EP2260475B1 - Distributeur automatique - Google Patents

Distributeur automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2260475B1
EP2260475B1 EP08872865A EP08872865A EP2260475B1 EP 2260475 B1 EP2260475 B1 EP 2260475B1 EP 08872865 A EP08872865 A EP 08872865A EP 08872865 A EP08872865 A EP 08872865A EP 2260475 B1 EP2260475 B1 EP 2260475B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
geared motor
dispenser according
dispenser
magnet
sensor
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP08872865A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2260475A1 (fr
Inventor
Adriano Marin
Andrea Benetello
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Cross Technology Srl
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Cross Technology Srl
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F11/00—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles
    • G07F11/02—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines
    • G07F11/38—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which the magazines are horizontal
    • G07F11/42—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which the magazines are horizontal the articles being delivered by motor-driven means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a automatic dispenser.
  • a typical application of the present invention is the field of articles automatic dispensers that are commonly called “vending machines” are used for dispensing, upon payment, various types of products, in particular foods and beverages.
  • the present description will refer in particular to the field of articles dispensers, even though the present invention is not limited to such an application.
  • Articles automatic dispensers equipped with an articles ejection assembly are currently available on the market; said assembly comprises at least a "geared motor” (i.e. a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism), a metal spiral fitted to the output shaft of the geared motor, a cylindrical element fitted to the output shaft of the geared motor, and a microswitch arranged close to the cylindrical element.
  • a geared motor i.e. a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism
  • a metal spiral fitted to the output shaft of the geared motor i.e. a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism
  • a cylindrical element fitted to the output shaft of the geared motor
  • a microswitch arranged close to the cylindrical element.
  • the articles to be dispensed are inserted between the coils of the metal spiral and generally consist of bottles or packaged snacks; as the spiral makes one full revolution, all products advance axially by a distance corresponding to the spiral pitch, and the article which arrives at the free end of the spiral thus becomes ready to be dispensed, for example, by letting it fall by gravity into a collection cavity.
  • FIG.1 An ejection device like the one described above is shown schematically in Fig.1 , wherein 1 is the geared motor (10 being the external housing thereof), 11 is the output shaft thereof having an axis of rotation 11A, 2 is the spiral, 3 is the cylindrical element, and 4 is the microswitch (40 being the external housing thereof); the cylindrical element 3 and the microswitch 4 are shown in more detail in Fig.2 and Fig.3 in two different reciprocal positions.
  • the cylindrical element 3 has a radial recess 31; the microswitch 4 is arranged close to the cylindrical element 3 in a manner such that, when the shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 is rotating, the actuator 41 of the microswitch 4 is pressed and released cyclically by the cylindrical element 3; the microswitch 4 is held pressed ( Fig.3 ) for almost one full revolution and is then released ( Fig.2 ) for a short time; by detecting the opening and closing actions of the microswitch 4 it is possible to control the geared motor 1 and obtain the delivery of one article at a time.
  • a first drawback of such a solution is that the microswitch may bounce back to some extent when abruptly pressed and released, thus causing wrong detections of the rotation of the geared motor and therefore of the advance of the articles, hence leading to article delivery problems.
  • a second drawback of such a solution is that the ejection assembly sometimes gets stalled or braked due to an anomalous positioning of the articles to be delivered; such anomalous positioning may occur when the articles are being loaded into the dispenser or, more often, during the operation of the dispenser, in particular during the actuation of the ejection assembly; this causes article delivery problems as well as damage to the electric motor of the geared motor, which is stalled or braked just when power is being supplied to it - this anomalous condition of the electric motor may cause even worse material and personal damage.
  • Document US 5256921 A discloses a gear motor having an output shaft for driving the dispensing mechanism of a vending machine that includes a plurality of magnetically operated switches positioned adjacent one end of the output shaft and a plurality of magnets attached to that end of the output shaft.
  • a DC electric motor is energized by a computer to rotate the output shaft in a first direction until one of the magnetic switches is actuated by a magnet, which instructs the computer to reverse the polarity of power to the DC motor, reversing the direction of the motor and the output shaft.
  • the output shaft is returned to its standby position, one or more of the switches are again actuated which instructs the computer to terminate power to the DC motor.
  • An enclosure surrounds the switches and magnets and protects them from the ambient.
  • Document JP 7249159 A discloses a solution for improving the reliability of an automatic vending machine by allowing a control part to recover to sales standby by abnormality self-restoring operation when an overcurrent detector detects overcurrent and to execute a sales stoppage processing when the overcurrent detector detects overcurrent while abnormality self-restoring operation, so as not to recover to sales standby.
  • the present invention is based on the innovative concept of detecting the mechanic operation of the ejection device through a magnetic sensor and the electric operation of the ejection device through an overcurrent protection device.
  • the present invention advantageously employs at least one magnet (preferably two or three magnets) mechanically associated with the output shaft of the geared motor, and a Hall effect sensor as well as a PPTC [Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient, i.e. a particular type of PTC] connected electrically upstream of the geared motor.
  • a magnet preferably two or three magnets
  • PPTC Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient, i.e. a particular type of PTC
  • a different type of magnetic proximity sensor may be used: for instance, a Reed contact sensor or an inductive sensor.
  • a different type of overcurrent protection device may be used: for example, a fuse (electric fuse, thermal fuse, ...) or a magnetic switch (magnetothermal switch, relay, ...) or a thermal switch (with a bimetallic foil) or a traditional PTC.
  • the detection of the movement of the ejection device becomes simple, accurate and reliable; it follows that the automatic dispenser can determine accurately and reliably if an article, for example, has been delivered correctly in a manner substantially independent of the weight and size of the article itself, while preparing itself accurately and reliably for the next delivery operation as well.
  • the automatic dispenser can determine if the electric motor of the geared motor of the ejection assembly is operating in proper conditions, and therefore if delivery can continue regularly.
  • a first important advantage offered by the present invention is that it does not require the presence of long, complex and awkward wirings inside the vending machine.
  • a second important advantage offered by the present invention is that, should anomalous electric conditions arise, the operation of the ejection device will be automatically stopped electrically; also, when a PPTC (which is a resettable device) is used, the operation of the ejection device can be restored simply by switching off and on the power to the ejection assembly (in particular to the geared motor) without having to replace any component.
  • a PPTC which is a resettable device
  • a third important advantage offered by the present invention is that the overcurrent protection device provides protection against anomalous electric conditions due not only to the electric motor of the geared motor getting stalled or braked, but also to any anomalous absorption of electric current (e.g. short circuits).
  • the present invention applies to articles dispensers, in particular for foods and/or beverages, as well as to doses dispensers, in particular for powder material (e.g. powder coffee) or granulated material (e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets).
  • powder material e.g. powder coffee
  • granulated material e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets
  • the automatic dispenser according to the present invention is equipped with an ejection assembly; said assembly comprises at least:
  • the detection of the movement of the ejection device is simple, accurate and reliable; it follows that the automatic dispenser can determine accurately and reliably if an article has been delivered correctly in a manner substantially independent of the weight and size of the article itself, while preparing itself accurately and reliably for the next delivery operation as well.
  • An important advantage offered by the present invention is that it does not require the presence of long, complex and awkward wirings inside the vending machine.
  • the automatic dispenser can determine if the electric motor of the geared motor of the ejection assembly is operating in proper conditions, and therefore if delivery can continue regularly.
  • An important advantage offered by the present invention is that, should anomalous electric conditions arise, the operation of the ejection device will be automatically stopped electrically; also, another important advantage of the present invention is that the overcurrent protection device provides protection against anomalous electric conditions due not only to the electric motor of the geared motor getting stalled or braked, but also to any anomalous absorption of electric current (e.g. short circuits).
  • the overcurrent protection device is preferably a PPTC; as a matter of fact, said component increases very much its resistance quickly when a current above a predetermined threshold flows through it, and then such high resistance is maintained until power is cut off; the thermal inertia of the PPTC is sufficient to prevent any short current peaks from cutting off the power supply to the geared motor, in the absence of any dangerous conditions.
  • the ejection device is a metal spiral 2 fitted to the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 through a flange 6.
  • the magnetic sensor 5 is connected electrically to an electronic control unit 7 adapted to, among other things, control the rotation of the geared motor 1 and cause the articles to be delivered.
  • the magnetic sensor 5 comprises a small electronic board 50 and a Hall effect sensor 51 fitted to the board 50 (as can be seen only in Fig.4, Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7 ); the sensor 51 has a detection region 51 A within which the sensor 51 can detect a magnetic field.
  • two magnets 32 and 33 are associated with the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 (as can be seen only in Fig.4, Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7 ); the magnets 32 and 33 are arranged in a manner such as to pass through the detection region 51 A of the sensor 51 when the geared motor 1 is rotating.
  • Fig.4 no magnet is within the detection region 51A of the sensor 51; in Fig.5 the magnet 32 is within the detection region 51A of the sensor 51; in Fig.6 no magnet is within the detection region 51A of the sensor 51; in Fig.7 the magnet 33 is within the detection region 51A of the sensor 51.
  • the two magnets 32 and 33 are located at such a distance as to form an angle between 30° and 90° with the axis 11A of the shaft 11 (as can be seen only in Fig.4, Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7 ); in particular, said angle is approximately 45°.
  • the geared motor 1 is adapted to rotate in both directions and to reverse its direction of rotation; as a consequence, this also applies to the shaft 11 and to the device 2; it should be noted that the direction of rotation associated with the normal operation of the ejection assembly is indicated in Fig.4, Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7 .
  • the reversal of the direction of rotation lasts for a short time and can be controlled by using the two magnets 32 and 33; in fact, between two successive detections of the magnet 32 or magnet 33 by the sensor 51 the shaft 11 and the device 2 make one revolution, whereas between the detection of the magnet 32 and the detection of the magnet 33 the shaft 11 and the device 2 make only a small portion of a revolution, in particular about one eighth of a revolution.
  • the article ejection assembly may operate as follows.
  • the dispenser receives a request for an article by a user and causes the articles ejection device 2 to make one full revolution by means of the geared motor 1; the rotation of the geared motor 1 takes place in the time interval between two successive detections of the magnet 32; if the dispenser realizes that the article has not been delivered, it will reverse the direction of rotation of the geared motor 1 for a time interval between the detection of the magnet 32 and the detection of the magnet 33, and then it will reverse the direction of rotation of the geared motor 1 again for a time interval between the detection of the magnet 33 and the detection of the magnet 32; such a sequence of two consecutive reversals may even be repeated several times; it may also be provided that, if the article is still not delivered after three repetitions, for example, the dispenser will generate a visual and/or audible error signal.
  • the dispenser can be made to operate as described above under the control of the electronic control unit 7, in particular thanks to a program of a microcontroller internal to the unit 7.
  • a third magnet associated with the output shaft 1 of the geared motor 1 may additionally be employed, arranged in such a position as to pass through the detection region 51A when the geared motor 1 is rotating; in this case, the third magnet is located at such a distance from one of said two magnets 32 and 33 as to form an angle of approximately 180° with the axis 11A of said shaft 11; thus the unit 7 can detect half-turn rotations of the shaft 11 and of the device 2.
  • a cylindrical element 3 which may alternatively be a prismatic one, fitted either directly or indirectly to the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1; the magnets 32 and 33 are secured onto or within said element 3; this fixing may be realized through only or also the use of glue.
  • the present invention is also applicable to doses dispensers, in particular for powder material (e.g. powder coffee) or granulated material (e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets).
  • powder material e.g. powder coffee
  • granulated material e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets
  • a doses ejection assembly suitable for this application may be, for example, similar to the one shown in Fig.1 , provided that the spiral is replaced with a screw; the (rotary) screw is used for creating and ejecting the doses.
  • jamming problems e.g. jammed pellets or coffee grains
  • problems of incorrect or irregular dose ejection e.g. due to powder of the material to be delivered getting compacted/cemented in the screw.
  • FIG.8 shows the geared motor 1 and an electric drive circuitry 71 connected electrically to each other by means of at least two electric conductors C1 and C2; the geared motor thus receives the electric power it needs to operate from the circuitry 71 through the conductors C1 and C2.
  • the circuitry 71 is arranged at a first end E1 of the conductors C1 and C2, and belongs to the electronic control unit 7.
  • the geared motor 1 (which comprises a direct current electric motor) is arranged at a second end E2 of the conductors C1 and C2, together with the magnetic sensor 51 (which is a Hall effect sensor) and an overcurrent protection device 8 (which is a PPTC); the output signal of the sensor 51 then arrives at the unit 7 (this is not shown in Fig.8 ).
  • the circuitry 9 for supplying power to the geared motor 1 and to the sensor 51;
  • the circuitry 9 comprises a sub-circuitry 91 for supplying power to the geared motor 1 and a sub-circuitry 92 for supplying power to the sensor 51;
  • the sub-circuitry 91 may comprise, for example, a diode (connected along the conductor C1) or a diode bridge, and possibly a capacitor (connected across the conductors C1 and C2);
  • the sub-circuitry 92 may comprise, for example, a series connection of a resistor and a Zener diode whose intermediate tap is used for supplying power to the sensor 51.
  • the device 8 is placed first across the conductors C1 and C2, followed by the circuitry 9 and the geared motor 1.
  • the operation of the PPTC is detected by the dispenser (e.g. by its electronic control unit) and that the dispenser itself generates a visual and/or audible error signal.
  • the geared motor 1 is a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism; according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the geared motor comprises a direct current electric motor, which is small and inexpensive; as an alternative to the direct current motor (but less advantageously), a synchronous motor, an asynchronous motor or a brushless motor may be used instead.
  • the component combination of the example shown in Fig.8 (PPTC, Hall effect sensor, direct current electric motor) and the spatial grouping of said components (forming a single electromechanical component) represents an optimal solution especially for (without being limited to) applications in the field of vending machines; in fact, this is a functionally complete, effective and low-cost solution.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Distributeur automatique équipé d'un ensemble d'éjection, où ledit ensemble d'éjection comprend au moins:
    - un moteur à engrenage (1),
    - un circuit d'entraînement électrique (71) pour entraîner ledit moteur à engrenage (1),
    - un dispositif d'éjection (2) ajusté à l'arbre de sortie (11) dudit moteur à engrenage (1),
    - des moyens de détection (3,5) aptes à détecter le déplacement dudit dispositif d'éjection (2), où lesdits moyens de détection (3,5) comprennent:
    - au moins un aimant (32, 33) associé à l'arbre de sortie (11) dudit moteur à engrenage (1),
    - au moins un capteur magnétique (5) positionné de manière à détecter lorsque ledit au moins un aimant (32, 33) passe à travers une région prédéterminée (51A);
    caractérisé en ce que ledit ensemble d'éjection comprend additionnellement:
    un dispositif de protection contre une surintensité (8) connecté électriquement en amont dudit moteur à engrenage (1),
    au moins deux conducteurs électriques (C1, C2) connectés audit circuit d'entraînement électrique (71) à une première extrémité (E1) et audit moteur à engrenage (1) à une seconde extrémité (E2); où ledit capteur magnétique (51) et ledit dispositif de protection contre une surintensité (8) sont agencés à ladite seconde extrémité (E2) et sont connectés auxdits au moins deux conducteurs électriques (C1, C2).
  2. Distributeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en comprenant deux aimants (32, 33) associés à l'arbre de sortie (11) dudit moteur à engrenage (1), lesdits aimants (32, 33) étant positionnés de manière à passer à travers ladite région prédéterminée (51A) lorsque ledit moteur à engrenage (1) tourne.
  3. Distributeur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel lesdits deux aimants (32, 33) se situent à une distance suffisante pour former un angle entre 30° et 90° avec l'axe (11A) dudit arbre (11).
  4. Distributeur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en comprenant un troisième aimant associé à l'arbre de sortie dudit moteur à engrenage, ledit troisième aimant étant positionné de manière à passer à travers ladite région prédéterminée lorsque ledit moteur à engrenage tourne, et où ledit troisième aimant se situe à une distance suffisante d'un desdits deux aimants (32, 33) pour former un angle d'approximativement 180° avec l'axe (11A) dudit arbre (11).
  5. Distributeur selon la revendication 2 ou 3 ou 4, où ledit moteur à engrenage (1) est apte à tourner dans les deux directions et à inverser sa direction de rotation.
  6. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ledit capteur magnétique est un capteur de proximité magnétique et comprend un capteur à effet Hall ou un capteur de contact Reed ou un capteur inductif.
  7. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ledit dispositif de protection contre une surintensité comprend un fusible ou un commutateur magnétique ou un commutateur thermique ou un PTC.
  8. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ledit dispositif de protection contre une surintensité est un dispositif pouvant être remis à l'état initial.
  9. Distributeur selon les revendications 6 et 8, où ledit capteur magnétique comprend un capteur à effet Hall, et ledit dispositif de protection contre une surintensité comprend un PPTC.
  10. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ledit moteur à engrenage (1) comprend un moteur électrique à courant continu.
  11. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en comprenant un circuit d'alimentation (9) agencé à ladite seconde extrémité (E2) pour fournir la puissance audit moteur à engrenage (1) et/ou audit capteur magnétique (51), et où ledit dispositif de protection contre une surintensité (8) est connecté électriquement en amont dudit circuit d'alimentation (9).
  12. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en comprenant un élément cylindrique ou prismatique (3) ajusté à l'arbre de sortie (11) dudit moteur à engrenage (1), où ledit au moins un aimant (32, 33) est fixé sur ou dans ledit élément cylindrique ou prismatique (3).
  13. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où ledit dispositif d'éjection (2) est soit une spirale soit une vis.
  14. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 13, caractérisé en étant un distributeur d'articles, en particulier un distributeur apte à distribuer des aliments et/ou boissons.
  15. Distributeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 13, caractérisé en étant un distributeur de doses, en particulier un distributeur apte à distribuer un matériau en poudre ou granulé.
EP08872865A 2008-02-25 2008-12-22 Distributeur automatique Active EP2260475B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000073U ITMI20080073U1 (it) 2008-02-25 2008-02-25 Distributore automatico
PCT/IB2008/003571 WO2009106925A1 (fr) 2008-02-25 2008-12-22 Distributeur automatique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2260475A1 EP2260475A1 (fr) 2010-12-15
EP2260475B1 true EP2260475B1 (fr) 2012-10-31

Family

ID=40292221

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08872865A Active EP2260475B1 (fr) 2008-02-25 2008-12-22 Distributeur automatique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20110024441A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2260475B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN201413545Y (fr)
DE (1) DE202009002566U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES1070335Y (fr)
FR (1) FR2927787B3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20080073U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009106925A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8397948B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2013-03-19 Brookstone Purchasing, Inc. Dispensing device for edible goods and/or novelties
WO2012094423A1 (fr) 2011-01-04 2012-07-12 Fawn Engineering Corporation Machine de distribution automatique avec livraison par élévateur d'un produit distribué à un accès client
ITMI20130286U1 (it) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-08 Ode S R L Sistema di espulsione per distributori automatici
DE102013020583A1 (de) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 Hirschmann Automation And Control Gmbh Sensorelement mit einem Überspannungsschutz
US9870671B1 (en) 2014-04-07 2018-01-16 Fawn Engineering Corporation Mechanical lift for delivery bins in vending machines
US9761078B1 (en) * 2016-06-01 2017-09-12 David Alan Schuck Vending machine remote sensing of contents apparatus
US10368814B2 (en) * 2016-12-30 2019-08-06 Carestream Dental Technology Topco Limited Method for cephalometric analysis
US20190122479A1 (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Nidec Motor Corporation Drive system for vending machine
GB201721065D0 (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-01-31 Ondosis Ab Delivery device for drug pellets
IT201800007343A1 (it) * 2018-07-19 2018-10-19 Motoriduttore per un distributore automatico.

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US4785242A (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-11-15 Sundstrand Corporation Position detecting apparatus using multiple magnetic sensors for determining relative and absolute angular position
JP2750440B2 (ja) * 1989-02-13 1998-05-13 株式会社芝浦製作所 自動販売機の商品搬送機構保護装置
US5256921A (en) * 1992-06-03 1993-10-26 Harry Pruis Gear motor with rotary switch
JPH07249159A (ja) * 1994-03-11 1995-09-26 Kubota Corp 自動販売機の販売制御装置
US6573670B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-06-03 Merkle-Korff Industries, Inc. Gearmotor with feedback control apparatus and method
US7401710B2 (en) * 2002-10-04 2008-07-22 Dixie-Narco, Inc. Vending machine dispensing system
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US7597214B2 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-10-06 Coin Acceptors, Inc. Product dispenser for a vending machine
US20070235468A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Robert Liva Programmable helical coil dispensing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110024441A1 (en) 2011-02-03
CN201413545Y (zh) 2010-02-24
DE202009002566U1 (de) 2009-05-28
ES1070335Y (es) 2009-11-02
ITMI20080073U1 (it) 2009-08-26
WO2009106925A1 (fr) 2009-09-03
EP2260475A1 (fr) 2010-12-15
FR2927787A3 (fr) 2009-08-28
FR2927787B3 (fr) 2010-03-19
ES1070335U (es) 2009-07-24

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