EP2292975A2 - Dispositif d'induction de tirage pour un appareil de chauffage au bois - Google Patents

Dispositif d'induction de tirage pour un appareil de chauffage au bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2292975A2
EP2292975A2 EP10405164A EP10405164A EP2292975A2 EP 2292975 A2 EP2292975 A2 EP 2292975A2 EP 10405164 A EP10405164 A EP 10405164A EP 10405164 A EP10405164 A EP 10405164A EP 2292975 A2 EP2292975 A2 EP 2292975A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air supply
gas
combustion chamber
gas discharge
discharge line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10405164A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2292975A3 (fr
Inventor
Hansheinrich Walser
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2292975A2 publication Critical patent/EP2292975A2/fr
Publication of EP2292975A3 publication Critical patent/EP2292975A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/16—Induction apparatus, e.g. steam jet, acting on combustion products beyond the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to wood firing (wood stoves, cheminees, apartment barbecues, etc.) based on the natural draft principle (or chimney effect).
  • wood furnaces are widely used both in residential and commercial as well as in holiday homes and in mountain huts as well as, for example, central heating devices in the form of automatic pellet or woodchip boilers.
  • the invention relates to a device for improved starting of a firing process of a wood firing.
  • the chimney effect or natural draft is a physical phenomenon that is based in particular on traditional, conventional wood firing.
  • the fire warms the air. Due to the lower density compared to cold air, a buoyancy is created for the warm air.
  • the warm air rises and exits through the mouth of the fireplace. This creates a vacuum at the bottom, which draws in oxygen-rich fresh air, which further fuels the fire.
  • the fire temperature rises, and there is a positive feedback.
  • the height of the chimney is an important factor: For example, in the case of chimney construction, the rule of thumb is that the chimney height must be at least four times that of any oven pipe sections that may run across the room.
  • wood gasification boilers In contrast to natural train combustion, there are wood gasification boilers, which have a significantly better efficiency and lower emission values than natural draft combustion systems. Such wood gasification boilers are based on a forced draft. In wood gasification boilers, controlled air supply and controlled draft ensure that gasification of the fuel is spatially separated from combustion of the fuel gas produced. Wood gasification boilers are based on the DC gasifier (or gasifier) principle, where the gas produced is at a very high temperature, completely breaking down tar and pyrolysis products, which has a beneficial effect on both efficiency and emissions. The combustion of the wood takes place in a low-oxygen (reducing) atmosphere downwards, contrary to the natural tendency of hot gases to flow upwards. Therefore, the natural chimney effect can not be used or at least not directly. in the Generally, therefore, a suitable blower is required, which promotes the combustion gases down. Depending on the design, there is usually a heat-resistant induced draft fan in the exhaust gas flow or a pressure fan in the fresh air supply.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is the very high cost and the fact that moving parts in a highly corrosive environment in the interior of the gas discharge line or at the outlet to the atmosphere are present.
  • the solutions according to the prior art have in common that they start causally appropriate for the actual fireplace, ie in the vertical part of the gas discharge, as far away from the burning location and as close to the mouth of the fireplace.
  • US 4,441,436 From the scriptures US 4,441,436 .
  • US 4,413,571 and FR 2 284 828 approaches are known to obtain the necessary forced train in wood gasification boilers.
  • US 4,441,436 It is proposed to assist the train generated by a downstream stack by blowing gas at a colder temperature than the draft gas. This method is based on the fact that the temperature difference promotes convection; however, the process only works when the gas flowing in the chimney is already hot, ie after the burning process has started.
  • a blower is used to blow air into the combustion chamber; with the same blower, in particular during the refilling of fuel, the train in the gas discharge line can be maintained by also blowing air into the fume hood.
  • the FR 2 284 828 teaches to generate the train through a Venturi pump on a downdraft carburetor.
  • These approaches have in common that they concern DC gasifier, in which a train in the combustion chamber is to be generated against the natural flow direction.
  • the approaches concern the continuous operation of this carburetor and not putting it into gear. Due to the higher demands on the boilers and the combustion and the very high combustion temperatures of approx. 1100 ° C, which are necessary for the effect, such DC gasifier approaches are completely unsuitable for the improvement of conventional wood combustion systems.
  • a device according to the invention is suitable both for attachment to already existing wood firing systems and as a component of newly produced wood firing systems.
  • Such wood furnaces have a combustion chamber or burning point, at which the wood fire should burn, as well as an air supply into the combustion chamber or to the combustion chamber and a Gasabtex Kunststoff, which usually has a fireplace and often also in this opening stovepipe.
  • the direction of flow in the combustion chamber or at the firing point is from bottom to top, as a result of which the wood firing is based on the natural draft principle (and also the gas discharge from the combustion chamber or firing point preferably increases monotonically, with at most horizontal sections).
  • the device according to the invention is characterized essentially by the fact that it has a gas conveyor arranged outside the gas discharge line, which conveys ambient air (or possibly another gas such as nitrogen) via an air supply line into the gas discharge line in such a way that at the mouth of the air supply line in the Gasabriostechnisch the air flow has a parallel to the flow direction of the combustion gases component.
  • the air supply line has a significantly smaller cross-sectional area than the gas discharge line, at least in the area of the mouth into the gas discharge line.
  • the ambient air supplied to the gas discharge line (or the other gas) does not have to be heated during this process; for the sake of minimizing energy consumption, the air supplied is advantageously not heated (this of course does not preclude a minimum warm-up by the waste heat of the gas-conveying means, but rather means "unheated" that there are no separate heating means).
  • One mechanism which may contribute to the functioning of the approach according to the invention is that a flow is also generated in the gas discharge line by the incoming air, whereby, according to Bernoulli's theorem, a slight negative pressure is created. As a result, gas is sucked in from the combustion chamber or combustion point, thus initiating the necessary flow.
  • a radial fan is preferably used, which can promote even at the mentioned comparatively small power and air through an air supply line, for example, a few decimeters to a few meters with a sufficiently large throughput; but also axial fans or other gas delivery principles are not excluded.
  • the air velocity in the region of the mouth is preferably about 5-25 m / s.
  • the fan only needs to deliver ambient air and no aggressive fumes. Therefore, it does not have to be particularly resistant to corrosion. There are preferably no moving and therefore potentially repair-prone parts inside the Gasabdies Ellis and therefore difficult to access and exposed to the flue gas.
  • the mouth of the air supply line into the gas discharge line is connected downstream in the direction of flow of the combustion chamber or combustion station, i. It is located in the area where no flames have come in during normal operation of the wood firing. It is located, for example, at least 50 cm from the point at which the fire burns in normal operation. However, it can be arranged as mentioned in the not too great distance, for example. A maximum of 2.5 m or 2 m away from the place of wood firing.
  • the air supply line then preferably extends into the gas discharge line and has a section parallel to the gas discharge line in front of its mouth.
  • the section extending parallel to the gas discharge line is preferably at least approximately 3 times as long as its diameter.
  • the device according to the invention will be used, for example, during an initial operation.
  • the initial operation during which an air supply by means of gas conveyors in the gas discharge line, maintained during a limited period of, for example, between 30 and 60 minutes, during this period often only during very short intervals of a few seconds to about 1 minute air must be supplied.
  • the initial operation with air supply at intervals (for example, each manually set in smoke or in pre-programmed intervals) and an initial operation with continuous air supply is possible.
  • the gas flow is generally kept going by itself due to the thermals.
  • the gas conveying means can be switched off; a controller can cause this, for example, automatically.
  • the device may optionally have, in addition to the described means, a sensor which detects a smoke development and is in communication communication with a controller which sets the gas conveying means in smoke development immediately automatically.
  • the wood stove 1 according FIG. 1 is of the type wood stove cooker. It has a combustion chamber 2, the bottom of which is formed by a grate 3. Below the grate 3 an ash receptacle is present, in which an air supply 4 opens from outside the furnace. On the upper side, a horizontal smoke extraction area 5 closes to the combustion chamber 5 on, through which the hot flue gases are passed and thereby, for example, a not directly above the combustion chamber lying hearth and / or a baking area warms up. To the horizontal smoke extraction area closes a stove pipe 7, which opens into a chimney 8. The smoke extraction area 5 of the oven, the stovepipe 7 and the chimney 8 together form the Gasabtextechnisch.
  • the solid arrows 10 illustrate the gas flow in normal operation. In continuous operation, the gas flow is generally kept in motion by the thermals of the furnace itself, and no dedicated drive means are required.
  • FIG. 1 schematically a gas conveying means 11 - for example, an electrically operated radial fan - and four possible placements of the air supply line or its mouth region are shown, wherein per oven preferably only one of these air supply lines 12, 13, 14, 15 is present.
  • the corresponding air supply line has a mouth section at least approximately parallel to the flow direction in the gas discharge line.
  • FIG. 2 shows a furnace 1 of a type without a horizontal flue, wherein the air supply line 16 is tapered in the area in front of its mouth in order to obtain the optimum inflow velocity in the mouth region and still to optimize the flow resistance.
  • a radial fan with a power of about 20 watts and an air supply line of a length of about 60 cm and a diameter of about 20 mm were used to air at the in FIG. 1 Blow in place designated 14.
  • the calculated flow velocity in the area of the mouth of the air supply line was about 12 m / s. Any incipient smoke development was stopped immediately by switching on the radial fan in this configuration and the firing process was immediately started again.
  • a radial fan with a power of about 56 watts and an air supply line with a length of about 1.5 m and a diameter of about 60 mm and at the mouth area of 30 mm were used to air the in Fig. 2 Blow in place designated 16.
  • the calculated flow velocity in the area of the mouth of the air supply line was about 15 m / s.
  • any incipient smoke development was stopped immediately by switching on the radial fan in this configuration and the firing process was immediately started again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP10405164A 2009-09-08 2010-09-06 Dispositif d'induction de tirage pour un appareil de chauffage au bois Withdrawn EP2292975A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01389/09A CH701784A1 (de) 2009-09-08 2009-09-08 Einrichtung zum Verbessern des Brennverhaltens einer Holzfeuerung sowie Holzfeuerung.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2292975A2 true EP2292975A2 (fr) 2011-03-09
EP2292975A3 EP2292975A3 (fr) 2013-01-02

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EP10405164A Withdrawn EP2292975A3 (fr) 2009-09-08 2010-09-06 Dispositif d'induction de tirage pour un appareil de chauffage au bois

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EP (1) EP2292975A3 (fr)
CH (1) CH701784A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT513992A1 (de) * 2013-02-15 2014-09-15 Kinzner Insam Ulrike Mag Heizvorrichtung
CN109163350A (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-01-08 广州海福医疗器械有限公司 一种燃烧供氧及排烟的装置及方法
CN114263972A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-01 厦门易辰达机械有限公司 无烟取暖炉

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202017001336U1 (de) * 2017-03-14 2017-05-10 Spartherm Feuerungstechnik Gmbh Feuerungsanlage

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2284828A1 (fr) 1974-09-11 1976-04-09 Quenon Jean Procede de combustion propre et continue du bois de chauffage a haut rendement calorifique
US4413571A (en) 1981-06-29 1983-11-08 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Maine Solid fuel hot water heater
US4441436A (en) 1982-10-27 1984-04-10 Takumi Noma Solid fuel burning methods and apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2929342A (en) * 1955-08-08 1960-03-22 Young Cyril Charles Incinerator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2284828A1 (fr) 1974-09-11 1976-04-09 Quenon Jean Procede de combustion propre et continue du bois de chauffage a haut rendement calorifique
US4413571A (en) 1981-06-29 1983-11-08 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Maine Solid fuel hot water heater
US4441436A (en) 1982-10-27 1984-04-10 Takumi Noma Solid fuel burning methods and apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT513992A1 (de) * 2013-02-15 2014-09-15 Kinzner Insam Ulrike Mag Heizvorrichtung
AT513992B1 (de) * 2013-02-15 2023-01-15 Ulrike Mag Kinzner Insam Heizvorrichtung
CN109163350A (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-01-08 广州海福医疗器械有限公司 一种燃烧供氧及排烟的装置及方法
CN109163350B (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-11-26 广州海福医疗器械有限公司 一种燃烧供氧及排烟的装置及操作方法
CN114263972A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-01 厦门易辰达机械有限公司 无烟取暖炉

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Publication number Publication date
EP2292975A3 (fr) 2013-01-02
CH701784A1 (de) 2011-03-15

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