EP2194522A3 - Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof - Google Patents
Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2194522A3 EP2194522A3 EP10003195A EP10003195A EP2194522A3 EP 2194522 A3 EP2194522 A3 EP 2194522A3 EP 10003195 A EP10003195 A EP 10003195A EP 10003195 A EP10003195 A EP 10003195A EP 2194522 A3 EP2194522 A3 EP 2194522A3
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- photo sensor
- temperature
- photo
- display device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/105—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier being of the PIN type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14683—Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
- H01L27/14692—Thin film technologies, e.g. amorphous, poly, micro- or nanocrystalline silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/041—Temperature compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
- G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
- G09G2330/021—Power management, e.g. power saving
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/14—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors
- G09G2360/144—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light being ambient light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/13—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays comprising photosensors that control luminance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020080013032A KR100958028B1 (ko) | 2008-02-13 | 2008-02-13 | 광센서 및 그를 이용한 평판표시장치 |
EP09250383.8A EP2091039B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09250383.8 Division | 2009-02-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2194522A2 EP2194522A2 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
EP2194522A3 true EP2194522A3 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=40750964
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09250383.8A Active EP2091039B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof |
EP10003195A Withdrawn EP2194522A3 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09250383.8A Active EP2091039B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8749537B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2091039B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5038202B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100958028B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101510554B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2214157A4 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2012-03-07 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal display arrangement and control method therefor |
KR100957948B1 (ko) * | 2008-02-19 | 2010-05-13 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 광센서 및 그를 이용한 평판표시장치 |
CN105786268B (zh) | 2010-02-19 | 2019-03-12 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 显示设备及其驱动方法 |
TWI434409B (zh) | 2010-08-04 | 2014-04-11 | Au Optronics Corp | 有機電激發光顯示單元及其製造方法 |
KR101736320B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-02 | 2017-05-30 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 포토 다이오드, 그 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 포토 센서 |
KR101481676B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-26 | 2015-01-13 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 발광표시장치 |
KR101947163B1 (ko) | 2012-02-10 | 2019-02-13 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
CN106027014B (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2019-10-01 | 意法半导体研发(深圳)有限公司 | 用于功率驱动器电路应用的电流斜率控制方法和装置 |
KR102036346B1 (ko) | 2012-11-30 | 2019-10-24 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 열적 리셋을 수행할 수 있는 이미지 센서, 이의 동작 방법, 및 상기 이미지 센서를 포함하는 장치들 |
KR102278875B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-14 | 2021-07-20 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 게이트 구동회로 및 이를 포함하는 표시장치 |
CN104914602B (zh) * | 2015-07-10 | 2019-05-31 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 显示装置和阵列基板 |
KR102380922B1 (ko) * | 2015-09-11 | 2022-04-04 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기발광 표시장치 |
DE102015217938B4 (de) * | 2015-09-18 | 2024-10-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Mikromechanisches Bauelement, Mikrospiegel-basiertes Lasersystem und Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Mikrospiegel-basierten Lasersystems |
KR101937336B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-20 | 2019-01-11 | 보에 테크놀로지 그룹 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 방출-제어 회로, 그것을 갖는 디스플레이 장치, 및 그 구동 방법 |
CN107785406B (zh) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-04-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种有机电致发光显示面板及其驱动方法、显示装置 |
CN107909966B (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-01-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种像素驱动电路、其驱动方法及显示装置 |
CN108682390A (zh) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种显示装置及其亮度检测方法 |
CN110120411B (zh) | 2019-05-29 | 2021-08-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 阵列基板及显示装置 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1511084A2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-02 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co., Ltd. | Display device and photoelectric conversion device |
WO2005093700A2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-10-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electroluminescent display devices |
WO2006117956A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | 液晶表示装置 |
EP2149914A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-02-03 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4659930A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-04-21 | Honeywell Inc. | Radiation hard visible light readout circuit |
JPH08181348A (ja) | 1994-12-22 | 1996-07-12 | Copal Co Ltd | 光電変換装置 |
JPH10115552A (ja) | 1996-08-19 | 1998-05-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 光検出装置および固体撮像装置 |
JPH11312822A (ja) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Seiko Instruments Inc | イメージセンサー |
JP4639509B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2011-02-23 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | 光電流増幅回路 |
JP3775574B2 (ja) | 2001-05-22 | 2006-05-17 | シャープ株式会社 | 光結合装置 |
DE60134143D1 (de) * | 2001-10-16 | 2008-07-03 | Suisse Electronique Microtech | Photodetektor mit grossem Dynamikbereich und erhöhtem Arbeitstemperaturbereich |
US7183727B2 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2007-02-27 | Microsemi Corporation | Optical and temperature feedbacks to control display brightness |
KR100567786B1 (ko) | 2003-12-29 | 2006-04-05 | 전자부품연구원 | 차동형 이종접합 포토트랜지스터 |
KR100997977B1 (ko) * | 2004-01-12 | 2010-12-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 광센서 및 이를 이용한 표시 장치 |
KR101032946B1 (ko) * | 2004-04-01 | 2011-05-09 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 광센서 및 이를 구비한 표시 장치 |
JP4599985B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2010-12-15 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 光検出回路、電気光学装置、および電子機器 |
US7620291B1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2009-11-17 | Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. | Automatic calibration circuit for optoelectronic devices |
KR100707640B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-28 | 2007-04-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 발광 표시장치 및 그 구동 방법 |
KR100705005B1 (ko) * | 2005-06-20 | 2007-04-09 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 씨모스 이미지 센서의 이미지 화소 |
JP2007018458A (ja) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-25 | Sony Corp | 表示装置、センサ信号の補正方法並びに撮像装置 |
KR100723207B1 (ko) * | 2005-08-01 | 2007-05-29 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 암전류 보상 기능을 갖는 cmos 이미지 센서 |
JP2007065004A (ja) * | 2005-08-29 | 2007-03-15 | Sanyo Epson Imaging Devices Corp | 照度検出方法、輝度制御方法、電気光学装置及び電子機器 |
JP4878005B2 (ja) | 2006-05-30 | 2012-02-15 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 半導体装置及びそれを用いた電子機器 |
GB2446821A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-27 | Sharp Kk | An ambient light sensing system |
GB2448869A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-11-05 | Sharp Kk | Stray light compensation in ambient light sensor |
JP5660755B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-02 | 2015-01-28 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 表示装置および表示制御方法ならびに電子機器 |
KR101015884B1 (ko) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-02-23 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 손가락 열에 의한 전류를 제거하는 터치 패널 구동회로 및 이를 포함하는 터치 패널 |
-
2008
- 2008-02-13 KR KR1020080013032A patent/KR100958028B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-03-25 JP JP2008079279A patent/JP5038202B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-02-12 CN CN2009100041477A patent/CN101510554B/zh active Active
- 2009-02-13 EP EP09250383.8A patent/EP2091039B1/en active Active
- 2009-02-13 US US12/379,188 patent/US8749537B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-13 EP EP10003195A patent/EP2194522A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1511084A2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-02 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co., Ltd. | Display device and photoelectric conversion device |
WO2005093700A2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-10-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electroluminescent display devices |
WO2006117956A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | 液晶表示装置 |
EP2149914A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-02-03 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100958028B1 (ko) | 2010-05-17 |
US8749537B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
CN101510554B (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
EP2091039A2 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
JP5038202B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 |
US20090201228A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
EP2091039A3 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
CN101510554A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
EP2091039B1 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
KR20090087653A (ko) | 2009-08-18 |
EP2194522A2 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
JP2009194350A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2194522A3 (en) | Photo sensor and flat panel display device using thereof | |
EP2177946A3 (en) | LCD display with photo sensor touch function | |
EP2325888A3 (en) | Semiconductor device and display device | |
EP2346232A3 (en) | Input device and mobile terminal having the input device | |
TW200625174A (en) | Display device including sensing elements | |
EP2071435A3 (en) | Display device and method for manufacturing the same | |
TW200639771A (en) | Touch sensible display device | |
EP2043081A3 (en) | Display devices with ambient light sensing | |
GB201201225D0 (en) | Digital display device | |
TW200630925A (en) | Touch sensible display device and driving method thereof | |
EP2216769A3 (en) | Display device and display system | |
EP2228709A3 (en) | Touch panel | |
TW200639772A (en) | Display device including function to input information from screen by light | |
EP2093651A3 (en) | Input device with display function | |
WO2007069107A3 (en) | Display devices with ambient light sensing | |
TR201910283T4 (tr) | Ayarlanabilir bir ışık kaynağı içeren görüntü cihazı. | |
TWI263340B (en) | Image pickup function solid type display device | |
ATE554415T1 (de) | Elektronisches fernglas | |
GB201114767D0 (en) | Microscopy imaging device with advanced imaging properties | |
EP2159677A3 (en) | Display device and method of controlling the display device | |
EP2278798A3 (en) | Multimedia player displaying 2 projection images | |
EP2202716A3 (en) | Driving device for display and display using the same and driving method of the display | |
TW200604676A (en) | Display device and driving device for a light source | |
WO2009001685A1 (ja) | 撮像表示方法および撮像表示装置 | |
TW200951547A (en) | Display device and luminance control method therefor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20100331 |
|
AC | Divisional application: reference to earlier application |
Ref document number: 2091039 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: P |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: H01L 31/105 20060101ALI20120418BHEP Ipc: G09G 3/34 20060101ALI20120418BHEP Ipc: H01L 27/146 20060101ALI20120418BHEP Ipc: H01L 31/147 20060101ALI20120418BHEP Ipc: G09G 3/32 20060101AFI20120418BHEP |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: H01L 31/105 20060101ALI20120803BHEP Ipc: H01L 31/147 20060101ALI20120803BHEP Ipc: H01L 27/146 20060101ALI20120803BHEP Ipc: G09G 3/32 20060101AFI20120803BHEP Ipc: G09G 3/34 20060101ALI20120803BHEP |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD. |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20130408 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20130820 |