EP2283334A1 - Capteur de pression pour des mesures dans une chambre d un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Capteur de pression pour des mesures dans une chambre d un moteur à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP2283334A1
EP2283334A1 EP09757026A EP09757026A EP2283334A1 EP 2283334 A1 EP2283334 A1 EP 2283334A1 EP 09757026 A EP09757026 A EP 09757026A EP 09757026 A EP09757026 A EP 09757026A EP 2283334 A1 EP2283334 A1 EP 2283334A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
membrane
pressure sensor
sensor according
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09757026A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kistler Holding AG
Original Assignee
Kistler Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kistler Holding AG filed Critical Kistler Holding AG
Publication of EP2283334A1 publication Critical patent/EP2283334A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/08—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically
    • G01L23/10—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically by pressure-sensitive members of the piezoelectric type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
    • G01L23/222—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines using piezoelectric devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/002—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines with sensing means

Definitions

  • Pressure sensor for measurements in a chamber of an internal combustion engine
  • the invention relates to a pressure sensor for measurements in a chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular a pressure measuring glow plug comprising a housing, a pressure element for receiving a pressure, as well as a measuring element with a sensor element arranged in the housing behind the pressure element in the pressure direction Membrane which is fixedly connected at its first end to the pressure element and at its second end directly or indirectly fixed to the housing.
  • Similar pressure sensors such as those mentioned above are known, for example, from WO 2006/089446.
  • a membrane is located in the front region of the glow plug, which seals the interior of the housing from the combustion chamber. By means of this membrane, a bias voltage can be applied to the sensor.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify a pressure measuring element of the type mentioned at the outset which has fewer sources of power transmission error.
  • the idea underlying the invention is that the pressure element is supported on the measuring element via the membrane.
  • the pressure element is arranged at a distance from the measuring element. As a result, it is no longer necessary to create a very well-defined contact surface between the pressure element and the measuring element.
  • the pressure element is no longer in the force path, which acts on the sensor during a measurement.
  • An imprecise attachment of the pressure element to a further transmission component can thus no longer cause an error on the measurement. This is important because some printing elements, such as in particular that of a glow plug, can only be edited with great effort to the required accuracy.
  • the pressure element and its attachment are therefore not critical for the measurement.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a pressure sensor in section according to the prior art with indication of
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a pressure sensor according to the invention in section, with an indication of the force transmission path;
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail from FIG. 2 in the region of the membrane with indication of the force transmission path
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a pressure sensor according to the invention in section with anti-static sleeve with indication of the force transmission path;
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail from FIG. 4 in the region of the membrane with indication of the force transmission path
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative schematic representation of a pressure sensor according to the invention in section with antistrain sleeve
  • Fig. 7a, b two variants of a detail of Figure 6 in the region of the membrane with indication of the force transmission paths. - A -
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a pressure sensor 1 in section according to the prior art from WO 2006/089446.
  • This pressure sensor 1 comprises a housing 2, in the front region of which a pressure element 3, designed here as a glow plug, is inserted, which protrudes from the housing 2. Subsequently behind the pressure element 3 is a force transmission element 21, behind which a sensor element 5 is arranged. Behind this sensor element 5 is a fixing element 22, which bears against a connecting element 23 on the rear side. The connecting element 23 is attached at its rear end to a shoulder 24 of the housing 2. Force transmission element 21, sensor element 5 and fixing element 22 together form a measuring element 4. The sensor element 5 is in the pressure sensor 1 in the prestressed state.
  • the housing 2 For mounting the pressure sensor 1, designed as a pressure measuring glow plug, in a bore provided for this purpose in a cylinder head, the housing 2 usually has a thread 25 and a hexagon 26 as a contact surface for a tool. In the rearmost area of the glow plug is the output for the wiring 27, which also includes lines for the measuring element 4.
  • a bias voltage to the sensor element 5 can be brought.
  • the membrane 7 is in this embodiment at its first end, the inner end, fixed to the pressure element 3 and at its second end, the outer end, attached to the housing 2.
  • a pressure in the combustion chamber resp. in the chamber 29 is transmitted to the sensor element 5 via the pressure element 3 and the force transmission element 21.
  • the measuring element 4 is supported by a pin 28 extending centrally therethrough. This pin 28 has no influence on the power transmission. In this pin also runs a Glühstromdraht 30, which, in the case of a Meßglühkerze, the pressure element 3 can heat.
  • the force path 20 is indicated dotted in this figure on one side. It extends from the pressure element 3 via the force transmission element 21, via the sensor element 5, via the fixing element 22, via the connecting element 23, via the rear shoulder 24, and finally via the housing 2 via the membrane 7 back to the pressure element 3. If one of these bearing surfaces is not designed precisely and has a resilient support which can absorb energy in the event of a load, so sets a measurement error.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a pressure sensor 1 according to the invention for measurements in a chamber 29 of an internal combustion engine in a preferred embodiment.
  • This illustration also includes a housing 2 and a pressure element 3, which here protrudes from the housing 2.
  • a measuring element 4 in the housing 2 is arranged in the printing direction behind this pressure element 3.
  • This fixing 22 may, as in the prior art, supported on other components of the pressure sensor 1, as here on the connecting element 23 and finally on the projection 24 of the housing. 2
  • the force path 20 is shown in dashed lines in Fig. 2. It leads via the membrane 7 and in particular not via the pressure element. 3
  • this pressure element 1 is also configured in the preferred embodiment as Druckmessglühkerze.
  • the membrane 7 is connected differently, as shown in Fig. 3. At its first end 9, it is still attached to the pressure element 3 with a connection 16. This connection is preferably cohesive. In the region of the second end 10, it is also attached, directly or indirectly, with a connection 19 on the housing 2. Thus, a seal to the housing interior 6 is still guaranteed.
  • the membrane 7 has a recess in the middle for the passage of a glow wire 30. As shown in the detail view in Fig. 3, the pressure element 3 but supported via the membrane 7 on a membrane support surface 8 on the measuring element 4 from.
  • the force path 20 extends from the housing 2 via the connection point 19 to the diaphragm 7 and further via the membrane support surface 8 to the measuring element 4, without passing through the pressure element.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show embodiments according to the invention as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the embodiments in FIGS. 4 and 5 having a tensioning element 13.
  • This tensioning element 13 which is arranged between the housing 2 and the measuring element 4, serves to preload the measuring element 4, which always has to be present in the prestressed state for a measurement. Characterized in that the measuring element 4 via a clamping element 13 and not, as usual and as shown in Fig. 1, is supported via the housing 2, the pressure sensor 1 is insensitive to stresses and forces acting on the housing 2.
  • Such a clamping element 13 is preferably in the region of its first end 14, in the region of the diaphragm 7, directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the housing 2 at a connection 19. At its second end 15, viewed in the pressure direction behind the sensor element 5, it is firmly connected to the measuring element 4 at a connection 17. Thus, it ensures a decoupling of the housing 2 in the rear region, ie in the region which, viewed in the pressure direction, lies behind the fixed connection 19 between the housing and the clamping element.
  • the second end of the membrane 10 is fixedly connected to the first end of the clamping element 14. This is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 6, especially in Figs. 5 and 7a and 7b.
  • This solid connection 18 is preferably a weld. By an I-weld a very good connection 18 can be achieved, which is why such a connection is preferred. A welding through in the Rich overlaying membrane 7 and clamping element 13 is also possible.
  • a second connection 17 between the clamping element and the rear part of the measuring element 4 is finally attached after this first connection 18.
  • This connection 17 must be arranged behind the sensor element 5 in the direction of compression.
  • the measuring element 4 can be biased only with the clamping element 13 before the pressure element 3 is attached, or the membrane is first attached to the pressure element 3 and then the measuring element 4 is prestressed in the clamping element 13 by attachment the second welding 17.
  • the prestressed measuring element 4 can be attached to the housing with a through-welding 19.
  • This weld 19 must be tight in order to seal the housing interior 6 from the pressure chamber 29, in particular when used in a combustion chamber.
  • This connection 19 can be applied through the membrane 7 in the second end region 10 or through the tensioning element 13.
  • both the second end of the diaphragm 10 and the first end of the tensioning element 14 are respectively attached directly or indirectly to the housing 2.
  • the tensioning element 13 is preferably a tensioning sleeve which extends around the measuring element 4. Alternatively, it can also be configured as a clamp with two or more arms which extend into the rear region of the measuring element 4.
  • the advantage of a continuous clamping sleeve is the ease of production and the ability to attach them to the measuring element 4 in the entire circumference.
  • the force path 20 is also indicated by dashed lines in FIGS. 4 and 5. In contrast to FIGS. 2 and 3, this now runs over the tensioning element 13 and no longer over the housing 2. Thanks to the shortened force path, in which fewer components are affected, the source of the error is again severely limited.
  • the membrane 7 extends at least partially into the region between the pressure element 3 and the measuring element 4.
  • the membrane 7 is preferably attached to a rear in the pressure direction of the pressure element 3 level ,
  • the membrane 7 is essentially designed as a disk-shaped disk. This has the advantage that such a membrane 7 can be produced as a stamped / pressed part, whereas a membrane 7 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 can only be manufactured as a turned part, which is considerably more expensive.
  • the membrane 7 is preferably attached to a lateral plane of the pressure element 3, which extends transversely to the printing direction.
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b show various connections 16 of the membrane 7 to the pressure element 3.
  • the attachment 16 is realized by a V-weld
  • Fig. 7b by an I-weld.
  • a Fuzzi is also possible with appropriate design adjustments, not shown here.
  • V-weld The advantage of a V-weld is that an attachment of the pressure element 3 to the measuring element 4 even after the
  • Bias of the sensor element 5 can take place.
  • the advantage of an I-weld is that even with a small ra- Dialen offset between the diaphragm 7 and the pressure element 3 provides a good connection 16.
  • Through-welding can be achieved if the membrane 7 of FIG. 7 a has a web surrounding the pressure element 3 at its first end 9. A through-welding then connects the web to the pressure element 3.
  • the advantage of a through-welding is that the relative position between the pressure element 3 and the measuring element 4 only has to be determined during the through-welding.
  • the fixed connection 16 from the membrane 7 to the pressure element 3 is preferably a weld.
  • this connection 16 must be gas-tight, so that the housing interior 6 is sealed off from the combustion chamber 29.
  • this connection 16 is the only firm connection from the pressure element 3 to the pressure sensor 1, so that no further force path can falsify the measurement. Therefore, the connection must be strong, in particular cohesive, preferably a weld.
  • the Glühstromdraht 30 transmits no force and therefore is not suitable for mounting the pressure element. 3
  • the measuring element 4 has a projection 12 opposite the membrane support surface 8, both inwards and outwards. This ensures that the membrane 7 always rests completely on the measuring element 4, even if the measuring element 4 should move laterally relative to the membrane 7. If the supernatant 12 were not given, the membrane property would change due to the changed support 8 and thereby influence the measurement.
  • the diaphragm 7 has, between the diaphragm support surface 8 and the connection 19 to the housing 2, an area 11 which is elastic for pressure transmission.
  • the elastically effective region 11 of the membrane 7 is arranged at a distance from the measuring element 4, so that this region 11 always has the same length, regardless of a possible displacement between measuring element 4 and membrane 7.
  • this elastically effective region should Otherwise, there is also the danger that the effective length of the membrane depends on the exact positioning relative to this other component, which in turn causes a measurement error would.
  • Stainless steel has proved to be a suitable material for the membrane 7 because of its favorable properties for welding us to its corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Preference is given to using materials of the categories of martensite stainless steel, particle-hardening martensitic stainless steel and corrosion-resistant plastic mold steels, in particular the alloys according to DIN material number 1.4542, 1.4534, 1.4545, to the UNS standard UNS S17700, UNS S 15700 or Marvac 125 (from the company Vakuumschmelze GmbH & Co KG in Hanau, Germany).
  • the pressure element 3 is usually made of other materials than the membrane 7, because other requirements are placed on it. Nevertheless be able to enter into a material connection with the membrane 7, in particular in order to be able to be welded to this, the pressure element 3 must have metallic components at least in its rear region.
  • the connection between the membrane 7 and the housing 2 is preferably cohesive.
  • the components exposed to the pressure chamber 29, namely the pressure element 3, the membrane 7 and / or the front region of the housing 2, are treated with a surface coating which prevents or reduces soot deposits, corrosion and abrasion.
  • This surface coating may in particular be nanostructured and / or refined by nanoparticles.
  • the anti-stick coating E2C 408 has shown good results. Shutting the housing 2 in the front area to the pressure element 3 would mean that another force path would run from the pressure element to the housing and over the measuring element, which would again cause a measurement error. Therefore, the pressure element 3 may be attached except on the membrane to any other components.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un capteur de pression 1 pour des mesures dans une chambre 29 d’un moteur à combustion interne, en particulier une bougie de préchauffage à mesure de pression. Ce capteur de pression 1 comprend un logement 2, un élément de pression 3 pour l’enregistrement d’une pression ainsi qu’un élément de mesure 4 qui est disposé dans le logement 3 derrière l’élément de pression 3 dans le sens de pression et comprend un élément capteur 5, et une membrane 7. Cette membrane est reliée fixement à sa première extrémité 9 à l’élément de pression 3 et fixement à sa deuxième extrémité 10 directement ou indirectement au logement 2 au niveau d’une liaison 19, l’élément de pression 3 s’appuyant par l’intermédiaire de la membrane 7 sur l’élément de mesure 4.
EP09757026A 2008-06-04 2009-05-12 Capteur de pression pour des mesures dans une chambre d un moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP2283334A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8562008 2008-06-04
PCT/CH2009/000154 WO2009146565A1 (fr) 2008-06-04 2009-05-12 Capteur de pression pour des mesures dans une chambre d’un moteur à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2283334A1 true EP2283334A1 (fr) 2011-02-16

Family

ID=39739363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09757026A Withdrawn EP2283334A1 (fr) 2008-06-04 2009-05-12 Capteur de pression pour des mesures dans une chambre d un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8205490B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2283334A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2011522263A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009146565A1 (fr)

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DE102010038798A1 (de) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erfassung eines Brennraumdrucks
DE102011002596A1 (de) * 2011-01-12 2012-07-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennraumdrucksensor zur Erfassung eines Drucks in einem Brennraum einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine
US8893545B2 (en) * 2011-02-25 2014-11-25 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug with combustion pressure sensor
DE102011017667A1 (de) 2011-04-28 2012-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erfassung eines Drucks, insbesondere eines Brennraumdrucks einer Brennkraftmaschine
US8806925B2 (en) * 2011-11-23 2014-08-19 S3C, Inc. Mechanical packaging technique of attaching MEMS and flex circuit
DE102011087641A1 (de) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Druckmesseinrichtung mit Zusatzmembran
DE102012207856B4 (de) 2012-05-11 2021-12-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Membran für eine Druckmesseinrichtung
DE102012207861A1 (de) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Membranbaugruppe für eine Druckmesseinrichtung
JP5921957B2 (ja) * 2012-05-30 2016-05-24 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ付きグロープラグ及びその製造方法
DE102012209237A1 (de) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Druckmessglühkerze
JP5989410B2 (ja) * 2012-06-01 2016-09-07 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ付きグロープラグ及びその製造方法
JP6214932B2 (ja) * 2012-06-14 2017-10-18 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ付きグロープラグ
JP5947122B2 (ja) * 2012-06-27 2016-07-06 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
DE102012110142B4 (de) * 2012-10-24 2016-06-02 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Druckmessgerät
DE102013101177B4 (de) * 2013-02-06 2016-08-04 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Brennraumdruckmessgerät
JP6228790B2 (ja) * 2013-09-18 2017-11-08 アルプス電気株式会社 圧力検知装置およびこれを使用した吸気圧測定装置
DE102013219266A1 (de) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze mit integriertem Drucksensor
DE102013226775A1 (de) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Vega Grieshaber Kg Messzelle
CH709304A1 (de) 2014-02-25 2015-08-28 Kistler Holding Ag Glühkerzenadapter.
JP6511363B2 (ja) * 2014-08-27 2019-05-15 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ
JP6560562B2 (ja) * 2014-08-27 2019-08-14 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ
CH711008A1 (de) * 2015-04-30 2016-10-31 Kistler Holding Ag Kontaktkraft-Prüfvorrichtung, Verwendung einer solchen Kontaktkraft-Prüfvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Kontaktkraft-Prüfvorrichtung.
DE102019204550A1 (de) * 2019-04-01 2020-10-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Tankvorrichtung zur Speicherung von verdichteten Fluiden mit einer Sensorvorrichtung, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Sensorvorrichtung der Tankvorrichtung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110088460A1 (en) 2011-04-21
US8205490B2 (en) 2012-06-26
WO2009146565A1 (fr) 2009-12-10
JP2011522263A (ja) 2011-07-28

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