EP2295646B1 - Machine de forage et procédée - Google Patents

Machine de forage et procédée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2295646B1
EP2295646B1 EP09011062A EP09011062A EP2295646B1 EP 2295646 B1 EP2295646 B1 EP 2295646B1 EP 09011062 A EP09011062 A EP 09011062A EP 09011062 A EP09011062 A EP 09011062A EP 2295646 B1 EP2295646 B1 EP 2295646B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
casing tube
receiving part
drill
offset position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09011062A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2295646A1 (fr
Inventor
Leonhard Weixler
Stefan Michael Finkenzeller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Maschinen GmbH filed Critical Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority to PT09011062T priority Critical patent/PT2295646E/pt
Priority to EP09011062A priority patent/EP2295646B1/fr
Priority to DK09011062.8T priority patent/DK2295646T3/da
Priority to ES09011062T priority patent/ES2388645T3/es
Priority to US12/857,807 priority patent/US8579048B2/en
Priority to BRPI1003107-3A priority patent/BRPI1003107B1/pt
Priority to AU2010212433A priority patent/AU2010212433B2/en
Priority to JP2010189291A priority patent/JP5274523B2/ja
Priority to CN2010102688075A priority patent/CN102003137B/zh
Publication of EP2295646A1 publication Critical patent/EP2295646A1/fr
Priority to HK11109206.8A priority patent/HK1154921A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2295646B1 publication Critical patent/EP2295646B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/40—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/385—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with removal of the outer mould-pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling apparatus with a drill for drilling within a casing pipe, wherein the drill has a support frame with a fixing device for fixing against the casing pipe and a drilling tool which is driven in rotation via a telescopic linkage by means of a drill drive, which is arranged on the support frame.
  • the invention further relates to a drilling method for creating a bore within a casing tube, wherein a support frame of a drilling device is fixed relative to the casing tube and a drilling tool is rotationally driven by means of a support frame arranged on the drill drive via a telescopic linkage, whereby soil material is removed within the casing tube.
  • Such a drilling device and such a drilling method are known from EP 1 154 078 B1 known.
  • a jacket tube is first pressed or screwed by means of a known insertion device.
  • a drilling device with a support frame is placed by means of a crane device, which is clamped at the upper end of the casing tube.
  • a box drill is lowered as a drilling tool on the crane device.
  • the drilling tool of the drill is rotationally driven by the Kelly linkage by a drill drive which is located on the clamped support frame.
  • the drilling tool is lifted by the crane device again, the support frame detached from the casing tube and the drill overall side of the casing pivoted, in which position the box drill is emptied. Subsequently, the drill is placed back on the casing pipe to continue drilling, the support frame clamped thereto and drained the drilling tool again.
  • the drill is completely removed by means of the crane device and the resulting cavity within the jacket tube can be filled, for example, by introducing a reinforcement cage made of steel and a concrete mass to form a foundation pile.
  • This known drilling method is overall very economical because after completion of the drilling, the drill can be moved over the crane device to the next jacket tube, so that immediately after the next drilling can be started.
  • a "flying drill” is created, which can be moved quickly and efficiently on the crane device, especially in difficult terrain.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a drilling apparatus and a drilling method, with which an efficient creation of a hole in a casing pipe is possible even under adverse weather conditions.
  • the drilling device is characterized in that an adjustable receptacle is arranged at the upper end of the jacket tube, to which the support frame can be fastened, and that the receptacle between a drilling position in which the drill is the same axis to the casing tube, and an offset position is adjustably mounted, in which the receptacle is laterally offset from the casing tube.
  • a basic idea of the invention is that the drilling device can no longer be completely detached from the jacket tube during the creation of the bore, that is to say, for example, for emptying the drilling tool or when carrying out measuring or maintenance operations. Rather, the drill remains in connection with the jacket tube and is defined here adjusted.
  • the drill according to the invention is no longer clamped directly to the casing tube, but to a receptacle provided thereon, which is adjustably mounted on the casing tube.
  • a rapid and reliable adjustment of the receptacle with the drill located thereon can take place between a drilling position and an offset position, in which, for example, the drilling tool can be emptied.
  • the offset position is preferably arranged so that there is also a free access to the upper opening of the jacket tube, so that about measurements or additional work can be performed within the hole.
  • the workflow is simplified as a whole, with a fast and reliable emptying of the drilling tool is possible even in strong winds.
  • the drilling device according to the invention can be used for example in the offshore area for the creation of foundation piles in the seabed. Strong winds on the sea as well as fluctuation movements of a crane device arranged on a vessel thus have hardly any influence on the workflow.
  • the adjustment of the recording can be done by a corresponding movement of the crane device on which the drill is suspended.
  • the receptacle would be passively guided with respect to the jacket tube.
  • an adjusting device is provided with drive, with which the receptacle between the drilling position and the offset position is adjustable.
  • the drive of the adjusting device can be arranged on a platform on the casing pipe or on the drill, such as the support frame. The adjusting movement takes place along a guide.
  • a pivot joint can be provided for adjusting, so that the receptacle is pivotable relative to the jacket tube by a rotational movement.
  • the adjusting device comprises a carriage which is guided along a displacement track.
  • the sliding track can for this purpose have one or two guide rails for a linear sliding movement.
  • other adjustment movements may be provided.
  • drilling tools can be used on the drill.
  • Particularly advantageous according to the invention are discontinuous drilling tools, including augers count, which screw into the ground.
  • the drilling tool is designed as a box drill with a bottom which can be opened to empty the box drill.
  • a development of the invention is that an actuating mechanism is provided, which is designed for unfolding the bottom of the box drill when the box drill is arranged in the offset position.
  • the hinged floor initially has an opening with a cutting device, so that soil material can be removed and passed through the opening into the cylindrical receiving space of the box drill.
  • a screw may be arranged as an additional conveyor.
  • the opening is closed by turning the bottom, so that the box drill with the removed soil material from the casing pipe is retracted into the receptacle. Subsequently, the box drill can be transported with the recording for emptying to the offset position.
  • actuating mechanism which can be actuated, for example, by a short lifting movement of the drilling device via the crane device, a closure of the bottom can be unlocked.
  • the floor can be folded around a pivot joint, so that the soil material can fall by gravity from the receiving space of the box drill.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention results from the fact that when adjusting the recording of the offset position in the drilling position an unfolded bottom of the box drill is closed.
  • a wedge-shaped or ramp-shaped control element for example, during a displacement movement back into the drilling position of the unfolded floor back to its closed position be pressed, with the closure of the floor locked again. If the drilling tool with the receptacle is again in the drilling position, the drilling tool can be lowered through the telescopic linkage to continue the drilling into the jacket tube.
  • a platform is provided, on which the receptacle and the adjusting device are arranged.
  • the platform with the receptacle is releasably connected via suitable fastening means with the jacket tube. After completion of the drilling work, the platform can be loosened again from the jacket pipe and placed on a new jacket tube, which was pressed into the ground.
  • the platform may have corresponding connecting devices for a cable suspension.
  • the invention is characterized in that the support frame of the drill is attached to a receptacle which is disposed at an upper end of the jacket tube, and that the drill by the recording between a drilling position in which the drill on the recording axis of the Jacket tube is, and is adjusted at an offset position in which the receptacle is laterally offset from the jacket tube.
  • acceleration and simplification of the workflow are achieved by the recording according to the invention.
  • a preferred method according to the invention is that in the offset position a drilling tool of the drill is emptied of removed soil material. It can be carried out as a batch process, which is particularly advantageous for soft soils.
  • the drill is held both in the drilling position and in the offset position via a telescopic linkage to a crane device.
  • the crane device can be a boom or a crane customary on construction sites, on which the drill device hangs on a crane cable.
  • the telescopic linkage may be a so-called Kelly linkage, which is actuated directly by the crane cable for adjusting the drilling tool.
  • the drilling method according to the invention is also suitable in particular for be confirmed by means of a crane device on a ship or other watercraft, which is exposed for example due to the wave motion particularly strong fluctuations.
  • the jacket tube is introduced into the ground, in particular pressed.
  • a known pressing device can be used.
  • the created hole in the casing tube filled with concrete mass and a bored pile is formed.
  • a jacket pipe 5 shown only partially, is introduced in a manner known per se with a feed device into a relatively soft bottom 2, which in the illustrated embodiment is below a body of water 3.
  • the jacket tube 5 protrudes beyond the surface of the water body 3, so that in the upper region of the jacket tube 5, a receptacle 20 mounted rotationally fixed can be.
  • a platform 30 is releasably secured in the upper region of the jacket tube 5.
  • a drill 100 is lowered in the direction of the receptacle 20 via a telescopic linkage 130, which is held on a crane device 60 by a crane cable 62.
  • the crane device 60 comprises a track-mounted tracked vehicle which is arranged on a floating pontoon 7.
  • the drill 100 is drained into the approximately tubular receptacle 20, and attached to the top of the receptacle 20.
  • the receptacle 20 With the drill 100 received therein and the telescopic linkage 130 coaxially to the center axis of the casing tube 5.
  • this drilling position can now extend by extending the telescopic rod 130, a drilling tool 140 of the drill 100 in the casing tube 5 and drill out therein soil material.
  • Fig. 1c is shown a possible final depth at which the telescopic telescopic telescopic boom 130 is extended.
  • the jacket tube 5 can extend to the lower end of the bore, that is, to the bore sole. In this case, a completely cased bore would be created.
  • the jacket tube 5 can be arranged only in an upper region of the bore, in which there is relatively soft soil material. If there are more stable soil layers underneath, further piping is not necessary, so that the bore can also be sunk below a jacket tube 5.
  • the drilling tool 140 is formed as a box drill with a cylindrical receiving box 146, which serves to carry out a discontinuous drilling method.
  • the adjusting device 40 has a displacement track 44 with rails, which is arranged transversely to the casing tube 5 along the platform 30.
  • a carriage 40 At the bottom of the sleeve-shaped receptacle 20 is a carriage 40, which is movable along the displacement track 44 by means of a drive, not shown.
  • the platform 30 is arranged approximately horizontally above the water body 3 and releasably secured via a support structure 32 and retaining sleeves 34 at the upper end of the jacket tube 5.
  • a bottom 142 which is pivotally hinged on a hinged joint 144 on the underside of the receiving box 146, can be opened via an actuating mechanism 50.
  • the floor 142 can thereby unfold into the illustrated vertical position, so that the soil material within the receiving box 146 can fall down.
  • the receptacle 20 is pushed back with the drill 100 back to the right in the direction of the casing tube 5 in the drilling position.
  • the bottom 142 is pushed back into the horizontal closure position on the receiving box 146, in which the bottom 142 is locked by a shutter, not shown.
  • a new drilling step can be performed until the receiving box 146 is filled again and must be moved to emptying in the offset position again.
  • FIG Fig. 4 A preferred attachment of the drill 100 to the receptacle 20 is shown schematically in FIG Fig. 4 clarified.
  • the drill 100 has a support frame 110 which is provided at its lower end with transverse struts 117.
  • attachment bracket 111 On the underside of the transverse struts 117 on the one hand attachment bracket 111 are arranged, with which the drill 100 can be placed on an upper edge of the sleeve-shaped receptacle 20.
  • one or more attachment devices 114 Offset to the attachment brackets 111, one or more attachment devices 114 are provided, which hydraulically actuated collets exhibit. With these collets, the support frame 110 can be rotatably attached to the receptacle 20.
  • the drill drive 116 is also arranged on the support frame 110 for rotationally driving the drilling tool 140 via the telescopic linkage 130.
  • the support frame 110 is formed in two parts with a support frame base 115 and an overlying support frame top 113.
  • the support frame upper part 113 which is axially adjustable by means of hydraulic cylinders 112 with hydraulic cylinder pistons 112a relative to the support frame lower part 115, the drill drive 116 is fixed.
  • the drill 100 can be pulled out of the receptacle 20 upwards and then placed on a receptacle on another jacket tube to create a further hole.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Dispositif de forage avec un engin de forage (100) pour forer à l'intérieur d'un tube d'enveloppe (5), dans lequel l'engin de forage (100) présente un châssis porteur (110) avec un dispositif de fixation (114) pour une immobilisation par rapport au tube d'enveloppe (5), ainsi qu'un outil de forage qui est entraîné en rotation par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne télescopique (130) au moyen d'un entraînement (116) de forage qui est placé sur le châssis porteur (110),
    caractérisé
    - en ce que , à l'extrémité supérieure du tube d'enveloppe (5), est placé un logement mobile (20) auquel peut être fixé le châssis porteur (110) de l'engin de forage (100), et
    - en ce que le logement (20) est monté mobile entre une position de forage dans laquelle l'engin de forage (100) sur le logement (20) est sur le même axe que le tube d'enveloppe (5), et une position décalée dans laquelle le logement (20) est décalé latéralement par rapport au tube d'enveloppe (5).
  2. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de déplacement (40) avec entraînement est prévu, avec lequel le logement (20) peut être déplacé entre la position de forage et la position décalée.
  3. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déplacement (40) comprend un chariot (42) qui est guidé le long d'une voie de déplacement (44).
  4. Dispositif de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de forage (140) est conformé en trépan à caisson avec un fond (142) qui peut être ouvert pour vider le trépan à caisson.
  5. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un mécanisme d'actionnement (50) est prévu, qui est conformé pour ouvrir le fond (142) du trépan à caisson lorsque le trépan à caisson est placé dans la position décalée.
  6. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que, lors du déplacement du logement (20) de la position décalée à la position de forage, un fond ouvert (142) du trépan à caisson peut être fermé.
  7. Dispositif de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'extrémité supérieure du tube d'enveloppe (5) est prévue une plate-forme (30) sur laquelle sont placés le logement (20) et le dispositif de déplacement (40).
  8. Procédé de forage pour réaliser un forage à l'intérieur d'un tube d'enveloppe (5), en particulier au moyen d'un dispositif de forage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel un châssis porteur (110) d'un engin de forage (100) est immobilisé par rapport au tube d'enveloppe (5) et, au moyen d'un entraînement de forage (116) placé sur le châssis porteur (110), par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne télescopique (130), un outil de forage (14) est entraîné en rotation, de sorte que le matériau du sol à l'intérieur du tube d'enveloppe (5) est extrait,
    caractérisé
    - en ce que le châssis porteur (110) de l'engin de forage (100) est fixé sur un logement (20) qui est placé à une extrémité supérieure du tube d'enveloppe (5), et
    - en ce que l'engin de forage (100) est déplacé par le logement entre une position de forage dans laquelle l'engin de forage (100) sur le logement (20) est sur le même axe que le tube d'enveloppe (5), et une position décalée dans laquelle le logement (20) est décalé latéralement par rapport au tube d'enveloppe (5).
  9. Procédé de forage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, dans la position décalée, un outil de forage (140) de l'engin de forage (100) est vidé du matériau de sol extrait.
  10. Procédé de forage selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'engin de forage (100) est tenu sur un système de grue (60) par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne télescopique (130), tant dans la position de forage que dans la position décalée.
  11. Procédé de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le tube d'enveloppe est enfoncé dans le sol et
    en ce qu'ensuite, une masse de béton est introduite dans le forage réalisé dans le tube d'enveloppe et un pieu foré est ainsi formé.
EP09011062A 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Machine de forage et procédée Active EP2295646B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT09011062T PT2295646E (pt) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Dispositivo de perfuração e processo de perfuração
EP09011062A EP2295646B1 (fr) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Machine de forage et procédée
DK09011062.8T DK2295646T3 (da) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Boreindretning og borefremgangsmåde
ES09011062T ES2388645T3 (es) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Dispositivo de perforación y procedimiento de perforación
US12/857,807 US8579048B2 (en) 2009-08-28 2010-08-17 Drilling device and drilling method
BRPI1003107-3A BRPI1003107B1 (pt) 2009-08-28 2010-08-18 Dispositivo de perfuração e processo de perfuração
AU2010212433A AU2010212433B2 (en) 2009-08-28 2010-08-19 Drilling device and drilling method
JP2010189291A JP5274523B2 (ja) 2009-08-28 2010-08-26 掘削機および掘削方法
CN2010102688075A CN102003137B (zh) 2009-08-28 2010-08-27 钻探设备和钻探方法
HK11109206.8A HK1154921A1 (en) 2009-08-28 2011-08-31 Drilling device and drilling method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09011062A EP2295646B1 (fr) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Machine de forage et procédée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2295646A1 EP2295646A1 (fr) 2011-03-16
EP2295646B1 true EP2295646B1 (fr) 2012-06-27

Family

ID=41134517

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09011062A Active EP2295646B1 (fr) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Machine de forage et procédée

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US8579048B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2295646B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5274523B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102003137B (fr)
AU (1) AU2010212433B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI1003107B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2295646T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2388645T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1154921A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT2295646E (fr)

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EP2420262B1 (fr) 2010-08-19 2013-04-17 Sorin Group Italia S.r.l. Unité de traitement sanguin avec trajectoire de flux modifiée
WO2013106885A1 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-25 Globaltech Corporation Pty Ltd Améliorations apportées à une installation et procédés pour la prospection de fond de puits et système d'acquisition de données et pour une opération de forage
CN103314889B (zh) * 2013-05-15 2014-08-27 李胜南 水域生态养殖牧场的围体结构单元的施工方法、及其围体结构单元和应用
US10098994B2 (en) 2014-01-09 2018-10-16 Sorin Group Italia S.R.L. Blood processing unit with heat exchanger core for providing modified flow path
JP6386580B2 (ja) 2014-02-28 2018-09-05 ソリン・グループ・イタリア・ソシエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータＳｏｒｉｎ Ｇｒｏｕｐ Ｉｔａｌｉａ Ｓ．ｒ．ｌ． 追加される充填量を最小にする、酸素供給器と一体化される動脈フィルタを提供するためのシステム
WO2016075514A1 (fr) 2014-11-12 2016-05-19 Sorin Group Italia S.R.L. Tube de protection élastique pour un appareil à fibres creuses de traitement du sang
CN104763323A (zh) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-08 中国水利水电第十工程局有限公司 一种旋冲挤密双向气动冲击矛
JP6535108B2 (ja) 2015-05-12 2019-06-26 ソリン・グループ・イタリア・ソシエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータＳｏｒｉｎ Ｇｒｏｕｐ Ｉｔａｌｉａ Ｓ．ｒ．ｌ． ガス交換を減少させるための１つまたは複数の制限要素を有する血液ガス交換器
EP3571371B1 (fr) 2017-01-18 2023-04-19 Minex CRC Ltd Appareil de forage mobile à tube spiralé
CN108756728B (zh) * 2018-05-29 2020-12-15 上海大学 一种基于柔性随形附着的钻探驱动机构
CN109854197A (zh) * 2019-04-19 2019-06-07 南昌航空大学 一种用于钻机的钻斗防卡装置
CN113863868B (zh) * 2021-09-25 2024-03-19 浙江省浙南综合工程勘察测绘院有限公司 一种钻机平衡及加固结构
CN114045820B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-04-25 中冶建工集团有限公司 一种防止灌注桩坍孔的支护方法

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Publication number Publication date
US20110048804A1 (en) 2011-03-03
ES2388645T3 (es) 2012-10-17
BRPI1003107B1 (pt) 2019-10-08
CN102003137A (zh) 2011-04-06
AU2010212433B2 (en) 2011-08-04
AU2010212433A1 (en) 2011-03-17
PT2295646E (pt) 2012-08-28
US8579048B2 (en) 2013-11-12
DK2295646T3 (da) 2012-07-23
CN102003137B (zh) 2013-11-13
BRPI1003107A2 (pt) 2012-04-24
JP5274523B2 (ja) 2013-08-28
HK1154921A1 (en) 2012-05-04
EP2295646A1 (fr) 2011-03-16
JP2011047269A (ja) 2011-03-10

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