EP2185797A1 - Dispositif de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement dote d'un reservoir d'agent de reduction et procede de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement - Google Patents

Dispositif de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement dote d'un reservoir d'agent de reduction et procede de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement

Info

Publication number
EP2185797A1
EP2185797A1 EP08803024A EP08803024A EP2185797A1 EP 2185797 A1 EP2185797 A1 EP 2185797A1 EP 08803024 A EP08803024 A EP 08803024A EP 08803024 A EP08803024 A EP 08803024A EP 2185797 A1 EP2185797 A1 EP 2185797A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
memory
arrangement according
exhaust gas
aftertreatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08803024A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Wahl
Florian Wahl
Michael Koehler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2185797A1 publication Critical patent/EP2185797A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/06—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in the gaseous form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust aftertreatment arrangement for the reduction of pollutants or a method for exhaust aftertreatment according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • SCR process C.SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • Catalysts are in a range of 250 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius.
  • a catalyst which has a catalytically active coating of vanadium pentoxide on tungsten oxide-stabilized titanium dioxide (so-called anatase phase). Ammonia and nitrogen monoxide react on the catalyst to harmless substances, water and nitrogen from.
  • urea is used as a reducing agent instead of ammonia.
  • the catalyzed reduction of nitrogen oxides is a catalyzed Hydrolysis of the urea upstream of ammonia and carbon dioxide. Subsequently, ammonia reacts with the nitrogen oxides further according to the above reaction.
  • other suitable catalyst materials can also be used in motor vehicles, for example gamma-aluminum oxide-applied transition metal compounds, such as
  • Iron-doped gamma-alumina Iron-doped gamma-alumina. Also, transition metal ion exchanged or impregnated zeolites can be used.
  • the exhaust aftertreatment arrangement according to the invention or the exhaust gas aftertreatment method according to the invention have the characterizing features of the independent claims
  • the advantage of providing an energy-efficient temperature control of a reducing agent reservoir, in particular an ammonia storage and, consequently, an energy-efficient arrangement for reducing, for example, nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas or to ensure energy-efficient exhaust gas aftertreatment.
  • the additional fuel consumption required by an electrical energy requirement can be reduced.
  • a further advantage is to be considered that the waste heat of the exhaust gas not only optimally utilized for the release of the reducing agent, for example gaseous ammonia, from the storage or a storage substance contained in the storage, but at the same time a space-saving by integrating the storage container in the region of the exhaust line Arrangement provided and otherwise possible problems with the voltage stability of a motor vehicle electrical system can be reduced or even avoided.
  • the reducing agent for example gaseous ammonia
  • FIG. 1 shows an exhaust aftertreatment arrangement with a voltage applied to the exhaust pipe - A -
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement with a memory arranged within a path of the exhaust gas conduit
  • FIG. 3 shows an arrangement with a reservoir within a single-path exhaust gas conduit
  • FIG. 4a shows a reservoir
  • FIG. 4b shows a reservoir with a cartridge which can be inserted into a container.
  • Figure 1 shows an exhaust aftertreatment device 1 with an exhaust pipe 7, in the flow direction 5 of an internal combustion engine, such as a
  • Diesel engine incoming exhaust gas to a designed as a catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides treatment unit 3 passes.
  • the exhaust gas line 7 is divided downstream of the SC R catalyst in a first path 9 and in a second path 11, wherein the two paths unite again upstream of the S C R catalyst to a gas-carrying line.
  • Internal combustion engine side performs a first, in particular electrically controllable exhaust valve 13, a so-called partition exhaust valve, the exhaust gas flow either in one of two or taking an intermediate position at the same time in both paths 9 and 11.
  • On the catalyst side can be closed via a second exhaust valve 15 either one of the two paths , In an intermediate position of the second exhaust gas flap, exhaust gas streams from both paths, which combine in front of the catalyst, can also be conducted to the catalyst 3.
  • a storage 18 for storing ammonia by means of a storage substance 19 of magnesium chloride.
  • the storage tank 17 of the accumulator is arranged parallel to the exhaust pipe, along a wall 8 of the exhaust pipe 7 in the region of the second path 11.
  • the outer side of the storage container and the exhaust pipe touch each other surface and form a heat transfer region 27.
  • the spatial extent 29 of the memory or the storage container is perpendicular to the flow direction 20 of the
  • Exhaust gas in the second path 11 small compared to its extension along the second path 11 (for example in a ratio in a range of 1:10 to 1:50, in particular in a range of 1:12 to 1:45).
  • An electrically controllable metering valve 21 is mounted on the memory and projecting on its opening side with a front of the SC R catalyst 3 in the exhaust pipe Supply line 23 is connected, wherein between the metering valve and the projecting into the exhaust pipe open end of the supply line, a buffer tank 24 for buffer storage already leaked from the memory ammonia is arranged.
  • This is provided on its side facing the open end of the supply line with a further, not shown closing means, for example, a further electrically controllable valve.
  • the cleaned exhaust gas leaves the catalyst on the side facing away from the reducing agent supply in the flow direction 25 in order to reach the outside via possibly further exhaust-gas treatment arrangements or via the silencer.
  • an electric heating element 31 is on
  • An electronic control unit 32 is connected to sensors, not shown, sensor signals 33, such as a nitrogen oxide sensor at the output of the S C R catalyst connected.
  • sensor signals 33 such as a nitrogen oxide sensor at the output of the S C R catalyst connected.
  • control unit 15 are supplied via not shown electrical signal lines from the control unit 32 with control signals 34.
  • the exhaust system is designed so that the exhaust gas flow can be controlled via flaps in two lines can be removed (so-called twin-flow system).
  • Ammonia storage substance is accommodated in a storage container, which is arranged on a one of the two exhaust gas lines, that a good heat transfer from the exhaust gas takes place to the storage substance.
  • the good heat transfer can be supported by a suitable choice of materials made of materials with high thermal conductivity and a suitable structural design, for example by using a mutually intermeshing rib structure of the exhaust pipe and storage tank.
  • the heat input of the passing exhaust gas into the ammonia storage substance ammonia is released. Due to the liberated, gaseous ammonia (and any by-products when using alternative storage materials) creates an overpressure in the designed as a pressure vessel storage tank.
  • the gaseous ammonia is metered into the exhaust gas line via the metering valve 21 or the closing means attached to the buffer container.
  • the exhaust gas flow for heating the ammonia storage substance can be adjusted via the division exhaust valve 13 become.
  • the amount of heat that is introduced into the ammonia storage substance is dependent on the temperature and the mass flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the path 11.
  • the control of the flap position and thus also the ammonia release can be done by means of a mass flow meter, a temperature sensor or an exhaust pressure sensor.
  • the measured value is detected in the control unit 32 and controlled according to the position of the distribution exhaust valve 13 via control signals 34.
  • the exhaust gas flow in the path 11 is adjusted at each operating point of the internal combustion engine so that the respectively required amount of ammonia is available for the reduction of nitrogen oxides. If the exhaust heat in certain operating points for the
  • the electric heating element 31 can additionally heat the storage or the storage substance for the ammonia release.
  • the electric heater can also be used for an early onset dosing during cold start of the engine, where otherwise would still be expected with the motor vehicle exempt polluted exhaust gas, because the exhaust gas temperatures for the dissolution of the ammonia from the storage substance is not enough.
  • the heating element increases in cooperation with the exhaust valve control and the dynamic range of the possible dosage of the reducing agent, both in terms of time, that is, with respect to the response time of the dosing to an electronically controlled requirement of increased amounts of reducing agent, as well as in terms of quantity, ie in terms of per unit time maximum possible delivery amount of reducing agent.
  • the buffer tank 24 may help to shorten the response time of the dosing by this one within a very short time, especially during cold start of the engine, retrievable amount of gaseous ammonia.
  • a buffer volume also serves the provision of gaseous ammonia for higher dynamic requirements in general, that is also in terms of quantity, as already carried out in connection with the electric heating element.
  • the arrangement can also be provided without electric heating or without buffer container.
  • the exhaust flaps can be omitted.
  • a buffer volume can not be used as a separate container but as a partial volume be provided within the storage container.
  • the storage substance can also be accommodated instead of in a container in a replaceable cartridge, which in turn can be introduced into the container.
  • the storage container itself may also be designed as an exchangeable cartridge, whereby the heat transfer from the exhaust gas to
  • Magnesium chloride ensures easy refilling of the exhaust aftertreatment system with new ammonia via standard cartridge replacement.
  • the arrangement is also suitable for a variety of ammonia storage materials from which ammonia is obtained by thermal desorption or thermolysis, i. Temperature effect, is released.
  • Suitable storage substances may, for example, besides magnesium chloride, be many other salts, in particular other chlorides and / or sulfates of one or more alkaline earth elements (such as CaCb) and / or one or more 3d subgroup elements such as manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and / or zinc , Furthermore, organic adsorbents and ammonium salts such as e.g.
  • Ammonium carbamate suitable ammonia storage substances that can be used.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further exhaust aftertreatment arrangement 40, in which the same or similar components as in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference number and will not be described again.
  • the arrangement 40 has a storage tank 41 arranged within the exhaust gas pipe 7 in the region of the path 11.
  • Storage tank is in this case locked by means of releasable struts 43, so that the exhaust gas can flow past at least on one side between the storage wall and the wall of the exhaust pipe.
  • the storage container for the ammonia storage substance in the exhaust pipe of the container is directly exposed to the exhaust gas full flow in the path 11, whereby the heat transfer region in comparison to the arrangement of Figure 1 ensures an improved heat-conducting contact between the exhaust gas and storage substance.
  • Refilling the storage container can be done by connecting an ammonia gas storage in a workshop via a connection device, not shown.
  • a connection device not shown.
  • it can be provided to provide a screw / flange connection, which makes it possible to replace the memory together with the exhaust pipe (path 11) against a filled storage.
  • Figure 3 shows an exhaust aftertreatment arrangement 46, in which, similar to the arrangement of Figure 2, the storage vessel 41 is exposed to the exhaust gas full flow, but not the exhaust full flow of a sub-path, but, dispensing with a division of the exhaust gas flow, the entire of the
  • FIG. 4 a shows once again, diagrammatically, a detail of the preceding exhaust aftertreatment arrangements, namely a memory 18 whose storage substance 19 is located in a storage tank 17.
  • FIG. 4b shows an alternative embodiment of a reducing agent reservoir which can be used in one of the described arrangements or methods, into whose storage container 17 not directly the ammonia storage substance but a cartridge 51 is inserted, which in turn contains the ammonia storage substance.
  • the storage container forms, so to speak, a heat-transferring sleeve, in the interior of which replaceable cartridges can be inserted as needed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de post-traitement de gaz d'échappement ainsi qu'un procédé de réduction de matières polluantes, en particulier pour la réduction catalytique sélective d'oxydes d'azote. Le dispositif comporte un conduit de gaz d'échappement (7) pour diriger les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne vers une unité de traitement (3) pour réduire les matières polluantes et au moins un réservoir (18) pour stocker un agent de réduction à employer dans l'unité de traitement. Le réservoir (18) est disposé dans la zone du conduit de gaz d'échappement et s'étend parallèlement au conduit de gaz d'échappement et est en contact thermoconducteur avec le conduit de gaz d'échappement et/ou avec les gaz d'échappement contenus dans le conduit de gaz d'échappement.
EP08803024A 2007-09-06 2008-08-14 Dispositif de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement dote d'un reservoir d'agent de reduction et procede de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement Withdrawn EP2185797A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007042409A DE102007042409A1 (de) 2007-09-06 2007-09-06 Abgasnachbehandlungsanordnung mit Reduktionsmittelspeicher und Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Abgasen
PCT/EP2008/060657 WO2009033911A1 (fr) 2007-09-06 2008-08-14 Dispositif de post-traitement de gaz d'échappement doté d'un réservoir d'agent de réduction et procédé de post-traitement de gaz d'échappement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2185797A1 true EP2185797A1 (fr) 2010-05-19

Family

ID=39967628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08803024A Withdrawn EP2185797A1 (fr) 2007-09-06 2008-08-14 Dispositif de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement dote d'un reservoir d'agent de reduction et procede de post-traitement de gaz d'echappement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100236225A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2185797A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007042409A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009033911A1 (fr)

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US8438838B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2013-05-14 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies Fuel-fired burner and heat exchanger system for heating a NOx reducing agent supply tank
FR2975641B1 (fr) * 2011-05-27 2013-05-31 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Reservoir a plusieurs compartiments, procede de fabrication et vehicule automobile correspondant
WO2013106727A1 (fr) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Plaque de division ajustable pour régulation de débit de charbon de classificateur
US20150114486A1 (en) * 2012-05-03 2015-04-30 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Ammonia flow modulator to prevent moisture build-up
JP6136960B2 (ja) * 2014-01-31 2017-05-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気系構造
US10300435B2 (en) * 2015-02-26 2019-05-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Ammonia generation apparatus and ammonia generation control apparatus
JP6553405B2 (ja) * 2015-05-25 2019-07-31 日本特殊陶業株式会社 アンモニア発生制御装置
US9644519B2 (en) * 2015-03-31 2017-05-09 Umm-Al-Qura University Device and method to use the same to purify pollutant gases
JP6520420B2 (ja) * 2015-06-04 2019-05-29 株式会社豊田自動織機 化学蓄熱装置
CN113586207B (zh) * 2021-06-30 2022-11-15 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 一种乘用车发动机冷启动排气处理系统以及处理方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100236225A1 (en) 2010-09-23
DE102007042409A1 (de) 2009-03-12
WO2009033911A1 (fr) 2009-03-19

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