EP2176462B1 - Process for manufacturing a sheet material - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing a sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2176462B1
EP2176462B1 EP08827561A EP08827561A EP2176462B1 EP 2176462 B1 EP2176462 B1 EP 2176462B1 EP 08827561 A EP08827561 A EP 08827561A EP 08827561 A EP08827561 A EP 08827561A EP 2176462 B1 EP2176462 B1 EP 2176462B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ply
fact
jet
transparent element
zero thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08827561A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2176462A2 (en
Inventor
Michel Camus
Pierre Doublet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
Original Assignee
ArjoWiggins Security SAS
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Application filed by ArjoWiggins Security SAS filed Critical ArjoWiggins Security SAS
Publication of EP2176462A2 publication Critical patent/EP2176462A2/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F9/04—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the cylinder type
    • D21F9/043—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the cylinder type with immersed cylinder
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/32—Bleaching agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • D21H21/48—Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet material comprising at least one window, and a security document obtained by said method.
  • a bank note comprising a layer of paper within which is incorporated a security thread.
  • the paper layer has windows on the side revealing the security thread.
  • the windows can be made using a laser capable of removing material from the paper layer while leaving the security thread intact.
  • the windows may, alternatively, be made mechanically, by cutting or abrasion.
  • the sheets thus obtained have the disadvantage of having on their faces differences in thickness, in particular thicknesses at the level of the inserted strip, so that as long as the areas of reduced or zero thickness are one large area, the sheet becomes industrially difficult to handle. Indeed, in order to can store or transport the sheets, they are stacked in large quantities, so that the areas of reduced thickness are brought to overlap, which leads to an imbalance of the stack.
  • Requirement WO 2004/001130 discloses a method for producing a paper substrate comprising bringing a security thread into contact with a paper forming web, the fabric having reliefs for producing on the substrate windows through which an edge of the thread of security is visible.
  • This method is not suitable for incorporating into the paper substrate a safety wire having a relatively large width. Indeed, when incorporating a wide wire, visible defects such as a lack of material may appear on the surface of the paper layer.
  • a security paper comprising a fibrous layer having a window covered by a foil, the window being made by stamping the fibrous layer.
  • the dimensions and / or shape of the window depend on the punching tool used, which requires changing the tool if it is desired to form windows of different sizes and / or shapes.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a sheet material with a window comprising a security element, preferably quite large, and in particular having no significant extra thickness.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for producing a sheet material according to claim 1.
  • a sheet material is thus obtained whose structure comprises, in the superposition region of the elongate zone of zero thickness comprising an at least partially transparent element of the first jet and a recess of the second jet, a transparent window.
  • An advantage of the invention is that by inserting an at least partially transparent elongated element between the two still wet jets during the manufacture of the sheet material, the attachment of the at least partially transparent element to the sheet material is enhanced. and the risk of delamination of the structure is greatly diminished.
  • the fact that the at least partially transparent element is inserted during the formation of the sheet material and not after its manufacture makes reproduction of the sheet material particularly difficult, while reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the fibers comprise cellulose fibers.
  • the at least partially transparent element has a width greater than that of the elongated zone of zero thickness of the first jet, so that, when the element is inserted into the less partially transparent within the sheet material, two edges of said at least partially transparent elongated member are inserted between the two fibrous jets.
  • the elongated at least partially transparent element has a width 4 to 10 mm greater than that of the elongate zone of zero thickness in which it is arranged.
  • Each elongated zone of zero thickness of the first jet has a width preferably between 5 and 50 mm, more preferably between 10 and 25 mm.
  • Each at least partially transparent element has a width of preferably between 9 and 60 mm, more preferably between 14 and 35 mm.
  • the at least partially transparent element has a thickness of, for example, between 10 and 50 ⁇ m.
  • this element has the same thickness as that of the first jet so that the outer surface of the first jet is almost flat and has no significant extra thickness.
  • the first jet of the sheet has a thickness of 20 microns, and a continuous strip of the same thickness is disposed in the zone of zero thickness of the first jet.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that, the sheet material being composed of several jets, it is possible to adapt the thickness of the first jet to the thickness of the transparent element thus making it possible to obtain a flat sheet, whatever the choice of the thickness of the transparent element.
  • the at least partially transparent element comprises at least one security means.
  • the at least partially transparent element may comprise a device with variable optical effect, interferential, in particular iridescent and / or diffractive, with a liquid crystal, a lens system, a hologram, a magnetic, metallic or crystalline coating, fibers magnetic resonance tracers, detectable X-ray fluorescence tracers, biomarkers, a varnish or an ink, luminescent tracers, in particular fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and / or piezochromic and / or tribometric compounds and / or which change color in contact with one or more predetermined products, or any other similar security means.
  • At least one means for securing the at least partially transparent element is located exactly opposite a recess of the second jet. This gives a security sheet comprising at least one observable security means at a window. It is also envisaged that the at least partially transparent element comprises several securing means some of which are located opposite recesses of the second jet, and others are not.
  • the at least partially transparent element comprises at least one securing means situated opposite a recess of the second jet, and, at the level of the recess of the second jet, the total thickness of the element at less partially transparent is close to the thickness of the sheet material.
  • the at least partially transparent element has a thickness of 20 .mu.m with thicknesses of a thickness of 40 .mu.m in the recesses of the second jet, in which a securing means can be placed.
  • An advantage of the security sheet according to the invention is that its structure allows it to have devices which are of greater thickness than the foils generally used in transparent windows, such as chips or tactile devices.
  • the foils used usually have a thickness of the order of 5 to 10 microns, while chips or tactile devices may have thicknesses of 30 to 90 microns.
  • the at least partially transparent element may be, for example, a patch, or preferably a continuous band.
  • the at least partially transparent element may be a patch having the shape of a square 1.5 cm side.
  • the support of the at least partially transparent element is made of a synthetic material, for example a polyester film.
  • the elongate zone of zero thickness and the element at least partially transparent are rectangular in shape, have the same thickness and extend all along the first jet.
  • the at least partially transparent element is a continuous strip whose length corresponds to those of the elongated zone of zero thickness of the first jet and the width is 6 mm greater than that of the elongated zone of zero thickness, so that the elongated zone of zero thickness is fully compensated by the continuous band. In this way, it is advantageous to obtain a security sheet whose face corresponding to the first jet is flat.
  • the first jet comprises several elongated zones of zero thickness, parallel to each other and at least partially transparent elements located opposite each elongated zone of zero thickness, along the entire surface of the first jet so that the first jet is presented as a succession of fibrous bands and at least partially parallel transparent bands.
  • the first jet further comprises at least a lack of at least partial material, located in at least one fibrous region.
  • a first structured stream is obtained which is particularly difficult to imitate.
  • such a structure makes it possible, thanks to the presence of material shortcomings, to obtain tactile effects allowing recognition of the material to the touch.
  • the lack of material is partial, that is to say that, at these gaps, the thickness of the first jet is reduced. If necessary, if the thickness of the first jet is sufficiently reduced in terms of lack of material, the gaps allow to observe the second jet by transparency.
  • the lack of material is total, that is to say that, at these gaps, the thickness of the first jet is zero.
  • the lack of material makes it possible to directly observe the second jet.
  • the gaps may extend over the entire width of the fibrous region in which they are located.
  • the material gaps do not extend the full width of the fibrous region in which they are located.
  • the gaps may be of different shapes, for example geometric such as circular, triangular, square, rectangular or the like.
  • the recess of the second jet has a smaller width or equal to the width of the elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet.
  • the width of each recess of the second jet is at least 5 mm less than the width of the elongate zone of zero thickness of the corresponding first jet.
  • the first and / or second stream of the sheet material comprises at least one security element.
  • the security elements are placed in the thickest jet, preferably the second jet.
  • the first and / or second stream contains a watermark or security thread.
  • the second jet comprises security elements located opposite these gaps.
  • one of the jets can contain a wide security thread, that is to say whose width is greater than 2 mm, in particular between 2 and 10 mm, of preferably equal to about 3 mm, the zone of incorporation of this wire being covered by the other jet which thus masks the defects that the wire has created.
  • the recesses of the second jet may be of different geometric shapes, for example circular, rectangular, square, ovoid, triangular, hexagonal or the like. We can still consider that the recesses have the form of alphanumeric characters, symbols.
  • the second jet comprises a plurality of recesses arranged so as to form a code.
  • its total thickness may vary between 70 ⁇ m and 2 mm, preferably between 90 and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the first and second jets have equal thicknesses.
  • the first and second jets have different thicknesses.
  • the second jet having the recesses has a thickness greater than 60 microns, to avoid embrittlement of the second jet due to the presence of recesses, this jet must be relatively solid to support the first jet during the manufacture of the sheet material.
  • the first throw, consisting of strips of paper continuous can be finer.
  • the sheet material has a total thickness of 110 ⁇ m, the first jet being 25 ⁇ m thick and the second jet being 85 ⁇ m thick.
  • the second jet of the sheet material comprises at least one multitone watermark located opposite the at least partially transparent element appearing in an elongate region of zero thickness of the first jet.
  • a multiton watermark is composed of light areas, ie areas of thickness less than the thickness of the remainder of the sheet, arranged so as to form a raster pattern.
  • Such screened watermarks have been described in the patent application EP 1122360 .
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it makes it possible to increase the durability of a multitone effect watermark.
  • multitone watermarks are security elements that are very difficult to reproduce.
  • their implementation requires locally reducing the thickness of the paper sheet very importantly, which makes them sensitive to wear and generates the risk that the paper sheet is found. This risk is all the more important as documents comprising security sheets, such as banknotes, are likely to be very frequently handled.
  • the elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet is produced by suppressing the filtration of the suspension on at least one zone of the fabric of the first round shape or forming it.
  • the suppression of the filtration on the first round shape or on forming it is carried out by depositing masking zones on the perimeter of the first round shape or forming it.
  • these masking zones are made by means of masks made of an adhesive film, metal, an adhesive or a varnish.
  • the fabric of the first round shape or form is further provided with parts preventing filtration of the suspension so as to form total gaps in the fibrous material of the first jet.
  • the fabric of the first round shape or the form has embossments so as to form partial gaps in the fibrous material of the first jet.
  • the elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet is produced by removal of material by means of a jet of pressurized fluid, in particular a jet of water or water. air, on the first jet still wet, before its assembly with the second jet.
  • the recess of the second jet is made by embossing the fabric of the second round shape in relief, which prevents the deposition of fibrous material at the embossments.
  • the recesses by fixing on the fabric of the second round shape of parts preventing filtration, for example a piece of metal, in particular an electrotype (that is to say a metal plate, generally bronze), a piece of glue, or a piece of resin.
  • the shape of the piece will thus give the shape of the recess. It is envisaged to use pieces of different shapes to make recesses of different shapes.
  • the recesses can be made by removal of material by means of a projection of a jet of pressurized fluid, in particular a jet of water, on the second still wet jet, before being assembled with the first jet.
  • the first round shape or form, and the second round shape are synchronized so that the at least one recess of the second jet comes opposite the elongate zone of zero thickness.
  • the invention also relates to a security document obtained according to the method described above.
  • the invention relates to a means of payment such as a bank note or a check, an identity document such as an identity card, a driver's license, a passport page or a visa, or a title such as a title deed or diploma, or any other paper-based document requiring security, or secure packaging or a label.
  • the security document is such that the first jet comprises at least two security elements with respect to the least two recesses of the second jet, the two security elements being placed so as to be superimposed when the security document is folded, to form a security or additional information.
  • a first security element may be a lenticular network that will cover a second security element consisting of an invisible image, which will be revealed only during the superposition of the two security elements.
  • a first security element will be a polarized filter and a second security element will be liquid crystals, forming, for example, an image revealed by the filter.
  • the invention further relates to a sheet material according to claim 15.
  • the sheet material may have at least one of the features defined above.
  • the figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the different steps of an embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention.
  • a first jet 2 having elongated areas of zero thickness 4 is produced from an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers, by means of a first round shape R1 on the fabric of which are deposited masks M. in this way, the fibrous suspension is deposited only in the regions devoid of masks M.
  • a continuous strip of a transparent plastic 10 is inserted into the first jet at the level of the masks M, this continuous strip being wider than masks.
  • the first jet 2 thus formed is fed to a second round shape R2 in order to be deposited on the second fibrous jet 5 in formation.
  • the second jet 5 is formed on the fabric of the second round shape, on which elements have been fixed which prevent filtration of the suspension.
  • the elements are placed at marked positions such that they form recesses 6 in correspondence with the positions of the elongate zones of zero thickness 4 of the first jet 2. This gives a second wet jet 5 made of fibrous material having recesses 6 .
  • the first jet 2 is deposited on the second jet 5.
  • a sheet ticket is obtained, which can then receive a surface treatment or impregnation, for example by reinforcing the surface with PVA and / or resistance to soiling or even improvement of printability, in particular by means of a gluing press or an impregnator.
  • This sheet is then dried and wound according to usual procedures.
  • the figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a detail a step of an embodiment of the method according to the invention, wherein the first fibrous jet 2 is formed on a round machine R1.
  • a continuous strip made of a transparent plastic material is brought into contact with the first fibrous jet in formation 2.
  • the continuous strip 10 is placed in such a way that its center is situated at a mask M and its edges in contact with the fibers that are deposited. on areas devoid of the round shape R1.
  • the figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the first round shape R1 used in a method of manufacturing a sheet material 1 according to the invention, in the particular case where the first fibrous jet 2 of said sheet material 1 comprises elongated zones of zero thickness 4 and fibrous regions including total lacks of material.
  • the fabric T of the first round shape R1 comprises rectangular masks made of an adhesive film M, laid on so as to extend, at regular intervals, over the entire perimeter of the round shape R1.
  • the fiber suspension is not deposited, and the first fibrous jet 2 will have areas of zero thickness 4.
  • the first round shape R1 further comprises rectangular pieces in P metal deposited on the fabric T, between two adjacent masks M. These pieces P prevent filtration of the fiber suspension, and therefore of any fibrous deposition, so that the fibrous regions 3 of the first jet (2) have total material gaps.
  • the figure 4 and the figure 5 illustrate a sheet material obtained according to an embodiment of the method of the invention, the extra thicknesses in areas of zero thickness 4 have deliberately been exaggerated.
  • the sheet material 1 consists of two streams of fibrous material.
  • the first fibrous material jet (has an alternation of elongated zones of fibrous material 3 and elongated zones of zero thickness 4.
  • the second fibrous material jet 5 has a plurality of rectangular and / or circular recesses 6 located opposite a zone elongate zero thickness of the first jet 2.
  • strips 10 of a transparent plastic material for example a polyester, the edges of the strips 10 being inserted between the elongate areas of fibrous material of the first jet 3 and the second jet 5, and the center of the bands 10 appearing within the elongate zones of zero thickness of the first jet 4.
  • the first and second jets have different thicknesses, the first jet 2 having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m and the second jet having a thickness of 70 microns.
  • the second stream of fibrous material 5 has a plurality of circular recesses 6 facing an elongate zone of zero thickness 4 of the first jet 2.
  • the transparent strip 10 has the same thickness as the elongated zone of zero thickness 4 in which is inserted, so that the face of the sheet is almost flat.
  • the figure 6 illustrates a banknote 11 according to the invention, which comprises the sheet material shown in the figures 4 and 5 and a watermark 12 made in the second jet 5.

Abstract

A process for manufacturing a sheet material comprising at least two fibrous plies juxtaposed one on top of the other, including the following steps: a first paper ply is produced by filtration of an aqueous suspension of fibers on the wire cloth of a cylinder mold or of a former; a second paper ply is produced on the wire cloth of a second cylinder mold so as to form at least one recess in the second ply; at least one at least partially transparent element is placed between the two plies that are still wet; and the two plies are joined together so that said at least one recess of the second ply, the at least one at least partially transparent element and the at least one elongate region of zero thickness of the first ply are situated facing one another; then drying the obtained structure.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille comprenant au moins une fenêtre, ainsi qu'un document de sécurité obtenu par ledit procédé.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet material comprising at least one window, and a security document obtained by said method.

On connaît, dans l'état de la technique, différentes feuilles de sécurité pourvues de fenêtres traversantes ou non, permettant notamment d'observer un élément de sécurité placé au niveau de la fenêtre. Généralement ces fenêtres sont des ouvertures ménagées dans la feuille de sécurité et recouvertes d'un élément de sécurité partiellement transparent tel qu'un foil ou un patch, pouvant contenir un élément de sécurité.In the prior art are known various security sheets provided with through windows or not, in particular to observe a security element placed at the window. Generally these windows are openings in the security sheet and covered with a partially transparent security element such as a foil or a patch, which may contain a security element.

On connaît par le brevet GB 1 552 853 un billet de banque comprenant une couche de papier au sein de laquelle est incorporé un fil de sécurité. La couche de papier comporte des fenêtres en regard laissant apparaître le fil de sécurité. Les fenêtres peuvent être réalisées à l'aide d'un laser capable d'éliminer de la matière de la couche de papier tout en laissant le fil de sécurité intact. Les fenêtres peuvent, en variante, être réalisées de manière mécanique, par découpe ou abrasion.We know by the patent GB 1 552 853 a bank note comprising a layer of paper within which is incorporated a security thread. The paper layer has windows on the side revealing the security thread. The windows can be made using a laser capable of removing material from the paper layer while leaving the security thread intact. The windows may, alternatively, be made mechanically, by cutting or abrasion.

On connaît par la demande de brevet EP 229 645 un papier de sécurité comprenant deux jets de papier entre lesquels est interposé un fil de sécurité. Des trous sont réalisés sur l'un au moins des jets de papier à l'aide de reliefs sur la toile de formation de ce jet de papier.It is known from the patent application EP 229 645 a security paper comprising two jets of paper between which is interposed a security thread. Holes are made on at least one of the jets of paper using reliefs on the forming web of this paper jet.

On connaît également par la demande de brevet EP 0 687 324 , un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille de papier billet comportant au moins une région d'épaisseur réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille. On obtient ainsi une zone pratiquement transparente sans avoir à percer le papier dans cette zone.It is also known from the patent application EP 0 687 324 , a method of manufacturing a sheet of note paper having at least one region of reduced thickness relative to the thickness of the remainder of the sheet. This gives a virtually transparent area without having to pierce the paper in this area.

On connaît aussi par la demande WO 95/09274 une feuille de papier de sécurité, constituée de deux couches comportant chacune une zone d'épaisseur nulle en regard l'une de l'autre et d'une bande de matière transparente enrobée dans la feuille de papier, de sorte que la bande de matière transparente est en regard des zones d'épaisseur nulle. On obtient ainsi une fenêtre transparente.We also know by the request WO 95/09274 a sheet of security paper, consisting of two layers each having a zone of zero thickness facing one another and a strip of transparent material embedded in the sheet of paper, so that the strip of material transparent is next to areas of zero thickness. This gives a transparent window.

Toutefois, les feuilles ainsi obtenues ont l'inconvénient de présenter sur leurs faces des différences d'épaisseur, en particulier des surépaisseurs au niveau de la bande insérée, si bien que pour peu que les zones d'épaisseur réduite ou nulle soient d'une surface importante, la feuille devient industriellement malaisée à manipuler. En effet, afin de pouvoir stocker ou transporter les feuilles, on les empile en grande quantité, de sorte que les zones d'épaisseur réduites sont amenées à se superposer, ce qui conduit à un déséquilibre de la pile.However, the sheets thus obtained have the disadvantage of having on their faces differences in thickness, in particular thicknesses at the level of the inserted strip, so that as long as the areas of reduced or zero thickness are one large area, the sheet becomes industrially difficult to handle. Indeed, in order to can store or transport the sheets, they are stacked in large quantities, so that the areas of reduced thickness are brought to overlap, which leads to an imbalance of the stack.

La demande WO 2004/001130 décrit un procédé pour réaliser un substrat en papier consistant à amener, au contact d'une toile de formation du papier, un fil de sécurité, la toile présentant des reliefs permettant de réaliser sur le substrat des fenêtres à travers lesquelles un bord du fil de sécurité est visible. Ce procédé n'est pas adapté à l'incorporation dans le substrat en papier d'un fil de sécurité ayant une largeur relativement importante. En effet, lors de l'incorporation d'un fil large, des défauts visibles tels qu'un manque de matière peuvent apparaître à la surface de la couche de papier.Requirement WO 2004/001130 discloses a method for producing a paper substrate comprising bringing a security thread into contact with a paper forming web, the fabric having reliefs for producing on the substrate windows through which an edge of the thread of security is visible. This method is not suitable for incorporating into the paper substrate a safety wire having a relatively large width. Indeed, when incorporating a wide wire, visible defects such as a lack of material may appear on the surface of the paper layer.

On connaît également, par les demandes de brevet EP 0 860 298 et EP 0 625 431 , un procédé pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité dans lequel un fil de sécurité est incorporé au sein d'une première couche de papier selon la technique dite « window thread » décrite dans la demande de brevet EP 0 059 056 . Cette couche de papier comporte sur une face une pluralité de fenêtres laissant apparaître le fil de sécurité. Dans le cas où le fil de sécurité présente une largeur relativement importante, notamment supérieure à 2 mm, la première couche est alors assemblée avec une deuxième couche de papier afin de masquer le ou les défauts.It is also known, by patent applications EP 0 860 298 and EP 0 625 431 , a method for manufacturing a security paper in which a security thread is incorporated within a first layer of paper according to the so-called " window thread " technique described in the patent application EP 0 059 056 . This paper layer has on one side a plurality of windows revealing the security thread. In the case where the security thread has a relatively large width, especially greater than 2 mm, the first layer is then assembled with a second layer of paper to hide the defect (s).

On connaît par ailleurs, par le brevet US 6 428 051 , un papier de sécurité comprenant une couche fibreuse présentant une fenêtre recouverte par un foil, la fenêtre étant réalisée par emboutissage de la couche fibreuse. Les dimensions et/ou la forme de la fenêtre dépendent de l'outil de poinçonnage utilisé, ce qui nécessite le changement de l'outil si l'on souhaite former des fenêtres de dimensions et/ou de formes différentes.It is also known, by the patent US 6,428,051 , a security paper comprising a fibrous layer having a window covered by a foil, the window being made by stamping the fibrous layer. The dimensions and / or shape of the window depend on the punching tool used, which requires changing the tool if it is desired to form windows of different sizes and / or shapes.

On connaît par la demande DE 10 2005 045 566 un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille comportant deux jets de papier, l'un pouvant présenter une zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle dans laquelle est placée un élément de sécurité et l'autre pouvant présenter un ou plusieurs évidements.We know by the request DE 10 2005 045 566 a method of manufacturing a sheet having two jets of paper, one may have an elongated area of zero thickness in which is placed a security element and the other may have one or more recesses.

On connaît également par la demande FR 2 891 761 un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille comportant deux couches de papier présentant des fenêtres réalisées par projection d'au moins un jet de fluide sous pression après réunion des deux jets de papier.We also know by the request FR 2 891 761 a method of manufacturing a sheet material having two layers of paper having windows made by projecting at least one jet of pressurized fluid after joining the two jets of paper.

On connaît en outre par les demandes WO 00/39391 et WO 2005/0512249 des procédés de formation d'une feuille de papier faite d'un seul jet sur une seule forme ronde.In addition, the applications WO 00/39391 and WO 2005/0512249 methods of forming a paper sheet made of a single jet on a single round shape.

Un but de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé permettant d'obtenir un matériau en feuille avec une fenêtre comprenant un élément de sécurité, de préférence assez large, et notamment ne présentant pas de surépaisseur notable.An object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a sheet material with a window comprising a security element, preferably quite large, and in particular having no significant extra thickness.

Ainsi, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille selon la revendication 1.Thus, the subject of the invention is a process for producing a sheet material according to claim 1.

On obtient ainsi un matériau en feuille dont la structure comporte, dans la région de superposition de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle comportant un élément au moins partiellement transparent du premier jet et un évidement du deuxième jet, une fenêtre transparente.A sheet material is thus obtained whose structure comprises, in the superposition region of the elongate zone of zero thickness comprising an at least partially transparent element of the first jet and a recess of the second jet, a transparent window.

Un avantage de l'invention est qu'en insérant un élément allongé au moins partiellement transparent entre les deux jets encore humides durant la fabrication du matériau en feuille, la fixation de l'élément au moins partiellement transparent avec le matériau en feuille est renforcée, et les risques de délamination de la structure sont fortement diminués. De plus, le fait d'insérer l'élément au moins partiellement transparent durant la formation du matériau en feuille et non après sa fabrication rend la reproduction du matériau en feuille particulièrement difficile, tout en réduisant les coûts de fabrication.An advantage of the invention is that by inserting an at least partially transparent elongated element between the two still wet jets during the manufacture of the sheet material, the attachment of the at least partially transparent element to the sheet material is enhanced. and the risk of delamination of the structure is greatly diminished. In addition, the fact that the at least partially transparent element is inserted during the formation of the sheet material and not after its manufacture makes reproduction of the sheet material particularly difficult, while reducing manufacturing costs.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, les fibres comprennent des fibres de cellulose.According to one embodiment of the invention, the fibers comprise cellulose fibers.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent présente une largeur supérieure à celle de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet, de sorte que, lors de l'insertion de l'élément au moins partiellement transparent au sein du matériau en feuille, deux bords dudit élément allongé au moins partiellement transparent soient insérés entre les deux jets fibreux. De préférence, l'élément allongé au moins partiellement transparent présente une largeur supérieure de 4 à 10 mm à celle de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle dans laquelle il est disposé.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least partially transparent element has a width greater than that of the elongated zone of zero thickness of the first jet, so that, when the element is inserted into the less partially transparent within the sheet material, two edges of said at least partially transparent elongated member are inserted between the two fibrous jets. Preferably, the elongated at least partially transparent element has a width 4 to 10 mm greater than that of the elongate zone of zero thickness in which it is arranged.

Chaque zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet présente une largeur comprise de préférence entre 5 et 50 mm, de préférence encore entre 10 et 25 mm.Each elongated zone of zero thickness of the first jet has a width preferably between 5 and 50 mm, more preferably between 10 and 25 mm.

Chaque élément au moins partiellement transparent présente une largeur comprise de préférence entre 9 et 60 mm, de préférence encore entre 14 et 35 mm.Each at least partially transparent element has a width of preferably between 9 and 60 mm, more preferably between 14 and 35 mm.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent présente une épaisseur comprise par exemple entre 10 et 50 µm. Avantageusement, cet élément présente la même épaisseur que celle du premier jet de sorte que la surface extérieure du premier jet est quasiment plane et ne présente pas de surépaisseur notable. Par exemple, le premier jet de la feuille a une épaisseur de 20 µm, et une bande continue de même épaisseur est disposée dans la zone d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet.According to one embodiment of the invention, the at least partially transparent element has a thickness of, for example, between 10 and 50 μm. Advantageously, this element has the same thickness as that of the first jet so that the outer surface of the first jet is almost flat and has no significant extra thickness. For example, the first jet of the sheet has a thickness of 20 microns, and a continuous strip of the same thickness is disposed in the zone of zero thickness of the first jet.

Par rapport aux feuilles de sécurité monojet de l'art antérieur, le procédé selon l'invention présente l'avantage que, le matériau en feuille étant composé de plusieurs jets, on peut adapter l'épaisseur du premier jet à l'épaisseur de l'élément transparent permettant ainsi obtenir une feuille plane, quel que soit le choix de l'épaisseur de l'élément transparent.Compared to the single-jet safety sheets of the prior art, the method according to the invention has the advantage that, the sheet material being composed of several jets, it is possible to adapt the thickness of the first jet to the thickness of the transparent element thus making it possible to obtain a flat sheet, whatever the choice of the thickness of the transparent element.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux de l'invention, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent comprend au moins un moyen de sécurisation. En particulier, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent peut comprendre un dispositif à effet optique variable, interférentiel en particulier iridescent et/ou diffractif, à cristaux liquides, un système de lentilles, un hologramme, un revêtement magnétique, métallique ou cristallin, des fibres magnétiques, des traceurs détectables par résonance magnétique, des traceurs détectables par fluorescence X, des biomarqueurs, un vernis ou une encre, des traceurs luminescents, en particulier fluorescents, des composés photochromiques, thermochromiques, électroluminescents et/ou piézochromiques et/ou tribométriques et/ou qui changent de couleur au contact d'un ou de plusieurs produits prédéterminés, ou tout autre moyen de sécurisation similaire.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least partially transparent element comprises at least one security means. In particular, the at least partially transparent element may comprise a device with variable optical effect, interferential, in particular iridescent and / or diffractive, with a liquid crystal, a lens system, a hologram, a magnetic, metallic or crystalline coating, fibers magnetic resonance tracers, detectable X-ray fluorescence tracers, biomarkers, a varnish or an ink, luminescent tracers, in particular fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and / or piezochromic and / or tribometric compounds and / or which change color in contact with one or more predetermined products, or any other similar security means.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, au moins un moyen de sécurisation de l'élément au moins partiellement transparent est situé exactement en regard d'un évidement du second jet. On obtient ainsi une feuille de sécurité comprenant au moins un moyen de sécurisation observable au niveau d'une fenêtre. Il est également envisagé que l'élément au moins partiellement transparent comprenne plusieurs moyens de sécurisation dont certains seulement sont situés en regard d'évidements du second jet, et d'autres ne le sont pas.According to a particular embodiment, at least one means for securing the at least partially transparent element is located exactly opposite a recess of the second jet. This gives a security sheet comprising at least one observable security means at a window. It is also envisaged that the at least partially transparent element comprises several securing means some of which are located opposite recesses of the second jet, and others are not.

Dans un exemple, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent comprend au moins un moyen de sécurisation situé en regard d'un évidement du second jet, et, au niveau de l'évidemment du second jet, l'épaisseur totale de l'élément au moins partiellement transparent est proche de l'épaisseur du matériau en feuille. Par exemple, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent présente une épaisseur de 20 µm avec des surépaisseurs d'une épaisseur de 40 µm au niveau des évidements du second jet, dans lesquelles on peut placer un moyen de sécurisation.In one example, the at least partially transparent element comprises at least one securing means situated opposite a recess of the second jet, and, at the level of the recess of the second jet, the total thickness of the element at less partially transparent is close to the thickness of the sheet material. For example, the at least partially transparent element has a thickness of 20 .mu.m with thicknesses of a thickness of 40 .mu.m in the recesses of the second jet, in which a securing means can be placed.

Un avantage de la feuille de sécurité selon l'invention, est que sa structure lui permet de comporter des dispositifs qui sont d'épaisseur plus élevée que les foils généralement utilisés dans les fenêtres transparentes, tels que des puces ou des dispositifs tactiles. En effet, les foils utilisés habituellement ont une épaisseur de l'ordre de 5 à 10 µm, alors que des puces ou des dispositifs tactiles peuvent avoir des épaisseurs de 30 à 90 µm.An advantage of the security sheet according to the invention is that its structure allows it to have devices which are of greater thickness than the foils generally used in transparent windows, such as chips or tactile devices. Indeed, the foils used usually have a thickness of the order of 5 to 10 microns, while chips or tactile devices may have thicknesses of 30 to 90 microns.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent peut être, par exemple, un patch, ou de préférence une bande continue.According to one embodiment of the invention, the at least partially transparent element may be, for example, a patch, or preferably a continuous band.

Par "patch" on entend ici un élément plan présentant des dimensions réduites, c'est à dire très inférieures à celles du support sur lequel il est apposé, notamment de forme carrée, ronde ou ovale. Par exemple, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent peut se présenter comme un patch ayant la forme d'un carré de 1,5 cm de côté.By "patch" is meant here a planar element having reduced dimensions, that is to say much smaller than those of the support on which it is affixed, in particular of square, round or oval shape. For example, the at least partially transparent element may be a patch having the shape of a square 1.5 cm side.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le support de l'élément au moins partiellement transparent est en un matériau synthétique, par exemple un film en polyester. De préférence, la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle et l'élément au moins partiellement transparent sont de forme rectangulaire, présentent la même épaisseur et s'étendent tout le long du premier jet. Par exemple, l'élément au moins partiellement transparent est une bande continue dont la longueur correspond à celles de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet et la largeur est supérieure de 6 mm à celle de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle, de sorte que la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle est entièrement compensée par la bande continue. De cette manière, on obtient avantageusement une feuille de sécurité dont la face correspondant au premier jet est plane. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le premier jet comporte plusieurs zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle, parallèles les unes aux autres et des éléments au moins partiellement transparents situés en regard de chaque zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle, selon toute la surface du premier jet de sorte que le premier jet se présente comme une succession de bandes fibreuses et de bandes au moins partiellement transparentes parallèles.According to one embodiment of the invention, the support of the at least partially transparent element is made of a synthetic material, for example a polyester film. Preferably, the elongate zone of zero thickness and the element at least partially transparent are rectangular in shape, have the same thickness and extend all along the first jet. For example, the at least partially transparent element is a continuous strip whose length corresponds to those of the elongated zone of zero thickness of the first jet and the width is 6 mm greater than that of the elongated zone of zero thickness, so that the elongated zone of zero thickness is fully compensated by the continuous band. In this way, it is advantageous to obtain a security sheet whose face corresponding to the first jet is flat. According to a preferred embodiment, the first jet comprises several elongated zones of zero thickness, parallel to each other and at least partially transparent elements located opposite each elongated zone of zero thickness, along the entire surface of the first jet so that the first jet is presented as a succession of fibrous bands and at least partially parallel transparent bands.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le premier jet comprend en outre au moins un manque de matière au moins partiel, situé dans au moins une région fibreuse. De cette manière, on obtient un premier jet structuré particulièrement difficile à imiter. De plus, une telle structure permet, grâce à la présence des manques de matière, d'obtenir des effets tactiles permettant une reconnaissance du matériau au toucher.According to another embodiment of the invention, the first jet further comprises at least a lack of at least partial material, located in at least one fibrous region. In this way, a first structured stream is obtained which is particularly difficult to imitate. In addition, such a structure makes it possible, thanks to the presence of material shortcomings, to obtain tactile effects allowing recognition of the material to the touch.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les manques de matière sont partiels, c'est à dire que, au niveau de ces manques, l'épaisseur du premier jet est réduite. Le cas échéant, si l'épaisseur du premier jet est suffisamment réduite au niveau des manques de matière, les manques permettent d'observer le second jet par transparence.According to one embodiment, the lack of material is partial, that is to say that, at these gaps, the thickness of the first jet is reduced. If necessary, if the thickness of the first jet is sufficiently reduced in terms of lack of material, the gaps allow to observe the second jet by transparency.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les manques de matière sont totaux, c'est-à-dire que, au niveau de ces manques, l'épaisseur du premier jet est nulle. Dans ce cas particulier, les manques de matière permettent d'observer directement le second jet.According to another embodiment, the lack of material is total, that is to say that, at these gaps, the thickness of the first jet is zero. In this particular case, the lack of material makes it possible to directly observe the second jet.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les manques peuvent s'étendre sur toute la largeur de la région fibreuse dans laquelle ils sont situés.According to one embodiment, the gaps may extend over the entire width of the fibrous region in which they are located.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, les manques de matière ne s'étendent pas sur toute la largeur de la région fibreuse dans laquelle ils se situent.In another embodiment, the material gaps do not extend the full width of the fibrous region in which they are located.

Les manques peuvent être de différentes formes, par exemple géométrique telle que circulaire, triangulaire, carrée, rectangulaire ou similaire.The gaps may be of different shapes, for example geometric such as circular, triangular, square, rectangular or the like.

De préférence, et afin d'assurer une bonne solidité et une bonne cohésion de la structure du matériau en feuille, l'évidement du second jet présente une largeur inférieure ou égale à la largeur de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet. De préférence, la largeur de chaque évidement du second jet est inférieure d'au moins 5 mm à la largeur de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet correspondante.Preferably, and in order to ensure a good solidity and a good cohesion of the structure of the sheet material, the recess of the second jet has a smaller width or equal to the width of the elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet. Preferably, the width of each recess of the second jet is at least 5 mm less than the width of the elongate zone of zero thickness of the corresponding first jet.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, et afin d'augmenter son niveau de sécurisation, le premier et/ou le second jet du matériau en feuille comprend au moins un élément de sécurité. Avantageusement, les éléments de sécurité sont placés dans le jet le plus épais, de préférence le deuxième jet. Par exemple le premier et/ou le second jet contient un filigrane ou un fil de sécurité.According to one embodiment of the invention, and in order to increase its level of security, the first and / or second stream of the sheet material comprises at least one security element. Advantageously, the security elements are placed in the thickest jet, preferably the second jet. For example, the first and / or second stream contains a watermark or security thread.

Dans le mode de réalisation où les régions fibreuses du premier jet comprennent des manques, il est particulièrement avantageux que le second jet comprenne des éléments de sécurité situés en regard de ces manques.In the embodiment where the fibrous regions of the first jet include gaps, it is particularly advantageous that the second jet comprises security elements located opposite these gaps.

Un des avantages de l'invention est que selon un mode de réalisation particulier, un des jets peut contenir un fil de sécurité large, c'est à dire dont la largeur est supérieure à 2 mm, notamment comprise entre 2 et 10 mm, de préférence égale à environ 3 mm, la zone d'incorporation de ce fil étant recouverte par l'autre jet qui masque ainsi les défauts que le fil a crées.One of the advantages of the invention is that according to a particular embodiment, one of the jets can contain a wide security thread, that is to say whose width is greater than 2 mm, in particular between 2 and 10 mm, of preferably equal to about 3 mm, the zone of incorporation of this wire being covered by the other jet which thus masks the defects that the wire has created.

Les évidements du second jet peuvent être de différentes formes géométriques, par exemple de forme circulaire, rectangulaire, carrée, ovoïde, triangulaire, hexagonale ou similaire. On peut encore envisager que les évidements aient la forme de caractères alphanumériques, de symboles.The recesses of the second jet may be of different geometric shapes, for example circular, rectangular, square, ovoid, triangular, hexagonal or the like. We can still consider that the recesses have the form of alphanumeric characters, symbols.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le second jet comprend plusieurs évidements agencés de façon à former un code.In a particular embodiment, the second jet comprises a plurality of recesses arranged so as to form a code.

Selon l'utilisation ultérieure envisagée du matériau en feuille selon l'invention, son épaisseur totale peut varier entre 70 µm et 2 mm, de préférence entre 90 et 300 µm.According to the envisaged subsequent use of the sheet material according to the invention, its total thickness may vary between 70 μm and 2 mm, preferably between 90 and 300 μm.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le premier et le second jets ont des épaisseurs égales.According to one embodiment of the invention, the first and second jets have equal thicknesses.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, les premier et second jets ont des épaisseurs différentes. En particulier, le second jet comportant les évidements a une épaisseur supérieure à 60 µm, afin d'éviter une fragilisation du second jet due à la présence d'évidements, ce jet devant être relativement solide pour supporter le premier jet lors de la fabrication du matériau en feuille. Le premier jet, étant constitué de bandes de papier continues peut lui être plus fin. Par exemple, le matériau en feuille présente une épaisseur totale de 110 µm, le premier jet étant épais de 25 µm et le second jet étant épais de 85 µm.According to another embodiment of the invention, the first and second jets have different thicknesses. In particular, the second jet having the recesses has a thickness greater than 60 microns, to avoid embrittlement of the second jet due to the presence of recesses, this jet must be relatively solid to support the first jet during the manufacture of the sheet material. The first throw, consisting of strips of paper continuous can be finer. For example, the sheet material has a total thickness of 110 μm, the first jet being 25 μm thick and the second jet being 85 μm thick.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le second jet du matériau en feuille comprend au moins un filigrane à effet multiton situé en regard de l'élément au moins partiellement transparent apparaissant dans une zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet. Un tel filigrane multiton est composé de zones claires, c'est à dire de zones d'épaisseur inférieure à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille, agencées de manière à constituer un motif tramé. On a décrit de tels filigranes tramés dans la demande de brevet EP 1122360 .According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the second jet of the sheet material comprises at least one multitone watermark located opposite the at least partially transparent element appearing in an elongate region of zero thickness of the first jet. Such a multiton watermark is composed of light areas, ie areas of thickness less than the thickness of the remainder of the sheet, arranged so as to form a raster pattern. Such screened watermarks have been described in the patent application EP 1122360 .

Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement avantageux car il permet d'augmenter la durabilité d'un filigrane à effet multiton. En effet, les filigranes à effet multiton sont des éléments de sécurité très difficiles à reproduire. Toutefois, leur réalisation nécessite de diminuer localement l'épaisseur de la feuille de papier de façon très importante, ce qui les rend sensibles à l'usure et engendre le risque que la feuille de papier se troue. Ce risque est d'autant plus important que les documents comprenant des feuilles de sécurité, tels que des billets de banque, sont amenés à être très fréquemment manipulés. En plaçant le filigrane à effet multiton en regard d'un élément au moins partiellement transparent apparaissant dans une zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet, on protège le filigrane à effet multiton et on prévient le risque de formation de trou.This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it makes it possible to increase the durability of a multitone effect watermark. Indeed, multitone watermarks are security elements that are very difficult to reproduce. However, their implementation requires locally reducing the thickness of the paper sheet very importantly, which makes them sensitive to wear and generates the risk that the paper sheet is found. This risk is all the more important as documents comprising security sheets, such as banknotes, are likely to be very frequently handled. By placing the multitone watermark opposite an at least partially transparent element appearing in an elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet, the multitone watermark is protected and the risk of hole formation is prevented.

Selon un cas particulier de l'invention, on réalise la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet par une suppression de la filtration de la suspension sur au moins une zone de la toile de la première forme ronde ou du former.According to a particular case of the invention, the elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet is produced by suppressing the filtration of the suspension on at least one zone of the fabric of the first round shape or forming it.

Selon un cas particulier de l'invention, la suppression de la filtration sur la première forme ronde ou sur le former est réalisée par dépôt de zones de masquage sur le périmètre de la première forme ronde ou du former. Par exemple ces zones de masquage sont réalisées au moyen de masques en un film adhésif, en métal, en une colle ou encore en un vernis.According to a particular case of the invention, the suppression of the filtration on the first round shape or on forming it is carried out by depositing masking zones on the perimeter of the first round shape or forming it. For example, these masking zones are made by means of masks made of an adhesive film, metal, an adhesive or a varnish.

Selon un autre cas particulier de l'invention, la toile de la première forme ronde ou du former est de plus munie de pièces empêchant la filtration de la suspension de façon à former des manques totaux dans la matière fibreuse du premier jet.According to another particular case of the invention, the fabric of the first round shape or form is further provided with parts preventing filtration of the suspension so as to form total gaps in the fibrous material of the first jet.

Selon encore un autre cas particulier de l'invention, la toile de la première forme ronde ou du former présente des embossements de façon à former des manques partiels dans la matière fibreuse du premier jet.According to yet another particular case of the invention, the fabric of the first round shape or the form has embossments so as to form partial gaps in the fibrous material of the first jet.

Dans ces deux cas particuliers, on obtient ainsi un matériau en feuille présentant un premier jet structuré particulièrement difficile à reproduire.In these two particular cases, a sheet material having a first structured jet which is particularly difficult to reproduce is thus obtained.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, on réalise la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet par enlèvement de matière au moyen d'une projection d'un jet de fluide sous pression, notamment un jet d'eau ou d'air, sur le premier jet encore humide, avant son assemblage avec le second jet.According to another embodiment of the invention, the elongate zone of zero thickness of the first jet is produced by removal of material by means of a jet of pressurized fluid, in particular a jet of water or water. air, on the first jet still wet, before its assembly with the second jet.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'évidement du second jet est réalisé par embossage en relief de la toile de la seconde forme ronde, ce qui empêche le dépôt de matière fibreuse au niveau des embossements.According to one embodiment, the recess of the second jet is made by embossing the fabric of the second round shape in relief, which prevents the deposition of fibrous material at the embossments.

Il est également envisagé d'obtenir les évidements par la fixation sur la toile de la seconde forme ronde de pièces empêchant la filtration, par exemple une pièce de métal, notamment un électrotype (c'est-à-dire une plaque de métal, généralement en bronze), une pièce de colle, ou une pièce de résine. La forme de la pièce donnera ainsi la forme de l'évidement. Il est envisagé d'utiliser des pièces de différentes formes pour faire des évidements de formes différentes.It is also envisaged to obtain the recesses by fixing on the fabric of the second round shape of parts preventing filtration, for example a piece of metal, in particular an electrotype (that is to say a metal plate, generally bronze), a piece of glue, or a piece of resin. The shape of the piece will thus give the shape of the recess. It is envisaged to use pieces of different shapes to make recesses of different shapes.

Enfin, on peut réaliser les évidements par enlèvement de matière au moyen d'une projection d'un jet de fluide sous pression, notamment un jet d'eau, sur le second jet encore humide, avant son assemblage avec le premier jet.Finally, the recesses can be made by removal of material by means of a projection of a jet of pressurized fluid, in particular a jet of water, on the second still wet jet, before being assembled with the first jet.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la première forme ronde ou le former, et la seconde forme ronde sont synchronisées pour que le au moins un évidement du second jet vienne en regard de la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first round shape or form, and the second round shape are synchronized so that the at least one recess of the second jet comes opposite the elongate zone of zero thickness.

L'invention concerne également un document de sécurité obtenu selon le procédé décrit ci-dessus. Par exemple, l'invention concerne un moyen de paiement tel qu'un billet de banque ou un chèque, un document d'identité tel qu'une carte d'identité, un permis de conduire, une page de passeport ou un visa, ou un titre tel qu'un titre de propriété ou un diplôme, ou tout autre document à base de papier nécessitant une sécurisation, ou encore un emballage sécurisé ou une étiquette.The invention also relates to a security document obtained according to the method described above. For example, the invention relates to a means of payment such as a bank note or a check, an identity document such as an identity card, a driver's license, a passport page or a visa, or a title such as a title deed or diploma, or any other paper-based document requiring security, or secure packaging or a label.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le document de sécurité est tel que le premier jet comprend au moins deux éléments de sécurité en regard d'au moins deux évidements du deuxième jet, les deux éléments de sécurité étant placés de sorte à se superposer lorsque le document de sécurité est plié, pour former une sécurisation ou une information supplémentaire. Par exemple, un premier élément de sécurité peut être un réseau lenticulaire qui recouvrira un second élément de sécurité constitué par une image invisible, qui ne sera révélée que lors de la superposition des deux éléments de sécurité. Dans un autre exemple, un premier élément de sécurité sera un filtre polarisé et un second élément de sécurité sera des cristaux liquides, formant, par exemple, une image révélée par le filtre.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the security document is such that the first jet comprises at least two security elements with respect to the least two recesses of the second jet, the two security elements being placed so as to be superimposed when the security document is folded, to form a security or additional information. For example, a first security element may be a lenticular network that will cover a second security element consisting of an invisible image, which will be revealed only during the superposition of the two security elements. In another example, a first security element will be a polarized filter and a second security element will be liquid crystals, forming, for example, an image revealed by the filter.

L'invention concerne encore un matériau en feuille selon la revendication 15.The invention further relates to a sheet material according to claim 15.

Le matériau en feuille peut présenter l'une au moins des caractéristiques définies précédemment.The sheet material may have at least one of the features defined above.

L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, d'exemples de mise en oeuvre non limitatifs de l'invention, et à l'examen du dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma illustrant les différentes étapes du procédé selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est un schéma illustrant une étape particulière du procédé selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est un schéma illustrant une des formes rondes utilisées pour la fabrication d'un matériau en feuille selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 représente une vue transversale d'un matériau en feuille obtenu selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 5 représente une vue de dessus du matériau en feuille de la figure 4, et
  • la figure 6 représente une vue de dessus d'un billet de banque obtenu par un procédé selon l'invention.
The invention can be better understood on reading the following detailed description, non-limiting examples of implementation of the invention, and on examining the appended drawing, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the different steps of the method according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a particular step of the method according to the invention,
  • the figure 3 is a diagram illustrating one of the round shapes used for the manufacture of a sheet material according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 4 represents a transverse view of a sheet material obtained according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 5 represents a top view of the sheet material of the figure 4 , and
  • the figure 6 represents a top view of a bank note obtained by a method according to the invention.

Par souci de clarté, les proportions relatives des différents éléments représentés n'ont pas toujours été respectées, les vues étant schématiques et, dans les figures 4 à 6, on a représenté une seule zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet du matériau en feuille, entourée de deux zones en matière fibreuse.For the sake of clarity, the relative proportions of the various elements represented have not always been respected, the views being schematic and, in the Figures 4 to 6 , there is shown a single elongate zone of zero thickness of the first stream of the sheet material, surrounded by two areas of fibrous material.

La figure 1 est un schéma illustrant les différentes étapes d'un mode de réalisation du procédé de fabrication selon l'invention.The figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the different steps of an embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention.

Un premier jet 2, présentant des zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle 4, est réalisé à partir d'une suspension aqueuse de fibres de cellulose, au moyen d'une première forme ronde R1 sur la toile de laquelle sont déposés des masques M. De cette façon, la suspension fibreuse ne se dépose que dans les régions dépourvues de masques M. Dans le même temps, une bande continue en un plastique transparent 10 est insérée dans le premier jet au niveau des masques M, cette bande continue étant plus large que les masques. On obtient ainsi un premier jet humide 2 constitué d'une alternance de zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle 4 dans lesquelles apparaissent des bandes en plastique transparent et de zones en matière fibreuse.A first jet 2, having elongated areas of zero thickness 4, is produced from an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers, by means of a first round shape R1 on the fabric of which are deposited masks M. in this way, the fibrous suspension is deposited only in the regions devoid of masks M. At the same time, a continuous strip of a transparent plastic 10 is inserted into the first jet at the level of the masks M, this continuous strip being wider than masks. This gives a first wet jet 2 consisting of an alternation of elongated areas of zero thickness 4 in which appear transparent plastic strips and areas of fibrous material.

Le premier jet 2 ainsi formé est amené vers une seconde forme ronde R2 afin d'être déposé sur le second jet fibreux 5 en formation. Le second jet 5 est formé sur la toile de la seconde forme ronde, sur laquelle on a fixé des éléments empêchant la filtration de la suspension. Les éléments sont placés à des positions repérées tels qu'ils forment des évidements 6 en correspondance avec les positions des zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle 4 du premier jet 2. On obtient ainsi un second jet humide 5 constitué de matière fibreuse présentant des évidements 6.The first jet 2 thus formed is fed to a second round shape R2 in order to be deposited on the second fibrous jet 5 in formation. The second jet 5 is formed on the fabric of the second round shape, on which elements have been fixed which prevent filtration of the suspension. The elements are placed at marked positions such that they form recesses 6 in correspondence with the positions of the elongate zones of zero thickness 4 of the first jet 2. This gives a second wet jet 5 made of fibrous material having recesses 6 .

Au niveau de la sortie de la deuxième forme, le premier jet 2 est déposé sur le second jet 5. On obtient une feuille billet qui peut alors recevoir un traitement de surface ou d'imprégnation par exemple de renforcement de la surface par du PVA et/ou de résistance à la salissure ou bien encore d'amélioration de l'imprimabilité, notamment au moyen d'une presse encolleuse ou d'une imprégnatrice. Cette feuille est ensuite séchée et bobinée selon des procédures habituelles. La figure 2 est un schéma illustrant un détail d'une étape d'un mode de réalisation du procédé selon l'invention, dans laquelle le premier jet fibreux 2 est formé sur une machine à forme ronde R1.At the outlet of the second form, the first jet 2 is deposited on the second jet 5. A sheet ticket is obtained, which can then receive a surface treatment or impregnation, for example by reinforcing the surface with PVA and / or resistance to soiling or even improvement of printability, in particular by means of a gluing press or an impregnator. This sheet is then dried and wound according to usual procedures. The figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a detail a step of an embodiment of the method according to the invention, wherein the first fibrous jet 2 is formed on a round machine R1.

Une bande continue en un matériau plastique transparent est amenée au contact du premier jet fibreux en formation 2. La bande continue 10 est placée de telle façon que son centre soit situé au niveau d'un masque M et ses bords au contact des fibres se déposant sur des zones dépourvues de la forme ronde R1.A continuous strip made of a transparent plastic material is brought into contact with the first fibrous jet in formation 2. The continuous strip 10 is placed in such a way that its center is situated at a mask M and its edges in contact with the fibers that are deposited. on areas devoid of the round shape R1.

La figure 3 est un schéma illustrant la première forme ronde R1 utilisée dans un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille 1 selon l'invention, dans le cas particulier où le premier jet fibreux 2 dudit matériau en feuille 1 comporte des zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle 4 et des régions fibreuses comprenant des manques totaux de matière.The figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the first round shape R1 used in a method of manufacturing a sheet material 1 according to the invention, in the particular case where the first fibrous jet 2 of said sheet material 1 comprises elongated zones of zero thickness 4 and fibrous regions including total lacks of material.

La toile T de la première forme ronde R1 comporte des masques rectangulaires en un film adhésif M, déposés sur de manière à s'étendre, à intervalle régulier, sur tout le périmètre de la forme ronde R1. Ainsi, au niveau des masques M, la suspension de fibres ne se dépose pas, et le premier jet fibreux 2 présentera des zones d'épaisseur nulle 4. Dans l'exemple illustré, la première forme ronde R1 comporte en outre des pièces rectangulaires en métal P déposées sur la toile T, entre deux masques M adjacents. Ces pièces P empêchent la filtration de la suspension de fibre, donc de tout dépôt fibreux, de sorte que les régions fibreuses 3 du premier jet (2) présentent des manques totaux de matière.The fabric T of the first round shape R1 comprises rectangular masks made of an adhesive film M, laid on so as to extend, at regular intervals, over the entire perimeter of the round shape R1. Thus, at the level of the masks M, the fiber suspension is not deposited, and the first fibrous jet 2 will have areas of zero thickness 4. In the example shown, the first round shape R1 further comprises rectangular pieces in P metal deposited on the fabric T, between two adjacent masks M. These pieces P prevent filtration of the fiber suspension, and therefore of any fibrous deposition, so that the fibrous regions 3 of the first jet (2) have total material gaps.

La figure 4 et la figure 5 illustrent un matériau en feuille obtenue selon un mode de réalisation du procédé de l'invention, les surépaisseurs au niveau des zones d'épaisseur nulle 4 ont volontairement été exagérées.The figure 4 and the figure 5 illustrate a sheet material obtained according to an embodiment of the method of the invention, the extra thicknesses in areas of zero thickness 4 have deliberately been exaggerated.

Le matériau en feuille 1 est constitué de deux jets de matière fibreuse. Le premier jet de matière fibreuse (présente une alternance de zones allongées en matière fibreuse 3 et de zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle 4. Le second jet de matière fibreuse 5 présente plusieurs évidements rectangulaires et/ou circulaires 6 situés en regard d'une zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle 4 du premier jet 2. Entre les deux jets 2 et 5 sont disposées des bandes 10 en un matériau plastique transparent, par exemple un polyester, les bords des bandes 10 étant insérés entre les zones allongées de matière fibreuse du premier jet 3 et du second jet 5, et le centre des bandes 10 apparaissant au sein des zones allongées d'épaisseur nulle du premier jet 4.The sheet material 1 consists of two streams of fibrous material. The first fibrous material jet (has an alternation of elongated zones of fibrous material 3 and elongated zones of zero thickness 4. The second fibrous material jet 5 has a plurality of rectangular and / or circular recesses 6 located opposite a zone elongate zero thickness of the first jet 2. Between the two jets 2 and 5 are arranged strips 10 of a transparent plastic material, for example a polyester, the edges of the strips 10 being inserted between the elongate areas of fibrous material of the first jet 3 and the second jet 5, and the center of the bands 10 appearing within the elongate zones of zero thickness of the first jet 4.

En particulier, dans le cas illustré dans les figures 4 et 5, le premier et le second jets ont des épaisseurs différentes, le premier jet 2 ayant une épaisseur de 40 µm et le second jet ayant une épaisseur de 70 µm. Le second jet de matière fibreuse 5 présente plusieurs évidements circulaires 6 situés en regard d'une zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle 4 du premier jet 2. De plus la bande transparente 10 a la même épaisseur que la zone allongée d'épaisseur nulle 4 dans laquelle elle est insérée, de sorte que la face de la feuille est quasiment plane.In particular, in the case illustrated in the figures 4 and 5 the first and second jets have different thicknesses, the first jet 2 having a thickness of 40 μm and the second jet having a thickness of 70 microns. The second stream of fibrous material 5 has a plurality of circular recesses 6 facing an elongate zone of zero thickness 4 of the first jet 2. In addition, the transparent strip 10 has the same thickness as the elongated zone of zero thickness 4 in which is inserted, so that the face of the sheet is almost flat.

La figure 6 illustre un billet de banque 11 selon l'invention, qui comprend le matériau en feuille représenté dans les figures 4 et 5 et un filigrane 12 réalisé dans le second jet 5.The figure 6 illustrates a banknote 11 according to the invention, which comprises the sheet material shown in the figures 4 and 5 and a watermark 12 made in the second jet 5.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de mise en oeuvre qui viennent d'être décrits. Les caractéristiques des divers exemples décrits peuvent notamment se combiner au sein de variantes non illustrées.Of course, the invention is not limited to the implementation examples which have just been described. The characteristics of the various examples described can in particular be combined within non-illustrated variants.

L'expression « comportant un » doit être comprise comme étant synonyme de « comportant au moins un », sauf si le contraire est spécifié.The expression "having one" shall be understood as being synonymous with "having at least one", unless the opposite is specified.

Claims (15)

  1. A method for manufacturing a sheet material (1) including at least two fibrous plies (2,5) juxtaposed on each other, said method including the following steps:
    - making a first paper ply (2), including at least one elongate area of zero thickness (4), by filtration of an aqueous suspension of fibers on the wire of a first round mould (R1) or of a former,
    - making a second paper ply (5) on the wire of a second round mould (R2) in order to form at least one recess (6) in the second ply (5),
    - positioning at least one at least partly transparent element (10) between two plies (2,5) still moist and joining both plies so that said at least one recess (6) of the second ply (5), said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) and said at least one zero thickness elongate area (4) of the first ply (2) are located facing each other,
    - drying the thereby obtained structure, characterized by the fact that said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) is a continuous strip and has the same length as said at least one zero thickness elongate area (4) of the first ply (2).
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) has a larger with then the width of said at least zero thickness elongate area (4) comprising it.
  3. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that the width of said at least one zero thickness area (4) of the first jet (2) is comprised between 5 and 50 mm, in particular between 10 and 25 mm.
  4. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that the width of said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) is comprised between 9 and 60 mm, in particular between 14 and 35 mm.
  5. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said at least one transparent element (10) has a thickness larger than 10 µm, in particular between 10 and 50 µm.
  6. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) has the same thickness as said first ply (2).
  7. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) includes at least one securization means selected from a device with a variable, interferential, iridescent and/or diffractive, optical effect, with liquid crystals, a lens system, a hologram, a magnetic, metal or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X fluorescence, biomarkers, a varnish or an ink, luminescent tracers, fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and/or piezochromic and/or tribometric compounds and/or compounds which change color upon contact with one or more predetermined products and/or a chip.
  8. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said first ply (2) further comprises at least one at least partial absence of material in at least one region of non-zero thickness.
  9. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said first ply (2) and/or said second ply (5) comprises a security element (12).
  10. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said at least one zero thickness elongate area (4) of the first ply (2) is made by suppressing filtration over at least one area (T) of the wire of the first round mould (R1) or of the former by depositing masking areas (M) on the perimeter of said first round mould (R1) or said former.
  11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that said at least one zero thickness elongate area (4) of the first ply (2) is made by removing material by means of a projection of pressurized fluid jet, before assembling it with the second ply (2) and by the fact that said pressurized fluid jet is a water jet or an air jet
  12. The method according to any preceding claim, characterized by the fact that said at least one recess (6) on the second ply (5) is made by embossing the wire of the second round mould (R2).
  13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that said at least one (6) recess on the second ply (5) is obtained by means of attaching on the wire of the second round mould (R2), parts preventing the filtration.
  14. The method according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that said at least one recess (6) on the second ply (5) is obtained by removing material by means of a projection of a pressurized fluid jet, notably a water jet, on the still moist second ply (5), before assembling it with the first ply (2).
  15. A sheet material (1) including:
    - at least two fibrous plies (2,5) juxtaposed on each other,
    - a first paper ply (2), including at least one elongate area of zero thickness (4),
    - a second paper ply (5),
    - at least one recess (6) in the second ply (5),
    - at least one at least partly transparent element (10) between both plies (2,5), said at least one recess (6) of the second ply (5), said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) and said at least one zero thickness elongate area (4) of the first ply (2) being located facing each other,
    characterized by the fact that said at least one at least partly transparent element (10) being a continuous strip and having the same length as said at least one zero thickness elongate area (4) of the first ply (2).
EP08827561A 2007-07-11 2008-07-11 Process for manufacturing a sheet material Not-in-force EP2176462B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0756412A FR2918679B1 (en) 2007-07-11 2007-07-11 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SHEET MATERIAL
PCT/FR2008/051321 WO2009022072A2 (en) 2007-07-11 2008-07-11 Process for manufacturing a sheet material

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EP2176462A2 EP2176462A2 (en) 2010-04-21
EP2176462B1 true EP2176462B1 (en) 2011-09-14

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US (1) US8372241B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2176462B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101743355A (en)
AT (1) ATE524607T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0814691B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2692404A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2373510T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2918679B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2478481C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009022072A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009022072A2 (en) 2009-02-19
ATE524607T1 (en) 2011-09-15
FR2918679B1 (en) 2017-12-01
FR2918679A1 (en) 2009-01-16
ES2373510T3 (en) 2012-02-06
US20100181036A1 (en) 2010-07-22
WO2009022072A3 (en) 2009-04-09
CN101743355A (en) 2010-06-16
RU2010104173A (en) 2011-08-20
BRPI0814691A2 (en) 2015-01-20
US8372241B2 (en) 2013-02-12
RU2478481C2 (en) 2013-04-10
BRPI0814691B1 (en) 2022-05-03
CA2692404A1 (en) 2009-02-19
EP2176462A2 (en) 2010-04-21

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