EP2282948B1 - Emballage et plateau formes de flancs imbriques - Google Patents

Emballage et plateau formes de flancs imbriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2282948B1
EP2282948B1 EP09747430A EP09747430A EP2282948B1 EP 2282948 B1 EP2282948 B1 EP 2282948B1 EP 09747430 A EP09747430 A EP 09747430A EP 09747430 A EP09747430 A EP 09747430A EP 2282948 B1 EP2282948 B1 EP 2282948B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tray
recesses
combination
side walls
side wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09747430A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2282948A1 (fr
Inventor
Allen S. Aldridge
Paul K. Bowers
Kerri Clark
Brian Hawthorne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intercontinental Great Brands LLC
Original Assignee
Cadbury Adams USA LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cadbury Adams USA LLC filed Critical Cadbury Adams USA LLC
Priority to PL09747430T priority Critical patent/PL2282948T3/pl
Publication of EP2282948A1 publication Critical patent/EP2282948A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2282948B1 publication Critical patent/EP2282948B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/20Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding-up portions connected to a central panel from all sides to form a container body, e.g. of tray-like form
    • B65D5/2038Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding-up portions connected to a central panel from all sides to form a container body, e.g. of tray-like form at least two opposed folded-up portions having a non-rectangular shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2301/00Details of blanks
    • B65D2301/10Blanks mutually positioned to minimise waste material upon cutting out the individual blank from a continuous or large sheet
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777Edge feature

Definitions

  • the present invention restates generality to a display tray for supporting a plurality of stacked consumable product packages. More particularly, the present invention relates to a packaging and display tray formed from a plurality of interlocked flat blanks.
  • Gum and other consumable products are typically packaged and sold in product packages containing a plurality of such products arranged in an array.
  • the individual product packages may be overwrapped with a wrap which provides environmental protection to the product contained therein.
  • a plurality of such packages may then be arranged in a stacked fashion in a tray or other housing for shipping.
  • the package itself may also serve as a display and dispensing tray at the point of sale.
  • Trays of this type typically include a bottom wall and an upstanding perimetrical wall formed in a rectangular configuration. The upper end of the tray is typically opened so that the user may reach into the tray and pick out individual product packages.
  • it is often difficult to reach deeply into the product package due to the upstanding side walls. The consumer's fingers must fit into the tray which is typically sized to closely accommodate the packages contained therein.
  • dispensing trays are folded from flat blanks cut from a continuous planar stock. Quite often, due to the particular shape of the tray, there is often waste material between adjacent trays. This increases the cost of manufacture of such trays.
  • the present invention provides a combination of a tray and of a plurality of comestible product packages according to claim 1.
  • the present invention provides a packaging and display tray for accommodating and dispensing a plurality of product packages.
  • the product packages contained in the tray are gum packages.
  • the present invention may be employed with any packaged comestible item. While the present invention is described for accommodating a plurality of product packages, it is understood that the tray may be used to accommodate a single product package.
  • Tray assembly 10 includes a display housing or tray 12 supporting product packages 14.
  • the product packages are preferably packages which support a plurality of comestible products such as gum sticks, slabs, pellets or the like which may be wrapped or unwrapped.
  • each individual package 14 may be wrapped with an environmental overwrap (not shown) to environmentally protect the products contained therein.
  • the tray 12 includes a planar bottom wall 20 which is opposed to an upper open end 22.
  • the tray 12 is generally rectangular in shape having a pair of opposed longitudinal side walls 24 and opposed transverse end walls 26. It may also be appreciated that other shapes and configurations of the tray may be employed where the dimensions of the side walls and end walls may be changed. Moreover, other geometric shapes are within the contemplation of the present invention.
  • the end walls 26 define a centrally positioned recessed location 28 which provides front and back access to the packages 14 contained therein and also allows viewing of any advertising or informational indicia contained on the package 14.
  • the tray 12 preferably with respect to one or more of the side walls 24, includes an undulated upper extent 30 defining alternating recesses 32 and wall portions 34 therebetween.
  • the recesses 32 which may include a rounded bottom 36, extend downwardly from the open upper end 22 a substantial portion of the height of side walls 24.
  • the wall portions 34 having a rounded upper ends 38, extend upwardly and define the boundary of the open upper end 22 of tray 12.
  • Figure 1 provides one illustrative embodiment, where each side wall 24 includes three recesses 32 and four extending wall portions 34.
  • the recesses and extending wall portions are shown to be uniform in Figure 1 , the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the undulating portion may define recesses and extending wall portions of different size and configuration along the length of the side wall.
  • the amplitude and frequency of the undulations need not be uniform along the length of the side wall.
  • the undulating portions of both side walls in Figure 1 are a mirror image of each other, this need not be the case.
  • the undulating portions on each side wall may differ.
  • the tray 12 is held together in a rectangular configuration by adhesively attaching flange portions 27 adjacent front and back walls 26 to the end wall portions 34 of side walls 24. Other securement techniques may also be employed.
  • each recess 32 of tray 12 provides manual access to the lateral portions 14a of packages 14.
  • the number of recesses 32 on at least one side wall 24 match the number of stacks of packages 14 where the recesses are positioned generally centrally located with respect to each stack of packages 14.
  • Such an arrangement allows a user to grasp one package with the thumb and forefinger placed within opposed recess 34 to easily grasp the stacked package.
  • each recess 32 has a width at a location next adjacent to a package contained therein which is less than the width of the package.
  • the width of the package is defined to be the extent extending along the undulating side wall of tray 12.
  • the width of the recesses is further defined to be a width between the upstanding portions at a depth of the adjacent package to be removed. In some embodiments, the depth of each recess 32 extends below the upper extent of the lower most stacked package. Such an arrangement also allows manual access to the lower most package while assuring that the packages do not fall out through the recesses.
  • the tray 12 is typically formed to closely conform to the stack packages contained therein, which in absence of the features of the present recesses 32 could make it difficult for the user to manually grasp one package from the tray.
  • the recesses 32 formed by the undulating side walls 24 allow the user to grasp the package from the exterior thereof.
  • the undulating pattern of side walls 24 not only provides for ease of manual access to the packages contained therein, but also provides manufacturing expediency in the formation of the tray 12.
  • Tray 12 is formed from a planar member 40 typically formed of corrugated paper or cardboard, which may be laminated or unlaminated, or a variety of other materials well known in the art.
  • the planar member 40 may be cut into a plurality of flat blanks 42 to form a plurality of trays 12. Each blank 42 is then used to form an individual tray 12. While four blanks 42 are shown cut from the planar member 40, it may be appreciated that any number of blanks 42 may be cut from an appropriately sized planar member 40. Furthermore, the blanks 42 may be cut continuously in succession.
  • Each blank 42 has the general shape shown in Figure 2 where the undulating side walls 24 extend outwardly in opposite directions. As previously mentioned, the actual shape and size of each undulation on the side walls 24 may be varied, but the blanks 42 are cut such that the wall portions 34 of each side wall are formed from the recesses 32 of a side wall of an adjacent blank 42. Thus, the wall portions 34 and the recesses 32 are interlocked.
  • the shape of the undulations in the side walls 24 may include, but are not limited to sine waves, square waves, saw waves, and triangular waves.
  • the size of the undulations may be uniform or irregular in size, provided that the wall portions 34 and the recesses 32 interlock. This significantly reduces waste material, as the material cut from the side wall 24 to form the recesses 32 is not waste material but is material forming the wall portion 34 of the adjacent blank 42.
  • the term “undulation” or “undulating” is understood to mean any configuration formed by extensions and recesses on the wall which has peaks and troughs of any configuration, uniform or non-uniform. Such configurations may include, but not be limited to waves, castillations, zig-zags, crests and valleys. The peaks and troughs may be of various configurations such as round, squares or plateau shaped. A combination of such shapes may be included along a single wall or more walls.
  • side-by-side adjacent blanks 42 are offset slightly so that the longitudinal end wall portion 34 of one blank 42 may be cut from the recesses 32 of the adjacent blank 42. Similar techniques are used to arrange the blank 42 with respect to the end walls 26 and the flange portions 27.
  • each blank 42 may be folded along fold lines 50 to form the tray 12 shown in Figure 1 . Thereafter, each individual tray 12 may be wrapped with an environmental overwrap (not shown) to additionally protect the contents of package 14.
  • FIGs 3-5 provide a further preferred embodiment of the tray of the present invention.
  • the tray 112 includes opposing undulating first and second side walls 123, 125. With reference to Figure 3 , the formation of the tray 112 may be described as a variation of the tray 12 described in Figures 112 .
  • the tray 112 is formed from a planar member 140 typically formed of corrugated paper or cardboard, which may be laminated or unlaminated, or a variety of other materials well known in the art.
  • the planar member 140 may be cut into a plurality of flat blanks 142 to form a plurality of trays 112.
  • Each blank 142 is used to form an individual tray 112. While two blanks 142 are shown cut from a planar member 140, it may be appreciated that any number of blanks 142 may be cut from an appropriately sized planar member. Furthermore, the blanks 142 may be cut continuously in succession.
  • Each blank 142 has the general shape shown in Figure 3 where the first and the second side walls 123, 125 extend outwardly in opposite directions.
  • the actual shape and size of each undulation on the side walls 24 may be varied, but the blanks 142 are cut such that the extending wall portions 134 of each side wall are formed from the recesses 132 of a side wall of an adjacent blank 142.
  • the extending wall portions 134 and the recesses 132 are interlocked.
  • the shape of the undulations in the side walls 123, 125 may include, but are not limited to round or sine waves, square waves, saw waves, and triangular waves.
  • the undulations may be uniform or irregular in size, so long as the wall portions 134 and the recesses 132 interlock. This significantly reduces waste material, as the material cut from the first side wall 123 may be used to form the recesses 132 of the second wall 125. Therefore, the material cut to form the extending wall portion 134 of the first side wall 123 is not waste material, but material forming the recesses 132 of the adjacent blank 142 and vice versa.
  • side-by-side adjacent blanks 142 may be configured to be longitudinally aligned so that the longitudinal end wall portion 134 of one blank 142 may be cut from the recess 132 of the adjacent blank 142. Similar techniques are used to arrange the blank 142 with respect to the end walls 126 and the flange portions 127.
  • the side walls 24 of the tray of Figures 1 -2 are configured so that there is the same arrangement and number of recesses 32 (three) and extending wall portions 34 (four).
  • the side walls 123, 125 are configured so that there is a different arrangement and number of recesses 132 and extending wall portions 134.
  • one side wall 123 includes three recesses 132 (C, D, E) and two extending wall portions 134 (A, B), while the other side wall 125 includes two recesses 132 (A, B) and three extending wall portions 134 (C, D, E).
  • the recesses of one of the side walls are aligned longitudinally with the extending portions of the other side wall and visa versa. The benefit of such an arrangement may be more fully described herein below.
  • each blank 142 has two opposing end walls 126.
  • Two separate blanks 142 may be folded separately then placed on top of one another to create the cover tray 112 and the bottom tray 112, as shown in Figures 4-5 .
  • the arrangement of Figure 3 furthers the reduction of scrap material generated by the blank 142 formation, as compared to the blank 42 of Figure 2 , as a result of the alignment of the blanks 142. Therefore, the blanks 142 of Figure 3 may further reduce the cost of manufacturing the tray 112.
  • Figure 4 shows a partial view of two blanks 142 after being cut and separated.
  • Figure 4 shows the tray 112 with the first side wall 123 with two extending wall portions 134 (A, B) and three recess portions 132 (C, D, E) and the second side wall 125, on the opposite side of the tray, with three extending wall portions 134 (C, D, E) and two recess portions 132 (A, B).
  • Figure 4 further illustrates how the embodiment may allow the adjacent blank 142 configuration to be longitudinally aligned instead of being longitudinally offset as illustrated in Figure 2 . As noted, this arrangement further reduces the scrap material generated by the blank 142 formation.
  • the interlocked arrangement of the side walls 123, 125 also provide a further beneficial feature, shown in Figure 5 .
  • Two identically folded trays 112 may serve as the base or bottom tray 112 and an interlocked top cover or top tray 112'.
  • the blanks 142 are cut from the planar member 140 in a manner shown in Figure 3 , the cut blanks 142 may be folded along fold lines 150 to form the trays 112.
  • One blank 142 may serve as a bottom tray 112, while the other blank 142' may be inverted and serve as a cover tray 112'.
  • the trays 112 and 112' may be arranged such that the side wall, 125' of the cover tray 112' is aligned with side wall 123 of bottom tray 112.
  • the opposite side walls are similarly disposed. This arrangement allows the undulated side walls to be interlocked or nested within the opposing undulated first and second side walls 123', 125, 123,125'.
  • the design of the present embodiment of the invention allows for the manufacture of one blank 142 to be used as both a bottom tray 112 and a cover tray 112'.
  • the present invention allows for the product to be displayed, packaged, and shipped using the one tray 112 provided in Figures 3-5 herein.
  • Figure 6 provides an example of a blank 242 similar to the blank 142 of Figure 3 , except each blank 242 forms two trays 112, 112', with each tray 112, 112' having one separate end wall 126 and a common end wall 144.
  • the blanks 242 are configured to allow one-half of the blank 242 to be folded to create a cover tray 112' and the other half of the blank 242 to be folded to create a bottom tray 112.
  • Figure 7 shoves a blank 342 with square undulations.
  • Figure 8 shows a blank 442 with plateaus on the edge of the undulations.
  • Figure 9 shows a blank 547 with a zig-zag pattern of undulations along the side walls.
  • Figure 10 shows a blank 647 having side walls with a non-uniform pattern of undulations therealong.
  • Figure 11 shows a blank 747 having only one side wall including undulations therealong. The opposed side wall has no undulations.
  • the undulations of the side wall of Figure 11 may be of any configuration, both uniform and non-uniform.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Stackable Containers (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Association, comprenant un plateau (12) et une pluralité d'emballages de produits alimentaires (14), ladite association comprenant :
    un logement de plateau qui reçoit ladite pluralité d'emballages de produits alimentaires, ledit plateau présentant une paroi inférieure (20), des parois avant et arrière (26) opposées et des parois latérales (24) opposées qui s'étendent vers le haut à partir de ladite paroi inférieure et qui définissent une extrémité supérieure ouverte (22) ;
    dans laquelle l'une au moins desdites parois avant, arrière opposées, ou desdites parois latérales comprend une étendue supérieure onduleuse (30) définie par des évidements d'ouverture vers le haut espacés (32) ;
    caractérisée en ce que les emballages de produits (14) sont agencés en piles dans le plateau (12) et dans laquelle au moins une pile d'emballages de produits est alignée adjacente à un évidement (32), ledit évidement présentant une partie ouverte qui s'étend sous une étendue supérieure de l'emballage de produits le plus élevé dans la pile de façon à permettre une saisie manuelle des emballages individuels dans la pile à travers ladite au moins une desdites parois avant et arrière opposées et lesdites parois latérales et dans laquelle l'évidement (32) présente une largeur qui est inférieure à la largeur desdits emballages de produits (14) dans la pile.
  2. Association selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdites parois latérales comprennent ladite étendue supérieure onduleuse (30) et lesdits évidements (32).
  3. Association selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle le nombre d'évidements (32) sur une première paroi latérale est identique au nombre d'évidements sur une seconde paroi latérale.
  4. Association selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle le nombre d'évidements (32) sur une première paroi latérale est différent du nombre d'évidements sur une seconde paroi latérale.
  5. Association selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle lesdits évidements (32) de ladite première paroi latérale s'opposent directement auxdites parties de paroi qui s'étendent vers le haut de ladite seconde paroi latérale.
  6. Association selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le plateau est un premier plateau (112), les parois latérales opposées du premier plateau (112) comprenant l'étendue supérieure onduleuse qui définit en alternance des extensions et des évidements, l'association comprenant également :
    un second plateau (112') configuré de façon à être un plateau formant couvercle ;
    ledit second plateau (112') comprenant une paroi inférieure, des parois avant et arrière opposées, et des parois latérales opposées qui s'étendent vers le haut à partir de ladite paroi inférieure et qui définissent une extrémité ouverte supérieure, lesdites parois latérales opposées comprenant en outre une configuration onduleuse qui définit en alternance des extensions et des évidements sur lesdites parois latérales opposées ;
    dans laquelle ledit second plateau (112') est configuré de façon à s'ajuster par-dessus ledit premier plateau (112), lesdites extensions dudit premier plateau étant alignées avec lesdits évidements dudit second plateau, et étant imbriquées dans ceux-ci, et lesdits évidements dudit premier plateau étant alignés avec lesdites extensions dudit second plateau, et étant imbriqués dans celles-ci.
  7. Association selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit motif onduleux est uniforme le long de l'une au moins desdites parois avant, arrière opposées, ou desdites parois latérales.
  8. Association selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle ledit motif onduleux de chaque paroi latérale est tel que les évidements d'une paroi latérale sont alignés de manière longitudinale avec les évidements de l'autre paroi latérale.
  9. Association selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit plateau est formé à partir d'une découpe plate.
  10. Association selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle lesdits premier et second plateaux sont formés à partir de découpes plates imbriquées de manière adjacente, dans laquelle les parties de paroi de l'un desdits plateaux sont formées à partir des évidements de l'autre desdits plateaux.
  11. Association selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle chacune desdites parties de paroi de chacune desdites découpes des premier et second plateaux présente le même nombre d'évidements et de parties qui s'étendent le long et dans laquelle lesdites découpes adjacentes des premier et second plateaux sont échelonnées de manière longitudinale.
  12. Association selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle chacune desdites parois latérales de chacune desdites découpes des premier et second plateaux présente un nombre différent d'évidements et de parties qui s'étendent le long et dans laquelle lesdites découpes adjacentes des premier et second plateaux sont alignées de manière longitudinale.
  13. Association selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit évidement présente une partie ouverte qui s'étend sous une étendue supérieure de l'emballage de produits le plus bas dans la pile.
  14. Association selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle au moins une paroi latérale comprend ladite étendue supérieure onduleuse définie par des évidements d'ouverture vers le haut espacés et dans laquelle le nombre d'évidements dans ladite au moins une paroi latérale correspond au nombre de piles d'emballages placées de manière adjacente à ladite paroi latérale et dans laquelle les évidements sont positionnés en général de manière centrale par rapport à leurs piles respectives.
EP09747430A 2008-05-14 2009-05-13 Emballage et plateau formes de flancs imbriques Not-in-force EP2282948B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09747430T PL2282948T3 (pl) 2008-05-14 2009-05-13 Opakowanie oraz taca ekspozycyjna wykonana z wykrojów wzajemnie ze sobą zazębiających się

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5307008P 2008-05-14 2008-05-14
US11680508P 2008-11-21 2008-11-21
PCT/US2009/043729 WO2009140346A1 (fr) 2008-05-14 2009-05-13 Emballage et plateau formés de flancs imbriqués

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2282948A1 EP2282948A1 (fr) 2011-02-16
EP2282948B1 true EP2282948B1 (fr) 2012-01-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09747430A Not-in-force EP2282948B1 (fr) 2008-05-14 2009-05-13 Emballage et plateau formes de flancs imbriques

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20090283581A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2282948B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2011520715A (fr)
CN (1) CN102026882B (fr)
AT (1) ATE539971T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2009246428B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2723755C (fr)
ES (1) ES2378445T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010012493A (fr)
PL (1) PL2282948T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009140346A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200903291B (fr)

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WO2006084923A1 (fr) * 2005-02-08 2006-08-17 Kappa Iberoamericana, S.A. Ameliorations apportees a des boites en carton pour produits perissables et analogues
GB2437514A (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-10-31 Sca Packaging Ltd Display tray for supporting sachets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX2010012493A (es) 2010-12-17
AU2009246428A1 (en) 2009-11-19
US20090283581A1 (en) 2009-11-19
WO2009140346A1 (fr) 2009-11-19
ATE539971T1 (de) 2012-01-15
PL2282948T3 (pl) 2012-10-31
CN102026882B (zh) 2014-01-15
EP2282948A1 (fr) 2011-02-16
JP2014101150A (ja) 2014-06-05
ZA200903291B (en) 2009-12-30
CN102026882A (zh) 2011-04-20
AU2009246428B2 (en) 2012-08-23
CA2723755A1 (fr) 2009-11-19
CA2723755C (fr) 2013-12-31
ES2378445T3 (es) 2012-04-12
JP2011520715A (ja) 2011-07-21

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