EP2287984B1 - Überspannungsableiter - Google Patents

Überspannungsableiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2287984B1
EP2287984B1 EP09009408A EP09009408A EP2287984B1 EP 2287984 B1 EP2287984 B1 EP 2287984B1 EP 09009408 A EP09009408 A EP 09009408A EP 09009408 A EP09009408 A EP 09009408A EP 2287984 B1 EP2287984 B1 EP 2287984B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
surge absorber
spark gap
granulate
absorber according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09009408A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2287984A1 (de
Inventor
Jürgen SCHURWANZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PL09009408T priority Critical patent/PL2287984T3/pl
Application filed by Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT09009408T priority patent/ATE525775T1/de
Priority to PT09009408T priority patent/PT2287984E/pt
Priority to SI200930082T priority patent/SI2287984T1/sl
Priority to EP09009408A priority patent/EP2287984B1/de
Priority to ES09009408T priority patent/ES2369329T3/es
Priority to CN201010233889.XA priority patent/CN101958540B/zh
Publication of EP2287984A1 publication Critical patent/EP2287984A1/de
Priority to HK11104388.9A priority patent/HK1151136A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2287984B1 publication Critical patent/EP2287984B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/16—Series resistor structurally associated with spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C8/00—Non-adjustable resistors consisting of loose powdered or granular conducting, or powdered or granular semi-conducting material
    • H01C8/04—Overvoltage protection resistors; Arresters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge arrester having at least one spark gap and an electrical element connected in series, wherein the electrical element consists of a component with two electrodes, between which a granulate of electrically conductive material is arranged, which electrically conductively connects the electrodes, wherein the granulate holding space is surrounded by a heat-resistant Isolierstoffhülle.
  • Surge arresters in particular lightning current arresters, which have a spark-current-carrying spark gap with a plurality of spark gaps connected in series, are known in the prior art. Such devices are used to prevent damage due to a lightning strike or other overvoltage case.
  • the spark gaps are used for transient equipotential bonding, whereby the subsequent follow-on current should also be deleted.
  • the previous solutions are based on the fact that several spark gaps are connected in series in order to improve the sequence current extinguishing capability. However, this results in an undesirable increase in the response voltage. The more spark gaps are connected in series, the greater the response voltage of the system.
  • a capacitive control of the spark gaps can be used. Also in this case technical boundary conditions are given, which also increase the response voltage with an increase in the spark gap number. In addition, the circuit complexity due to the large number of spark gaps and possibly required additional circuit measures, such as capacitive controls, consuming.
  • the first spark gap which is thus connected directly to the live conductor, so formed and their anode and cathode formed by the electrodes spaced such that a corresponding response voltage is achieved.
  • a short-circuit current flows after ignition and at each following spark gap, a high voltage drop builds up, which adds up by the plurality of spark gaps, so that according to the number of spark gaps, the arc voltage is greater than the mains voltage, so that no Netz Steinstrom arises.
  • varistors for example, in the DE 10 2006 031 229 B3 described, heats the element, in particular the varistor in case of excessive stress due to a corresponding overvoltage.
  • the corresponding surge arrester for example the varistor, is then no longer functional and must be replaced.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a surge arrester, which forms a system with as possible only a spark gap and thus appropriate response and has the Folgestromlösch tiles a multiple spark gap.
  • the invention proposes that the granules are arranged in bulk in the space formed between the electrodes and the Isolierstoffhülle, and that the granules consist of graphite grains or balls.
  • the component with the two electrodes and the intervening granules of electrically conductive material is very low impedance before the current flow in the event of an overvoltage event.
  • an overvoltage event such as a lightning strike
  • many small spark gaps are ignited between the granules, so that at the corresponding current load due to the reverse voltages of the numerous transitions between the granules high attenuation of the Net sequence current is reached, so that the follower current goes out.
  • the corresponding temperature-resistant Isolierstoffhülle is provided.
  • such a component is to be connected in series with a spark gap having a correspondingly low response level, for example between the phase conductors and the PE conductors of a protected system. Due to this design, the problem is completely solved because the single-spark gap is an element in the form of the component connected in series, which is very low impedance before the current flow and during the current flow high counter-tension or damping developed to the single-spark gap the Allow deletion of the follow-on stream.
  • a loose bed is required to ensure a distance between the granules which allows the formation of small arcs between the granules.
  • the bed must be sufficient within the space that is surrounded by the Isolierstoffhülle to ensure contact of the granules with the electrodes at different positions of the element.
  • the electrodes have protrusions protruding into the space.
  • the granules have a grain size of 0.4 to 1.6 mm.
  • the Isolierstoffhülle consists of ceramic or glass.
  • a lower limit is given by that, when the grain is very fine, very little air remains between the particles, so that the desired effect may not be achieved or only insufficiently achieved.
  • An upper limit is given by the fact that the largest possible number of granules should be arranged in the corresponding space.
  • surge arrester with a plurality of spark gaps connected in series and to complete these series-connected with an electrical element specified type.
  • the electrodes consist of graphite.
  • the one electrode of the component forms an electrode of the spark gap.
  • an annular insulator is applied to the electrodes, which forms the one electrode of the spark gap, on which the second electrode of the spark gap is placed.
  • the electrodes of the component and the spark gap are cylindrical and the insulating material is a tube which is connected to the electrodes of the component.
  • the annular insulator between the electrodes of the spark gap is made of heat-resistant material, in particular PTFE or ceramic.
  • FIG. 1 shows a corresponding surge arrester seen in the central longitudinal section.
  • This surge arrester consists of a spark gap 1, which is connected via connecting conductors to, for example, a phase conductor at I and a PE conductor at II of an AC voltage network. In series with the spark gap, an electrical element is connected.
  • This element consists of a component 2 with two electrodes 3,4, between which a granulate 5 of electrically conductive material is arranged, through which the electrodes 3,4 are electrically conductively connected to each other.
  • the granulate 5 holding space is surrounded by a temperature-resistant Isolierstoffhülle 6.
  • the granules 5 are arranged in bulk in the space formed between the electrodes 3, 4 and the insulating sleeve 6.
  • the electrodes 3, 4 preferably have protrusions 7, 8 protruding into the space, in order to ensure that the electrodes 3, 4 are in contact with the constituents of the granules 5 in each use position of the element.
  • the granules consist of spherical or granular particles, preferably graphite grains or graphite balls, with a grain size of the order of 0.4-1.6 mm being preferred.
  • the Isolierstoffhülle 6 is made of ceramic or glass, while the electrodes 3,4 made of graphite.
  • the one electrode 3 of the component 2 forms an electrode of the spark gap, whose other electrode is indicated at 9.
  • the electrode 3 which forms both an electrode of the component 2, and an electrode of the spark gap 1, and the electrode 9 is a preferably annular Insulator 10, arranged for example of PTFE. Due to the distance between the electrodes 9 and 3, the ignition behavior of the spark gap 1 can be set to the desired level.
  • the extinguishing behavior is determined solely by the component 2, which can be adjusted according to its determination in diameter and / or in length in a quenching behavior, so that a corresponding amount and distribution of granules 5 is achieved.
  • the electrode 9 is preferably made of graphite.
  • the electrodes 3 and 4 with the insulating material sheath 6 form an interconnected closed element which contains or comprises the granules 5.
  • the surge arrester according to the invention has a low response voltage, wherein a high counter voltage is built up when igniting because of the granules of the granules 5 many small spark gaps are formed by flashovers. As a result, however, the response voltage of the spark gap 1 is not affected or increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
EP09009408A 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Überspannungsableiter Active EP2287984B1 (de)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT09009408T ATE525775T1 (de) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Überspannungsableiter
PT09009408T PT2287984E (pt) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Limitador de tensão
SI200930082T SI2287984T1 (sl) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Prenapetostni odvodnik
EP09009408A EP2287984B1 (de) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Überspannungsableiter
PL09009408T PL2287984T3 (pl) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Ochronnik przepięciowy
ES09009408T ES2369329T3 (es) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Descargador de sobretensión.
CN201010233889.XA CN101958540B (zh) 2009-07-20 2010-06-11 电涌放电器
HK11104388.9A HK1151136A1 (en) 2009-07-20 2011-05-03 A surge arrester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09009408A EP2287984B1 (de) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Überspannungsableiter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2287984A1 EP2287984A1 (de) 2011-02-23
EP2287984B1 true EP2287984B1 (de) 2011-09-21

Family

ID=41302857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09009408A Active EP2287984B1 (de) 2009-07-20 2009-07-20 Überspannungsableiter

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2287984B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN101958540B (pl)
AT (1) ATE525775T1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2369329T3 (pl)
HK (1) HK1151136A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2287984T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT2287984E (pl)
SI (1) SI2287984T1 (pl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012005944A1 (de) 2012-03-26 2013-09-26 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter
DE102012006809A1 (de) 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Funkenstrecke für Überspannungsableiter
EP2916402A1 (de) 2014-03-06 2015-09-09 OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG Überspannungsableiter

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL2498352T3 (pl) 2011-03-10 2014-04-30 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Ogranicznik przepięć
DE202012012472U1 (de) 2012-02-08 2013-01-25 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter
EP2812962B1 (de) 2012-02-08 2016-04-06 OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG Überspannungsableiter
CN110400667B (zh) * 2018-04-24 2021-07-13 成都铁达电子股份有限公司 一种低固有电容压敏电阻器
CN113629686B (zh) * 2021-07-22 2022-10-28 西安交通大学 一种基于石墨-金属镀层材料的智能多层间隙过电压保护器

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1159205A (en) 1914-05-15 1915-11-02 Gen Electric Protective device.
US2329085A (en) 1940-06-13 1943-09-07 Norton Co Lightning arrester
IL113502A0 (en) * 1994-06-01 1995-07-31 Raychem Corp Composition for use in a telecommunications gas tube
DE19742302A1 (de) 1997-09-25 1999-04-08 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke
WO2004017479A1 (de) * 2002-07-19 2004-02-26 Epcos Ag Schutzelement zum ableiten von überspannungen und verwendung
CN101297452A (zh) * 2005-09-14 2008-10-29 力特保险丝有限公司 充气式电涌放电器、激活化合物、点火条及相应方法
DE102006031229B3 (de) 2006-07-06 2007-12-06 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co Kg Gerät zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen für elektrische Anlagen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012005944A1 (de) 2012-03-26 2013-09-26 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter
DE102012006809A1 (de) 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Funkenstrecke für Überspannungsableiter
EP2916402A1 (de) 2014-03-06 2015-09-09 OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG Überspannungsableiter
DE102014102969A1 (de) 2014-03-06 2015-09-10 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter
DE102014102969B4 (de) * 2014-03-06 2016-05-04 Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SI2287984T1 (sl) 2011-12-30
CN101958540A (zh) 2011-01-26
ES2369329T3 (es) 2011-11-29
ATE525775T1 (de) 2011-10-15
PL2287984T3 (pl) 2012-02-29
CN101958540B (zh) 2014-10-22
EP2287984A1 (de) 2011-02-23
HK1151136A1 (en) 2012-01-20
PT2287984E (pt) 2011-10-04

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