EP2203597A1 - Formwork configuration for the cantilever construction of bridges - Google Patents

Formwork configuration for the cantilever construction of bridges

Info

Publication number
EP2203597A1
EP2203597A1 EP08804531A EP08804531A EP2203597A1 EP 2203597 A1 EP2203597 A1 EP 2203597A1 EP 08804531 A EP08804531 A EP 08804531A EP 08804531 A EP08804531 A EP 08804531A EP 2203597 A1 EP2203597 A1 EP 2203597A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
formwork arrangement
arrangement
bearing
bearing part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08804531A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2203597B1 (en
Inventor
Johann Peneder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doka GmbH
Original Assignee
Doka Industrie GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doka Industrie GmbH filed Critical Doka Industrie GmbH
Priority to PL08804531T priority Critical patent/PL2203597T3/en
Publication of EP2203597A1 publication Critical patent/EP2203597A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2203597B1 publication Critical patent/EP2203597B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/10—Cantilevered erection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E01D2101/24—Concrete
    • E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges.
  • the storage of all movable elements usually takes place by means of rollers.
  • the formwork arrangement can be advanced to establish the reinforcements for the next section.
  • the rails or beams on which the formwork arrangement is mounted can be extended to the last created building section.
  • DE 28 48 536 A1 relates to a similar arrangement in which sliding bearings can be provided. Further formwork arrangements from this area are evident from EP 0 004 251 A1, DE 26 60 087 B1 and US Pat. No. 3,989,218.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges with an extended application and / or improved security.
  • this has at least one largely horizontal slide bearing, which has at least one bearing part made of plastic, in particular polyethylene.
  • plain bearings offers the following advantages over the previously used roller bearings.
  • roller bearings even at low bridge radii there is a risk that the rollers may be made of the rails or rails provided for them !
  • the considerable weight of such formwork arrangements which may be heavy, for example, several tons, there is a considerable amount of space for them to be stored on flanges or the like
  • roller bearings are on structures with gradients problematic because for advancing the formwork arrangement usually oscillating cylinders are provided, which are supported in a first operating state on a support or a rail, which is attached to an already created building section, and advance the formwork arrangement. In a second operating state, the formwork arrangement remains in place and the cylinders are retracted so that the supports are retightened. In this situation, the usually tons-heavy formwork arrangement is unsecured and can move forward on a gradient due to the roller bearings described, which represents a significant security risk.
  • the plastic bearing part according to the invention significantly reduces the risk of the bearing moving out of its rail or from the support provided for storage. Furthermore, a plastic bearing part has proven to be advantageous in that it can be designed to be self-locking up to a certain gradient. Accordingly, even with structures with gradient, the formwork arrangement safely stay in place and the support, as described, be tightened. In other words, the bearing forces are calculable and can be taken into account for a defined behavior of the entire formwork arrangement, even during the second operating state described above. Finally, the plastic plain bearing according to the invention offers a comparison with roller bearings improved, namely area force application.
  • the plastic bearing part is currently preferred to provide this on a movable part of the formwork arrangement.
  • the immovable part of the formwork arrangement for example, one or more Rails or carrier may have a considerable longitudinal extent to ensure a certain range of motion for the formwork arrangement. If you were to provide it plastic bearing parts, they would also extend over a considerable area. In that regard, for reasons of efficiency, it is currently preferred to provide the plastic bearing parts on the comparatively short moving part of the formwork arrangement or only on individual sections thereof.
  • a bearing part made of metal, preferably steel proved to be favorable as a further bearing part that cooperates with the plastic bearing part.
  • the sliding bearing be self-locking up to a gradient of about 5%, preferably about 6%, and more preferably up to 10%.
  • a wide range of applications can be covered with a particularly secure approach.
  • the attachment of the plastic bearing part can be particularly easily and efficiently done in a magnetic manner.
  • the plastic bearing part can be provided in an advantageous manner as part of a sliding bearing between any movable components or portions of a chamfer arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular of bridges.
  • the first attempts were particularly good experiences made when such a plain bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side mold on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork arrangement on the other hand was provided.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a formwork arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hollow section beam in the formwork arrangement of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a bottom perspective view of a slide bearing in the formwork arrangement of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective, partially cutaway view of a detail from FIG. 1.
  • the shuttering arrangement 10 which in the cantilevered direction can have an extension of a few meters, for example of five meters, is supported on an already created section 30 of a bridge.
  • the already created bridge section 30 can cantilever freely, and the formwork arrangement 10 can be provided to create a further, in turn cantilevered section.
  • To support the formwork arrangement 10 are in the case already shown four bridge section 30 Support 32 mounted, which essentially serve the storage and support of the formwork arrangement 10.
  • the carriers 32 essentially act as rails on which the shuttering arrangement 10, as described in more detail below, is displaceably mounted.
  • Fig. 1 a state is shown in which the formwork assembly 10, of which any formwork is not shown, has been advanced out of the last created section and is located in the situation shown immediately before the last created section.
  • the support of the formwork arrangement 10 on the supports 32 in the case shown by sliding bearings 34, which cooperate substantially with the upper surfaces of the support 32.
  • the forward movement is accomplished in the case shown by two hydraulic cylinders 36 which oscillate and alternately, supporting themselves on supports 38, advance the formwork assembly 10 or, while the formwork assembly 10 remains stationary, the supports 38 tighten.
  • abutments 40 are provided, which can engage, for example, protruding flanges of the supports 32 in order to support the weight of the overhanging formwork arrangement.
  • anchor rods may be provided for this purpose.
  • the formwork arrangement comprises an upper support arrangement 12, which consists of transverse 20 and longitudinal members 42. About a plurality of rods 16 is suspended from the upper support assembly 12, a lower support assembly 14, which also has transverse 20 and longitudinal members 42. Standardized stages may be attached to the upper 12 and / or lower carrier assembly 14, inter alia because of the possibilities for attaching standard components described below.
  • all cross members 20 are designed as a hollow profile carrier, as explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen in addition that between the carriers 20, in particular in the case of the upper carrier assembly 12 by additional, for example, diagonally oriented struts 44 stabilization of the carrier assembly can be carried out.
  • diagonally downwardly extending supports 46 may be provided to form the upper formwork assembly 12 with truss-like sections. It also follows that the upper support assembly, substantially in the form of the cross member 20, in the vertical direction from the surface of the bridge portion 30 is spaced so that the space located under the upper support assembly advantageously for the required work, such as the introduction of Reinforcements, is kept free. The space available for this purpose is further increased by the fact that the mentioned diagonal struts 44 are arranged in comparatively outer regions, so that the intermediate inner region can be used in a favorable manner for the delivery of reinforcement and the like.
  • the suspension of the lower support assembly 14 is carried out in the example shown by a plurality of rods 16, in which the lower support assembly 14 is mounted in a special manner, which will be described in more detail below.
  • the respective cross members 20 of the formwork arrangement of Fig. 1 will be described in detail.
  • the respective carrier 20 seen in cross-section, as seen at the front end (Fig. 2), a closed, box-like cross-section.
  • This is formed in the example shown by different sections, in the case shown by two largely horizontally oriented sections 22.1 and two in the representation largely vertically oriented web sections 22.2.
  • Characterized in that the horizontal portions 22.1 have a greater width than the web portions 22.2 are spaced from each other, formed on the lateral edges of the carrier 20 projecting flanges 24, With reference to FIG. 2 is schematically to recognize that the horizontal sections 22.1 are slightly thicker than the web sections 22.2.
  • FIG. 2 In the upper right-hand area of FIG. 2, ie in the rear area (as shown in FIG. 2) of the carrier 20, an end plate 48 can be seen, which protrudes in all directions over the sections 22 of the carrier 20 in the example shown. It should be noted that the carrier 20 may also have at its other end, ie the front end of FIG. 2 such an end plate 48, which is omitted for the sake of illustrating the interior of the carrier 20 in Fig. 2. Numerous fastening devices in the form of fastening openings 50 can be seen on the end plate 48, by means of which the attachment of surrounding components is possible.
  • Fasteners provided in the form of openings.
  • the individual openings of this grid for example, have a distance of about 10 cm and the attachment of "truss components" as the diagonal supports 44 and / or the diagonal supports 46 are used.
  • the fastening means 26.2 of a second grid located in the area of the box-like area (seen in cross-section) have a greater distance and a larger diameter of the openings of bars 16 (see Fig. 1) for the suspension of the lower support assembly 14.
  • the profile of the carrier 20 are described as I-profile with double central web, so that in the region of the central web (seen in cross section) closed hollow profile is formed.
  • the horizontal sections 22.1 and the web sections 22.2 of the carrier 20 and the end plates 48 may be welded together, for example.
  • the carrier shown in Fig. 2 may have a height dimension (in the direction of the web portions 22.2 ⁇ of about 40 cm.
  • a drive unit which has a sliding bearing 34, a hydraulic cylinder 36 and a support 38 substantially.
  • the operation of the drive unit has been explained above with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the sliding bearing 34 in the embodiment shown has two skids 52 which are slidably provided on the upper sides of the attached to the completed bridge section 30 carrier 32.
  • the runners 52 have lateral boundaries 54 largely in the form of plates and plastic bearing parts 28.
  • the plastic bearing parts 28 may be matched to the other bearing part, in the case shown the carrier 32, such that the storage is self-locking up to a certain slope.
  • the plastic bearing parts can be interchangeable and / or magnetically attached to the runners 52.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of the hinged suspension of the lower carrier arrangement 14 on the upper carrier arrangement 12 (see FIG. 1), which can be seen in an overall view in FIG. Of the lower support assembly is in Fig. 4, a longitudinal member 42 and an adjoining housing 18 can be seen. As explained above, the housing is attached to a cross member 20.
  • the articulated suspension More specifically, it is attached to a rod 16, at its lower end, which may have a thread for this purpose, for example by means of a nut 58, a spherical cap 60 is attached.
  • the spherical cap 60 has a spherical surface and cooperates in the embodiment shown with a ring-like cut counterpart 62 with a spherical inner surface 64.
  • the carrier arrangement can be adapted in a particularly flexible manner to inclined bridge geometries and other special applications.

Abstract

A formwork configuration for the cantilever construction of bridges has at least one largely horizontal friction bearing (34), which has at least one bearing part (28) made of plastic.

Description

Schalunqsanordnunq für den Freivorbau von Brücken Schalunqsanordnunq for the cantilever construction of bridges
Technisches GebietTechnical area
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schalungsanordnung für den Freivorbau von Brücken.The invention relates to a formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges.
Beim Freivorbau von Brücken aus Beton müssen diejenigen Schalungen, zwischen welche die notwendigen Bewehrungen eingebracht werden und der das nächste Teilstück bildende Beton eingegossen wird, über den bereits erstellten und ausreichend ausgehärteten Abschnitt der Brücke abgestützt werden. Zu diesem Zweck werden am Ende des bereits erstellten Brückenabschnitts im Wesentlichen Träger oder Schienen angebracht, in denen eine obere Trägeranordnung beweglich gelagert ist. Die obere Trägeranordnung kann in der Freivorbaurichtung und/oder über den seitlichen Rand des bereits erstellten Brückenabschnitts auskragen. An Abschnitten der oberen Trägeranordnung können Schalungen für den oberen Bereich der Brücke angebracht sein. Ferner kann an der oberen Trägeranordnung eine untere Trägeranordnung abgehängt sein, die zur gegebenenfalls verschieblichen Lagerung weiterer Schalungen für untere Bereiche der Brücke und/oder Innenschalungen im Fall eines Hohlkastenprofils der Brücke vorgesehen sind. Die Lagerung sämtlicher verschiebbarer Elemente erfolgt üblicherweise mittels Rollen. Nachdem ein neuer Bauwerksabschnitt erstellt wurde, kann die Schalungsanordnung vorangeschoben werden, um die Bewehrungen für den nächsten Abschnitt einzurichten. In diesem Zusammenhang können die Schienen oder Träger, auf denen die Schalungsanordnung gelagert ist, auf den zuletzt erstellten Bauwerksabschnitt verlängert werden.In the case of cantilevered concrete bridges, those formwork between which the necessary reinforcements are inserted and the concrete forming the next section shall be poured over the already established and sufficiently hardened section of the bridge must be supported. For this purpose, essentially carriers or rails are mounted at the end of the bridge section already created, in which an upper support assembly is movably mounted. The upper carrier arrangement can protrude in the free-living direction and / or over the lateral edge of the already created bridge section. Formwork for the upper area of the bridge may be attached to portions of the upper beam assembly. Further, a lower support assembly may be suspended from the upper support assembly, which are provided for optionally displaceable storage of other formwork for lower portions of the bridge and / or inner formwork in the case of a hollow box profile of the bridge. The storage of all movable elements usually takes place by means of rollers. After a new building section has been created, the formwork arrangement can be advanced to establish the reinforcements for the next section. In this context, the rails or beams on which the formwork arrangement is mounted, can be extended to the last created building section.
Stand der Technik Eine Schalungsanordnung für den Freivorbau von Brücken, bei der Rollenlagerungen vorgesehen sind und eine Schalung unabhängig von einer äußeren Schalung beweglich ist, ist aus der WO 83/04274 bekannt.State of the art A formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges, are provided in the roller bearings and a formwork is independent of an outer formwork movable, is known from WO 83/04274.
Die DE 28 48 536 Al betrifft eine ähnliche Anordnung, bei der Gleitlager vorgesehen sein können. Weitere Schalungsanordnungen aus diesem Gebiet gehen aus der EP 0 004 251 Al, DE 26 60 087 Bl und US 3,989,218 hervor.DE 28 48 536 A1 relates to a similar arrangement in which sliding bearings can be provided. Further formwork arrangements from this area are evident from EP 0 004 251 A1, DE 26 60 087 B1 and US Pat. No. 3,989,218.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schalungsanordnung für den Freivorbau von Brücken mit einem erweiterten Einsatzgebiet und/oder einer verbesserten Sicherheit zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges with an extended application and / or improved security.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die im Anspruch 1 beschriebene Schalungsanordnung.The solution to this problem is achieved by the formwork arrangement described in claim 1.
Demzufolge weist diese zumindest ein weitgehend horizontales Gleitlager auf, das zumindest ein Lagerteil aus Kunststoff, insbesondere Polyethylen, besitzt. Die Verwendung von Gleitlagern bietet gegenüber den bislang verwendeten Rollenlagerungen folgende Vorteile, Bei Rollenlagern besteht bereits bei geringen Brückenradien die Gefahr, dass die Rollen aus den für sie vorgesehenen Schienen oder !'auf" die sie lagernden Trägerabschnitte geraten und beispielsweise auf Flanschen oder dergleichen auflaufen/aufreiten . Unter Berücksichtigung des erheblichen Gewichts derartiger Ξchalungsanordnungen, die beispielsweise mehrere Zigtonnen schwer sein können. Besteht ein erheblichesAccordingly, this has at least one largely horizontal slide bearing, which has at least one bearing part made of plastic, in particular polyethylene. The use of plain bearings offers the following advantages over the previously used roller bearings. In the case of roller bearings, even at low bridge radii there is a risk that the rollers may be made of the rails or rails provided for them ! In consideration of the considerable weight of such formwork arrangements, which may be heavy, for example, several tons, there is a considerable amount of space for them to be stored on flanges or the like
Sicherheitsproblem dahingehend, dass die Schalungsanordnung nach einem derartigen Aufreiten einer Rollenlagerung in die eigentlich vorgesehene "Lagerschiene" zurückfällt. Ferner sind Rollenlagerungen bei Bauwerken mit Gefälle problematisch, weil zum Voranbewegen der Schalungsanordnung üblicherweise oszillierende Zylinder vorgesehen sind, die sich in einem ersten Betriebszustand an einem Träger oder einer Schiene abstützen, die an einem bereits erstellten Bauwerksabschnitt befestigt ist, und die Schalungsanordnung voranbewegen. In einem zweiten Betriebszustand bleibt die Schalungsanordnung an Ort und Stelle, und die Zylinder werden eingezogen, so dass die Abstützungen nachgezogen werden. In dieser Situation ist die üblicherweise tonnenschwere Schalungsanordnung ungesichert und kann sich bei Gefälle aufgrund der beschriebenen Rollenlagerungen voranbewegen, was ein erhebliches Sicherheitsrisiko darstellt.Safety problem to the effect that the formwork arrangement falls back after such a rallying a roller bearing in the actually provided "bearing rail". Furthermore, roller bearings are on structures with gradients problematic because for advancing the formwork arrangement usually oscillating cylinders are provided, which are supported in a first operating state on a support or a rail, which is attached to an already created building section, and advance the formwork arrangement. In a second operating state, the formwork arrangement remains in place and the cylinders are retracted so that the supports are retightened. In this situation, the usually tons-heavy formwork arrangement is unsecured and can move forward on a gradient due to the roller bearings described, which represents a significant security risk.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Lagerteil besteht eine deutlich geringere Gefahr, dass sich die Lagerung aus ihrer Schiene oder von dem zur Lagerung vorgesehenen Träger bewegt . Ferner hat sich ein Kunststoff-Lagerteil dahingehend als vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass es bis zu einem gewisse Gefälle selbsthemmend ausgeführt sein kann. Dementsprechend kann auch bei Bauwerken mit Gefälle die Schalungsanordnung sicher an Ort und Stelle bleiben und die Abstützung, wie beschrieben, nachgezogen werden. Mit anderen Worten sind die Lagerkräfte berechenbar und können für ein definiertes Verhalten der gesamten Schalungsanordnung, auch während des oben beschriebenen zweiten Betriebszustandes, berücksichtigt werden. Schließlich bietet das erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff- Gleitlager eine gegenüber Rollenlagern verbesserte, nämlich flächige Krafteinleitung.The plastic bearing part according to the invention significantly reduces the risk of the bearing moving out of its rail or from the support provided for storage. Furthermore, a plastic bearing part has proven to be advantageous in that it can be designed to be self-locking up to a certain gradient. Accordingly, even with structures with gradient, the formwork arrangement safely stay in place and the support, as described, be tightened. In other words, the bearing forces are calculable and can be taken into account for a defined behavior of the entire formwork arrangement, even during the second operating state described above. Finally, the plastic plain bearing according to the invention offers a comparison with roller bearings improved, namely area force application.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsanordnung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the formwork arrangement according to the invention are described in the further claims.
Für das Kunststoff-Lagerteil wird derzeit bevorzugt, dieses an einem beweglichen Teil der Schalungsanordnung vorzusehen. Hierbei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass der unbewegliche Teil der Schalungsanordnung, beispielsweise eine oder mehrere Schienen oder Träger eine erhebliche Längserstreckung aufweisen können, um einen gewissen Bewegungsbereich für die Schalungsanordnung zu gewährleisten. Wenn man daran Kunststoff-Lagerteile vorsehen würde, müssten sich diese ebenfalls über einen erheblichen Bereich erstrecken. Insoweit wird derzeit aus Gründen der Effizienz bevorzugt, die Kunststoff-Lagerteile an dem vergleichsweise kurzen beweglichen Teil der Schalungsanordnung oder lediglich an einzelnen Abschnitten desselben vorzusehen.For the plastic bearing part is currently preferred to provide this on a movable part of the formwork arrangement. It should be noted that the immovable part of the formwork arrangement, for example, one or more Rails or carrier may have a considerable longitudinal extent to ensure a certain range of motion for the formwork arrangement. If you were to provide it plastic bearing parts, they would also extend over a considerable area. In that regard, for reasons of efficiency, it is currently preferred to provide the plastic bearing parts on the comparatively short moving part of the formwork arrangement or only on individual sections thereof.
Für die Materialpaarung im Rahmen des Gleitlagers der erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsanordnung hat sich als weiteres Lagerteil, dass mit dem Kunststoff-Lagerteil zusammenwirkt, ein Lagerteil aus Metall, vorzugsweise Stahl als günstig erwiesen. Durch eine derartige Materialpaarung können besonders gut kalkulierbare, beispielsweise selbsthemmende Lagereigenschaften realisiert werden.For the material pairing in the context of the plain bearing of the formwork arrangement according to the invention, a bearing part made of metal, preferably steel proved to be favorable as a further bearing part that cooperates with the plastic bearing part. By such a combination of materials particularly well calculable, for example, self-locking storage properties can be realized.
Für die Praxis wird derzeit bevorzugt, dass das Gleitlager bis zu einem Gefälle von etwa 5%, bevorzugt etwa 6% und weiter bevorzugt bis zu 10% selbsthemmend ist. Hierdurch kann eine große Bandbreite von Anwendungsfällen mit einer besonders sicheren Vorgehensweise abgedeckt werden.In practice, it is presently preferred that the sliding bearing be self-locking up to a gradient of about 5%, preferably about 6%, and more preferably up to 10%. As a result, a wide range of applications can be covered with a particularly secure approach.
Unter Berücksichtigung des Aufwands, der sich aus einem Verschleiß der Lagerteile ergibt, erweist es sich ferner als vorteilhaft, zumindest ein Lagerteil, bevorzugt das Kunststoff-Lagerteil austauschbar vorzusehen.Taking into account the effort resulting from wear of the bearing parts, it also proves to be advantageous to provide at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part interchangeable.
Die Befestigung des Kunststoff-Lagerteils kann besonders einfach und effizient in magnetischer Art und Weise erfolgen.The attachment of the plastic bearing part can be particularly easily and efficiently done in a magnetic manner.
Ferner kann das Kunststoff-Lagerteil in vorteilhafter Weise als Teil eines Gleitlagers zwischen jeglichen beweglichen Komponenten oder Abschnitten einer Ξchalungsanordnung für den Freivorbau, insbesondere von Brücken vorgesehen sein. Bei ersten Versuchen wurden jedoch besonders gute Erfahrungen gemacht, wenn ein derartiges Gleitlager zwischen einem Innenschalwagen und/oder einer Seitenschalung einerseits und einem feststehenden Abschnitt der Schalungsanordnung andererseits vorgesehen war.Furthermore, the plastic bearing part can be provided in an advantageous manner as part of a sliding bearing between any movable components or portions of a chamfer arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular of bridges. However, the first attempts were particularly good experiences made when such a plain bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side mold on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork arrangement on the other hand was provided.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand beispielhaft in den Zeichnungen dargestellter Ausführungsformen näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsanordnung;Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a formwork arrangement according to the invention;
Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Hohlprofil- Trägers in der Schalungsanordnung von Fig. 1;FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hollow section beam in the formwork arrangement of FIG. 1; FIG.
Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Unteransicht eines Gleitlagers in der Schalungsanordnung von Fig. 1; undFig. 3 is a bottom perspective view of a slide bearing in the formwork arrangement of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 4 eine perspektivische, teilweise geschnittene Ansicht eines Details aus Fig. 1.4 shows a perspective, partially cutaway view of a detail from FIG. 1.
Ausführliche Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der ErfindungDetailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
Wie in Fig. 1 zu erkennen ist, ist die erfindungsgemäße Schalungsanordnung 10, die in der Freivorbau-Richtung eine Erstreckung von einigen Metern, beispielsweise von fünf Metern, aufweisen kann, an einem bereits erstellten Abschnitt 30 einer Brücke abgestützt. Der bereits erstellte Brückenabschnitt 30 kann frei auskragen, und die Schalungsanordnung 10 kann dafür vorgesehen sein, ein weiteres, wiederum auskragendes Teilstück zu erstellen. Zur Abstützung der Schalungsanordnung 10 sind an dem bereits erstellten Brückenabschnitt 30 in dem gezeigten Fall vier Träger 32 angebracht, die im Wesentlichen der Lagerung und Abstützung der Schalungsanordnung 10 dienen. Die Träger 32 wirken im Wesentlichen als Schienen, an denen die Schalungsanordnυng 10, wie nachfolgend genauer beschrieben, verschiebbar gelagert ist. In Fig. 1 ist ein Zustand gezeigt, in dem die Schalungsanordnung 10, von der jegliche Schalungen nicht dargestellt sind, aus dem zuletzt erstellten Teilstück heraus vorgeschoben wurde und sich in der gezeigten Situation unmittelbar vor dem zuletzt erstellten Teilstück befindet .As can be seen in FIG. 1, the shuttering arrangement 10 according to the invention, which in the cantilevered direction can have an extension of a few meters, for example of five meters, is supported on an already created section 30 of a bridge. The already created bridge section 30 can cantilever freely, and the formwork arrangement 10 can be provided to create a further, in turn cantilevered section. To support the formwork arrangement 10 are in the case already shown four bridge section 30 Support 32 mounted, which essentially serve the storage and support of the formwork arrangement 10. The carriers 32 essentially act as rails on which the shuttering arrangement 10, as described in more detail below, is displaceably mounted. In Fig. 1, a state is shown in which the formwork assembly 10, of which any formwork is not shown, has been advanced out of the last created section and is located in the situation shown immediately before the last created section.
Die Abstützung der Schalungsanordnung 10 an den Trägern 32 erfolgt in dem gezeigten Fall durch Gleitlager 34, die im Wesentlichen mit den oberen Flächen der Träger 32 zusammenwirken. Die Vorwärtsbewegung wird bei dem gezeigten Fall durch zwei Hydraulikzylinder 36 bewerkstelligt, die oszillieren und abwechselnd, sich an Abstützungen 38 abstützend, die Schalungsanordnung 10 voranbewegen oder, während die Schalungsanordnung 10 ortsfest bleibt, die Abstützungen 38 nachziehen. Neben den beschriebenen Gleitlagern 34 sind Gegenlager 40 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise überstehende Flansche der Träger 32 untergreifen können, um das Gewicht der auskragenden Schalungsanordnung abzustützen. Ferner können für diesen Zweck Ankerstäbe vorgesehen sein.The support of the formwork arrangement 10 on the supports 32 in the case shown by sliding bearings 34, which cooperate substantially with the upper surfaces of the support 32. The forward movement is accomplished in the case shown by two hydraulic cylinders 36 which oscillate and alternately, supporting themselves on supports 38, advance the formwork assembly 10 or, while the formwork assembly 10 remains stationary, the supports 38 tighten. In addition to the described plain bearings 34, abutments 40 are provided, which can engage, for example, protruding flanges of the supports 32 in order to support the weight of the overhanging formwork arrangement. Furthermore, anchor rods may be provided for this purpose.
Allgemein gesprochen weist die Schalungsanordnung eine obere Trägeranordnung 12 auf, die aus Quer- 20 und Längsträgern 42 besteht. Über mehrere Stäbe 16 ist von der oberen Trägeranordnung 12 eine untere Trägeranordnung 14 abgehängt, die ebenfalls Quer- 20 und Längsträger 42 aufweist. An der oberen 12 und/oder der unteren Trägeranordnung 14 können, unter anderem aufgrund der nachfolgend beschriebenen Möglichkeiten zur Anbringung von Standardbauteilen, standardisierte Bühnen angebracht sein. Bei dem gezeigten Beispiel sind sämtliche Querträger 20 als Hohlprofil-Trager ausgeführt, wie nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 2 näher erläutert. In Fig. 1 ist ergänzend zu erkennen, dass zwischen den Trägern 20, insbesondere im Fall der oberen Trägeranordnung 12 durch zusätzliche, beispielsweise diagonal ausgerichtete Streben 44 eine Stabilisierung der Trägeranordnung erfolgen kann. Ferner können diagonal nach unten verlaufende Träger 46 vorgesehen sein, um die obere Schalungsanordnung 12 mit fachwerkartigen Abschnitten auszubilden. Hieraus ergibt sich ferner, dass die obere Trägeranordnung, maßgeblich in Form der Querträger 20, in vertikaler Richtung von der Oberfläche des Brückenabschnitts 30 beabstandet ist, so dass der unter der oberen Trägeranordnung befindliche Raum in vorteilhafter Weise für die erforderlichen Arbeiten, beispielsweise die Einbringung von Bewehrungen, freigehalten wird. Der hierfür zur Verfügung stehende Raum wird ferner dadurch vergrößert, dass die erwähnten Diagonalstreben 44 in vergleichsweise äußeren Bereichen angeordnet sind, so dass der dazwischenliegende innere Bereich in günstiger Weise für die Anlieferung von Bewehrung und dergleichen genutzt werden kann. Die Aufhängung der unteren Trägeranordnung 14 erfolgt bei dem gezeigten Beispiel durch mehrere Stäbe 16, an denen die untere Trägeranordnung 14 in einer besonderen Art und Weise gelagert ist, die nachfolgend genauer beschrieben wird.Generally speaking, the formwork arrangement comprises an upper support arrangement 12, which consists of transverse 20 and longitudinal members 42. About a plurality of rods 16 is suspended from the upper support assembly 12, a lower support assembly 14, which also has transverse 20 and longitudinal members 42. Standardized stages may be attached to the upper 12 and / or lower carrier assembly 14, inter alia because of the possibilities for attaching standard components described below. In the example shown, all cross members 20 are designed as a hollow profile carrier, as explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2. In Fig. 1 it can be seen in addition that between the carriers 20, in particular in the case of the upper carrier assembly 12 by additional, for example, diagonally oriented struts 44 stabilization of the carrier assembly can be carried out. Further, diagonally downwardly extending supports 46 may be provided to form the upper formwork assembly 12 with truss-like sections. It also follows that the upper support assembly, substantially in the form of the cross member 20, in the vertical direction from the surface of the bridge portion 30 is spaced so that the space located under the upper support assembly advantageously for the required work, such as the introduction of Reinforcements, is kept free. The space available for this purpose is further increased by the fact that the mentioned diagonal struts 44 are arranged in comparatively outer regions, so that the intermediate inner region can be used in a favorable manner for the delivery of reinforcement and the like. The suspension of the lower support assembly 14 is carried out in the example shown by a plurality of rods 16, in which the lower support assembly 14 is mounted in a special manner, which will be described in more detail below.
Unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 2 wird zunächst der Aufbau der jeweiligen Querträger 20 der Schalungsanordnung von Fig. 1 genauer beschrieben. Wie in Fig. 2 erkennbar ist, weist der jeweilige Träger 20, im Querschnitt gesehen, wie am vorderen Ende (Fig. 2) erkennbar, einen geschlossenen, kastenartigen Querschnitt auf. Dieser wird bei dem gezeigten Beispiel durch unterschiedliche Abschnitte gebildet, in dem gezeigten Fall durch zwei weitgehend horizontal ausgerichtete Abschnitte 22.1 und zwei in der Darstellung weitgehend vertikal ausgerichtete Stegabschnitte 22.2. Dadurch, dass die horizontalen Abschnitte 22.1 eine größere Breite aufweisen, als die Stegabschnitte 22.2 voneinander beabstandet sind, entstehen an den seitlichen Rändern des Trägers 20 überstehende Flansche 24, Anhand Fig. 2 ist schematisch zu erkennen, dass die horizontalen Abschnitte 22.1 etwas dicker sind als die Stegabschnitte 22.2. Dies bringt zum Ausdruck, dass diese Abschnitte, in Übereinstimmung mit den daran gestellten unterschiedlichen Anforderungen, mit unterschiedlicher Dicke und/oder aus unterschiedlichem Material vorgesehen sein können. Im rechten oberen Bereich der Fig. 2, d.h. im (gemäß Fig. 2) hinteren Bereich des Trägers 20 ist eine Endplatte 48 zu erkennen, die bei dem gezeigten Beispiel in sämtlichen Richtungen über die Abschnitte 22 des Trägers 20 vorsteht. Es sei erwähnt, dass der Träger 20 auch an seinem anderen Ende, d.h. dem vorderen Ende gemäß Fig. 2 eine derartige Endplatte 48 aufweisen kann, die aus Gründen der Darstellung des Innenlebens des Trägers 20 in Fig. 2 weggelassen ist. An der Endplatte 48 sind zahlreiche Befestigungseinrichtungen in Form von Befestigungsöffnungen 50 zu erkennen, mittels derer die Anbringung umgebender Komponenten möglich ist.Referring first to Fig. 2, the construction of the respective cross members 20 of the formwork arrangement of Fig. 1 will be described in detail. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the respective carrier 20, seen in cross-section, as seen at the front end (Fig. 2), a closed, box-like cross-section. This is formed in the example shown by different sections, in the case shown by two largely horizontally oriented sections 22.1 and two in the representation largely vertically oriented web sections 22.2. Characterized in that the horizontal portions 22.1 have a greater width than the web portions 22.2 are spaced from each other, formed on the lateral edges of the carrier 20 projecting flanges 24, With reference to FIG. 2 is schematically to recognize that the horizontal sections 22.1 are slightly thicker than the web sections 22.2. This indicates that these sections may be provided with different thicknesses and / or different materials in accordance with the different requirements imposed thereon. In the upper right-hand area of FIG. 2, ie in the rear area (as shown in FIG. 2) of the carrier 20, an end plate 48 can be seen, which protrudes in all directions over the sections 22 of the carrier 20 in the example shown. It should be noted that the carrier 20 may also have at its other end, ie the front end of FIG. 2 such an end plate 48, which is omitted for the sake of illustrating the interior of the carrier 20 in Fig. 2. Numerous fastening devices in the form of fastening openings 50 can be seen on the end plate 48, by means of which the attachment of surrounding components is possible.
Dies gilt in ähnlicher Weise für die Raster von Befestigungseinrichtungen in Form von Öffnungen 26, die sich im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge des Trägers 20 und in Längsrichtung desselben erstrecken. In dem gezeigten Fall ist an sämtlichen seitlich überstehenden Flanschen 24 des Trägers 20 ein vergleichsweise enges Raster vonThis similarly applies to the grid of fasteners in the form of apertures 26 extending substantially the entire length of the support 20 and in the longitudinal direction thereof. In the case shown, at all laterally projecting flanges 24 of the carrier 20 is a comparatively narrow grid of
Befestigungseinrichtungen in Form von Öffnungen vorgesehen. Die einzelnen Öffnungen dieses Rasters können beispielsweise einen Abstand von etwa 10 cm aufweisen und der Befestigung von "Fachwerkkomponenten" wie den Diagonalstützen 44 und/oder den Diagonalträgern 46 dienen. Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die Befestigungseinrichtungen 26.2 eines zweiten Rasters, das sich im Bereich des (im Querschnitt gesehen} geschlossenen, kastenartigen Bereichs befindet, einen größeren Abstand und einen größeren Durchmesser der Öffnungen auf. Der Abstand kann beispielsweise 20 cm betragen und kann der Durchführung von Stäben 16 (vgl. Fig. 1) für die Aufhängung der unteren Trägeranordnung 14 dienen. Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, kann das Profil des Trägers 20 als I-Profil mit doppeltem Mittelsteg beschrieben werden, so dass ein im Bereich des Mittelstegs (im Querschnitt gesehen) geschlossenes Hohlprofil entsteht. Die horizontalen Abschnitte 22.1 und die Stegabschnitte 22.2 des Trägers 20 sowie die Endplatten 48 können beispielsweise miteinander verschweißt sein. Beispielhaft kann der in Fig. 2 gezeigte Träger eine Höhenabmessung (in Richtung der Stegabschnitte 22.2} von etwa 40 cm aufweisen.Fasteners provided in the form of openings. The individual openings of this grid, for example, have a distance of about 10 cm and the attachment of "truss components" as the diagonal supports 44 and / or the diagonal supports 46 are used. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the fastening means 26.2 of a second grid located in the area of the box-like area (seen in cross-section) have a greater distance and a larger diameter of the openings of bars 16 (see Fig. 1) for the suspension of the lower support assembly 14. As shown in Fig. 2, the profile of the carrier 20 are described as I-profile with double central web, so that in the region of the central web (seen in cross section) closed hollow profile is formed. The horizontal sections 22.1 and the web sections 22.2 of the carrier 20 and the end plates 48 may be welded together, for example. By way of example, the carrier shown in Fig. 2 may have a height dimension (in the direction of the web portions 22.2} of about 40 cm.
In Fig. 3 ist eine Antriebseinheit gezeigt, die im Wesentlichen ein Gleitlager 34, einen Hydraulikzylinder 36 und eine Abstützung 38 aufweist. Die Wirkungsweise der Antriebseinheit wurde vorangehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 1 erläutert. Aus Fig. 3 ist ergänzend zu erkennen, dass das Gleitlager 34 bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel zwei Kufen 52 aufweist, die verschiebbar auf die Oberseiten der an dem fertiggestellten Brückenabschnitt 30 angebrachten Träger 32 vorgesehen sind. Die Kufen 52 weisen seitliche Begrenzungen 54 weitgehend in Form von Platten sowie Kunststoff-Lagerteile 28 auf. Die Kunststoff-Lagerteile 28 können auf das andere Lagerteil, in dem gezeigten Fall die Träger 32, derart abgestimmt sein, dass die Lagerung bis zu einem gewisse Gefälle selbsthemmend ist. Ferner können die Kunststoff-Lagerteile austauschbar und/oder magnetisch an den Kufen 52 befestigt sein. An der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Antriebseinheit ist ferner eine sich weitgehend in Längsrichtung, d.h. in Freivorbau-Richtung erstreckende Achse 56 vorgesehen, an der die obere Trägeranordnung um eine weitgehend horizontale Achse drehbar gelagert sein kann.In Fig. 3, a drive unit is shown, which has a sliding bearing 34, a hydraulic cylinder 36 and a support 38 substantially. The operation of the drive unit has been explained above with reference to FIG. 1. From Fig. 3 it can be seen in addition that the sliding bearing 34 in the embodiment shown has two skids 52 which are slidably provided on the upper sides of the attached to the completed bridge section 30 carrier 32. The runners 52 have lateral boundaries 54 largely in the form of plates and plastic bearing parts 28. The plastic bearing parts 28 may be matched to the other bearing part, in the case shown the carrier 32, such that the storage is self-locking up to a certain slope. Furthermore, the plastic bearing parts can be interchangeable and / or magnetically attached to the runners 52. Furthermore, in the drive unit shown in Fig. 3, a substantially longitudinal direction, i. provided in the free-trimming direction axis 56, on which the upper support assembly may be rotatably mounted about a substantially horizontal axis.
Fig. 4 zeigt ein Detail der in einer Gesamtansicht in Fig. 1 zu erkennenden gelenkigen Aufhängung der unteren Trägeranordnung 14 an der oberen Trägeranordnung 12 (vgl. Fig. 1) . Von der unteren Trägeranordnung ist in Fig. 4 ein Längsträger 42 sowie ein sich daran anschließendes Gehäuse 18 erkennbar. Wie vorangehend erläutert, ist das Gehäuse an einem Querträger 20 befestigt. Die gelenkige Aufhängung erfolgt im Einzelnen an einem Stab 16, an dessen unterem Ende, das hierfür ein Gewinde aufweisen kann, beispielsweise mittels einer Mutter 58 eine Kugelkalotte 60 angebracht ist. Die Kugelkalotte 60 weist eine sphärische Oberfläche auf und wirkt bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem ringartig ausgeschnittenen Gegenstück 62 mit einer sphärischen Innenfläche 64 zusammen. Es ist zu erkennen, dass der Ausschnitt des Gegenstücks 62 größer ist als der Durchmesser des Stabes 16, so dass eine Neigung der unteren Trägeranordnung, an der das in Fig. 4 gezeigte Gehäuse 18 angebracht ist, um sämtliche Achsen möglich ist. Hierdurch kann, wie oben erwähnt, die Trägeranordnung in besonders flexibler Weise an geneigte Brückengeometrien und sonstige besonderen Anwendungsfälle angepasst werden. FIG. 4 shows a detail of the hinged suspension of the lower carrier arrangement 14 on the upper carrier arrangement 12 (see FIG. 1), which can be seen in an overall view in FIG. Of the lower support assembly is in Fig. 4, a longitudinal member 42 and an adjoining housing 18 can be seen. As explained above, the housing is attached to a cross member 20. The articulated suspension More specifically, it is attached to a rod 16, at its lower end, which may have a thread for this purpose, for example by means of a nut 58, a spherical cap 60 is attached. The spherical cap 60 has a spherical surface and cooperates in the embodiment shown with a ring-like cut counterpart 62 with a spherical inner surface 64. It can be seen that the cutout of the counterpart 62 is larger than the diameter of the rod 16, so that an inclination of the lower support assembly, to which the housing 18 shown in Fig. 4 is attached, is possible around all the axes. As a result, as mentioned above, the carrier arrangement can be adapted in a particularly flexible manner to inclined bridge geometries and other special applications.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schalungsanordnung (10} für den Freivorbau von Brücken mit zumindest einem weitgehend horizontalen Gleitlager (34), das zumindest ein Lagerteil (28) aus Kunststoff aufweist .1. formwork arrangement (10} for the cantilever construction of bridges with at least one substantially horizontal sliding bearing (34) having at least one bearing part (28) made of plastic.
2. Schalungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Kunststoff-Lagerteil (28) an einem beweglichen Teil2. Formwork arrangement according to claim 1, characterized g e k e n e n e c i n e s that the plastic bearing part (28) on a movable part
(30} der Schalungsanordnung vorgesehen ist.(30} of the formwork arrangement is provided.
3. Schalungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Gleitlager (34) ferner zumindest ein Lagerteil (32) aus Metall, vorzugsweise Stahl aufweist.3. The formwork arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding bearing (34) further comprises at least one bearing part (32) made of metal, preferably steel.
4. Schalungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Gleitlager (34) bis zu einem Gefälle von etwa 5%, bevorzugt etwa 6%, weiter bevorzugt etwa 10% selbsthemmend ist.4. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding bearing (34) is self-locking up to a gradient of about 5%, preferably about 6%, more preferably about 10%.
5. Schalungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass zumindest ein Lagerteil, bevorzugt das Kunststoff- Lagerteil (28) austauschbar vorgesehen ist.5. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part (28) is provided interchangeable.
6. Schalungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass zumindest ein Lagerteil, bevorzugt das Kunststoff- Lagerteil (28) magnetisch befestigt ist.6. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part (28) is magnetically fixed.
7. Schalungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass zumindest ein Gleitlager zwischen einem Innenschalwagen und/oder einer Seitenschalung einerseits und einem feststehenden Abschnitt der Schalungsanordnung andererseits vorgesehen ist. 7. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one sliding bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side formwork on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork arrangement on the other hand is provided.
EP08804531.5A 2007-10-04 2008-09-22 Formwork configuration for the cantilever construction of bridges Active EP2203597B1 (en)

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ES2435505B1 (en) 2011-11-30 2014-09-23 Rubrica Ingenieria Y Arquitectura, S.L. WORK FOR EXECUTION OF WORKS
CN106836012A (en) * 2017-03-14 2017-06-13 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 A kind of automatic advancing device of Hanging Basket
DE102019104548A1 (en) * 2019-02-22 2020-08-27 Peri Gmbh LIFT DRIVE FOR A RAIL-GUIDED FREE-FRAME DEVICE
DE102019203959A1 (en) 2019-03-22 2020-09-24 Hünnebeck GmbH Structural system for the manufacture of structures

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DE1170440B (en) * 1963-01-26 1964-05-21 Esslingen Maschf Plain bearings for bridges u. like structures
DE1658587B1 (en) * 1967-10-30 1970-11-05 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Device for producing multi-span supporting structures, in particular bridge superstructures, made of reinforced or prestressed concrete
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BRPI0817512A2 (en) 2019-01-02
EP2203597B1 (en) 2015-10-28

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