EP2185455A1 - Système d'ascenseur avec dispositif de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension et procédé de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension - Google Patents

Système d'ascenseur avec dispositif de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension et procédé de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension

Info

Publication number
EP2185455A1
EP2185455A1 EP08786821A EP08786821A EP2185455A1 EP 2185455 A1 EP2185455 A1 EP 2185455A1 EP 08786821 A EP08786821 A EP 08786821A EP 08786821 A EP08786821 A EP 08786821A EP 2185455 A1 EP2185455 A1 EP 2185455A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
support means
suspension element
ultrasonic waves
elevator system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08786821A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Weinberger
Hans Kocher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP08786821A priority Critical patent/EP2185455A1/fr
Publication of EP2185455A1 publication Critical patent/EP2185455A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
    • B66B7/1207—Checking means
    • B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elevator system with an elevator car, a suspension device and a detection device for detecting a state of the suspension element and a method for detecting this state.
  • An elevator car is moved in an elevator shaft or along freestanding guide means by a power transmission means, i. raised or lowered.
  • a power transmission means i. raised or lowered.
  • the weight of the elevator car can be partially compensated by a counterweight, which is coupled to the elevator car via a coupling means.
  • Power transmission and coupling means may be formed separately.
  • the pulling force for lifting or lowering the elevator car is transmitted via the same transmission means with which the elevator car is also coupled to the counterweight.
  • Both such separate transmission or coupling means and those transmission means which serve both for holding and moving an elevator car are hereinafter referred to uniformly as suspension means.
  • bare steel cables are used as suspension elements in elevator systems.
  • the support means are subject in use a certain wear.
  • load peaks, vibrations or mechanical or thermal loads can lead to damage and thus to a weakening of the suspension element.
  • the condition of the suspension element should be detected and checked non-destructively. For this purpose, for example, a visual inspection is known, however, is both expensive and unreliable.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to address an elevator system with a detection device or a method for easy and reliable detection of a state of the support means.
  • An elevator system comprises an elevator car and a suspension means for holding and / or moving the elevator car.
  • the suspension element can be guided from a first cable hinge point via one or more deflection elements, in particular deflection rollers, at least one drive roller to a second cable hinge point, wherein the elevator car and preferably a counterweight are attached to deflecting elements such that the elevator car and the counterweight by rotation of the drive roller that with a prime mover of the
  • Elevator system are connected and at least partially wrapped by the support means are raised or lowered in opposite directions.
  • the suspension element can also be fixed at one end to the elevator car and / or at another end to the counterweight.
  • this support means comprises one or more support straps with tension members, which essentially comprise the support straps
  • the tensile carriers can be made of single or multiple stranded strands of steel or aramid, but also be made of a different material.
  • the support belt body may consist of a plastic, a fabric or the like.
  • an elevator system further comprises a detection device for detecting a state of the suspension element, which comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for generating and coupling ultrasonic waves into the suspension element or for generating ultrasonic waves in the suspension element and an ultrasonic receiver for detecting ultrasonic waves of the suspension element.
  • a detection device for detecting a state of the suspension element, which comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for generating and coupling ultrasonic waves into the suspension element or for generating ultrasonic waves in the suspension element and an ultrasonic receiver for detecting ultrasonic waves of the suspension element.
  • Ultrasonic waves allow easy detection of a state of the suspension element.
  • a material state, in particular a state of wear or damage, of the suspension element can be detected by these ultrasonic waves.
  • the transit times that require the ultrasonic waves in the suspension the
  • Defects and / or the material thickness can further a strength state of the
  • a state of stress of the support means can be detected. If a state of wear and / or damage exceeds predetermined limit values and / or if a strength state falls below admissible minimum values, the suspension element must be replaced.
  • the ultrasonic waves thus also enable the detection of a change state of the suspension element, in detail, the assessment of whether the support means must be replaced or not.
  • the ultrasonic waves can equally be coupled as longitudinal or transverse waves, as surface waves, shear waves or bulk waves, directly into the suspension element or generated directly in the suspension element.
  • the ultrasonic waves can equally be present as continuous or impulsive sound. While continuous sound allows easier control of the ultrasonic transmitter, pulsed sound reduces the energy required to generate the ultrasonic waves and reduces the mutual influence of coupled and reflected ultrasonic waves.
  • the coupling or the generation of ultrasonic waves is not directly in the support means but indirectly in an axis of a deflection or drive roller, which is at least partially wrapped by the support means.
  • the ultrasonic receiver is arranged to accept ultrasonic waves capture, which propagate transversely to the longitudinal direction of the support means in the support means and / or in the axis of the deflection or drive roller.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver each comprise at least one piezoelectric crystal which directly or indirectly couples to at least one surface of the suspension element.
  • the control of the ultrasonic transmitter is effected by applying a time-varying electrical voltage, which deforms the piezoelectric crystal.
  • the piezoelectric crystal impresses ultrasonic waves on the suspension element, which are forwarded as mechanical waves on its surface or in its interior.
  • the ultrasonic receiver also comprises a piezoelectric crystal which directly or indirectly couples to at least one surface of the suspension element.
  • Ultrasonic waves in the suspension element thus cause a mechanical deformation of the piezoelectric crystal, which then reacts with a tappable electrical voltage.
  • the voltage change can be fed to an evaluation device, which thus detects the ultrasonic waves.
  • the piezoelectric crystals allow a simple and precise detection of ultrasonic waves.
  • an ultrasonic transmitter or ultrasonic receiver based on a piezoelectric transducer allows a simple and reliable inspection of the support means, which is not disturbed by magnetic fields, such as can cause a prime mover or control of the elevator system. Furthermore, they are not affected by static charges or the like. With them on the review of suspension components is possible in which only a small magnetic flux occurs.
  • the ultrasound transmitter and the ultrasound receiver each comprise at least one electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasound transducer (EMAT).
  • EMAT electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasound transducer
  • An electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic waves by the Lorentz force and / or the magnetorestrictive effect in a solid, so that no coupling of ultrasonic waves in the solid body is necessary.
  • the solid can the suspension element itself and / or an axis of a deflection or drive roller, which is at least partially wrapped by the support means.
  • the electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasonic transducer is arranged at a small distance from the solid.
  • the control of the ultrasonic transmitter is effected for example by an electric current which is induced by an eddy current coil.
  • the ultrasound receiver also comprises an electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasound transducer, so that no decoupling of the ultrasound waves from the solid body is necessary.
  • the ultrasonic waves thus detected by the ultrasonic receiver can be tapped off as electric
  • the ultrasonic waves can be propagated in the support means spreading in the longitudinal direction of the support means in the support means or generated in the support means. This is preferably possible in fixed points of the suspension element in which the suspension element is attached inertially. If the support means, for example, at each of its two ends in each case inertially secured and guided in between over deflecting and driving rollers, so can the
  • Ultrasonic transmitter at one of the two ends of the support means may be arranged such that it engages in the longitudinal direction of the support means propagating ultrasonic waves in this or generated therein, wherein the ultrasonic receiver is arranged at the other of the two ends of the support means such that it is this Detected in the longitudinal direction of the support means in the support means propagating ultrasonic waves of the support means.
  • the ultrasound receiver can also be arranged together with the ultrasound transmitter at the same end of the suspension element and detect reflected ultrasonic waves of the suspension element propagating in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element in the suspension element.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter can also couple ultrasonic waves into the suspension element or generate it in the suspension element, which propagate in the width direction of the suspension element in the suspension element. This can preferably be done in areas in which the support means is guided. Accordingly, an ultrasonic receiver detects this in the width direction of the support means in the support means propagating ultrasonic waves of the suspension element. According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission of the ultrasonic waves, ie their transmission in the suspension means, detected. Defects, in particular defects or cracks in the material, for example, cause an energy decrease of the forwarded ultrasound and can therefore be generated by a comparison of the coupled into the support means or in the support means
  • Ultrasonic wave energy and the detected ultrasonic wave energy of the suspension element can be determined.
  • reflected ultra-sound waves of the suspension element are detected.
  • Ultrasonic waves are at least partially reflected at interfaces of the support means, in particular on its surfaces.
  • Ultrasonic waves are also at least partially reflected at impurities of the suspension element.
  • Such impurities also shift the frequencies of the ultrasonic waves.
  • the detection of the transit time, the energy decrease or a frequency difference between ultrasound waves coupled into the suspension element or generated in the suspension element and detected ultrasonic waves of the suspension element in an evaluation device also permits a thickness measurement of the suspension element and thus a check of its wear state. Because in a thinner suspension means forwarded ultrasonic waves require a shorter duration and lose less energy.
  • the frequency difference between ultrasonic waves coupled into the suspension element or generated in the suspension element and reflected ultrasonic waves of the suspension element also changes as a function of the material thickness.
  • the state of tension and deformation of the suspension element influences its transmission properties for ultrasonic waves.
  • the sound receiver detected ultrasonic waves as a function of the load acting on the support means.
  • This makes it possible to detect the load state of the suspension element on the basis of the ultrasonic waves, in particular thus to detect a belt tension.
  • an equilibrium strand of the suspension element is checked by means of ultrasonic waves, ie ultrasound transmitters and ultrasonic receivers are arranged on an equilibrium strand whose state of stress does not change or only slightly.
  • a first ultrasonic receiver detect ultrasonic waves, which are forwarded by the support means
  • a second ultrasonic receiver can simultaneously or alternately detect ultrasonic waves, which are reflected in the support means.
  • the coupling into the suspension element or the generation in the suspension element and / or the detection of the ultrasonic waves of the suspension element can be limited locally.
  • the state of the suspension element can be determined, for example, at significant, for example, particularly stressed points.
  • ultrasonic waves or ultrasound receivers which cover only a narrowly defined area can be moved manually or automatically over larger areas of the suspension element, thus sequentially detecting the condition of the suspension element in this larger area.
  • ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound receivers preferably cover a larger area, ie ultrasound waves are coupled into the suspension element and conducted over a larger area of the suspension element, preferably over the entire width or the entire length of the suspension element before the ultrasonic waves of the suspension element are detected .
  • Mixed forms are also possible such that an ultrasonic receiver receives the ultrasonic waves, which are coupled by different ultrasonic transmitters in the suspension means or generated in the suspension means or vice versa, that of an ultrasonic transmitter in the Tragstoff coupled or generated in the support means ultrasonic waves are detected by a plurality of spatially distributed ultrasonic receivers.
  • Detecting means for detecting the state of the suspension means may be formed as a mobile apparatus having a movable ultrasonic probe in which ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers are integrated.
  • ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers are integrated.
  • the ultrasound transmitter and / or the ultrasound receiver are preferably arranged stationarily on the suspension element in order to ensure a constant positioning to the suspension element and thus to improve the detection accuracy.
  • ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound receivers are preferably arranged such that during the movement of the elevator car, a part of the suspension element passes by the ultrasound transmitter or ultrasound receiver and thus enables a partial checking of the suspension element.
  • a detection device arranged stationarily on the suspension element, in a preferred embodiment it comprises a transmission device for transmitting at least one evaluation signal of the evaluation device, in which the ultrasonic waves detected by the ultrasonic receiver are evaluated, to a receiver which is mobile outside a hoistway, for example in a handheld device a maintenance personnel, or stationary, for example in a center of the elevator system, can be arranged.
  • a review of the suspension means can be done without maintenance personnel must climb into the elevator shaft.
  • the detection device can continuously detect the condition of the suspension element. Preferably, however, the check is only detected at predetermined time intervals and the result is transmitted via the transmission device. Additionally or alternatively, the detection device can also be activated remotely in order to carry out a check as required.
  • the transmission device comprises a receiver for receiving at least one triggering signal, which is output, for example, by a maintenance person through a mobile hand-held device or by the control center. is sent. If the receiver of the transmission device receives a triggering signal, the ultrasonic transmitter couples ultrasonic waves into the suspension element or generates ultrasonic waves in the daytime device which are detected by the ultrasonic receiver and evaluated by the evaluation device. At least one corresponding evaluation signal is then transmitted by the transmission device to the mobile receiver or the control center. This allows remote control of the suspension element.
  • Fig. 1 shows an elevator system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1 in a perspective partial section
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a support means of the elevator system according to
  • Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of a support means of the elevator system according to
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1 in cross section
  • FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1 in cross section
  • FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1 in cross section; 8 shows a first embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, ultrasonic waves being coupled over the entire length of the suspension element;
  • FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, wherein ultrasonic waves are coupled in the longitudinal direction of the suspension element;
  • FIG. 10 is a third embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a support means of the elevator system of Figure 1, wherein ultrasonic waves are coupled in the longitudinal direction of the support means ..;
  • FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, wherein
  • Ultrasonic waves are coupled in the longitudinal direction of the support means
  • FIG. 12 shows a fifth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, ultrasonic waves being coupled over the entire width of the suspension element;
  • FIG. 13 shows a sixth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, in which ultrasonic waves are coupled in the longitudinal and the width direction of the suspension element;
  • FIG. 14 shows a seventh embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, in which ultrasonic waves are coupled in the longitudinal and the width direction of the suspension element;
  • 15 shows an eighth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, wherein ultrasonic waves are coupled into the suspension element and reflected ultrasonic waves are detected;
  • FIG. 16 shows a ninth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, in which ultrasonic waves are coupled into the suspension element and reflected ultrasonic waves are detected;
  • FIG. 17 shows a tenth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, ultrasonic waves being coupled into the suspension element via a drive roller;
  • FIG. 18 shows an eleventh embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, ultrasonic waves being coupled into the suspension element via a deflection roller;
  • FIG. 19 shows a twelfth embodiment of a detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element of the elevator system according to FIG. 1, wherein ultrasonic waves are coupled into the suspension element via a deflection roller;
  • Fig. 20 shows a thirteenth embodiment of a detection device for
  • An elevator system comprises a in Fig. 2 to 7 in several embodiments shown in more detail support means 2 in the form of a support belt with at least one tension member 2.1 for the transmission of longitudinal forces, which are arranged in a support belt body 2.2 made of plastic.
  • the support means 2 is mounted inertially in a first fixed point 5.1, wherein an elastic, indicated by a spring suspension may be provided to compensate for load shocks. From there, the load means 2 is guided around a first deflection roller 6, on which a counterweight 3 hangs. From there, it is guided over at least one drive roller 7 further to two further deflection rollers 6 'and fixed inwardly with its other end in a second fixed point 5.2.
  • an elevator car 1 is attached. While the suspension element 2 wraps around the first deflection roller 6 and the drive roller 7 at an angle of approximately 180 °, the propellant 2 wraps around the further deflection rollers 6 'only at an angle of approximately 90 °. Further details of this 2: 1 suspension of the suspension element 2 are disclosed in the document WO03043922A1. Other embodiments of the suspension of the support means 2 are possible with knowledge of the present invention. Thus, a not shown 1: 1 suspension of the support means as disclosed in more detail WO03043926A1 possible in which the first and second fixed point of the support means are attached to the counterweight and to the elevator car.
  • a drive unit 4 can impose a torque on the deflection roller 7, which transmits frictionally corresponding longitudinal forces in the suspension element 2, which wraps around the drive roller 7 frictionally.
  • elevator car 1 and counterweight 3 can thus be raised or lowered in opposite directions.
  • FIGS. 2 to 20 are provided with xyz coordinates.
  • the width of the support means 2 extends in the x direction
  • the height of the support means 2 takes place in the z direction
  • the length of the support means 2 extends in the y direction.
  • the sides of the suspension element 2 extending in the x direction and y direction are referred to as broad sides
  • those in the y direction and z direction are referred to as longitudinal sides.
  • the plastic body 2.2 is formed on at least one broad side as a V-ribbed belt.
  • the broad side has V-ribbed surfaces, which are at different angles of 45 ° or 30 ° or even Extend 0 ° to the xy plane.
  • the plastic body 2.2 is designed to be flat or sinusoidal corrugated on its broad sides.
  • the flat broad side lies completely in the xy plane, the sinusoidally wavy broad side extends following the radius in the x-direction and in the y-direction.
  • the plastic body 2.2 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 is flat on a broad side and is fully in the xy plane.
  • the flat longitudinal sides of the plastic body 2.2 of the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 5 lie completely in the yz plane, while the sinusoidally corrugated longitudinal sides of the plastic body 2.2 of the embodiments according to FIGS. 6 and 7 follow the radius in the y-direction and extend in the z-direction.
  • the skilled person can of course use other embodiments of plastic bodies, not shown here, for example, he can use other angles and radii of the plastic body, he can also use a plastic body with a rectangular, square or round cross-section.
  • the plastic body 2.2 consists at least partially of polyurethane or EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene monomer) and optionally also partially of a nylon-based fabric. Of course, the use of other plastic materials is also possible.
  • the plastic body 2.2 encloses at least one tension member 2.1, which is arranged in a neutral phase of the suspension element 2.
  • Number and diameter of the tension members 2.1 per suspension element 2 vary. While thirteen or twelve tension members 2.1 are arranged in the plastic body 2.2 of the suspension element 2 in the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the suspension element 2 of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 has only four tension members 2.1, in that according to FIG. 5 only one tension member 2.1 and in that according to FIGS. 6 and 7, two tension members 2.1. in the plastic body 2.2.
  • the tension members 2.1 Consist of metal such as steel or plastic such as aramid.
  • the diameters of the tension members 2.1 can be 1, 5 to 12 mm.
  • Each tension member 2.1 consists of several single or multiple stranded strands and a variety of metal wires or plastic filaments. Further details on tension members are known from the documents EP1555234A1 and EP0672781A1.
  • the thickness-to-width ratio of the support means 2 also varies greatly. Accordingly, the support means 2 in the embodiments according to FIGS. 3, 6 and 7 are wider than thick, while the support means 2 of the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5 are as thick as they are wide or thicker than they are wide.
  • the deflection rollers 6, 6 'and the driving roller 7 have corresponding counter profiles (not shown) into which the V-ribs of the suspension element body 2.2 engage. This increases the traction capability of the drive roller 7 and improves the guidance of the propellant 2 on the deflection rollers 6, 6 'and the drive roller 7.
  • the support means 2 between the drive roller 7 and the other deflection rollers 6' is rotated about its longitudinal axis by 180 °, which is represented by a curved arrow. Further details of this embodiment are disclosed in document EP1550629A1.
  • the detection device for detecting a state of a suspension element 2 of the elevator system is explained in several embodiments according to FIGS. 8 to 20 in detail.
  • the detection device comprises an ultrasound transmitter 8.1, an ultrasound receiver 8.2 and an evaluation device 8.3.
  • both the ultrasound transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasound receiver 8.2 each have, for example, a piezoelectric transducer and / or an electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasound transducer.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are arranged directly on the suspension element 2, in the embodiments according to FIGS. 17 to 19 the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are arranged indirectly on the suspension element 2.
  • an electrical voltage (for example a sinusoidal alternating voltage) is impressed on the piezoelectric crystal of the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1, so that this piezoelectric crystal mechanically deforms.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the support means 2 are mechanically coupled to each other, so that the mechanical deformation of the piezoelectric crystal as ultrasonic waves 8 couple into the support means 2.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 pass through the suspension element 2 and reach the piezoelectric crystal of the ultrasonic receiver 8.2, which is located in mechanically deformed analog manner, which is tapped as electrical voltage.
  • ultrasonic waves are generated by the Lorentz force and / or the magnetorestrictive effect in a solid, such as the support means 2 or an axis of a guide rollers 6, 6 'and a drive roller 7, which is at least partially wrapped by the support means 2 .
  • the activation of the ultrasonic transmitter is effected, for example, by an electric current which is induced by an eddy current coil and the ultrasonic waves detected by the ultrasonic receiver can be tapped off as electric current.
  • the electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasonic transducer While the ultrasonic waves 8 are generated in the piezoelectric crystal of the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and coupled via a mechanical coupling in the support means 2, the electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasonic transducer generates the ultrasonic waves directly in the support means 2, so that no mechanical coupling is necessary.
  • the electromagnetic-acoustic ultrasonic transducer is arranged at a small distance from the solid.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 can equally be coupled as longitudinal or transverse waves, as surface waves, shear waves or bulk waves, into the suspension element 2 or generated in the suspension element 2. They can be coupled or generated equally as continuous or impulse sound. While a coupling as a continuous sound allows easier control of the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1, the coupling as impulse noise reduces the energy required to generate the ultrasonic waves and reduces the mutual influence of coupled ultrasonic waves and reflected ultrasonic waves 8 '. A typical pulse repetition rate is 100Hz. For a good coupling or for a good detection of the ultrasonic waves 8, 8 ', the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are clamped mechanically firmly against the suspension element 2.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter generates ultrasonic waves 8 in the frequency range from 20 kHz to 1 GHz, which are coupled into the suspension element 2 or generated in the suspension element 2.
  • An advantageous frequency of ultrasonic waves 8, 8 ' is 75 kHz, in the severed steel wires of a suspension element 2 in the Embodiment according to FIG. 2 are detected both in longitudinal transmission and in breadth.
  • Ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are connected via signal lines with an evaluation 8.3, which the impressed electrical
  • the at least one output signal of the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 is amplified and processed by suitable means and can be displayed on a screen of an oscilloscope and printed by a printer and stored in a digital memory as a digital file.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 are partially absorbed or reflected. This reduces the energy of the forwarded ultrasonic waves 8.
  • a material state, in particular a damage state, of the suspension element 2 can thus be detected.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 is activated at regular intervals and stored the energy decreases between coupled and detected ultrasonic waves 8, 8 'in the various measurements. With increasing impurities increases the
  • the evaluation device 8.3 transmits at least one evaluation signal to a control center and thus automatically requests a more accurate check of the suspension element 2, for example by means of X-ray radiation.
  • the support means 2 expands depending on the load of the elevator car. Accordingly, the duration of the ultrasonic waves 8, which require them to change from the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 to the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 changes. By comparing the times between coupling the ultrasonic waves 8 and their detection can thus be detected on the elongation of the support means 2 and thus its state of stress.
  • ultrasound transmitters 8.1 and ultrasound receivers 8.2 are arranged on the suspension element 2 and the ultrasound waves 8 pass through in the longitudinal direction (y direction) a length l, l 'of the suspension element 2.
  • a total longitudinal transmission or a partial longitudinal transmission of the transmission element 2 can be achieved
  • Carrying means 2 take place.
  • the entire length I of the suspension element 2 between the two fixed points 5.1, 5.2 is subjected to ultrasonic waves 8.
  • the entire length l of the suspension element 2 is, for example, 36 m.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are mounted on the front side of the suspension element 2.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 is stationary in the first fixed point 5.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 is stationarily arranged in the second fixed point 5.2.
  • the ultrasound receiver 8.2 is arranged stationarily in the second fixed point 5.2 and the ultrasound transmitter 8.1 is arranged mobile on a broad side on the suspension element 2.
  • 10 and 11 show embodiments where the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the
  • Ultrasonic receiver 8.2 mobile on the same broad sides (Fig. 10) or on different broad sides (Fig. 11) of the support means 2 are arranged.
  • the skilled person can of course realize other, not shown embodiments. So he can in a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 9, the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 stationary in the first
  • ultrasonic waves 8 pass through the suspension element 2 in the width direction (x direction) over a width w, w 'of the suspension element 2. In this case, a total width transmission or a partial width transmission of the suspension element 2 can take place.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and / or the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are arranged either stationary or mobile on the suspension element 2. Referring to Figures 12 and 15, the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are arranged on the same longitudinal sides ( Figure 15) or on different longitudinal sides ( Figure 12).
  • the support means 2 coupled ultrasonic waves 8 are reflected not only on the longitudinal and broad sides of the support means 2, but also to any defects within the suspension means 2 and in particular in impurities within the tension members 2.1.
  • the transit time of the coupled-in and detected ultrasonic waves 8 is shortened in surface regions under which such defects are present.
  • the evaluation device 8.3 can therefore detect imperfections and thus a material condition of the suspension element 2.
  • the entire width w of the support means 2 is checked, ie the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 coupled over the entire width w of the support means 2 ultrasonic waves 8 in the support means 2, which are detected by the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 and locally dissolved.
  • different transit times over the width w of the support means 2 can be detected in the evaluation device 8.3, which provide information about locally different defects, in particular in the tension carriers 2.1, but also in the interior of the plastic body 2.2.
  • ultrasonic waves 8 pass through the suspension element 2 in the longitudinal and width directions in the xy plane over a length l 'and a width w'.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and / or the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are arranged either stationary or mobile on the same broad sides (FIG. 13) or on different broad sides (FIG. 14) of the suspension element 2.
  • Ultrasonic receiver 8.2 arranged on the same longitudinal side of the support means 2. From the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 in the support means 2 coupled ultrasonic waves. 8 are reflected in the suspension element 2 and these reflected ultrasonic waves 8 'are detected by the ultrasonic receiver 8.2.
  • the ultrasound transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasound receiver 8.2 are arranged on the same broad side of the suspension element 2 and pass through the thickness d of the suspension element 2.
  • Ultrasonic waves 8 coupled into the suspension element 2 by the ultrasound transmitter 8.1 or in the suspension element 2 are reflected in the suspension element 2 and these reflected ultrasonic waves 8 'are detected by the ultrasonic receiver 8.2.
  • the thickness of the support means 2 decreases.
  • the evaluation 8.3 can determine from this a decrease in the thickness of the material and thus a state of wear of the support means 2.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and the ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are resiliently biased against the support means 2.
  • a stationarily fixed ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are clamped against an end face of an axis 6.1 of a deflection roller 6 or an axis 7.1 of a drive roller 7 or axle 6.1 'of a deflection roller 6'.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 couples ultrasonic waves 8 in the longitudinal direction of the axis 6.1, 6.1 ', 7.1 or generates ultrasonic waves 8 in the longitudinal direction of the axis 6.1, 6.1', 7.1.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 propagate from the axis 6.1, 6.1 ', 7.1 into a roller body 6.2, 6.2' or a drive roller body 7.2.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 are reflected on the support means 2 and the reflected ultrasonic waves 8 'are detected by the ultrasonic receiver 8.2.
  • a stationarily fixed ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and ultrasonic receiver 8.2 are disposed against a longitudinal side of an axis 6.1 of a deflection roller 6 or an axis 7.1 of a drive roller 7.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 couples ultrasonic waves 8 into the axis 6.1, 7.1 or generates ultrasonic waves 8 in the axis 6.1, 7.1.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 propagate from the axis 6.1, 7.1 in the roller body 6.2 and the drive roller body 7.2.
  • the ultrasonic waves 8 are reflected on the support means 2 and the reflected ultrasonic waves 8 'are detected by the ultrasonic receiver 8.2.
  • the state of the support means 2 can be detected periodically and automatically reported to the control center, if a more accurate examination is required.
  • the detection device with stationarily mounted ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and ultrasonic receiver 8.2 can remotely trigger a measurement.
  • a mobile receiver or a control center 9 transmits at least one trigger signal 9.1 to the evaluation device 8.3 in which a corresponding receiver receives the trigger signal 9.1, then activates the ultrasonic transmitter 8.1 and ultrasonic receiver 8.2 and at least one evaluation signal 8.4 , For example, based on the duration of the ultrasonic waves 8, 8 'to the mobile receiver or the control unit 9 returns.
  • the transmission of the trigger signal 9.1 and the evaluation signal 8.4 via landline or as shown by way of example in Fig. 20, by radio.
  • suspension means comprising a plurality of support straps, other support means guides and other ultrasonic transmitter or ultrasonic receiver possible.

Landscapes

  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'ascenseur comportant une cabine d'ascenseur (1), un moyen de suspension (2) porter et/ou déplacer la cabine d'ascenseur (1), et un dispositif de détection (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) pour détecter un état du moyen de suspension (2). À cet effet, le dispositif de détection (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) comprend un émetteur à ultrasons (8.1) pour la production et le couplage d'ondes d'ultrasons (8) pénétrant dans le moyen de suspension (2) ou pour la production d'ondes d'ultrasons (8) à l'intérieur du moyen de suspension (2), et un récepteur à ultrasons (8.2) pour la détection d'ondes d'ultrasons (8, 8') du moyen de suspension (2).
EP08786821A 2007-08-17 2008-08-04 Système d'ascenseur avec dispositif de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension et procédé de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension Withdrawn EP2185455A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08786821A EP2185455A1 (fr) 2007-08-17 2008-08-04 Système d'ascenseur avec dispositif de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension et procédé de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07114522 2007-08-17
PCT/EP2008/060208 WO2009024452A1 (fr) 2007-08-17 2008-08-04 Système d'ascenseur avec dispositif de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension et procédé de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension
EP08786821A EP2185455A1 (fr) 2007-08-17 2008-08-04 Système d'ascenseur avec dispositif de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension et procédé de détection de l'état d'un moyen de suspension

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2185455A1 true EP2185455A1 (fr) 2010-05-19

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Country Link
US (1) US20110192683A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2185455A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101778791A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009024452A1 (fr)

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WO2009024452A1 (fr) 2009-02-26
CN101778791A (zh) 2010-07-14

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