Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
  • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
  • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
  • G02B6/4219—Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
  • G02B6/4236—Fixing or mounting methods of the aligned elements
  • G02B6/4239—Adhesive bonding; Encapsulation with polymer material
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
  • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
  • G02B6/3628—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers
  • G02B6/3632—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the mechanical coupling means
  • G02B6/3636—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the mechanical coupling means the mechanical coupling means being grooves
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
  • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
  • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
  • G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
  • G02B6/4203—Optical features
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
  • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
  • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
  • G02B6/4219—Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
  • G02B6/4228—Passive alignment, i.e. without a detection of the degree of coupling or the position of the elements
  • G02B6/423—Passive alignment, i.e. without a detection of the degree of coupling or the position of the elements using guiding surfaces for the alignment

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a light transmission arrangement according to the
• the coupling of light, which is emitted by an opto-electrical semiconductor component, for example a laser diode, into an optical fiber generally takes place via a light transmission surface as a coupling surface, which is arranged, for example, at a first end of the optical fiber.
• the light transmission surface must be positioned relative to an optical reference object, for example a lens that focuses the light beam.
• the coupling-in surface must also be fixed relative to the reference object in this position.
• Four degrees of freedom of movement of the coupling surface with respect to the reference object play a major role in positioning: three translational and one rotational.
• the latter is of particular importance when the fiber has a non-rotationally symmetric geometry to improve its optical properties and / or coupling efficiency.
• the light transmission surface of a fiber end surface may have a wedge-shaped or hyperbolic shape in order to couple in particular in an axial direction of highly divergent beams of light rays to facilitate.
• fibers - at least in the coupling region - have a rectangular core, which is adapted to the rectangular cross-section of a beam.
• polarization-maintaining fibers have non-rotationally symmetric cross-sectional profiles of the refractive index ellipsoid.
• the technical challenge in positioning the light transmission surface of an optical fiber with respect to a reference object is the execution of highly accurate and highly accurately controlled relative movements in the x-, y- and z-direction and optionally in the ⁇ -direction, with the elimination of all degrees of freedom in the optimal relative position both objects through their
• Positioning and fixing methods complement each other optimally if they have a long-term stable high
• US Pat. No. 6,690,865 B2 proposes determining the optimum relative position of light transmission surface (fiber end surface) and reference object (laser diode) by means of two separate movement patterns - a first in the xy plane and a second in the z axis.
• Faserendabites is positioned with the light transmission surface (coupling surface) alone with respect to the laser diode. For this reason, it is proposed in some writings, using an auxiliary element the
• auxiliary elements include support pads (US 4,955,683, US 5,469,456), V-trenches (US
• the object of the invention is to describe an auxiliary element for positioning the light transmission surface of an optical fiber with respect to a reference object - for example a laser diode - which allows a change in position of the light transmission surface in and / or around the Faserachsplatz without play in the transverse direction. It is another object of the invention to enable a simple and inexpensive production of the auxiliary element.
• the object is achieved by a method for producing a light transmission arrangement according to claim 1 and a light transmission arrangement according to claim 20.
• a guide section of the optical fiber is arranged in the radially positive-locking guide of a recess of an auxiliary element designated as a holding element, wherein the recess has been produced by molding an outer contour section of the optical fiber.
• a provided for guiding the fiber recess, which was not molded on the fiber to be positioned, will always have a positive cross-sectional tolerance to each fiber of a lot of several, in principle identical, fibers of manufacturing slightly different cross-sectional dimensions at least partially into or through the recess to be able to thread.
• a transverse clearance of the fiber section located in the recess of the retaining element can be expected. This is the case with all prior art ferrules that have not been made individually adapted to each fiber.
• a individually adapted to each fiber retaining element is made by the impression of the recess provided for guiding in the holding element on each fiber itself, wherein at least partially a radial positive engagement between the recess and fiber can be ensured due to manufacturing reasons.
• the radially positive-locking guide in the holding elements ensures an extremely low-backlash, substantially backlash-free, storage of the guide portion, wherein a change in the position of the light transmission surface in Faserachsplatz and / or around the fiber axis substantially without a transverse movement can take place when the holding element is fixed.
• the invention-related separation of the degrees of freedom of movement into two groups - a first group of transversal degrees of freedom of movement and a second group of axial degrees of freedom of movement - becomes a simple, faster and thus more cost-effective positioning process of the light transmission surface with respect to the reference object, by utilizing the first set of transversal degrees of freedom of movement by movement of the support member including guide portion of the optical fiber in at least one direction perpendicular to the fiber axis and the second set of axial degrees of freedom by performing sliding movement of the guide portion of the optical fiber in the recess of the support member ,
• Both groups of degrees of freedom of movement can be eliminated individually and independently of one another: the first group of transversal degrees of freedom of movement by fixing the position holding element with respect to the reference object and the second group of degrees of axial freedom by fixing the position of the light transmission surface with respect to the holding element.
• Fixing conditions are adapted and optimized in the light transmission arrangement.
• the holding element can also be moved in the z direction, wherein the optical fiber slides in the recess without the distance of the light transmission surface from the reference object changing.
• the distance of the holding element from the reference object can be adjusted, so that a joint gap of optimal thickness arises between the two components.
• a reliable result of the manufacture of the light transmission arrangement according to the invention can be ensured both with regard to the positioning accuracy and both the short-term and the long-term fixation accuracy.
• the guide section of the fiber guided in the holding element has a substantially constant cross section in the fiber axis direction
• the guide section of the fiber can be displaced in the recess of the holding element in the direction of the fiber axis (z direction) without the position of the light transmission surface in the x or y direction undergoes a change.
• the guide section of the fiber guided in the holding element also has a non-rotationally symmetrical cross section, the position of the light transmission surface in the direction of rotation ( ⁇ ) can also be kept constant.
• the guide section of the fiber guided in the holding element has a rotationally symmetrical, for example cylindrical, cross section, then the guide section of the fiber can be rotated in the recess of the holding element about an axis of rotation corresponding to the fiber axis, without the position of the light transmission surface in the x or y direction undergoes a change.
• Does the one in the Holding element guided guide section of the fiber also has a variable in Faserachsraum cross-section, so the position of the light transmission surface in the z-direction can be kept constant.
• the positioning according to the invention of the light transmission surface with respect to its rotation about the fiber axis is particularly advantageous in the case where the light transmission surface used as the light input or output region or the light-conducting regions of the fiber are not rotationally symmetrical with respect to the fiber axis in the coupling or decoupling region , Without transverse play in the guide, the position of the axis of rotation is identical to the axis of the fiber, allowing fast and inexpensive positioning of the fiber azimuth.
• optical fibers with fiber end faces which geometrically achieve a non-rotationally symmetrical lens effect, for example ground cylindrical surfaces on the fiber end surface or on the fiber end face, whose orientation must be adjusted at an angle to the reference object to an optimal transmission.
• optical fibers are concerned which at least in sections have a non-rotationally symmetric fiber core, for example a fiber core with a rectangular cross section, which is particularly suitable for coupling, guiding and / or beam shaping non-rotationally symmetrical light beams.
• the optical fibers of fiber lasers fall into this category.
• optical fibers having polarization-maintaining properties and optical fibers having a plurality of fiber cores, in particular a double core require positioning of the fiber azimuth.
• the light transmission arrangement according to the invention is neither limited to the use of a specific optical fiber nor to the conduction of light of a specific wavelength.
• the optical fiber may at least partially have a photonic crystal structure and / or be part of a fiber laser and / or a branched fiber structure.
• the guided light may be in the visible, ultraviolet and / or infrared spectral range.
• the invention is also applicable to fibers capable of directing electromagnetic radiation from a wavelength range beyond the ultraviolet and / or infrared spectral range.
• An optical fiber generally consists of three components: the light-guiding core (English: core), an outwardly adjoining opaque cladding (English: cladding) and an outwardly adjoining coating (English: coating) - for example, a polymer coating - the gives the fiber a flexibility and a break protection that it would not have without them.
• the coating consists for example of plastic, but may also consist of metal.
• the inventive method when the guidedformende outer contour portion of the optical fiber is formed by an outer circumferential surface of the fiber cladding, because usually the outer circumferential surface of the fiber cladding is formed by a cylindrical cross-section and more concentric with respect to the fiber core and / or the fiber axis than the outside the fiber cladding arranged outer surface of the fiber coating.
• the portion of the fiber to be removed by exposing the coating must be exposed.
• the fiber cladding radially form-fitting surrounding coating section of the rest of the coating and Fiber clad separates or dissolves.
• outer circumferential surface portions of other fiber components can be molded, for example, the fiber core or the fiber coating.
• a substance is used for the impression, which changes its state during and / or after the impression, for example by changing from a state of increased deformability (lower dimensional stability) to a state of reduced deformability (higher dimensional stability).
• this change in state involves a reduction in the viscosity of the substance, which may, for example, be characterized substantially by a decrease in viscosity or by a decrease in plasticity.
• This change can be generated isothermally - for example, chemically induced or by radiation - or else temperature-induced; both by increasing the temperature - for example, in the Curing of an adhesive - as well as by lowering the temperature - for example, during the solidification of a solder below its solidus temperature.
• the substance adapts during the impression to the outer contour section of the fiber to be shaped, optionally under the action of elevated temperature or elevated pressure.
• the recess produced by the impression, or the holding element or one or more parts thereof is substantially dimensionally stable - but at least thermally and / or mechanically more stable against a change in shape than in the state of the impression.
• a lowering of the viscoplasticity can generally also be referred to as solidification.
• the surrounding must not be fully 360 °, but may be limited to the extent necessary to establish a radial fit, for example, partially 190 °.
• the solidifying substance is not limited to a particular material, the substance solidifying during or after the impression preferably comprises an adhesive or a solder, in particular an organic adhesive or a metallic solder, in which the solidification is based essentially on viscous state changes.
• the solidifying substance preferably consists essentially completely of an adhesive or a solder.
• the recess according to the invention is formed on the outer contour portion of the fiber by substantially purely plastic material deformation, for example, by the exercise of one or more forces on a retaining element of structural elasticity.
• the holding element passes from a first form of missing in the force-free state positive engagement by plastic deformation in a second form of existing in the force-free state positive engagement. Due to the possibly existing after plastic deformation residual stresses in the holding element may also be a, albeit small, frictional connection between the holding element and the optical fiber.
• the retaining element is substantially completely or at least in terms of its volume and / or its mass predominantly of the solidified substance.
• the holding element in addition to the solidifying substance on other substances that are not directly involved in the molding of the outer contour portion. Nevertheless, it can for the molding process and for the stability of the holding element after Conclusion of the impression be advantageous, for example, when using a cured adhesive mechanically stabilizing filler.
• the inventive sliding movement of the guide portion of the optical fiber in the recess of the holding element assumes that there is no material connection and at most a limited, preferably. Small, frictional connection between the molded fiber portion and the holding element produced by molding.
• the molded outer contour portion of the fiber may be subjected to a passivation process prior to molding, which is intended to prevent the penetration of a material connection of the optical fiber with the surrounding substance or to weaken a cohesive connection of the optical fiber with the surrounding substance.
• passivation processes include wetting with a - for example liquid or powdery - release agent, the application of a coating which has no or only a slight adhesion to the outer contour portion and forms a material bond with the molding substance, and the application of a coating on the the outer contour portion has a liability and enters into no cohesive connection with the molding substance.
• Such dissolving methods include the use of at least one force, in particular a static or dynamic tensile, compressive or torsional force, the application of ultrasound, the change of climatic environmental conditions, in particular the humidity, the temperature and / or the pressure.
• a static or dynamic tensile, compressive or torsional force the application of ultrasound
• the change of climatic environmental conditions in particular the humidity, the temperature and / or the pressure.
• the latter can already be done for example by molding process, for example, during cooling after or during a dimensionally stable solidification.
• the inventive method for producing the transmission arrangement is characterized by the fixations of the layers of the holding element and the light transmission surface with respect to the reference object after completed alignment of the light transmission surface with respect to the reference object. It is sufficient, due to the radially positive guidance of the guide portion, which is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the light transmission surface - for example, at a distance of less than one hundred times, more preferably less than twenty times, the fiber cladding diameter -, the fiber to a fixing to connect a component, whose position is fixed relative to the reference object.
• This component may be the holding element, a carrier which forms a, preferably cohesive, holding assembly together with the holding element, or the fiber feedthrough in the context of a housing or the frame itself, which is attached to the same housing base plate as the reference object.
• these fixings each include at least one cohesive connection between the fixation partners by welding and / or involving at least one joining means, in particular a solder and / or an adhesive.
• the fixing section and guide section at least partially have an overlap and attachment of the fixing takes place at least partially in the recess of the holding element.
• the light transmission device can be arranged completely outside, or partially or completely within a common housing.
• the reference object, the holding element and the optical fiber can be arranged at least in sections in a common housing and fixed to a housing component of the common housing, in particular in a housing wall, a housing bottom plate, a housing cover or a bushing.
• at least one of all mentioned invention-essential or invention-related method steps, in particular the impression, the change in position and / or at least one of the fixings, can take place between two wall sections of the housing.
• the positional change of the light transmission surface with respect to the holding element to be set up mechanical coupling of a displacement and / or rotation means to a coupling portion of the optical fiber take place, which is arranged outside the range which is provided for the formation of the housing internal volume.
• FIG. 1 a shows a carrier for the holding element of the invention for producing a first exemplary embodiment of a light transmission arrangement
• FIG. 1 b shows the carrier with an optical fiber
• FIG. 1 c shows the holding assembly of carrier and holding element with optical fiber after the impression has taken place
• FIG. Fig. 1d shows a laser diode assembly and the application of a release method to cancel an existing connection between the molded portion of the optical fiber and the holding member
• Fig. 1e the application of a positioning method for the coupling surface of the optical fiber with respect to the laser diode assembly
• FIG. 1f shows the fixations of the layers of the holding element
• FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a light transmission order produced according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a light transmission arrangement produced according to the invention, and the light transmission area with respect to the laser diode assembly
• All embodiments relate to a light transmission arrangement in which the reference object is a light emitting laser diode (41) and the light transmission surface is the fiber end surface (23), over which the light beam emitted by the laser diode (41) is largely coupled into the optical fiber (20).
• the reference object is a light emitting laser diode (41) and the light transmission surface is the fiber end surface (23), over which the light beam emitted by the laser diode (41) is largely coupled into the optical fiber (20).
• this does not mean that the invention is limited to a specific reference object or a specific light transmission area.
• the reference object may be any known in the art light emitting device, light transmission device or light receiving device.
• the laser diodes edge emitting and surface emitting semiconductor lasers of all types, light emitting diodes (LEDs) of inorganic and / or organic material, as well as solid state and fiber lasers are among the preferred for the invention eligible light emitting devices.
• LEDs light emitting diodes
• solid state and fiber lasers are among the preferred for the invention eligible light emitting devices.
• light transmission devices include optical fibers and lenses and lens arrays of any kind, in particular collimating and focusing optics.
• eligible light receiving devices include light detection devices, in particular photoelectric principle - for example, photodiodes - and / or photo-thermal principle, and photovoltaic elements - such as solar cells - and laser, which use the received light as a pumping light.
• the light transmission surface may be located at any location of the optical fiber, not only at the end surface but at any outer surface of the optical fiber along its axis.
• an existing glass support (10) for receiving the holding element (30) is used.
• the carrier (10) on its upper side a Longitudinal groove, which is divided by a perpendicular to her transverse groove (13) in a first Lfitsnutabêt (11) and a second Lfitsnutabrough (12).
• the carrier In extension of the Lfitsachscardi of the first Lfitsnutabiteses (11), the carrier also in the direction away from the second Lfitsnutabrough (12) direction a projection (14) which is opposite to the top of the carrier to a top side opposite the underside down offset.
• An optical fiber (20) is at a length which at least that of the longitudinal groove of the carrier (10), freed from its coating (21), so that on this length, the lateral surface of the glass fiber cladding (22), the outer contour of the optical fiber ( 20).
• the coating-liberated part (22) of the optical fiber (20) extends over an end portion of the optical fiber (20), which comprises a fiber end surface (23) with a ground cylindrical lens as the light transmission surface.
• the coating-free part (22) of the optical fiber (20) is introduced in sections into the longitudinal groove, the fiber end surface (23) being arranged in the direction of the projection (14) outside the longitudinal groove.
• the arranged in the longitudinal groove portion of the optical fiber (20) rest on the groove bottom; but preferably he floats between the groove walls.
• an adhesive volume for example an adhesive drop, is introduced into the first longitudinal groove section (11), whereby it at least partially flows around the fiber section located therein and adapts to the shape of the outer contour section that is surrounded (FIG. 1c).
• the transverse groove (13) and the projection (14) limit a capillary flow of the adhesive beyond the first longitudinal groove portion (11) due to their enlarged clearance between the fiber (20) and the carrier.
• the transverse groove (13) prevents the adhesive from flowing into the second longitudinal groove section (12).
• the projection (14) prevents the adhesive from flowing onto an end face of the carrier (10), which is oriented perpendicular to the fiber axis direction on the projection (14) and is provided as a joining surface for fastening the carrier (10).
• the adhesive is solidified by suitable means, for example the application of heat and / or light, and by its cohesion forms a holding element (30) for the optical fiber (20).
• Adhesion-promoting primer is not necessary in every case, because if there is a comparable adhesion between the joining partners, the adhesion between optical fiber (20) and Retaining element (30) is smaller than the adhesion force between the holding element (30) and the carrier (10) because of the smaller interface.
• a separately manufactured holding element made of a first adhesive by means of a second adhesive in the first Lssensnutabêt (11) are attached.
• a tensile force Fz in Faserachscardi (z-direction) between the holding element (30) and the molded outer contour portion of the optical fiber (20) existing connection is released and a guide portion of the optical fiber (20) is defined in the recess defined by the molding in the holding element (30) radially positively guided (Fig. 1d).
• the support assembly (31) consisting of carrier (10) and holding element (30) can also be displaced in the radial direction, in Cartesian coordinates: in the x and y directions, transversely to the fiber axis, thus also the fiber end surface (23) in these directions is moved.
• both positioning processes those for the axial directions z and ⁇ and those for the transverse directions x and y, are suitable for the position of the fiber end surface (23), in particular the angular position of the ground cylindrical lens, with respect to the beam exit surface of the laser diode (41) the laser diode assembly (40) optimally to adjust the maximum coupled optical power.
• the laser diode (41) is fastened with a first electrical contact surface on a first electrical connection surface (43) of an electrically insulated heat conducting body (42).
• Electrical connection elements (45) connect a second, the first electricalticianf kaue opposite, contact surface of the laser diode (41) with a second electrical connection surface (44) of the sauceleit stresses (42), which is electrically isolated from the first electrical connection surface.
• the position of the Faserend Chemistry (23) with respect to the laser diode (23) is fixed. This is done, as shown in Fig. 1f, by the device each having a cohesive connection (50, 51) between the optical fiber (20) and the carrier (10) and between the carrier (10) and the laser diode assembly (40).
• an adhesive volume (50) for example an adhesive drop, is introduced into the second longitudinal groove portion (12) of the carrier (10), this being located around the one therein Fixing portion of the optical fiber (20) flows around and adapts to its outer contour.
• emitter width of the laser diode 90 ⁇ m; Fiber core diameter: 105 ⁇ m; Fiber cladding diameter: 125 ⁇ m; Fiber coating diameter: 250 ⁇ m; Length of the first longitudinal groove section: 0.5 mm; Length of the projection in fiber axis direction: 0.5 mm, distance of the fiber end surface to the holding element in the fixed state: 0.5 mm.
• An illustrated in Fig. 2 embodiment of a light transmission arrangement according to the invention differs from the first embodiment in that the optical fiber (20) only on a reduced compared to the first embodiment length, which is only over about 150% to 300% of the length of the first L jossnutabêtes (11), is freed from the coating (21). While a coating-freed fiber section is arranged in the first longitudinal groove section (11), a fiber section subject to coating is now arranged in the second longitudinal groove section (12) in contrast to the first exemplary embodiment.
• an adhesive (50) establishes a material connection with a fixing section of the fiber (20) which, due to the coating (21), is considerably more flexible than that coating-free fixing portion of the optical fiber (20) in the first embodiment.
• the carrier (10) is made of metal and the holding element (30) is made by introducing a liquid solder, preferably a soft solder, in the first longitudinal groove portion (11).
• the laser diode assembly (40) has, in addition to the laser diode (41) on an electrically conductive, metal-containing heat conducting body (42) which is for contacting the first contact surface of the laser diode (41) with this in cohesive connection. At the second contact surface of the laser diode to the heat conducting body opposite pole electrical connection element (45) is attached.
• the connection (51) between the support assembly (31) and the laser diode assembly (40) is made by two laser-heated solder drops (51) between the end face of the support projection (14) and the front face of the heat conduction body (42).
• the third embodiment shown in Fig. 3 illustrates the integration of the structural unit of optical fiber (20), holding assembly (31) and laser diode assembly (40) of the first embodiment in a housing (60), of which only the housing bottom plate (61), the housing wall (62) and the fiber feedthrough (64) are shown.
• the connection of the structural unit to the housing bottom plate (61) takes place by soldering the heat-conducting body (42) to the housing bottom plate (61), the heat-conducting body being arranged inside the housing wall (62). This soldering step precedes the production of the holding element (30), the adjustment, positioning and fixing of the fiber end surface (23) and the carrier (10).
• the axial adjustment of the fiber end surface (23) is achieved by the mechanical coupling of a displacement and / or rotation device a coupling portion of the optical fiber (20), which is arranged outside the housing wall (62).
• the optical fiber (20) in the region of a second, coating-containing, fixing in the fiber feedthrough (64) attached by a Adhesive in a radially directed opening (65) extending from the outer surface to the inner circumferential surface of the optical fiber (20) leading cavity of the fiber passage (64) is given.
• two opposite-pole electrical conductors (70, 71) are guided from outside through the housing wall and terminate within the housing wall at two electrically conductive support points (72, 73).
• Electrical connection elements (74, 75) connect the support points (72, 73) to the electrical connection surfaces (43, 44) of the laser diode assembly (40).
• Joining means / connection between carrier (10) and laser diode assembly (40)

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• 2008
  • 2008-02-27 DE DE102008011525A patent/DE102008011525A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2009
  • 2009-02-24 WO PCT/EP2009/001289 patent/WO2009106286A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-02-24 US US12/920,073 patent/US20110051454A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-02-24 EP EP09715013A patent/EP2250524A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-24 JP JP2010548009A patent/JP2011513774A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-24 CN CN2009801066874A patent/CN101971068A/zh active Pending

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