US2929342A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

March 22, 1960 c. YOUNG 2,929,342

INCINERATOR Filed Aug. 8, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet l (f ATTO/QN March 22, 1960 c. c. YOUNG 2,929,342

INCINERATOR Filed Aug. 8, 1955 2 SheetsSheet 2 INVENToR. Cyr/7 kaf/es Vo/2 7 ATIRNEK INCINERATOR Cyril Charles Young, Kansas City, Mo. Application August 8, 195,5, Serial No. 527,048

3 Claims. (Cl. 110.8)

This invention relates to furnaces, ovens and the like for incinerating substances such as refuse, rubbish, garbage and the like, the primary object being to provide an arrangement in an incinerator capable of virtually complete consumption and reduction` to ashes of all combustible products, thereby reducing smoke .and odor emanating therefrom to a minimum.

-is made up of incompletely burned volatilized substances. VBy the same token, odors emanating from'the burning materials can be eliminated most eiectively by assuring complete combustion.

It is an extremely important object of the instant invention, therefore, to provide an incinerator having, in addition to the main or primary combustion chamber or receptacle for receiving the .materiall to be burned, an after burner or secondary combustion chamber presenting a high temperature section for receiving the unburned products from the primary chamber and consuming the same, to the end that very little smoke and odor pass from the secondary chamber to the outlet flue.-

Another important object of the instant invention is to provide an incinerator of the aforementioned character having a unique air circulating system capable of presenting adequate Oxygen to support combustion and which atmospheric air is properly heated prior to ypassage into the high temperature section aforementioned, and ultimately cooled to a substantially lower'temperature prior to discharge from the outlet hue,

A still further 'object or" the present invention is to .provide an ncinerator that includes ignition means in the nature of a re tube that traverses the materialreceiving receptacle whereby to ignite such material by heat conduction through the fire tube. v

A still further object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator having the said receptacle traversing re tube arranged. to direct the flame produced therein, not only into the high temperature section of the secondary combustion chamber, but into the materialreceiving receptacle itself so as to speed up the initial, as well as the secondary, burning operations.

'Another object of this invention-is the provision of an incinerator wherein the'atmospheric air forl'supporting combustion is directed into the material being burned through the .gr-ate, thence. through perforated bates underlying the material so that such air completely permeates thematerial, and finally, into the secondary chamber for ultimate passage to the ue by way of a down- -comer within the receptacle and within which the discharge end ofthe fire tube terminates in outwardly ared flame controlling fingers.

Other objects include the way Yin which the incinerator is structurally formed to present a ventilated outer casing; the manner of providing means to collect fly ash; the manner of providing for mechanical inducement of air-flow through. the chambers when needed or if desired; and many other advantageous features from the standpoint of convenience of use and maintenance, as well as ease and inexpensive construction, all of which will be made clear or become apparent as the following specication progresses.

In the drawings: v v

Figure 1 is a substantially central, vertical, cross-sectional view through an incinerator made pursuant to my present invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional view taken on line ll-li of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional View taken on line III--II'I of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a cross-.sectional view taken on irregular line iV--IV of Fig. l. l

As clearly illustrated in the drawings, the lincinerator chosen for illustration of the principles of the present invention, includes an outer casing broadly designated by the numeral 16 that is preferably of double wall construction and insulated substantially throughout as shown presenting a top wall 12, a front wall 14, a rear wall 16', a pair of side walls 18 and 20. y

.There is presented within the confines of the outer casing 10, a primary combustion chamber 22 and a compartment 24, the formerof which is in the nature of an open top and open bottom, material-receiving receptacle 26 normally closed at the top thereof by a door 28 which may be hingedly mounted and which forms a part of the topV wall 12. A iiue 30 extends through the top wall 12 and communicates with the compartment 24.

Receptacle 26 incfudes an inclined front wall 32 spanning the distance between the Walls 18 and 20 and joined to a pair of side walls 34 and 36 engaging the inner faces of walls 18 and 20 respectively. A vertical partition 38 and a vertical rear wall 40 joining the walls 34 and 36 dene the ychamber 22 and compartment Z4. For ventilating purposes,` the walls 32 and 40 are preferably spaced from the walls 14 and 16 respectively.

A foraminous grate 42 at the lowermost end of the receptacle 26, closes the lowermost end of a downcorner 4.4. within the receptacle 26 and is'slidably supported by opposed, perforated brackets 46 secured to the walls 34 and 36 for removal upon opening door 48 in the front wall 14. Downcomer`44 is provided with a pluraiity of siots 5G as seen in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings.

A substantially horizontal fire tube 52 traversing the receptacle 26 at the lowermost end of the latter above the grate 4Z, passes through Wall 32 and downcomer 44., terminating within the latter in a plurality of-outwardly flared .fingers 54.

A primary burner 56 and a pilot .burner 58withinthe lire` tube 52 at the opposite end thereof, extends through an opening 60 in the wall 18 as seen in Fig. 2. A downturned ap 62 struck from the tube 52 presents an opening for `passage of'a portion of `theame produced in the -door 48. An open top ash receiver 70 resting on a bottom wall 72 beneath the grate 42, may be removed by opening the door 48.

The compartment 24 is provided with a secondary combustion chamber 74 by virtue of ame bathe 76 made from heat resisting materials such as iirebrick, concrete or other ceramic substances, and which spans the -distance between the walls 34 and 36 as seen in Fig. 4.

Flame baille 76 has an outlet 78 at the top thereof next adjacent the partition 38 and communicates with an Opening 80 formed in the partition 38 at the bottom thereof in alignment with the discharge end of the lire .tube 52, it being seen therefore, that the secondary combustion chamber 74 and the downcomer 44 are thereby placed into communication. Flame baie 76 has a semicircular wall 82 facing the partition 38 and a liame control tube 84 within the flame baffle 76 secured to the partition 38 and communicating directly with the opening 80.

Air emanating from the outlet 78 of the ame baie 76 is channelled to the ue 30 through a circruitous path and therefore, cooled prior to discharge from the incinerator through the provision of a pair of bades 86 and 88 spanning the distance between the walls 34 and 36 and secured thereto. Baie 86 inclines upwardly and inwardly toward the partition 38 from the outlet opening 78 of ame baffle 76. The lowermost end of the vertical baille 88 terminates in a narrower tongue 90 that is inclined downwardly and outwardly toward the vertical wall 40.

Atmospheric air may enter along the walls 32 and 40 by virtue of the fact that the outer casing is provided with a plurality of supportingfeet 92 and such air may enter the receptacle 26 through an air inlet slot 94 in the wall 32 between grate 42 and the ash receiver 70.

In the event it becomes necessary or desirable to augment the How of air through the chamber 22 and compartment 24, there may be provided a blower 96 that receives atmospheric air from between the legs 92 and discharges the same upwardly through a pipe 98 aligned with the flue 30. The air discharge pipe 98 extends through a bottom wall 100 joining wall 40 and extending to the flame bafiie 76, presenting a y ash receptacle 102 which may be cleaned in any suitable manner such as by provision of an access door within one of the walls 18 or 20 (not shown).

In operation, the refuse to be burned such as all kinds of rubbish including paper, as well as garbage and other waste material, may be dumped into the receptacle 26 by opening door 28. It falls immediately upon the re tube 52 but the latter is protected against such material falling thereinto by the shield 64. Furthermore, the material is held away from the opening 80 by the downcomer 44.

The constantly burning pilot burner4 58 is utilized to ignite the gas or other fuel emanating from the burner 56 when the control valve (not shown) is opened. The lliame produced thereby within the lire tube 52 is not only directed into the secondary combustion chamber 74 of compartment 24, but a portion of such flame passes upwardly through the opening provided by ap 62 and into the refuse thereabove. Thus, the material in receptacle 26 is ignited not only by heat conduction through the tube 52, but by direct iiame.A Air enters the receptacle 26 by way of the air inlet slot 94 and the grate 42.A Such air isA pre-heated as it passes upwardly along the outer surfaces ofthe tube 52 and readily passes through the material being burned by virtue of the perforations in brackets 46 and baffles 66. The hot air thereupon enters the downcomer 44 through the slots 50 and passes into the secondary combustion chamber 74 via opening 80.

All unburned particles, i.e., smoke emanating from the receptacle 26, passes immediately to the fingers of flame emanating from the tube S2 within the downcomer 44 and is channelled into secondary combustion chamber 74 by the tube 84. Such smoke is virtually consumed in its entirety withinthe secondary combustion chamber 74 and the air emanating therefrom through the outlet 78, cools as it flows past baies 86 and 88 and the tongue 90 to the flue 30. Thus, the stack temperature is appreciably reduced and fly ash is collected within the receptacle 102. Manifestly, if the blower 96 is utilized, the ilow Vof air from the slot 94 to the ue 30, is increased.

It is appreciated further, as above indicated, that by virtue of such construction, very little smoke passes from the flue 3l) and odors are reduced to a minimum since substantially all of the odor producing products are completely consumed prior to discharge from the outlet `78. Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

l. An incinerator comprising structure having a primary combustion chamber having an air inlet and adapted to receive material to be burned, and a compartment having a ue; a secondary combustion chamber in the compartment having an outlet communicating with the flue and an inlet; a downcomer duct in the primary chamber having an upper inlet communicating with said chamber and a lower outlet communicating with said inlet of the secondary chamber for passage of unburned products from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber; a fire tube traversing the primary chamber; means for producing a ame in the tube, said tube being disposed to direct the ame into the secondary chamber through said inlet of the latter; and means in the primary chamber for tunneling said material into surrounding contacting relation to said tube.

2. An incinerator comprising structure having a primary combustion chamber having an air inlet and adapted to receive material to be burned, and a compartment having a ue; a secondary combustion chamber in the compartment having an outlet communicating with the flue and an inlet; a downcomer duct in the primary chamber having an upper inlet communicating with said chamber and a lower outlet communicating with said inlet of the secondary chamber for passage of unburned products from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber; a fire tube traversing the primary chamber; means for producing a flame in the tube, said tube being disposed to direct the flame into the secondary chamber through said inlet of the latter; and means including la plurality of baies in the primary chamber for tunneling said material into surrounding contacting relation to said tube, said bafes being perforated for passage of air from said first recited air inlet to the material.

3. An incinerator comprising a receptacle adapted to receive material to be burned; a formaminous grate at the lowermost end of the receptacle and open to the atmosphere for passage of air into the receptacle; a fire tube of heat-conductible substance traversing the receptacle at said end thereof above the gratevfor igniting said material; a combustion chamber having an inlet and an outlet; a downcomer duct communicating at its lower end with said chamber and at its upper end with said receptacle for passage of said air and unburned products from the receptacle to the chamber; and means for producinga -flame in' said tube and directing the same into the chamberfrom one end of the tube through said inlet, 'said tubeterminating at said one end thereof in a comer duct.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Lord Mar. 31, 1891 Cahoone Mar. 9, 1909 Krenz Oct. 5, 1915 Borge Aug. 13, 1918 10 Epstein Sept, 20, 1927 6 Saha Apr. 15, 1930 McEver Mar. 26, 1935 McKinley Aug. 6, 1935 Perry Aug. 8, 1944 McKinley Mar. 20, 1951 Greemen July 28, 1953 Martin June 21, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS Germany Jan. 6, 1923 Great Britain Aug. 5, 1940

Images