EP2300365A2 - Verfahren zur modifizierung von expandiertem graphit und verwendung des modifizierten expandierten graphits - Google Patents
Verfahren zur modifizierung von expandiertem graphit und verwendung des modifizierten expandierten graphitsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2300365A2 EP2300365A2 EP09776887A EP09776887A EP2300365A2 EP 2300365 A2 EP2300365 A2 EP 2300365A2 EP 09776887 A EP09776887 A EP 09776887A EP 09776887 A EP09776887 A EP 09776887A EP 2300365 A2 EP2300365 A2 EP 2300365A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- expanded graphite
- process gas
- plasma
- modified
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/46—Graphite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
- C01B32/22—Intercalation
- C01B32/225—Expansion; Exfoliation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/70—Non-metallic catalysts, additives or dopants
- B01D2255/702—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/349—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of flames, plasmas or lasers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing surface-modified expanded graphite and to uses of this surface-modified expanded graphite.
- Expanded graphites are generally well wetted with nonpolar media such as oil (US 005282975A), but not with polar media such as water.
- polar media such as water.
- responsible for the poor wettability of expanded graphite with polar media is the absence of polar chemical surface groups.
- DE-C-66804 discloses the production of expanded graphitic particles having a worm-like structuring by the thermal decomposition of a graphite particle.
- the oxygen groups generated in an acid intercalation under oxidative conditions are largely destroyed by the thermal treatment leading to expansion.
- the functional groups can be obtained by lowering the expansion temperature in the production of expanded graphite from graphite salt. However, the degree of expansion is reduced, which is undesirable for many applications.
- the process according to the invention produces functional surface groups on expanded graphite with a plasma chemical vapor phase process. It has surprisingly been found that even a few atomic percent of plasma-generated functional groups on expanded graphite are sufficient to significantly alter the interaction of the expanded graphite with polar media.
- An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the type and the surface density of plasma-chemically generated functional surface groups on expanded graphites can be varied within a very wide range. Not only oxygen functionalities but also numerous other functional groups, e.g. nitrogen-containing, halogen-containing or phosphorus-containing groups are generated. This can lead to the improvement of the infiltrability of expanded graphites with different, preferably polar, media. Oxygen-functional groups generated in a plasma-mixed manner have a high long-term stability.
- expanded graphite can be used for numerous applications.
- the surface of the expanded graphite is modified in a suitably selected process by means of a process gas in the presence of a plasma by the incorporation of chemical groups.
- the plasma-chemically generated surface groups change the chemical and physisorptive properties of the surface of the expanded graphite.
- the plasma serves as a source of high-energy species, such as rotatory, vibratory and / or electronically excited molecules or radicals, electronically excited atoms or ions of the surrounding gas atmosphere, as well as electrons and photons. Unless this species is sufficiently Enthalpy, they activate chemical bonds of the graphite, so that it can lead to bond breaks and the formation of reaction products with species of the process gas, which allows the formation of chemical groups on the surface of the expanded graphite. Their chemical composition influences the wettability of the plasma-chemically modified expanded graphite.
- the transfer of energy from an energy source to the atoms or molecules of a suitably selected process gas and the graphite surface may be by ions, electrons, electrons or electromagnetic fields including radiation.
- the excitation of a gas to a plasma in a very large pressure range in particular from 0.1 to 500,000 Pa, preferably in the low pressure range of 1 to 100 Pa or in the high pressure range of 50,000 to 150,000 Pa, and in the normal pressure range by a DC gas discharge or AC gas discharge, a high-energy electromagnetic radiation field, such as, for example, generates a microwave source or a laser, or, alternatively, an electron or ion source can be realized.
- the plasma can be operated continuously or discontinuously.
- the neutral gas component can, depending on the type of excitation of the plasma, cold, i. in the range below about 700 K, as in the case of a low temperature plasma, or hot, i. in the range above about 700 K, as in the case of a thermal plasma.
- Expanded graphite produced by thermal expansion having an initial oxygen content of 1.2% oxygen atoms per carbon atom (O / C) of the graphite surface, was sintered at 25 Pa in a microwave-fed oxygen plasma at 300 W for 100 s, 150 s, 200 s and 250 s, respectively Performance treated.
- Tablets having a density of 0.12 g / ml and 0.06 g / ml were prepared by compaction from the expanded graphite modified from Example 1 and from the starting material by compaction. These were placed on a water surface for 5 minutes. Subsequently, the weight gain was determined and compared. The result shown in FIG. 2 shows a correlation between the weight increase of the pellets caused by a water absorption and the oxygen content on the surface of the expanded graphite.
- Tablets having a density of 0.08 g / ml were produced by compaction from the expanded graphite modified in Example 3 and from the starting material by compaction. These were placed on the surface of the liquid monomer (2-hydroxyethyl) methacrylate for 5 minutes. Subsequently, the weight gain was determined and compared. The monomer uptake of the modified material tablet was 50% greater than that of the starting material tablet. Higher monomer absorption results in organic composites with lower residual porosity.
- Tablets having a density of 0.08 g / ml were produced by compression from the expanded graphite modified in Example 3 and from the starting material by compression. These were stored for 16 hours in a steam atmosphere, as they are at Room temperature in a partially filled with water, closed container sets. Subsequently, the weight gain of the tablets was determined and compared. It was found that the tablets of modified expanded graphite compared to the tablets from the starting material showed a by a factor of 2.5 increased weight gain by water vapor sorption.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008033280A DE102008033280A1 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2008-07-11 | Verfahren zur Modifizierung von expandiertem Graphit und Verwendung des modifizierten expandierten Graphits |
PCT/EP2009/004708 WO2010003571A2 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-06-25 | Verfahren zur modifizierung von expandiertem graphit und verwendung des modifizierten expandierten graphits |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2300365A2 true EP2300365A2 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
Family
ID=41202301
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09776887A Withdrawn EP2300365A2 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-06-25 | Verfahren zur modifizierung von expandiertem graphit und verwendung des modifizierten expandierten graphits |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2300365A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008033280A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010003571A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106397094A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 新疆兵团现代绿色氯碱化工工程研究中心(有限公司) | 一种低温等离子体改性催化剂载体的方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT510311B1 (de) * | 2010-08-27 | 2013-02-15 | Sunpor Kunststoff Gmbh | Flammgeschützte, wärmedämmende polymerisate und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
CN108031233A (zh) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-15 | 滁州兄弟科技有限公司 | 一种氮氧化物废物气处理用复合吸附材料的制备方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008138990A1 (de) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Sgl Carbon Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines latentwärme-speichermaterials |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE66804C (de) | Dr. phil. W. luzi in Leipzig, Hospitalstr. 18 | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Graphit | ||
JPH01122911A (ja) * | 1987-11-07 | 1989-05-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | 表面硬質化黒鉛材料の製造方法 |
SU1657473A1 (ru) * | 1988-07-11 | 1991-06-23 | Институт элементоорганических соединений им.А.Н.Несмеянова | Способ получени термически расширенного графита |
US5282975A (en) | 1989-12-25 | 1994-02-01 | Technion Research And Development Foundation Ltd. | Removal of oil from water |
FR2715082B1 (fr) * | 1994-01-19 | 1996-02-23 | Elf Aquitaine | Procédé de réalisation d'un composite actif et composite actif réalisé à partir de ce procédé. |
DE4432865A1 (de) * | 1994-09-15 | 1996-03-21 | Plasmachem Produktions Und Han | Hochorientiertes Pyrographit (HOPG) mit Oberflächendefekten, regulär in Form, Größen, Tiefe und Oberflächendichte und Herstellungsverfahren dafür |
EP0975040A1 (de) * | 1998-02-06 | 2000-01-26 | Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. | Separator für brennstoffzellen und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
RU2184086C1 (ru) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-06-27 | Петрик Виктор Иванович | Способ удаления нефти, нефтепродуктов и/или химических загрязнителей из жидкости, и/или газа и/или с поверхности |
JP4422439B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-30 | 2010-02-24 | Tdk株式会社 | 電極用炭素材料及びその製造方法、電池用電極及びその製造方法、並びに、電池及びその製造方法 |
CN100490970C (zh) * | 2005-10-24 | 2009-05-27 | 南开大学 | 膨胀石墨负载NiB非晶态合金催化剂和制备方法及应用 |
EP2046930A4 (de) | 2006-07-27 | 2012-06-27 | Aurora Advance Beauty Labs | Auf rhamnolipid basierende formulierungen |
-
2008
- 2008-07-11 DE DE102008033280A patent/DE102008033280A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-06-25 WO PCT/EP2009/004708 patent/WO2010003571A2/de active Application Filing
- 2009-06-25 EP EP09776887A patent/EP2300365A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008138990A1 (de) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Sgl Carbon Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines latentwärme-speichermaterials |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2010003571A2 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106397094A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 新疆兵团现代绿色氯碱化工工程研究中心(有限公司) | 一种低温等离子体改性催化剂载体的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010003571A2 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
WO2010003571A3 (de) | 2010-07-22 |
DE102008033280A1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
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