US3089440A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

May 14, 1963 C. A. MORGAN 3,089,440

INGINERATOR Filed Nov. 50, 1990 2 sheets-sheet 1 CLAUDE A. MORGAN XM1/MMM had WM 14H-wigs May 14, 1963 c. A. MORGAN 3,089,440

INCINERATOR Filed NOV. 30, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR. CLAUDE AMoReAN wdmwwww# Unire its This invention relates generally to smoke consuming combustion apparatus and in particular to an incinerator for combustion of refuse in which smoke, odor bearing vapors and y ash are consumed prior to their admission to the incinerator flue.

In the operation of domestic incinerators of the type referred to herein, the products of combustion of an incinerator charge are carried to the flue by convection air currents. It is highly desirable to design the incinerator so that the smoke, vapors and unburned particles issuing from the charge and admitted to the incinerator fiue be maintained at a minimum.

In the apparatus of the present invention, this is accomplished by providing an open ended member which acts as a flame carrier tunnel through the charge. Flame ports in `the sidewall of the tunnel member permit the flame to directly contact the charge to ignite it, the heating of the surfaces of the tunnel member by the flame also aiding in igniting the charge. The open end of the tunnel extends into a final combustion chamber formed by a channelshaped element which extends throughout the height Of the incinerator along the rear portion of its curved wall. Grill elements extend from each side of the web portion of the channel-shaped member and with the web portion define a charge-receiving chamber which has a truncated cylinder configuration. The lower corners of the channelshaped member are cut away to provide communication between the area rearwardly of the grill andthe nal cornbustion chamber.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide an efficient, relatively simply fabricated incinerator wherein smoke, odor bearing vapors and other solid products of combustion are consumed before their entry into the incinerator flue.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator utilizing a channel-shaped member to provide a vertical nal combustion chamber adjacent Ithe charge-receiving chamber, the channel-shaped member having cut-away sections at its base to permit the entry of air and products of combustion into the chamber.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings and the following description and the claims.

FG. l is a perspective view of an incinerator embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional View of the incinerator of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view taken generally along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a perspective, exploded view of two components of the incinerator structure.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the flame tunnel component of the incinerator.

Referring initially to FIGS. l, 2 and 3 the incinerator includes an outer sealing jacket which is circular in cross-sectional configuration and encloses the incinerator sidewall 11 which is formed of refractory material. Extending from the rear sidewall of the incinerator is a fitting which accommodates a conventional barometric check damper 15a which serves to limit the draft through the final combustion chamber to be subsequently described. The upper end of the incinerator is closed by means of a top casting 12, its down turned margins 13 serving to retain the jacket 16 in place. The casting 12 is provided with an oval aperture 14 to which may be connected a smoke pipe or flue indicated at 16 in FIG. 3. A charge-receiving opening in the casting 12 receives a removable closure 17 provided with a knob or handle 18. As may best be seen in FIG. l, the upper face of the Casting 12 is provided with grooves or channels 19 which extend across the face of the casting.

The base structure of the incinerator includes a circular base plate 23 supported upon legs 24. The base plate 23 receives stove rods (not shown) whose upper ends are received within apertures formed in lugs (not shown) carried by the top casting 12, the rods thus serving to tie the two ends of the structure together. A plate 26 is supported in spaced parallel relation to the plate 23 by means of members 27. Mounted within an opening within the plate 26 is a sliding grate 28 which may be manipulated by means of a member 29 accessible at the front of the incinerator as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.

Extending vertically upwardly from the plate 26 is a channel-shaped member 31 whose web portion 32 is spaced from the rear refractory sidewall 11a as indicated in FIG. 3. The channel-shaped member together with the sidewall 11a thus defines a vertically extending final combustion chamber 33, the open upper end of the chamber 33 communicating with the aperture 14 and the interior of the flue 16. The lower corners of the sidewalls 34 of the channel-shaped member are diagonally cut away as indicated at 3'6. The lower margin of the web portion 32 of the channel-shaped member is provided with an inverted, V-shaped aperture 37, a reinforcing member 3S extending across the aperture at its widest point.

Welded or otherwise rigidly secured to the web portion 32 of the channel-shaped member is a plate 39 having an outwardly offset upper margin or flange 41. The plate 39 is provided with an aperture 42 which registers with the aperture 37 when the plate is secured in place on the `channel-shaped member 32. Extending across t-he chargereceiving chamber 43 are two screens or grills 44 formed of any suitable material but shown fragmentarily in FIG. 2 as perforated sheets. The lower margin of the grills are retained by the flange 41 in the plate 39 and the grills are further retained by brackets 46 carried by the web portion 32 of the channel-shaped member 31. It will be noted that the grills 44 together with the sidewall 11 and the outer face of the web portion 32 define the chargereceiving chamber 43 and provides it with a generally truncated cylindrical configuration. The arrangement is such that unobstructed passages exist on each side of the channel-shaped member 31, -that is, outboard of the sides 34 of the member 31, these passages communicating with the final combustion chamber 33 through the cut-away areas in the base of the member 31.

Referring now particularly to FIGS. 3 and 5, the flame carrier tunnel will be described. The tunnel -member is of one-piece construction formed of cast iron or refractory material. It comprises a header component 48 and an inverted V-shaped channel 47. A `formed plate 45 extends across lthe base of the channel 47 between the lugs or abutments 54 and 55 and aids in directing flame toward the open end of the channel 47. A burner tube 49 (FIGS. l `and 3) introduces gas into the end of the carrier tube where it is aerated and ignited. The primary aeration and ignition means together with the required safety shutdown control structure are not shown in detail herein since they are conventional and for-m no part of the present invention. A safety shutdown and control valve structure, indicated generally at 51 in FIGS. 1 and 3, serves tov so as to admit air around the burner tube as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3. Air enters the aperture 22 after moving past the bracket 50. The air so admitted provides secondary air for the burner and provides an air supply for combustion of the refuse charge 53.

Each side face of the member 47 is provided with a generally triangular port 52 which permits passage of flame and air from the interior of the member 47 to the exterior thereof for direct contact with the refuse charge 53 (FIG. 3). The tabs 52a, extending inwardly adjacent the apertures 52 aid in directing iiame and air to the exterior of the member 47. The abutment 54 on membe 47 defines the depth of insertion of the open end of the member into the registering apertures 42 and 37 carried by the plate 39 and the member 31. The assembled position of the member 47 is illustrated in FIG. 3 and it will be noted that the member 38 provides a slight upward tilt to the axis of the flame carrier tunnel member 47. As will be apparent from FIG. 3 the open end of the member 47 terminates along a line which is slightly inclined from the vertical, the upper or apex margin of the member 47 being somewhat shorter than the lower edge margins thereof. The arrangement is such `as to permit the free entry of liame into the base of the final combustion chamber 33 without overheating and causing deterioration of the open end portion of the member 47. As the flame is propagated through the carrier tube the portion of the refractory wall 11a `adjacent and just above the open end of the member 47 may be raised to incandescent temperature. The incinerator structure is completed by an ash pan 61 which is supported on the plate 23.

In operation, with the chamber 43 charged with refuse, as indicated at 53 in FIG. 3, and with the gas burner ignited, fiame will proceed through the member 47 and will be deiiected through the ports 52 so as to ignite the charge. Flame will be also directed into the lower `area of the combustion chamber 33 as indicated in FIG. 3. Air from supporting combustion will be drawn through the port 22, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3, and a portion of this air together with the smoke and other products of combustion from the charge will be drawn through the grills 44 and into the unobstructed passages formed at each side of the member 31. This mixture of air :and products of combustion will be drawn by convection currents through the cut-away areas at the base of the member 31, across the flame entering the base of the combustion chamber 33 and then upwardly through the combustion chamber 33 to the fiue 16. The general direction of this movement is indicated by arrows in FIG. 3. It should be noted that the mixture of products of combustion and air moving through the unobstructed side passages intersects the fiame issuing from the open end of the member 47 before its passage upwardly through the final combustion chamber 33 and to the flue. This intersection of the products of combustion with the iiame and the impingement of the products of combustion on the incandescent rear `wall 11a of the tinal combustion chamber insures that complete combustion of the material occurs. Odor bearing vapors, smoke and carbon particles are substantially completely consumed so that the smoke content of the gases passing to the flue 16 is at a minimum.

While the invention has been disclosed yand described in some detail in the drawings and foregoing description, they are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, as other modifications may readily suggest themselves to persons skilled in this art and within the broad scope of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an incinerator of the type having a generally hollow cylindrical configuration with a refractory side wall and a fiue for disposing of combustion gases, a plate extending chordally across the lower portion of the ncinerator and disposed in a generally vertical plane, two spaced grills extending from the upper margin of said plate and in substantially the same vertical plane to the upper margin of said incinerator, a generally channelshaped member extending to the upper margin of said incinerator and disposed so that the outer face of its web portion is adjacent said plate and the inner side margins of said grills, said plate, grills, refractory side wall and outer face of said member defining a charge-receiving chamber having a truncated cylindrical configuration, whereby generally vertical gas passages are provided along the outer face of the sides of said channel-shaped member, said channel-shaped member defining with said refractory side wall a vertically extending combustion chamber communicating with the incinerator liuc, the lower corner portions of said member being cut away to provide communication ybetween said gas passages and said cornbustion chamber, a flame carrier tube extending transversely through said charge-receiving chamber adjacent its base for igniting refuse in said chamber, means for introducing ame into one end of said tube, the opposite end of said tube being open to permit the exit of ame therefrom and extending through said channel-shaped member into said combustion chamber, and means for introducing combustion supporting air into said chargereceiving chamber whereby products of charge combustion and air are drawn by convection across Said grills and into said vertical gas passages and travel downwardly in said passages to enter the base of said combustion charnber adjacent the open end of said flame carrier tube.

2. In an incinerator of the type having a generally tubular configuration with a refractory Side wall and a flue for disposing of combustion gases, a plate extending across the lower portion of the incinerator and disposed in a generally vertical plane, two spaced grills extending from the upper margin of said plate and in substantially the same vertical plane to the upper margin of said incinerator, a generally channel-shaped member extending to the upper margin of said incinerator and disposed so that outer face of its web portion is adjacent said plate and grills, said plate, grills, refractory side walls and the outer face of said member defining a charge-receiving chamber, whereby generally vertical gas passages are provided along the outer face of the sides of said channelshaped member, `said channel-shaped member defining with said refractory side wall a vertically extending combustion chamber communicating with the incinerator tine, the lower corner portions of said channel-shaped member ybeing cut away to provide the sole communication between said gas passages and said combustion chamber, a flame carrier tube extending transversely through said chargereceiving chamber adjacent its base for igniting refuse in said chamber, means for introducing fiame into one end of said tube, the opposite end of said tube being open to permit the exit of flame therefrom and extending through said channel-shaped member into said combustion chamber, and means for introducing combustion supporting air into said charge-receiving chamber, whereby products of charge combustion and air are drawn by convection across said grills and into said vertical gas passages and travel downwardly in said passages to enter the base of said combustion chamber adjacent the open end of said flame carrier tube.

References Cited in the file of this patent

Claims (1)

1. IN AN INCINERATOR OF THE TYPE HAVING A GENERALLY HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL CONFIGURATION WITH A REFRACTORY SIDE WALL AND A FLUE FOR DISPOSING OF COMBUSTION GASES, A PLATE EXTENDING CHORDALLY ACROSS THE LOWER PORTION OF THE INCINERATOR AND DISPOSED IN A GENERALLY VERTICAL PLANE, TWO SPACED GRILLS EXTENDING FROM THE UPPER MARGIN OF SAID PLATE AND IN SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME VERTICAL PLANE TO THE UPPER MARGIN OF SAID INCINERATOR, A GENERALLY CHANNELSHAPED MEMBER EXTENDING TO THE UPPER MARGIN OF SAID INCINERATOR AND DISPOSED SO THAT THE OUTER FACE OF ITS WEB PORTION IS ADJACENT SAID PLATE AND THE INNER SIDE MARGINS OF SAID GRILLS, SAID PLATE, GRILLS, REFRACTORY SIDE WALL AND OUTER FACE OF SAID MEMBER DEFINING A CHARGE-RECEIVING CHAMBER HAVING A TRUNCATED CYLINDRICAL CONFIGURATION, WHEREBY GENERALLY VERTICAL GAS PASSAGES ARE PROVIDED ALONG THE OUTER FACE OF THE SIDES OF SAID CHANNEL-SHAPED MEMBER, SAID CHANNEL-SHAPED MEMBER DEFINING WITH SAID REFRACTORY SIDE WALL A VERTICALLY EXTENDING COMBUSTION CHAMBER COMMUNICATING WITH THE INCINERATOR FLUE, THE LOWER CORNER PORTIONS OF SAID MEMBER BEING CUT AWAY TO PROVIDE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN SAID GAS PASSAGES AND SAID COMBUSTION CHAMBER, A FLAME CARRIER TUBE EXTENDING TRANSVERSELY THROUGH SAID CHARGE-RECEIVING CHAMBER ADJACENT

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