in the FIG. 5e are shown left hand, have significant changes in direction.
  • the edge line of the camera rear view product side edge 111 which in FIG. 5c and in the FIG. 5e is shown to the right of the center, has a significant interruption.
  • the respective edge points can be determined with exact position and any deviations from predefined setpoints can trigger corresponding control signals or error messages.
  • FIGS. 6a to 6c are in fragmentary form each two offset from each other stapled printed products 105, 106 shown as they are transported, for example, in a staple conveyor.
  • the printed product pairs 105, 106 are each subjected to three lines of light in the form of laser lines 6, 7, 8.
  • the printed products 105, 106 are in the folding area 113, 114, each with three brackets 31, 32, 33 and 34, 35, 36 stapled.
  • the three laser lines 6, 7, 8 are approximately at right angles to the top folding edges 113, 114 aligned approximately parallel to each other, that they illuminate the fold areas 113, 114 respectively in the staples 31, 34 or 32, 35 or 33, 36.
  • FIG. 6a two correctly stapled products 105, 106 are shown.
  • FIG. 6a two correctly stapled products 105, 106 are shown.
  • FIG. 7 shows that to control the product quality, ie the stapling according to the examples of FIG. 6 , now changes in the line profile are considered, which are based on width and / or intensity changes. Since the used metal wire staples strongly reflect the laser light, they cause a local thickening of the light line in the electronic image. In the case of the correctly stapled products 105, 106, the electronic images of the detected lines of light 31, 32, 33 would all be approximately identical to those of Figs FIGS. 7a and 7c appear. The correct position for all staples can be verified by the position of the edge points, which are clearly visible in the images as thickening of the light lines. To explain the control result in case of error are in the FIGS.
  • the electronic image of the light line 32 is in the region of the defective stapling position 32 on product 105 ' FIG. 6b shown.
  • the product 105 ' no changes in the line profile are detected based on a change in width and / or intensity, which would lead to the generation of a corresponding edge point.
  • the three light lines as in the overview according to the FIG. 8d can be clearly determined that and which edge point is missing, which means that a staple is missing.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a schematic view of a stack 100 of three printed products 107, 108, 109 sketched with different formats, as for example, in the print finishing of various newspaper supplements collected and transported on conveyor belts.
  • the product stack 100 is loaded with four lines of light 11, 12, 13, 14, which are aligned in pairs spaced from each other at right angles to the product side edges.
  • the lines of light are positioned so that each side edge of a product is illuminated by two lines of light.
  • FIG. 10a is again the product stack 100 with the three correctly aligned printed products 107, 108, 109 according to the FIG. 9 shown.
  • FIGS. 10b-10d examples of faulty stacks are shown.
  • the control unit recognizes that all products are present, but that the top product is not aligned correctly. It is also recognized from the position of the detected edge points that the misaligned small-sized product 109 does not project beyond the edges of the bottommost product 107, which has the largest format, on either side.
  • a higher-level control system can be informed and decide whether the misposition leads to the departure of the product stack or can be tolerated for the further processing steps.
  • the stack according to FIG. 10b subsequently welded in foil for shipment, the misalignment of the uppermost product 109 would be readily tolerable.
  • a faulty stack according to the FIG. 10c On the other hand, it would not be possible to supply it to a device for shrink-wrapping in foil, since it would be feared that the above-mentioned product 109 would make the welding process impossible.
  • the misalignment as shown for the uppermost product, can not be recognized from the edge points P5 - P8 lying on the longitudinal edges of the product, since the illustrated lateral displacement along the conveying direction F has no influence on the position of the detected and calculated edge points P5 - P8 has.
  • the misalignment is not recognized until at least one of the edge points P9 - P12 is considered.
  • the faulty stack 100 ' can be eliminated based on the error message that is generated by the control method according to the invention or brought into a further processable state by a correction of the position of the uppermost product.
  • FIG. 10d is a faulty position of the middle product 108 in the stack 100 "shown., It can be according to the present invention again by a lack of the corresponding Edge points or the wrong position of the edge points to the product 109 easily recognize, so that the faulty stack 100 "can be post-processed or eliminated.
  • edge points to be determined can be made. For example, only one edge point per product edge can be determined, which further reduces the demands on computing power and signal processing.
  • FIG. 11 From the FIG. 11 can be seen how the correct spacing of products in the scale flow can be determined by means of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • two light lines 15, 16, which act on the leading edge product 110 are each two edge points per product, in the case illustrated magazines 120, 121, 122, 123, generated.
  • the light lines 15, 16 again run approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the illustrated conveyor belt B and spaced from each other. If a deviation from the desired distance A between two products is determined, which is no longer within a predetermined tolerance range, a signal is generated based on this measurement information. This signal can subsequently trigger a correction of the incorrect distance F.
  • the signal includes not only the information about the detected error, but also the information about the product to be corrected, in this case the magazine 122nd
  • the in the FIG. 12a illustrated fault situation can be easily transferred to a promotion in a gripper or staple conveyors in which, for example, two products are conveyed with an offset to each other. There, for example, the mishandling of product 126 to product 125 would be recognized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé de contrôle optique utilisé dans le traitement d'objets de grande étendue, notamment dans le traitement d'impression ultérieur, comprenant :
    a. un guidage d'un produit de grande étendue, d'un groupe de produits ou d'un flux de produits (101-109, 120-126) le long d'un tronçon de transport passant au moins au niveau d'un capteur optique (20, 20') ;
    b. un application d'au moins un profil de faisceau sur le produit de grande étendue, le groupe de produits ou le flux de produits pour réaliser un profil de ligne défini par une ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) ;
    c. une prise d'une image électronique par le capteur optique (20, 20'), l'image électronique comprenant au moins une zone du produit, du groupe de produits ou du flux de produits dotée d'au moins une partie du profil de ligne défini par la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) ;
    d. un calcul, à partir de l'image électronique, d'au moins une caractéristique de produit sur la base du profil de ligne défini par la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) ;
    e. une génération d'au moins une information mesurée sur la base de l'au moins une caractéristique de produit ;
    f. une émission d'au moins un signal sur la base de l'au moins une information mesurée ;
    caractérisé en ce que :
    le calcul de l'au moins une caractéristique de produit comprend une détermination d'indications de position d'au moins un point d'arête du produit ; et que la génération de l'information mesurée est effectuée sur la base des indications de position de l'au moins un point d'arête du produit.
  2. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux profils de ligne définis par les lignes lumineuses sont produits avec une position dans l'espace connue l'une par rapport à l'autre ; et que les indications de position d'au moins un point d'arête du produit sont respectivement calculées sur la base des au moins deux profils de ligne définis par les lignes lumineuses.
  3. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une orientation et/ou une position du produit sont déterminées sur la base des points d'arête du produit ; et que la génération de l'information mesurée est effectuée sur la base de l'orientation et/ou de la position du produit.
  4. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux profils de ligne définis par les lignes lumineuses sont produits pour l'essentiel le long d'un axe longitudinal du tronçon de transport ; et que l'orientation et/ou la position du produit sont définies par rapport à l'axe longitudinal.
  5. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux profils de ligne définis par les lignes lumineuses sont produits pour l'essentiel le long d'un axe transversal du tronçon de transport ; et que l'orientation et/ou la position du produit sont définies par rapport à l'axe transversal.
  6. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le calcul de l'au moins une caractéristique de produit comprend les étapes suivantes :
    a. une détermination de la ligne lumineuse dans l'image électronique ;
    b. une détermination d'un tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse ; et
    c. un calcul d'une indication de position d'au moins un point d'arête du produit à partir du tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse.
  7. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la détermination de la ligne lumineuse dans l'image électronique comprend les étapes suivantes :
    a. une suppression de bruit dans l'image électronique ;
    b. une accentuation de la ligne lumineuse par application d'un filtre optimal ;
    c. une détection de la ligne lumineuse dans l'image électronique sur la base des valeurs de luminosité ;
    d. un remplissage des trous présents dans la ligne lumineuse ; et
    e. un aplanissement des ondulations de la ligne lumineuse liées à la détection.
  8. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la détermination du tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse comprend une rotation de l'image électronique dans une position théorique, un calcul d'au moins une dérivée de la ligne lumineuse, un calcul des passages par zéro de la dérivée de la ligne lumineuse et une détermination des changements de direction de la ligne lumineuse.
  9. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la génération de l'information mesurée comprend une détermination d'un nombre de produits sur la base de caractéristiques du tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse.
  10. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les caractéristiques du tracé de courbe servant à déterminer le nombre de produits comprennent au moins un élément parmi : le nombre de passages par zéro d'une première dérivée de la ligne lumineuse, la valeur maximale de la première dérivée, le nombre de passages par zéro d'une deuxième dérivée de la ligne lumineuse se produisant après la valeur maximale de la première dérivée et la valeur d'un angle de changement de direction de la ligne lumineuse.
  11. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'information mesurée est sélectionnée dans le groupe suivant :
    a) une information de position d'au moins une arête du produit;
    b) une information de longueur d'au moins un produit ;
    c) une information de largeur d'au moins un produit ;
    d) une information de hauteur d'au moins un produit ;
    e) une information de position d'une agrafe ;
    f) une information de position d'au moins deux arêtes de produit d'un même produit ou de produits différents ;
    g) le nombre de produits se trouvant à l'intérieur d'une zone définie du tronçon de transport ;
    h) une information de distance entre les produits ; et
    i) une information de position d'inserts sur un produit ou d'inserts les uns par rapport aux autres.
  12. Procédé de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la génération de l'information mesurée se produit en temps réel, de préférence en correspondance avec une cadence de travail.
  13. Dispositif (1) de mise en oeuvre du procédé de contrôle optique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, comprenant :
    a. des moyens de projection (10) permettant de générer au moins un profil de faisceau et d'appliquer l'au moins un profil de faisceau sur un produit de grande étendue, un groupe de produits ou un flux de produits guidés le long d'un tronçon de transport, pour réaliser un profil de ligne défini par une ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) ;
    b. au moins un capteur optique (20) permettant de prendre une image électronique du produit, du groupe de produits ou du flux de produits guidés le long du tronçon de transport passant devant le capteur optique (20), l'image électronique comprenant au moins une zone du produit, du groupe de produits ou du flux de produits avec au moins une partie du profil de ligne défini par la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) ; et
    c. une unité de traitement d'image conçue pour déterminer au moins une caractéristique de produit sur la base du profil de ligne défini par la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) à partir de l'image électronique, pour générer une information mesurée sur la base de l'au moins une caractéristique de produit et pour émettre au moins un signal sur la base de l'information mesurée ;
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'unité de traitement d'image est conçue pour déterminer l'au moins une caractéristique de produit en déterminant les indications de position d'au moins un point d'arête du produit et pour générer l'information mesurée sur la base des indications de position de l'au moins un point d'arête du produit.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le capteur optique (20) est disposé avec un axe optique s'étendant en oblique par rapport à l'axe de faisceau des moyens de projection (10) de façon à être placé à une certaine distance des produits à contrôler.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de projection sont conçus pour produire au moins deux profils de ligne définis par les lignes lumineuses (2-8, 11-19) et avec une position dans l'espace connue l'une par rapport à l'autre ; et que l'unité de traitement d'image est conçue pour déterminer respectivement les indications de position d'au moins un point d'arête du produit sur la base des au moins deux profils de ligne définis par les lignes lumineuses (2-8, 11-19).
  16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de traitement d'image est conçue pour déterminer l'au moins une caractéristique de produit par détermination de la ligne lumineuse dans l'image électronique, par détermination d'un tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) et par calcul d'une indication de position d'un point d'arête du produit à partir du tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19).
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de traitement d'image est conçue pour déterminer le tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19) par rotation de l'image électronique dans une position théorique, par calcul d'au moins une dérivée de la ligne lumineuse, par calcul des passages par zéro de la dérivée de la ligne lumineuse et par détermination des changements de direction de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19).
  18. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de traitement d'image est conçue pour générer l'information mesurée par détermination d'un nombre de produits sur la base des caractéristiques du tracé de courbe de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19), les caractéristiques du tracé de courbe comprenant au moins un élément parmi : le nombre de passages par zéro d'une première dérivée de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19), la valeur maximale de la première dérivée, le nombre de passages par zéro d'une deuxième dérivée de la ligne lumineuse se produisant après la valeur maximale de la première dérivée et la valeur d'un angle de changement de direction de la ligne lumineuse (2-8, 11-19).
  19. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux moyens de projection et/ou au moins deux capteurs optiques.
EP20090171148 2009-09-23 2009-09-23 Procédé de contrôle optique pour l'évaluation de la qualité dans le traitement d'impression ultérieur Not-in-force EP2301877B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090171148 EP2301877B1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2009-09-23 Procédé de contrôle optique pour l'évaluation de la qualité dans le traitement d'impression ultérieur
DK09171148T DK2301877T3 (da) 2009-09-23 2009-09-23 Optisk kontrolfremgangsmåde til kvalitetsbedømmelse inden for videreforarbejdning af tryk
PCT/EP2010/005522 WO2011035857A1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2010-09-08 Procédé de contrôle optique à des fins d'évaluation de la qualité dans le traitement ultérieur d'impression

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090171148 EP2301877B1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2009-09-23 Procédé de contrôle optique pour l'évaluation de la qualité dans le traitement d'impression ultérieur

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EP2301877A1 EP2301877A1 (fr) 2011-03-30
EP2301877B1 true EP2301877B1 (fr) 2012-11-28

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US3414732A (en) * 1965-10-19 1968-12-03 Milgo Electronic Corp Counter for folded paper objects
US5197012A (en) * 1988-11-21 1993-03-23 Datatronic, Centre D'etude Et De Developpement Electronique Et Informatique Sarl Method and apparatus for detecting and for counting any instantaneous variations in a profile, and applications thereof
DE19842192A1 (de) * 1998-09-15 2000-03-16 Roland Man Druckmasch Einrichtung zur Überwachung des Bogenlaufes einer bogenverarbeitenden Vorrichtung
DE102007001989B4 (de) 2007-01-08 2009-04-23 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur Erkennung von Doppelabzügen in Postsortieranlagen
JP2010524065A (ja) 2007-04-03 2010-07-15 フェラーク・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 平坦物を計数及び検知するための装置並びに方法
EP2030924A1 (fr) * 2007-08-28 2009-03-04 Müller Martini Holding AG Dispositif de traitement de produits imprimés
DE102007054938A1 (de) * 2007-11-17 2009-05-20 Manroland Ag Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines Schuppenstroms

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