EP2287984B1 - Paratonnerre - Google Patents
Paratonnerre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2287984B1 EP2287984B1 EP09009408A EP09009408A EP2287984B1 EP 2287984 B1 EP2287984 B1 EP 2287984B1 EP 09009408 A EP09009408 A EP 09009408A EP 09009408 A EP09009408 A EP 09009408A EP 2287984 B1 EP2287984 B1 EP 2287984B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- surge absorber
- spark gap
- granulate
- absorber according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009118 appropriate response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/16—Series resistor structurally associated with spark gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C8/00—Non-adjustable resistors consisting of loose powdered or granular conducting, or powdered or granular semi-conducting material
- H01C8/04—Overvoltage protection resistors; Arresters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a surge arrester having at least one spark gap and an electrical element connected in series, wherein the electrical element consists of a component with two electrodes, between which a granulate of electrically conductive material is arranged, which electrically conductively connects the electrodes, wherein the granulate holding space is surrounded by a heat-resistant Isolierstoffhülle.
- Surge arresters in particular lightning current arresters, which have a spark-current-carrying spark gap with a plurality of spark gaps connected in series, are known in the prior art. Such devices are used to prevent damage due to a lightning strike or other overvoltage case.
- the spark gaps are used for transient equipotential bonding, whereby the subsequent follow-on current should also be deleted.
- the previous solutions are based on the fact that several spark gaps are connected in series in order to improve the sequence current extinguishing capability. However, this results in an undesirable increase in the response voltage. The more spark gaps are connected in series, the greater the response voltage of the system.
- a capacitive control of the spark gaps can be used. Also in this case technical boundary conditions are given, which also increase the response voltage with an increase in the spark gap number. In addition, the circuit complexity due to the large number of spark gaps and possibly required additional circuit measures, such as capacitive controls, consuming.
- the first spark gap which is thus connected directly to the live conductor, so formed and their anode and cathode formed by the electrodes spaced such that a corresponding response voltage is achieved.
- a short-circuit current flows after ignition and at each following spark gap, a high voltage drop builds up, which adds up by the plurality of spark gaps, so that according to the number of spark gaps, the arc voltage is greater than the mains voltage, so that no Netz Steinstrom arises.
- varistors for example, in the DE 10 2006 031 229 B3 described, heats the element, in particular the varistor in case of excessive stress due to a corresponding overvoltage.
- the corresponding surge arrester for example the varistor, is then no longer functional and must be replaced.
- the present invention seeks to provide a surge arrester, which forms a system with as possible only a spark gap and thus appropriate response and has the Folgestromlösch tiles a multiple spark gap.
- the invention proposes that the granules are arranged in bulk in the space formed between the electrodes and the Isolierstoffhülle, and that the granules consist of graphite grains or balls.
- the component with the two electrodes and the intervening granules of electrically conductive material is very low impedance before the current flow in the event of an overvoltage event.
- an overvoltage event such as a lightning strike
- many small spark gaps are ignited between the granules, so that at the corresponding current load due to the reverse voltages of the numerous transitions between the granules high attenuation of the Net sequence current is reached, so that the follower current goes out.
- the corresponding temperature-resistant Isolierstoffhülle is provided.
- such a component is to be connected in series with a spark gap having a correspondingly low response level, for example between the phase conductors and the PE conductors of a protected system. Due to this design, the problem is completely solved because the single-spark gap is an element in the form of the component connected in series, which is very low impedance before the current flow and during the current flow high counter-tension or damping developed to the single-spark gap the Allow deletion of the follow-on stream.
- a loose bed is required to ensure a distance between the granules which allows the formation of small arcs between the granules.
- the bed must be sufficient within the space that is surrounded by the Isolierstoffhülle to ensure contact of the granules with the electrodes at different positions of the element.
- the electrodes have protrusions protruding into the space.
- the granules have a grain size of 0.4 to 1.6 mm.
- the Isolierstoffhülle consists of ceramic or glass.
- a lower limit is given by that, when the grain is very fine, very little air remains between the particles, so that the desired effect may not be achieved or only insufficiently achieved.
- An upper limit is given by the fact that the largest possible number of granules should be arranged in the corresponding space.
- surge arrester with a plurality of spark gaps connected in series and to complete these series-connected with an electrical element specified type.
- the electrodes consist of graphite.
- the one electrode of the component forms an electrode of the spark gap.
- an annular insulator is applied to the electrodes, which forms the one electrode of the spark gap, on which the second electrode of the spark gap is placed.
- the electrodes of the component and the spark gap are cylindrical and the insulating material is a tube which is connected to the electrodes of the component.
- the annular insulator between the electrodes of the spark gap is made of heat-resistant material, in particular PTFE or ceramic.
- FIG. 1 shows a corresponding surge arrester seen in the central longitudinal section.
- This surge arrester consists of a spark gap 1, which is connected via connecting conductors to, for example, a phase conductor at I and a PE conductor at II of an AC voltage network. In series with the spark gap, an electrical element is connected.
- This element consists of a component 2 with two electrodes 3,4, between which a granulate 5 of electrically conductive material is arranged, through which the electrodes 3,4 are electrically conductively connected to each other.
- the granulate 5 holding space is surrounded by a temperature-resistant Isolierstoffhülle 6.
- the granules 5 are arranged in bulk in the space formed between the electrodes 3, 4 and the insulating sleeve 6.
- the electrodes 3, 4 preferably have protrusions 7, 8 protruding into the space, in order to ensure that the electrodes 3, 4 are in contact with the constituents of the granules 5 in each use position of the element.
- the granules consist of spherical or granular particles, preferably graphite grains or graphite balls, with a grain size of the order of 0.4-1.6 mm being preferred.
- the Isolierstoffhülle 6 is made of ceramic or glass, while the electrodes 3,4 made of graphite.
- the one electrode 3 of the component 2 forms an electrode of the spark gap, whose other electrode is indicated at 9.
- the electrode 3 which forms both an electrode of the component 2, and an electrode of the spark gap 1, and the electrode 9 is a preferably annular Insulator 10, arranged for example of PTFE. Due to the distance between the electrodes 9 and 3, the ignition behavior of the spark gap 1 can be set to the desired level.
- the extinguishing behavior is determined solely by the component 2, which can be adjusted according to its determination in diameter and / or in length in a quenching behavior, so that a corresponding amount and distribution of granules 5 is achieved.
- the electrode 9 is preferably made of graphite.
- the electrodes 3 and 4 with the insulating material sheath 6 form an interconnected closed element which contains or comprises the granules 5.
- the surge arrester according to the invention has a low response voltage, wherein a high counter voltage is built up when igniting because of the granules of the granules 5 many small spark gaps are formed by flashovers. As a result, however, the response voltage of the spark gap 1 is not affected or increased.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Parafoudre comportant au moins un éclateur (1) et un élément électrique couplé en série avec celui-ci, l'élément électrique étant formé d'un composant (2) avec deux électrodes (3, 4) entre lesquelles est disposé un granulat (5) en matériau électroconducteur, lequel relie entre elles les électrodes (3, 4) de manière électroconductrice, la chambre contenant le granulat (5) étant entourée par une enveloppe isolante (6) résistante à la température, caractérisé en ce que le granulat (5) est disposé en vrac dans la chambre formée entre les électrodes (3, 4) et l'enveloppe isolante (6), et que le granulat (5) est composé de grains ou billes de graphite.
- Parafoudre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (3, 4) présentent des saillies (7, 8) qui pénètrent dans la chambre.
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le granulat (5) est composé de particules sphériques.
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le granulat (5) est composé de particules granuleuses.
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le granulat (5) présente une granulométrie de 0,4 à 1,6 mm.
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe isolante (6) est en céramique ou en verre.
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (3, 4) sont en graphite.
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une électrode (3) du composant (2) forme une électrode de l'éclateur (1).
- Parafoudre selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que sur l'électrode (3) qui forme ladite une électrode de l'éclateur (1) est appliqué un isolateur annulaire (10) sur lequel est rapportée la deuxième électrode (9) de l'éclateur (1).
- Parafoudre selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (3, 4, 9) du composant (2) et de l'éclateur (1) sont cylindriques et l'enveloppe isolante (6) est un tube qui est raccordé aux électrodes (3, 4) du composant.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT09009408T ATE525775T1 (de) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Überspannungsableiter |
PT09009408T PT2287984E (pt) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Limitador de tensão |
SI200930082T SI2287984T1 (sl) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Prenapetostni odvodnik |
EP09009408A EP2287984B1 (fr) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Paratonnerre |
PL09009408T PL2287984T3 (pl) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Ochronnik przepięciowy |
ES09009408T ES2369329T3 (es) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Descargador de sobretensión. |
CN201010233889.XA CN101958540B (zh) | 2009-07-20 | 2010-06-11 | 电涌放电器 |
HK11104388.9A HK1151136A1 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2011-05-03 | A surge arrester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09009408A EP2287984B1 (fr) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Paratonnerre |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2287984A1 EP2287984A1 (fr) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2287984B1 true EP2287984B1 (fr) | 2011-09-21 |
Family
ID=41302857
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09009408A Active EP2287984B1 (fr) | 2009-07-20 | 2009-07-20 | Paratonnerre |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2287984B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101958540B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE525775T1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2369329T3 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1151136A1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2287984T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT2287984E (fr) |
SI (1) | SI2287984T1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012005944A1 (de) | 2012-03-26 | 2013-09-26 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102012006809A1 (de) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Funkenstrecke für Überspannungsableiter |
EP2916402A1 (fr) | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG | Paratonnerre |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL2498352T3 (pl) | 2011-03-10 | 2014-04-30 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Ogranicznik przepięć |
DE202012012472U1 (de) | 2012-02-08 | 2013-01-25 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
EP2812962B1 (fr) | 2012-02-08 | 2016-04-06 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG | Limiteur de surtension |
CN110400667B (zh) * | 2018-04-24 | 2021-07-13 | 成都铁达电子股份有限公司 | 一种低固有电容压敏电阻器 |
CN113629686B (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | 一种基于石墨-金属镀层材料的智能多层间隙过电压保护器 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1159205A (en) | 1914-05-15 | 1915-11-02 | Gen Electric | Protective device. |
US2329085A (en) | 1940-06-13 | 1943-09-07 | Norton Co | Lightning arrester |
IL113502A0 (en) * | 1994-06-01 | 1995-07-31 | Raychem Corp | Composition for use in a telecommunications gas tube |
DE19742302A1 (de) | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-08 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke |
WO2004017479A1 (fr) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-26 | Epcos Ag | Element de protection pour deriver des surtensions et utilisation correspondante |
CN101297452A (zh) * | 2005-09-14 | 2008-10-29 | 力特保险丝有限公司 | 充气式电涌放电器、激活化合物、点火条及相应方法 |
DE102006031229B3 (de) | 2006-07-06 | 2007-12-06 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co Kg | Gerät zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen für elektrische Anlagen |
-
2009
- 2009-07-20 PL PL09009408T patent/PL2287984T3/pl unknown
- 2009-07-20 ES ES09009408T patent/ES2369329T3/es active Active
- 2009-07-20 SI SI200930082T patent/SI2287984T1/sl unknown
- 2009-07-20 EP EP09009408A patent/EP2287984B1/fr active Active
- 2009-07-20 AT AT09009408T patent/ATE525775T1/de active
- 2009-07-20 PT PT09009408T patent/PT2287984E/pt unknown
-
2010
- 2010-06-11 CN CN201010233889.XA patent/CN101958540B/zh active Active
-
2011
- 2011-05-03 HK HK11104388.9A patent/HK1151136A1/xx unknown
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012005944A1 (de) | 2012-03-26 | 2013-09-26 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102012006809A1 (de) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Funkenstrecke für Überspannungsableiter |
EP2916402A1 (fr) | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG | Paratonnerre |
DE102014102969A1 (de) | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-10 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102014102969B4 (de) * | 2014-03-06 | 2016-05-04 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SI2287984T1 (sl) | 2011-12-30 |
CN101958540A (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
ES2369329T3 (es) | 2011-11-29 |
ATE525775T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
PL2287984T3 (pl) | 2012-02-29 |
CN101958540B (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2287984A1 (fr) | 2011-02-23 |
HK1151136A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 |
PT2287984E (pt) | 2011-10-04 |
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