EP1917396B1 - Sheet material and production method thereof - Google Patents

Sheet material and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1917396B1
EP1917396B1 EP06794526.1A EP06794526A EP1917396B1 EP 1917396 B1 EP1917396 B1 EP 1917396B1 EP 06794526 A EP06794526 A EP 06794526A EP 1917396 B1 EP1917396 B1 EP 1917396B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip structure
process according
strip
fibrous layer
protruding portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06794526.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1917396A2 (en
Inventor
Henri Rosset
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
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Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
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Application filed by Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS filed Critical Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
Publication of EP1917396A2 publication Critical patent/EP1917396A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1917396B1 publication Critical patent/EP1917396B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sheet material and its manufacturing process.
  • patent application EP 0 059 056 a method for making paper on a round-shaped paper machine comprising a rotary canvas cylinder having embossings at regular intervals, in the direction of paper formation.
  • a safety wire is pressed against the rotary fabric cylinder before immersion in the fiber suspension contained in the tank.
  • pressing and drying steps make it possible to obtain windows on one side of the paper in which the security thread is visible.
  • the process described in this application EP 0 059 056 is suitable for security wires of relatively small width.
  • the pattern of the windows formed on the paper depends on the machines used for its manufacture so that it is difficult to obtain patterns as varied as desired.
  • the patent application GB 2,388,377 describes a method for manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongated security element.
  • the latter is incorporated into the fibrous mass during the formation of the paper in contact with a paper machine with a round shape comprising a rotary fabric cylinder provided with projecting portions for making windows in which the security element is exposed.
  • the patent application GB 2,381,539 describes a method for incorporating an elongated element into a paper, using a round-shape paper machine having two sets of projecting portions of different dimensions.
  • the patent EP-B1-690 939 (corresponding to the request WO 95/09274 ) describes a security paper comprising two layers of paper (also called jets) each with a plurality of windows arranged in line with windows of the other layer of paper.
  • the paper can incorporate a transparent polyester strip arranged between the two layers so as to be visible through the windows.
  • the strip is not immersed in the dispersion of fibrous material but introduced between the two paper jets before their assembly outside the respective baths.
  • Requirement WO 2004/040062 describes a strip security element intended to be partially integrated into a fibrous substrate, comprising one or more windows leaving visible portions of the security element.
  • the invention aims to propose a new method of manufacturing a sheet material by the papermaking process, comprising at least one fibrous layer having two opposite faces with on each of its faces at least one window.
  • sheet material can denote in the description and the claims a fibrous sheet based on cellulosic and / or synthetic fibers, composite or not.
  • a sheet material can for example have a relatively small thickness, in particular less than or equal to 3 mm, for example equal to approximately 100 ⁇ m, and be flexible.
  • the sheet material can be packaged on a reel, in particular before being cut to the desired format.
  • the surface can be defined by the forming fabric of a machine with a round shape or with a flat table, a machine with a round shape being preferred.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain windows of various shapes and / or sizes, simply by modifying the shape and / or the size of the raised portions of the strip structure which serve to form the windows of the fibrous layer.
  • Fibrous layers with different windows from one layer to another can easily be produced on the same paper machine, for example on a machine with a round shape.
  • the fibrous layer is preferably a monojet layer (“ single ply ” in English).
  • a raised portion of the strip structure can be flush with the corresponding face of the fibrous layer or, as a variant, protrude from this face of the fibrous layer and form an excess thickness sufficient to be detectable by touch in particular.
  • the raised portion of the strip structure has an at least partially hydrophobic outer surface, so as to prevent the covering of the raised portion by fibers during the formation of the fibrous layer.
  • the strip structure comprises at least one crenellated strip element defining at least one raised portion of the strip structure.
  • the crenellated strip element comprises at least one niche produced in particular by embossing, for example by thermal embossing.
  • the crenellated strip element can be made for example of plastic, in particular a hydrophobic plastic.
  • the strip structure comprises a strip support element with at least one face covered at least partially, for example totally, with a coating having a thickness chosen to form the portion in relief of the band structure.
  • the coating preferably hydrophobic, can be deposited for example by screen printing.
  • the coating can be a varnish, for example a crosslinkable varnish under UV or infrared radiation, or by exposure to an electron beam.
  • one of the faces of the strip structure has no raised portion serving to form a window on one face of the fibrous layer.
  • the strip structure may for example comprise a first flat strip element and a second crenellated strip element assembled with the first, in particular with heat input.
  • the strip structure comprises a strip support element of which only one face is at least partially covered with a coating having a thickness chosen to form the raised portion of the strip structure.
  • the strip structure can be porous, in particular the strip support element.
  • the strip structure may have openings, which may have a section of between 3 mm 2 and 30 mm 2 .
  • the area occupied by the openings can be greater than or equal to 40% of the total area of the strip structure seen from above, better greater than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 60%.
  • the strip structure can include a perforated strip support element and the raised portion can be attached to the strip support element.
  • the raised portion can be formed by a coating, in particular one or more impressions of a varnish or by an adhesive film transferred hot or cold.
  • the raised portion can create an additional thickness ranging from 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably from 25 to 35 ⁇ m, on the surface of the strip structure.
  • the strip structure may include at least one cavity in which an object, in particular a security element, is arranged at least partially.
  • the object can be an electronic chip or a layer of liquid crystals.
  • the cavity can be produced in a strip support element, the object being partially covered, on at least one side, by an element at least partially defining the raised portion.
  • the object can be covered on both sides by elements defining raised portions of the strip structure.
  • the surface of the fabric forming the the fibrous layer advantageously comprises at least one hollow zone adjacent to at least one protruding zone arranged to form on the fibrous layer at least one window.
  • the recessed and projecting areas of the surface of the fabric forming the fibrous layer can in particular be produced by embossing.
  • the strip structure can be brought against the surface of the fabric forming the fibrous layer so as to make the raised portion of the strip structure coincide with a hollow area of said surface so as to form on each face of the layer fibrous a window arranged offset from the window on the other side.
  • the strip structure is brought against the surface of the fabric forming the fibrous layer so as to make the raised portion of the strip structure coincide with a projecting area of said surface so as to form on each face of the fibrous layer a window opposite the window on the other side.
  • the strip structure comprises on each of its opposite faces at least one raised portion serving to form on each of the opposite faces of the fibrous layer at least one window.
  • the raised portions on the opposite faces of the strip structure can be opposite one another or, alternatively, arranged offset from one another, so as to form on the faces opposite of the fibrous layer, as the case may be, facing windows or offset windows.
  • the strip structure comprises first and second crenellated strip elements, forming raised portions on the two opposite faces of the strip structure.
  • the band structure may include a third, flat band element sandwiched between the first and second crenellated band elements.
  • the opposite faces of the aforementioned strip support element are each covered with a coating having a thickness chosen to form a raised portion.
  • the raised portion on the face of the strip structure coming opposite the surface for forming the fibrous layer has a thickness greater than that of the raised portion on the other face of the strip structure, which promotes the entanglement of the fibers on the side of the surface for forming the fibrous layer.
  • the strip structure comprises a single crenellated strip element used to form windows on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.
  • the crenellated strip element is arranged in such a way that the slots do not undergo untimely deformation when the strip structure is subjected to tension stresses during the introduction of the strip structure into the layer. fibrous and / or during the formation thereof.
  • the fibrous layer can be produced on a round-shaped paper machine, as mentioned above, and be subjected, if necessary, to at least one of the pressing, calendering and drying operations.
  • At least one of the raised portions of the strip structure may have a shape defining a pattern, chosen in particular from a letter of the alphabet, a number, or a logo, this list not being limiting.
  • At least one of the raised portions has a rectangular, square or circular shape.
  • the strip structure may comprise on a face a plurality of raised portions, in particular identical and regularly spaced.
  • the strip structure comprises on a face a plurality of raised portions, at least two of which have different shapes and / or sizes.
  • the strip structure comprises at least one security element chosen from: an element with variable and / or diffractive optical effect such as for example a holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, printing of a varnish or ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic compounds , electroluminescent and / or piezochromic and / or which change color in contact with one or more predetermined products, compounds sensitive to microwave radiation, anti-stock compounds.
  • an element with variable and / or diffractive optical effect such as for example a holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, printing of a varnish or ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic compounds , electrolumin
  • the strip structure may comprise, if necessary, a strip support element at least partially covered with a coating, in particular a varnish, incorporating one or more security elements chosen in particular from the aforementioned security elements.
  • the coating may include compounds having an effect on the polarization of light, in particular compounds of the nematic liquid crystal type.
  • the strip structure comprises, at least on one face, at least two raised portions serving to form two windows of the fibrous layer, these raised portions having properties, in particular optical , physical and / or chemical, different.
  • the two raised portions may for example have different colors or different magnetic properties.
  • one of the raised portions can be produced for example from a magnetic material and the other from a material incorporating interference pigments.
  • the strip structure can, if desired, comprise a partially metallized layer, a metallized layer, or a layer of locally demetallized metal.
  • the strip structure comprises, on one face, at least one main raised portion serving to form a main window on one face of the fibrous layer and at least one additional raised portion having in particular a thickness and / or an area less than or equal to that of the main relief portion and arranged to compensate for a variation in thickness of the strip structure, in the vicinity of the main relief portion.
  • the additional raised portion may have a thickness and an area less than that of the main portion and be entirely embedded in the fibrous layer.
  • a sheet material comprising at least one single-jet fibrous layer, that is to say a single fibrous jet formed alone on the formation surface from a fiber-based dispersion, having two opposite faces with at least one window on each of its faces, the sheet material further comprising at least one strip structure embedded at least partially in the fibrous layer, the strip structure comprising at least one raised portion, the shape of at least one of the windows being defined by the raised portion , the latter coming for example flush with a face of the fibrous layer or projecting therefrom.
  • the fibrous layer is advantageously devoid of at least one of its indentation faces, in particular of the type produced using recessed areas and projecting from a fabric forming a paper machine, located at the right of the band structure.
  • the sheet material can initially be devoid of printing an ink and can, if necessary, receive one later in order to include the useful information.
  • the windows on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer can be arranged facing one another or, as a variant, offset one with respect to the other.
  • the facing windows can be of different size and / or shape.
  • At least one of the windows may, if desired, have a narrower width than that of the strip structure.
  • At least one of the windows has a width equal to that of the strip structure.
  • the strip structure may have a width greater than 4 mm, in particular 5 mm, for example 10, 15 or 20 mm.
  • the strip structure may include a porous strip support element, in particular having openings having a section ranging from 3 mm 2 to 30 mm 2 , and at least one element defining a portion in relief on the strip structure, this portion in relief each having an apparent outer face.
  • the strip support element may include a cavity with an object placed inside, in particular a security element such as a chip or liquid crystals, the object and the strip support element being covered at least partially on at least one face, better on two opposite faces, by elements of the strip structure defining raised portions having visible faces.
  • a security element such as a chip or liquid crystals
  • Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a security and / or valuable document comprising a sheet material as defined above.
  • the security and / or value document may consist of one of the following: a banknote, identity document, passport slip or cover, visa, coupon, document of other value than a bank note, for example a check or a credit card, a protection and / or authentication label, a traceability label.
  • a packaging element in particular a packaging, comprising a sheet material as defined above.
  • Another subject of the invention is a strip structure arranged to be incorporated at least partially into a fibrous layer.
  • the strip structure comprises on each of its opposite faces at least one raised portion serving to form on each of the opposite faces of the fibrous layer at least one window.
  • the strip structure may for example comprise a support element formed from a film with a polarization effect of light.
  • a round-shaped paper machine comprising a tank 1 containing a suspension 4 of fibers, for example cellulose fibers and / or cotton linters and / or synthetic and / or artificial fibers, in which a canvas cylinder is partially immersed rotary 2 defining a surface 3 in contact with which continuously forms a fibrous layer 5 monojet.
  • a suspension 4 of fibers for example cellulose fibers and / or cotton linters and / or synthetic and / or artificial fibers
  • a canvas cylinder is partially immersed rotary 2 defining a surface 3 in contact with which continuously forms a fibrous layer 5 monojet.
  • a strip structure 7 is brought into contact with the fibrous layer 5 in formation so that the latter is at least partially embedded in the fibrous layer 5.
  • the strip structure 7 has two opposite faces 8 and 9, the face 9 being arranged opposite the submerged surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2.
  • the strip structure 7 comprises on the face 8 a plurality of raised portions 10 having a thickness sufficient to remain uncovered at least partially on one face 11 of the fibrous layer 5.
  • Each raised portion 10 of the strip structure 7 defines on the face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 a window 12.
  • the raised portions 10 can, as illustrated in the figure 3 , come flush with the face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 or, as a variant, as illustrated in the figure 4 , protrude on this face 11, for example by forming an excess thickness detectable to the touch.
  • the face 9 of the strip structure 7 is devoid of relief.
  • the surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 comprises, in the direction of formation of the fibrous layer 5, an alternation of hollow zones 16 and projecting zones 17, the latter serving to prevent the accumulation of fibers in regions of the fibrous layer 5 corresponding to the windows 13.
  • the strip structure 7 may comprise a crenellated strip element 20 forming raised portions 10 and assembled, in particular heat-fixed, with a flat strip element 21.
  • the strip elements 20 and 21 are made of plastic, the notched strip element 20 being preferably made of hydrophobic plastic material, for example polyester, in order to promote the non-overlapping of the raised portions 10 by fibers during the formation of the fibrous layer 5.
  • the slots of the strip element 20 are produced by thermal embossing.
  • This structure 24 comprises a strip support element 25, for example of plastics material, substantially flat covered at least partially, on the face 8, with a coating 27 having a variable thickness to form raised portions 10.
  • the coating 27 may be a hydrophobic varnish which can be crosslinked under UV or infrared radiation, or by exposure to an electron beam, the varnish being deposited on the strip support element 25 in particular by screen printing.
  • the strip structures 7 and 24 are pressed, when they are introduced into the fibrous layer 5 in formation, against the surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 with an arrangement according to which each raised portion 10 coincides with a recessed area 16, as illustrated in the figure 1 .
  • the windows 12 on the face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 and the windows 13 on the face 14 are arranged alternately.
  • the strip structure 24 is brought against the surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 so as to make each relief portion 10 of the strip structure 24 coincide with a protruding area of the surface 3 so as to form on each face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 a window 12 facing a window 13 on the other face 14.
  • the strip structure defines portions in relief on its two opposite faces.
  • a strip structure 30 constituted by a crenellated strip element made of hydrophobic plastic material serving to form windows 12 and 13 alternated on the two opposite faces 11 and 14 of the fibrous layer 5.
  • a rotary fabric cylinder 2 having a surface 3 ′ devoid of alternating recessed areas and projecting areas, shown flat on the figure 9 .
  • the crenellated strip element 30 has slots that are sufficiently rigid to withstand stresses in tension during the introduction of the strip element 30 into the fibrous layer 5 or during the formation thereof.
  • a strip structure 32 comprising first and second crenellated strip elements 33 and 34 used to form windows on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.
  • the strip structure 32 further comprises a third flat strip element 35 sandwiched between the first and second serrated strip elements 33 and 34.
  • a strip structure 37 comprising a strip support element 38 made of plastic material and covered on each of its opposite faces 8 and 9 with a varnish 39 having a variable thickness to form raised portions 10.
  • the raised portions 10 on the face 9 of the strip structure 37 facing the surface 3 'of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 has a thickness greater than that of the raised portions 10 on the other face 8, making it possible to promote the entanglement of the fibers on the side of the surface 3 '.
  • the raised portions 10 on the face 8 can be in coincidence with those of the opposite face 9 so as to form on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer 5 of the facing windows.
  • the raised portions 10 on the face 8 can be offset with respect to those of the other face 9 so as to form offset windows on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer 5.
  • the fibrous layer 5 can be subjected to at least one of the pressing, calendering and drying operations.
  • the strip structure 7, 24, 30, 32 or 37 may include a security element chosen from: an element with variable and / or diffractive optical effect such as for example a holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, printing a varnish or an ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and / or piezochromic and / or color-changing compounds in contact with one or more predetermined products, compounds sensitive to microwave radiation, anti-stock compounds.
  • a security element chosen from: an element with variable and / or diffractive optical effect such as for example a holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, printing a varnish or an ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photo
  • One of the aforementioned security elements can be incorporated into the layer of varnish 27 or 39.
  • the varnish 39 can be chosen to interact, in particular optically, with the strip support element 38.
  • Document 50 can be a bank note.
  • the document may constitute one of the following elements: an identity document, a passport cover or sheet, a visa, a coupon, a document of value other than a banknote, for example a check or a credit card, a protection and / or authentication label, a traceability label.
  • the strip structure 24 extends from a first edge 51 of the document 50 to a second edge 52 opposite the first.
  • the windows 12 formed by the strip structure 24 are identical and have a rectangular shape.
  • the windows 12 can be circular in shape or have any other shape.
  • the windows 12 can for example have a shape each defining a pattern such as, for example, an alphanumeric character, in particular a letter of the alphabet.
  • the different letters can form, if necessary, a word.
  • one of the windows 12 can define a number or a logo for example.
  • the strip structure 24 may have a width greater than 4 mm, in particular 5 mm, for example 20 mm.
  • the windows 12 may have a width equal to that of the strip structure 24, as illustrated in the figure 14 or, alternatively, a narrower width than that of the strip structure 24, as illustrated in the figure 15 .
  • the different windows 12 of the document 50 may have different colors.
  • the letter A can appear in fluorescent yellow, the letter B in fluorescent red and the letter C in fluorescent blue.
  • the different windows 12 can have different properties.
  • the letter A can have “soft” magnetism properties
  • the letter B for fluorescence properties
  • the letter C for interference effects.
  • a strip structure 5 comprising, on one face, a plurality of main raised portions 56 serving each to form a main window on one face of the fibrous layer 5 and a plurality of additional raised portions 57 having a thickness and an area more weak than those of the main raised portions 56 and arranged to compensate for a variation in thickness of the strip structure 55.
  • the raised portions 57 are arranged, in the example considered, on either side of the raised portions 56.
  • a strip structure 90 comprising a porous strip support element 91 and an element 92 partially covering the strip element 91 in order to create the raised portion 10.
  • the element 91 is for example an element, preferably planar and not crenellated, which comprises openings 93 constituted for example by perforations.
  • openings 93 extend, in the example considered, over substantially the entire surface of the element 91 elsewhere than under the element 92, the total section of the openings 93 representing for example more than 40%, better still more than 50% , of the total area of the element 91, being nevertheless for example less than or equal to 60%.
  • the presence of the openings 93 facilitates the entanglement of the paper fibers and therefore allows better anchoring of the strip structure within the sheet material.
  • strip structures having a width for example greater than 5 mm, better still greater than 20 mm, for example of the order of 25 mm.
  • each of the openings 93 is for example greater than 3 mm 2 and less than 30 mm 2 .
  • the openings 93 are holes of circular section whose diameter is preferably between 1 and 3 mm, in particular close to 2 mm.
  • the openings 93 can be made by perforation, for example by punching or with a punch.
  • the areas of the support element 91 intended to be covered by the element or elements 92 may or may not have the openings 93, and preferably do not.
  • the element 92 which creates the additional thickness is for example a deposit of a coating, for example one or more impressions of a varnish.
  • the element 92 can also be an adhesive film which can be transferred cold or hot in the case of a heat-sealing adhesive.
  • the additional thickness created by the element 92 is for example of the order of 10 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably being close to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the element (s) 92 may be present only on one side only of the strip element 91 but preferably the elements 92 are present on the two opposite faces of the element 91, being arranged facing each other in pairs.
  • the strip structure may include, as illustrated in the figure 21 , at least one cavity 99 housing an object 100 such as for example a chip of an RFID device or liquid crystals.
  • the cavity 99 can be produced in a support element in a strip 91, porous, for example having the characteristics described with reference to the figure 19 .
  • the cavity 99 can extend in a zone of the element 91 which is covered by the elements 92 intended to create the extra thicknesses on the strip structure, these elements 92 then ensuring protection of the object 100 against external aggressions such as for example the mechanical stresses exerted during printing.
  • the strip structure is for example embedded in the thickness of the fibrous layer 5, so that the element 91 does not surface on the faces 11 and 14, only the outer faces 97 of the elements 92 coming out of these faces.
  • the support element 91 is a knitted band, with wide stitches.
  • At least one of the raised portions can be formed by an electronic device fixed to a strip support element, this device comprising in particular an electronic chip.
  • the raised portions of the strip structure can be arranged to form thicknesses detectable by touch on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.
  • the sheet material can for example be used to produce a packaging element such as packaging.

Description

La présente invention concerne un matériau en feuille et son procédé de fabrication.The present invention relates to a sheet material and its manufacturing process.

On connaît par la demande de brevet EP 0 059 056 un procédé pour réaliser un papier sur une machine papetière à forme ronde comportant un cylindre de toile rotatif présentant des embossages à intervalles réguliers, dans la direction de formation du papier. Dans ce procédé, un fil de sécurité est plaqué contre le cylindre de toile rotatif avant immersion dans la suspension de fibres contenue dans la cuve. Après formation du papier, des étapes de pressage et de séchage permettent d'obtenir sur une face du papier des fenêtres dans lesquelles le fil de sécurité est visible. Le procédé décrit dans cette demande EP 0 059 056 est adapté à des fils de sécurité de largeur relativement faible. En outre, le motif des fenêtres formé sur le papier dépend des machines utilisées pour sa fabrication de sorte qu'il est difficile d'obtenir des motifs aussi variés que l'on souhaite.We know by patent application EP 0 059 056 a method for making paper on a round-shaped paper machine comprising a rotary canvas cylinder having embossings at regular intervals, in the direction of paper formation. In this process, a safety wire is pressed against the rotary fabric cylinder before immersion in the fiber suspension contained in the tank. After the paper has been formed, pressing and drying steps make it possible to obtain windows on one side of the paper in which the security thread is visible. The process described in this application EP 0 059 056 is suitable for security wires of relatively small width. In addition, the pattern of the windows formed on the paper depends on the machines used for its manufacture so that it is difficult to obtain patterns as varied as desired.

La demande de brevet GB 2 388 377 décrit un procédé pour fabriquer un substrat fibreux incorporant un élément de sécurité allongé. Ce dernier est incorporé dans la masse fibreuse lors de la formation du papier au contact d'une machine papetière à forme ronde comportant un cylindre de toile rotatif pourvu de portions en saillie pour réaliser des fenêtres dans lesquelles l'élément de sécurité est exposé.The patent application GB 2,388,377 describes a method for manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongated security element. The latter is incorporated into the fibrous mass during the formation of the paper in contact with a paper machine with a round shape comprising a rotary fabric cylinder provided with projecting portions for making windows in which the security element is exposed.

La demande de brevet GB 2 381 539 décrit un procédé pour incorporer un élément allongé dans un papier, utilisant une machine papetière à forme ronde présentant deux ensembles de portions en saillie de dimensions différentes.The patent application GB 2,381,539 describes a method for incorporating an elongated element into a paper, using a round-shape paper machine having two sets of projecting portions of different dimensions.

La demande internationale WO 2004/050990 décrit un procédé pour fabriquer un substrat fibreux incorporant un élément allongé présentant une largeur variable. Lors de la formation du substrat fibreux dans une machine papetière à forme ronde, des portions en saillie sur le cylindre de toile rotatif permettent de former sur un premier côté du substrat un premier ensemble de fenêtres. Les zones élargies de l'élément allongé permettent d'influencer le dépôt de fibres de manière à former sur un deuxième côté du substrat fibreux un deuxième ensemble de fenêtres. Ce procédé peut présenter l'inconvénient que le contour des fenêtres du deuxième ensemble est réalisé avec une définition insuffisante.International demand WO 2004/050990 describes a method for manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongated element having a variable width. During the formation of the fibrous substrate in a paper machine with a round shape, protruding portions on the rotary fabric cylinder make it possible to form on a first side of the substrate a first set of windows. The enlarged zones of the elongated element make it possible to influence the deposition of fibers so as to form on a second side of the fibrous substrate a second set of windows. This process can have the disadvantage that the outline of the windows of the second set is produced with an insufficient definition.

Le brevet EP-B1-690 939 (correspondant à la demande WO 95/09274 ) décrit un papier de sécurité comportant deux couches de papier (encore appelés jets) avec chacune une pluralité de fenêtres disposées au droit de fenêtres de l'autre couche de papier. Le papier peut incorporer une bande transparente en polyester disposée entre les deux couches de manière à être visible à travers les fenêtres. La bande n'est pas immergée dans la dispersion de matière fibreuse mais introduite entre les deux jets de papier avant leur assemblage à l'extérieur des bains respectifs.The patent EP-B1-690 939 (corresponding to the request WO 95/09274 ) describes a security paper comprising two layers of paper (also called jets) each with a plurality of windows arranged in line with windows of the other layer of paper. The paper can incorporate a transparent polyester strip arranged between the two layers so as to be visible through the windows. The strip is not immersed in the dispersion of fibrous material but introduced between the two paper jets before their assembly outside the respective baths.

On connaît encore par la demande WO 03/015016 un document comportant une couche fibreuse et une puce électronique portée par un fil. La puce peut venir à affleurement d'une face de la couche fibreuse tandis que le fil est noyé dans celle-ci.We still know by demand WO 03/015016 a document comprising a fibrous layer and an electronic chip carried by a wire. The chip can come flush with one face of the fibrous layer while the thread is embedded in it.

La demande WO 2004/040062 décrit un élément de sécurité en bande destiné à être intégré partiellement dans un substrat fibreux, comportant une ou plusieurs fenêtres laissant apparentes des portions de l'élément de sécurité.Requirement WO 2004/040062 describes a strip security element intended to be partially integrated into a fibrous substrate, comprising one or more windows leaving visible portions of the security element.

L'invention vise à proposer un nouveau procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille par voie papetière, comportant au moins une couche fibreuse présentant deux faces opposées avec sur chacune de ses faces au moins une fenêtre.The invention aims to propose a new method of manufacturing a sheet material by the papermaking process, comprising at least one fibrous layer having two opposite faces with on each of its faces at least one window.

L'expression « matériau en feuille » peut désigner dans la description et les revendications une feuille fibreuse à base de fibres cellulosiques et/ou synthétiques, composite ou non. Un matériau en feuille peut par exemple présenter une épaisseur relativement faible, notamment inférieure ou égale à 3 mm, par exemple égale à 100 µm environ, et être flexible. Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, le matériau en feuille peut être conditionné en bobine, notamment avant d'être découpé au format souhaité.The expression “sheet material” can denote in the description and the claims a fibrous sheet based on cellulosic and / or synthetic fibers, composite or not. A sheet material can for example have a relatively small thickness, in particular less than or equal to 3 mm, for example equal to approximately 100 μm, and be flexible. In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the sheet material can be packaged on a reel, in particular before being cut to the desired format.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, la couche fibreuse est formée par dépôt de fibres sur une surface , le matériau en feuille comportant en outre au moins une structure en bande noyée au moins partiellement dans la couche fibreuse, la structure en bande présentant deux faces opposées avec sur au moins l'une des ses faces au moins une portion en relief, et le procédé comporte l'étape suivante :

  • amener la structure en bande au contact de la couche fibreuse en formation, la face de la structure en bande avec la portion en relief étant disposée de manière opposée à ladite surface, la portion en relief présentant de préférence une épaisseur suffisante pour rester découverte au moins partiellement sur une face de la couche fibreuse, de manière à ménager l'une desdites fenêtres de la couche fibreuse.
According to one aspect of the invention, the fibrous layer is formed by depositing fibers on a surface, the sheet material further comprising at least one strip structure embedded at least partially in the fibrous layer, the strip structure having two faces. opposite with at least one of its faces at least a raised portion, and the method comprises the following step:
  • bringing the strip structure into contact with the fibrous layer in formation, the face of the strip structure with the raised portion being disposed opposite to said surface, the raised portion preferably having a thickness sufficient to remain uncovered at least partially on one face of the fibrous layer, so as to form one of said windows of the fibrous layer.

La surface peut être définie par la toile de formation d'une machine à forme ronde ou à table plate, une machine à forme ronde étant préférée.The surface can be defined by the forming fabric of a machine with a round shape or with a flat table, a machine with a round shape being preferred.

L'invention permet d'obtenir des fenêtres de formes et/ou de tailles variées, simplement en modifiant la forme et/ou la taille des portions en relief de la structure en bande qui servent à former les fenêtres de la couche fibreuse.The invention makes it possible to obtain windows of various shapes and / or sizes, simply by modifying the shape and / or the size of the raised portions of the strip structure which serve to form the windows of the fibrous layer.

Des couches fibreuses avec des fenêtres différentes d'une couche à l'autre peuvent aisément être réalisées sur une même machine à papier, par exemple sur une machine à forme ronde.Fibrous layers with different windows from one layer to another can easily be produced on the same paper machine, for example on a machine with a round shape.

La couche fibreuse est de préférence une couche monojet (« single ply » en anglais).The fibrous layer is preferably a monojet layer (“ single ply ” in English).

Une portion en relief de la structure en bande peut venir à affleurement sur la face correspondante de la couche fibreuse ou, en variante, faire saillie sur cette face de la couche fibreuse et former une surépaisseur suffisante pour être détectable au toucher notamment.A raised portion of the strip structure can be flush with the corresponding face of the fibrous layer or, as a variant, protrude from this face of the fibrous layer and form an excess thickness sufficient to be detectable by touch in particular.

Avantageusement, la portion en relief de la structure en bande présente une surface extérieure au moins partiellement hydrophobe, de manière à empêcher le recouvrement de la portion en relief par des fibres lors de la formation de la couche fibreuse.Advantageously, the raised portion of the strip structure has an at least partially hydrophobic outer surface, so as to prevent the covering of the raised portion by fibers during the formation of the fibrous layer.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte au moins un élément en bande crénelé définissant au moins une portion en relief de la structure en bande.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises at least one crenellated strip element defining at least one raised portion of the strip structure.

L'élément en bande crénelé comporte au moins un créneau réalisé notamment par embossage, par exemple par embossage thermique.The crenellated strip element comprises at least one niche produced in particular by embossing, for example by thermal embossing.

L'élément en bande crénelé peut être réalisé par exemple en matière plastique, notamment une matière plastique hydrophobe.The crenellated strip element can be made for example of plastic, in particular a hydrophobic plastic.

Dans un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte un élément de support en bande avec au moins une face recouverte au moins partiellement, par exemple totalement, d'un revêtement présentant une épaisseur choisie pour former la portion en relief de la structure en bande.In another example of implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises a strip support element with at least one face covered at least partially, for example totally, with a coating having a thickness chosen to form the portion in relief of the band structure.

Le revêtement, de préférence hydrophobe, peut être déposé par exemple par sérigraphie.The coating, preferably hydrophobic, can be deposited for example by screen printing.

Le revêtement peut être un vernis, par exemple un vernis réticulable sous rayonnement UV ou infrarouge, ou par exposition à un faisceau d'électrons.The coating can be a varnish, for example a crosslinkable varnish under UV or infrared radiation, or by exposure to an electron beam.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, l'une des faces de la structure en bande est dépourvue de portion en relief servant à former une fenêtre sur une face de la couche fibreuse.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, one of the faces of the strip structure has no raised portion serving to form a window on one face of the fibrous layer.

La structure en bande peut comporter par exemple un premier élément en bande plat et un deuxième élément en bande crénelé assemblé avec le premier, notamment avec apport de chaleur.The strip structure may for example comprise a first flat strip element and a second crenellated strip element assembled with the first, in particular with heat input.

En variante, la structure en bande comporte un élément de support en bande dont une face seulement est recouverte au moins partiellement d'un revêtement présentant une épaisseur choisie pour former la portion en relief de la structure en bande.As a variant, the strip structure comprises a strip support element of which only one face is at least partially covered with a coating having a thickness chosen to form the raised portion of the strip structure.

La structure en bande peut être poreuse, notamment l'élément de support en bande.The strip structure can be porous, in particular the strip support element.

La structure en bande peut comporter des ouvertures, lesquelles peuvent avoir une section comprise entre 3 mm2 et 30 mm2.The strip structure may have openings, which may have a section of between 3 mm 2 and 30 mm 2 .

La superficie occupée par les ouvertures peut être supérieure ou égale à 40 % de la superficie totale de la structure en bande vue de dessus, mieux supérieure ou égale à 50 % et inférieure ou égale à 60 %.The area occupied by the openings can be greater than or equal to 40% of the total area of the strip structure seen from above, better greater than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 60%.

La structure en bande peut comporter un élément de support en bande perforé et la portion en relief peut être rapportée sur l'élément de support en bande. La portion en relief peut être formée par un revêtement, notamment une ou plusieurs impressions d'un vernis ou par un film adhésif transféré à chaud ou à froid.The strip structure can include a perforated strip support element and the raised portion can be attached to the strip support element. The raised portion can be formed by a coating, in particular one or more impressions of a varnish or by an adhesive film transferred hot or cold.

La portion en relief peut créer une surépaisseur allant de 10 µm à 50 µm, de préférence de 25 à 35 µm, à la surface de la structure en bande.The raised portion can create an additional thickness ranging from 10 μm to 50 μm, preferably from 25 to 35 μm, on the surface of the strip structure.

La structure en bande peut comporter au moins une cavité dans laquelle est disposé au moins partiellement un objet, notamment un élément de sécurité. L'objet peut être une puce électronique ou une couche de cristaux liquides.The strip structure may include at least one cavity in which an object, in particular a security element, is arranged at least partially. The object can be an electronic chip or a layer of liquid crystals.

La cavité peut être réalisé dans un élément de support en bande, l'objet étant recouvert partiellement, sur un côté au moins, par un élément définissant au moins partiellement la portion en relief.The cavity can be produced in a strip support element, the object being partially covered, on at least one side, by an element at least partially defining the raised portion.

L'objet peut être recouvert sur ses deux côtés par des éléments définissant des portions en relief de la structure en bande.The object can be covered on both sides by elements defining raised portions of the strip structure.

Afin de réaliser des fenêtres sur la face de la couche fibreuse opposée à la ou aux portions en relief de la structure en bande, la surface de la toile de formation de la couche fibreuse comporte avantageusement au moins une zone en creux adjacente à au moins une zone en saillie agencée pour former sur la couche fibreuse au moins une fenêtre.In order to make windows on the face of the fibrous layer opposite to the raised portion (s) of the strip structure, the surface of the fabric forming the the fibrous layer advantageously comprises at least one hollow zone adjacent to at least one protruding zone arranged to form on the fibrous layer at least one window.

Les zones en creux et en saillie de la surface de la toile de formation de la couche fibreuse peuvent notamment être réalisées par embossage.The recessed and projecting areas of the surface of the fabric forming the fibrous layer can in particular be produced by embossing.

La structure en bande peut être amenée contre la surface de la toile de formation de la couche fibreuse de manière à faire coïncider la portion en relief de la structure en bande avec une zone en creux de ladite surface afin de former sur chaque face de la couche fibreuse une fenêtre disposée de manière décalée par rapport à la fenêtre de l'autre face.The strip structure can be brought against the surface of the fabric forming the fibrous layer so as to make the raised portion of the strip structure coincide with a hollow area of said surface so as to form on each face of the layer fibrous a window arranged offset from the window on the other side.

En variante, la structure en bande est amenée contre la surface de la toile de formation de la couche fibreuse de manière à faire coïncider la portion en relief de la structure en bande avec une zone en saillie de ladite surface afin de former sur chaque face de la couche fibreuse une fenêtre en regard de la fenêtre de l'autre face.As a variant, the strip structure is brought against the surface of the fabric forming the fibrous layer so as to make the raised portion of the strip structure coincide with a projecting area of said surface so as to form on each face of the fibrous layer a window opposite the window on the other side.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte sur chacune de ses faces opposées au moins une portion en relief servant à former sur chacune des faces opposées de la couche fibreuse au moins une fenêtre.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises on each of its opposite faces at least one raised portion serving to form on each of the opposite faces of the fibrous layer at least one window.

Les portions en relief sur les faces opposées de la structure en bande peuvent être en regard l'une de l'autre ou, en variante, disposées de manière décalée l'une par rapport à l'autre, de manière à former sur les faces opposées de la couche fibreuse, selon le cas, des fenêtres en regard ou des fenêtres décalées.The raised portions on the opposite faces of the strip structure can be opposite one another or, alternatively, arranged offset from one another, so as to form on the faces opposite of the fibrous layer, as the case may be, facing windows or offset windows.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte des premier et deuxième éléments en bande crénelés, formant sur les deux faces opposées de la structure en bande des portions en relief.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises first and second crenellated strip elements, forming raised portions on the two opposite faces of the strip structure.

La structure en bande peut comporter un troisième élément en bande, plat, pris en sandwich entre les premier et deuxième éléments en bande crénelés.The band structure may include a third, flat band element sandwiched between the first and second crenellated band elements.

Dans un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, les faces opposées de l'élément de support en bande précité sont recouvertes chacune d'un revêtement présentant une épaisseur choisie pour former une portion en relief.In another example of implementation of the invention, the opposite faces of the aforementioned strip support element are each covered with a coating having a thickness chosen to form a raised portion.

Avantageusement, la portion en relief sur la face de la structure en bande venant en regard de la surface de formation de la couche fibreuse présente une épaisseur supérieure à celle de la portion en relief sur l'autre face de la structure en bande, ce qui permet de favoriser l'enchevêtrement des fibres du côté de la surface de formation de la couche fibreuse.Advantageously, the raised portion on the face of the strip structure coming opposite the surface for forming the fibrous layer has a thickness greater than that of the raised portion on the other face of the strip structure, which promotes the entanglement of the fibers on the side of the surface for forming the fibrous layer.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte un unique élément en bande crénelé servant à former des fenêtres sur les deux faces opposées de la couche fibreuse.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises a single crenellated strip element used to form windows on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.

De préférence, l'élément en bande crénelé est agencé de manière à ce que les créneaux ne subissent pas de déformation intempestive lorsque la structure en bande est soumise à des contraintes en tension au cours de l'introduction de la structure en bande dans la couche fibreuse et/ou lors de la formation de celle-ci.Preferably, the crenellated strip element is arranged in such a way that the slots do not undergo untimely deformation when the strip structure is subjected to tension stresses during the introduction of the strip structure into the layer. fibrous and / or during the formation thereof.

La couche fibreuse peut être fabriquée sur une machine à papier à forme ronde, comme mentionnée plus haut, et être soumise, le cas échéant, à l'une au moins des opérations de pressage, de calandrage et de séchage.The fibrous layer can be produced on a round-shaped paper machine, as mentioned above, and be subjected, if necessary, to at least one of the pressing, calendering and drying operations.

L'une au moins des portions en relief de la structure en bande peut présenter une forme définissant un motif, choisi notamment parmi une lettre de l'alphabet, un chiffre, ou un logo, cette liste n'étant pas limitative.At least one of the raised portions of the strip structure may have a shape defining a pattern, chosen in particular from a letter of the alphabet, a number, or a logo, this list not being limiting.

En variante, l'une au moins des portions en relief présente une forme rectangulaire, carrée ou circulaire.As a variant, at least one of the raised portions has a rectangular, square or circular shape.

La structure en bande peut comporter sur une face une pluralité de portions en relief, notamment identiques et régulièrement espacées.The strip structure may comprise on a face a plurality of raised portions, in particular identical and regularly spaced.

En variante, la structure en bande comporte sur une face une pluralité de portions en relief dont deux au moins présentent des formes et/ou tailles différentes.As a variant, the strip structure comprises on a face a plurality of raised portions, at least two of which have different shapes and / or sizes.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte au moins un élément de sécurité choisi parmi : un élément à effet optique variable et/ou diffractif comme par exemple un élément holographique, iridescent ou à cristaux liquides, des composés interférentiels, un revêtement magnétique ou cristallin, des fibres magnétiques, des traceurs détectables par résonance magnétique, des traceurs détectables par fluorescence X, une impression d'un vernis ou d'une encre, des traceurs luminescents ou fluorescents, des composés photochromiques, thermochromiques, électroluminescents et/ou piézochromiques et/ou qui changent de couleur en contact d'un ou plusieurs produits prédéterminés, des composés sensibles à un rayonnement micro-onde, des composés anti-stockes.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises at least one security element chosen from: an element with variable and / or diffractive optical effect such as for example a holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, printing of a varnish or ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic compounds , electroluminescent and / or piezochromic and / or which change color in contact with one or more predetermined products, compounds sensitive to microwave radiation, anti-stock compounds.

La structure en bande peut comporter, le cas échéant, un élément de support en bande recouvert au moins partiellement d'un revêtement, notamment un vernis, incorporant un ou plusieurs éléments de sécurité choisis notamment parmi les éléments de sécurité précités.The strip structure may comprise, if necessary, a strip support element at least partially covered with a coating, in particular a varnish, incorporating one or more security elements chosen in particular from the aforementioned security elements.

Par exemple, le revêtement peut comporter des composés ayant un effet sur la polarisation de la lumière, notamment des composés de type cristaux liquides nématiques.For example, the coating may include compounds having an effect on the polarization of light, in particular compounds of the nematic liquid crystal type.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte, au moins sur une face, au moins deux portions en relief servant à former deux fenêtres de la couche fibreuse, ces portions en relief présentant des propriétés, notamment optiques, physiques et/ou chimiques, différentes.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises, at least on one face, at least two raised portions serving to form two windows of the fibrous layer, these raised portions having properties, in particular optical , physical and / or chemical, different.

Les deux portions en relief peuvent présenter par exemple des couleurs différentes ou des propriétés magnétiques différentes.The two raised portions may for example have different colors or different magnetic properties.

En variante, l'une des portions en relief peut être réalisée par exemple à partir d'un matériau magnétique et l'autre à partir d'un matériau incorporant des pigments interférentiels.As a variant, one of the raised portions can be produced for example from a magnetic material and the other from a material incorporating interference pigments.

La structure en bande peut, si on le souhaite, comporter une couche partiellement métallisée, une couche métallisée, ou une couche de métal localement démétallisée.The strip structure can, if desired, comprise a partially metallized layer, a metallized layer, or a layer of locally demetallized metal.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte, sur une face, au moins une portion en relief principale servant à former une fenêtre principale sur une face de la couche fibreuse et au moins une portion en relief additionnelle ayant notamment une épaisseur et/ou une superficie inférieures ou égales à celles de la portion en relief principale et agencée pour compenser une variation d'épaisseur de la structure en bande, au voisinage de la portion en relief principale. Ceci peut permettre de faciliter les opérations de bobinage et de déroulage de la structure en bande en assurant une bonne planéité. La portion en relief additionnelle peut présenter une épaisseur et une superficie inférieures à celles de la portion principale et être entièrement noyée dans la couche fibreuse.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises, on one face, at least one main raised portion serving to form a main window on one face of the fibrous layer and at least one additional raised portion having in particular a thickness and / or an area less than or equal to that of the main relief portion and arranged to compensate for a variation in thickness of the strip structure, in the vicinity of the main relief portion. This can facilitate the winding and unwinding operations of the strip structure by ensuring good flatness. The additional raised portion may have a thickness and an area less than that of the main portion and be entirely embedded in the fibrous layer.

L'invention a également pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un matériau en feuille comportant au moins une couche fibreuse monojet, c'est-à-dire un seul jet fibreux formé seul sur la surface de formation à partir d'une dispersion à base de fibres, présentant deux face opposées avec sur chacune de ses faces au moins une fenêtre, le matériau en feuille comportant en outre au moins une structure en bande noyée au moins partiellement dans la couche fibreuse, la structure en bande comportant au moins une portion en relief, la forme de l'une au moins des fenêtres étant définie par la portion en relief, celle-ci venant par exemple à affleurement d'une face de la couche fibreuse ou faisant saillie sur celle-ci.Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a sheet material comprising at least one single-jet fibrous layer, that is to say a single fibrous jet formed alone on the formation surface from a fiber-based dispersion, having two opposite faces with at least one window on each of its faces, the sheet material further comprising at least one strip structure embedded at least partially in the fibrous layer, the strip structure comprising at least one raised portion, the shape of at least one of the windows being defined by the raised portion , the latter coming for example flush with a face of the fibrous layer or projecting therefrom.

De préférence, le matériau en feuille :

  • soit est dépourvu de fenêtres en regard, de part et d'autre de la structure en bande,
  • soit comporte au moins deux fenêtres en regard, l'une au moins étant formée par une portion en relief de la structure en bande.
Preferably, the sheet material:
  • either has no facing windows on either side of the strip structure,
  • or has at least two facing windows, at least one being formed by a raised portion of the strip structure.

La couche fibreuse est avantageusement dépourvue sur au moins l'une de ses faces de renfoncement, notamment du type réalisé à l'aide de zones en creux et en saillie d'une toile de formation d'une machine à papier, situé au droit de la structure en bande.The fibrous layer is advantageously devoid of at least one of its indentation faces, in particular of the type produced using recessed areas and projecting from a fabric forming a paper machine, located at the right of the band structure.

Le matériau en feuille peut être dépourvu initialement d'impression d'une encre et peut, le cas échéant, en recevoir une ultérieurement pour faire figurer les informations utiles.The sheet material can initially be devoid of printing an ink and can, if necessary, receive one later in order to include the useful information.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, les fenêtres sur les faces opposées de la couche fibreuse peuvent être disposées en regard l'une de l'autre ou, en variante, de manière décalée l'une par rapport à l'autre. Les fenêtres en regard peuvent être de taille et/ou de forme différentes.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the windows on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer can be arranged facing one another or, as a variant, offset one with respect to the other. The facing windows can be of different size and / or shape.

L'une au moins des fenêtres peut présenter, si on le souhaite, une largeur plus faible que celle de la structure en bande.At least one of the windows may, if desired, have a narrower width than that of the strip structure.

En variante, l'une au moins des fenêtres présente une largeur égale à celle de la structure en bande.As a variant, at least one of the windows has a width equal to that of the strip structure.

La structure en bande peut présenter une largeur supérieure à 4 mm, notamment 5 mm, par exemple 10, 15 ou 20 mm.The strip structure may have a width greater than 4 mm, in particular 5 mm, for example 10, 15 or 20 mm.

La structure en bande peut comporter un élément de support en bande poreux, notamment présentant des ouvertures ayant une section allant de 3 mm2 à 30 mm2, et au moins un élément définissant une portion en relief sur la structure en bande, cette portion en relief ayant chacune une face extérieure apparente.The strip structure may include a porous strip support element, in particular having openings having a section ranging from 3 mm 2 to 30 mm 2 , and at least one element defining a portion in relief on the strip structure, this portion in relief each having an apparent outer face.

L'élément de support en bande peut comporter une cavité avec un objet disposé à l'intérieur, notamment un élément de sécurité tel qu'une puce ou des cristaux liquides, l'objet et l'élément de support en bande étant recouverts au moins partiellement sur au moins une face, mieux sur deux faces opposées, par des éléments de la structure en bande définissant des portions en relief ayant des faces apparentes.The strip support element may include a cavity with an object placed inside, in particular a security element such as a chip or liquid crystals, the object and the strip support element being covered at least partially on at least one face, better on two opposite faces, by elements of the strip structure defining raised portions having visible faces.

L'invention a encore pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un document de sécurité et/ou de valeur comportant un matériau en feuille tel que défini ci-dessus.Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a security and / or valuable document comprising a sheet material as defined above.

Le document de sécurité et/ou de valeur peut être constitué par l'un des éléments suivants : un billet de banque, un document d'identité, un feuillet ou une couverture de passeport, un visa, un coupon, un document de valeur autre qu'un billet de banque, par exemple un chèque ou une carte de crédit, une étiquette de protection et/ou d'authentification, une étiquette de traçabilité.The security and / or value document may consist of one of the following: a banknote, identity document, passport slip or cover, visa, coupon, document of other value than a bank note, for example a check or a credit card, a protection and / or authentication label, a traceability label.

L'invention a encore pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un élément de conditionnement, notamment un emballage, comportant un matériau en feuille tel que défini ci-dessus.Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a packaging element, in particular a packaging, comprising a sheet material as defined above.

L'invention a encore pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, une structure en bande agencée pour être incorporée au moins partiellement dans une couche fibreuse.Another subject of the invention, according to another of its aspects, is a strip structure arranged to be incorporated at least partially into a fibrous layer.

Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande comporte sur chacune de ses faces opposées au moins une portion en relief servant à former sur chacune des faces opposées de la couche fibreuse au moins une fenêtre.In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the strip structure comprises on each of its opposite faces at least one raised portion serving to form on each of the opposite faces of the fibrous layer at least one window.

La structure en bande peut comporter par exemple un élément de support formé d'un film à effet de polarisation de la lumière.The strip structure may for example comprise a support element formed from a film with a polarization effect of light.

La présente invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, d'exemples de mise en œuvre non limitatifs de l'invention, et à l'examen du dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 illustre schématiquement une étape du procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille selon un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, une structure en bande conforme à l'invention,
  • les figures 3 et 4 représentent, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, deux exemples de matériaux en feuille incorporant la structure en bande de la figure 2,
  • la figure 5 est une coupe schématique et partielle d'une structure en bande conforme à un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention,
  • la figure 6 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, un matériau en feuille incorporant la structure en bande de la figure 5,
  • la figure 7 illustre schématiquement une étape du procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille conforme à un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention,
  • la figure 8 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, un matériau en feuille conforme à un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention,
  • la figure 9 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, une structure en bande conforme à un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention,
  • la figure 10 représente, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, un matériau en feuille incorporant la structure en bande de la figure 9,
  • les figures 11 à 13 représentent, schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, des structures en bande conformes à différents exemples de mise en œuvre de l'invention,
  • les figures 14 à 16 représentent, schématiquement et partiellement, différents exemples de documents conformes à l'invention,
  • la figure 17 est une vue schématique et partielle d'une structure en bande conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 18 est une coupe transversale suivant XVIII-XVIII de la structure de la figure 17,
  • la figure 19 est une vue de dessus d'un autre exemple de structure en bande réalisée conformément à l'invention, et
  • les figures 20 et 21 sont des coupes longitudinales de matériaux en feuille incorporant des structures en bande réalisées selon d'autres exemples de mise en œuvre de l'invention.
The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, of nonlimiting examples of implementation of the invention, and on examining the appended drawing, in which:
  • the figure 1 schematically illustrates a step in the process for manufacturing a sheet material according to an exemplary implementation of the invention,
  • the figure 2 shows, schematically and partially, in section, a strip structure according to the invention,
  • the figures 3 and 4 show, diagrammatically and partially, in section, two examples of sheet materials incorporating the strip structure of the figure 2 ,
  • the figure 5 is a schematic and partial section of a strip structure in accordance with another example of implementation of the invention,
  • the figure 6 shows, diagrammatically and partially, in section, a sheet material incorporating the strip structure of the figure 5 ,
  • the figure 7 schematically illustrates a step in the process for manufacturing a sheet material in accordance with another example of implementation of the invention,
  • the figure 8 shows, schematically and partially, in section, a sheet material in accordance with another example of implementation of the invention,
  • the figure 9 shows, schematically and partially, a strip structure in accordance with another example of implementation of the invention,
  • the figure 10 shows, diagrammatically and partially, in section, a sheet material incorporating the strip structure of the figure 9 ,
  • the figures 11 to 13 schematically and partially represent, in section, strip structures in accordance with different examples of implementation of the invention,
  • the figures 14 to 16 schematically and partially represent different examples of documents in accordance with the invention,
  • the figure 17 is a schematic and partial view of a strip structure according to the invention,
  • the figure 18 is a cross section along XVIII-XVIII of the structure of the figure 17 ,
  • the figure 19 is a top view of another example of a strip structure produced in accordance with the invention, and
  • the figures 20 and 21 are longitudinal sections of sheet materials incorporating strip structures produced according to other examples of implementation of the invention.

Sur le dessin, dans un souci de clarté, les proportions relatives des différents éléments représentés n'ont pas toujours été respectées, les vues étant schématiques.In the drawing, for the sake of clarity, the relative proportions of the various elements represented have not always been respected, the views being schematic.

On a représenté partiellement et schématiquement sur la figure 1 une machine à papier à forme ronde. Cette machine comporte une cuve 1 contenant une suspension 4 de fibres, par exemple des fibres de cellulose et/ou des linters de coton et/ou des fibres synthétiques et/ou artificielles, dans laquelle est partiellement immergé un cylindre de toile rotatif 2 définissant une surface 3 au contact de laquelle se forme en continu une couche fibreuse 5 monojet.Partially and schematically shown on the figure 1 a round-shaped paper machine. This machine comprises a tank 1 containing a suspension 4 of fibers, for example cellulose fibers and / or cotton linters and / or synthetic and / or artificial fibers, in which a canvas cylinder is partially immersed rotary 2 defining a surface 3 in contact with which continuously forms a fibrous layer 5 monojet.

On amène au contact de la couche fibreuse 5 en formation une structure en bande 7 de manière à ce que celle-ci soit noyée au moins partiellement dans la couche fibreuse 5.A strip structure 7 is brought into contact with the fibrous layer 5 in formation so that the latter is at least partially embedded in the fibrous layer 5.

La structure en bande 7 présente deux faces opposées 8 et 9, la face 9 étant disposée en regard de la surface immergée 3 du cylindre de toile rotatif 2.The strip structure 7 has two opposite faces 8 and 9, the face 9 being arranged opposite the submerged surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2.

La structure en bande 7 comporte sur la face 8 une pluralité de portions en relief 10 présentant une épaisseur suffisante pour rester découvertes au moins partiellement sur une face 11 de la couche fibreuse 5.The strip structure 7 comprises on the face 8 a plurality of raised portions 10 having a thickness sufficient to remain uncovered at least partially on one face 11 of the fibrous layer 5.

On a représenté sur les figures 3 et 4 des exemples de matériaux en feuille 6 pouvant être obtenus par le procédé décrit en référence à la figure 1.We have represented on figures 3 and 4 examples of sheet materials 6 obtainable by the process described with reference to figure 1 .

Chaque portion en relief 10 de la structure en bande 7 définit sur la face 11 de la couche fibreuse 5 une fenêtre 12.Each raised portion 10 of the strip structure 7 defines on the face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 a window 12.

Les portions en relief 10 peuvent, comme illustré sur la figure 3, venir à affleurement de la face 11 de la couche fibreuse 5 ou, en variante, comme illustré sur la figure 4, faire saillie sur cette face 11, en formant par exemple une surépaisseur détectable au toucher.The raised portions 10 can, as illustrated in the figure 3 , come flush with the face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 or, as a variant, as illustrated in the figure 4 , protrude on this face 11, for example by forming an excess thickness detectable to the touch.

Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 1, la face 9 de la structure en bande 7 est dépourvue de relief.In the example illustrated in figure 1 , the face 9 of the strip structure 7 is devoid of relief.

Afin de réaliser des fenêtres 13 sur une face 14 de la couche fibreuse 5 opposée à la face 11, la surface 3 du cylindre de toile rotatif 2 comporte, dans la direction de formation de la couche fibreuse 5, une alternance de zones en creux 16 et de zones en saillie 17, ces dernières servant à empêcher l'accumulation de fibres dans des régions de la couche fibreuse 5 correspondant aux fenêtres 13.In order to make windows 13 on a face 14 of the fibrous layer 5 opposite to the face 11, the surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 comprises, in the direction of formation of the fibrous layer 5, an alternation of hollow zones 16 and projecting zones 17, the latter serving to prevent the accumulation of fibers in regions of the fibrous layer 5 corresponding to the windows 13.

Comme illustré sur la figure 2, la structure en bande 7 peut comporter un élément en bande crénelé 20 formant des portions en relief 10 et assemblé, notamment thermofixé, avec un élément en bande plat 21.As illustrated in the figure 2 , the strip structure 7 may comprise a crenellated strip element 20 forming raised portions 10 and assembled, in particular heat-fixed, with a flat strip element 21.

Les éléments en bande 20 et 21 sont réalisés en matière plastique, l'élément en bande crénelé 20 étant de préférence réalisé en matière plastique hydrophobe, par exemple en polyester, afin de favoriser le non-recouvrement des portions en relief 10 par des fibres lors de la formation de la couche fibreuse 5.The strip elements 20 and 21 are made of plastic, the notched strip element 20 being preferably made of hydrophobic plastic material, for example polyester, in order to promote the non-overlapping of the raised portions 10 by fibers during the formation of the fibrous layer 5.

Les créneaux de l'élément en bande 20 sont réalisés par embossage thermique.The slots of the strip element 20 are produced by thermal embossing.

On a illustré sur la figure 5 une structure en bande 24 conforme à un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention.We illustrated on the figure 5 a strip structure 24 according to another example of implementation of the invention.

Cette structure 24 comporte un élément de support en bande 25, par exemple en matière plastique, sensiblement plat recouvert au moins partiellement, sur la face 8, d'un revêtement 27 présentant une épaisseur variable pour former des portions en relief 10.This structure 24 comprises a strip support element 25, for example of plastics material, substantially flat covered at least partially, on the face 8, with a coating 27 having a variable thickness to form raised portions 10.

Le revêtement 27 peut être un vernis hydrophobe réticulable sous rayonnement UV ou infrarouge, ou par exposition à un faisceau d'électrons, le vernis étant déposé sur l'élément de support en bande 25 notamment par sérigraphie.The coating 27 may be a hydrophobic varnish which can be crosslinked under UV or infrared radiation, or by exposure to an electron beam, the varnish being deposited on the strip support element 25 in particular by screen printing.

On a représenté sur la figure 6 un matériau en feuille 28 incorporant la structure en bande 24 de la figure 5.We have represented on the figure 6 a sheet material 28 incorporating the strip structure 24 of the figure 5 .

Dans les exemples décrits ci-dessus, les structures en bande 7 et 24 sont plaquées, lors de leur introduction dans la couche fibreuse 5 en formation, contre la surface 3 du cylindre de toile rotatif 2 avec une disposition suivant laquelle chaque portion en relief 10 coïncide avec une zone en creux 16, comme illustré sur la figure 1.In the examples described above, the strip structures 7 and 24 are pressed, when they are introduced into the fibrous layer 5 in formation, against the surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 with an arrangement according to which each raised portion 10 coincides with a recessed area 16, as illustrated in the figure 1 .

Il en résulte que les fenêtres 12 sur la face 11 de la couche fibreuse 5 et les fenêtres 13 sur la face 14 sont disposées de manière alternée.As a result, the windows 12 on the face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 and the windows 13 on the face 14 are arranged alternately.

En variante, comme illustré sur la figure 7, la structure en bande 24 est amenée contre la surface 3 du cylindre de toile rotatif 2 de manière à faire coïncider chaque portion en relief 10 de la structure en bande 24 avec une zone en saillie de la surface 3 afin de former sur chaque face 11 de la couche fibreuse 5 une fenêtre 12 en regard d'une fenêtre 13 de l'autre face 14.Alternatively, as illustrated in the figure 7 , the strip structure 24 is brought against the surface 3 of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 so as to make each relief portion 10 of the strip structure 24 coincide with a protruding area of the surface 3 so as to form on each face 11 of the fibrous layer 5 a window 12 facing a window 13 on the other face 14.

On a illustré sur la figure 8 un matériau en feuille 28' obtenu grâce à l'étape de la figure 7.We illustrated on the figure 8 a sheet material 28 'obtained by the step of figure 7 .

Dans un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la structure en bande définit des portions en relief sur ses deux faces opposées.In another example of implementation of the invention, the strip structure defines portions in relief on its two opposite faces.

On a représenté sur la figure 9 une structure en bande 30 constituée par un élément en bande crénelé réalisé en matière plastique hydrophobe servant à former des fenêtres 12 et 13 alternées sur les deux faces opposées 11 et 14 de la couche fibreuse 5.We have represented on the figure 9 a strip structure 30 constituted by a crenellated strip element made of hydrophobic plastic material serving to form windows 12 and 13 alternated on the two opposite faces 11 and 14 of the fibrous layer 5.

On a illustré sur la figure 10 un matériau en feuille 31 incorporant la structure en bande 30.We illustrated on the figure 10 a sheet material 31 incorporating the strip structure 30.

Pour former le matériau en feuille 31, on peut utiliser un cylindre de toile rotatif 2 présentant une surface 3' dépourvue d'alternance de zones en creux et de zones en saillie, représentée à plat sur la figure 9.To form the sheet material 31, it is possible to use a rotary fabric cylinder 2 having a surface 3 ′ devoid of alternating recessed areas and projecting areas, shown flat on the figure 9 .

L'élément en bande crénelé 30 comporte des créneaux suffisamment rigides pour résister à des contraintes en tension au cours de l'introduction de l'élément en bande 30 dans la couche fibreuse 5 ou lors de la formation de celle-ci.The crenellated strip element 30 has slots that are sufficiently rigid to withstand stresses in tension during the introduction of the strip element 30 into the fibrous layer 5 or during the formation thereof.

On va maintenant décrire d'autres exemples de structures en bande.We will now describe other examples of band structures.

On a illustré sur la figure 11 une structure en bande 32 comportant des premier et deuxième éléments en bande crénelés 33 et 34 servant à former des fenêtres sur les deux faces opposées de la couche fibreuse.We illustrated on the figure 11 a strip structure 32 comprising first and second crenellated strip elements 33 and 34 used to form windows on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.

La structure en bande 32 comporte en outre un troisième élément en bande plat 35 pris en sandwich entre les premier et deuxième éléments en bande crénelés 33 et 34.The strip structure 32 further comprises a third flat strip element 35 sandwiched between the first and second serrated strip elements 33 and 34.

On a représenté sur les figures 12 et 13 une structure en bande 37 comportant un élément de support en bande 38 réalisé en matière plastique et recouverte sur chacune de ses faces opposées 8 et 9 d'un vernis 39 présentant une épaisseur variable pour former des portions en relief 10.We have represented on figures 12 and 13 a strip structure 37 comprising a strip support element 38 made of plastic material and covered on each of its opposite faces 8 and 9 with a varnish 39 having a variable thickness to form raised portions 10.

Les portions en relief 10 sur la face 9 de la structure en bande 37 venant en regard de la surface 3' du cylindre de toile rotatif 2 présente une épaisseur supérieure à celle des portions en relief 10 sur l'autre face 8, permettant de favoriser l'enchevêtrement des fibres du côté de la surface 3'.The raised portions 10 on the face 9 of the strip structure 37 facing the surface 3 'of the rotary fabric cylinder 2 has a thickness greater than that of the raised portions 10 on the other face 8, making it possible to promote the entanglement of the fibers on the side of the surface 3 '.

Comme illustré sur la figure 12, les portions en relief 10 sur la face 8 peuvent être en coïncidence avec celles de la face opposée 9 de manière à former sur les faces opposées de la couche fibreuse 5 des fenêtres en regard.As illustrated in the figure 12 , the raised portions 10 on the face 8 can be in coincidence with those of the opposite face 9 so as to form on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer 5 of the facing windows.

En variante, comme illustré sur la figure 13, les portions en relief 10 sur la face 8 peuvent être décalées par rapport à celles de l'autre face 9 de manière à former sur les faces opposées de la couche fibreuse 5 des fenêtres décalées.Alternatively, as illustrated in the figure 13 , the raised portions 10 on the face 8 can be offset with respect to those of the other face 9 so as to form offset windows on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer 5.

La couche fibreuse 5 peut être soumise à l'une au moins des opérations de pressage, de calandrage et de séchage.The fibrous layer 5 can be subjected to at least one of the pressing, calendering and drying operations.

Si on le souhaite, la structure en bande 7, 24, 30, 32 ou 37 peut comporter un élément de sécurité choisi parmi : un élément à effet optique variable et/ou diffractif comme par exemple un élément holographique, iridescent ou à cristaux liquides, des composés interférentiels, un revêtement magnétique ou cristallin, des fibres magnétiques, des traceurs détectables par résonance magnétique, des traceurs détectables par fluorescence X, une impression d'un vernis ou d'une encre, des traceurs luminescents ou fluorescents, des composés photochromiques, thermochromiques, électroluminescents et/ou piézochromiques et/ou qui changent de couleur en contact d'un ou plusieurs produits prédéterminés, des composés sensibles à un rayonnement micro-onde, des composés anti-stockes.If desired, the strip structure 7, 24, 30, 32 or 37 may include a security element chosen from: an element with variable and / or diffractive optical effect such as for example a holographic, iridescent or liquid crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibers, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, printing a varnish or an ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and / or piezochromic and / or color-changing compounds in contact with one or more predetermined products, compounds sensitive to microwave radiation, anti-stock compounds.

L'un des éléments de sécurité précités peut être incorporé dans la couche de vernis 27 ou 39.One of the aforementioned security elements can be incorporated into the layer of varnish 27 or 39.

Le vernis 39 peut être choisi pour interagir, notamment optiquement, avec l'élément de support en bande 38.The varnish 39 can be chosen to interact, in particular optically, with the strip support element 38.

On a représenté sur la figure 14 un document de sécurité et/ou de valeur 50 incorporant par exemple le matériau en feuille 28 décrit en référence à la figure 6.We have represented on the figure 14 a security and / or value document 50 incorporating for example the sheet material 28 described with reference to the figure 6 .

Le document 50 peut constituer un billet de banque.Document 50 can be a bank note.

En variante, le document peut constituer l'un des éléments suivants : un document d'identité, un feuillet ou une couverture de passeport, un visa, un coupon, un document de valeur autre qu'un billet de banque, par exemple un chèque ou une carte de crédit, une étiquette de protection et/ou d'authentification, une étiquette de traçabilité.As a variant, the document may constitute one of the following elements: an identity document, a passport cover or sheet, a visa, a coupon, a document of value other than a banknote, for example a check or a credit card, a protection and / or authentication label, a traceability label.

La structure en bande 24 s'étend d'un premier bord 51 du document 50 à un deuxième bord 52 opposé au premier.The strip structure 24 extends from a first edge 51 of the document 50 to a second edge 52 opposite the first.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 14, les fenêtres 12 formées par la structure en bande 24 sont identiques et présentent une forme rectangulaire.In the example of the figure 14 , the windows 12 formed by the strip structure 24 are identical and have a rectangular shape.

En variante, les fenêtres 12 peuvent être de forme circulaire ou avoir une toute autre forme.As a variant, the windows 12 can be circular in shape or have any other shape.

Comme illustré sur la figure 16, les fenêtres 12 peuvent par exemple présenter une forme définissant chacun un motif tel que, par exemple, un caractère alphanumérique, notamment une lettre de l'alphabet.As illustrated in the figure 16 , the windows 12 can for example have a shape each defining a pattern such as, for example, an alphanumeric character, in particular a letter of the alphabet.

Les différentes lettres peuvent former, le cas échéant, un mot.The different letters can form, if necessary, a word.

En variante, l'une des fenêtres 12 peut définir un chiffre ou un logo par exemple.As a variant, one of the windows 12 can define a number or a logo for example.

La structure en bande 24 peut présenter une largeur supérieure à 4 mm, notamment 5 mm, par exemple 20 mm.The strip structure 24 may have a width greater than 4 mm, in particular 5 mm, for example 20 mm.

Les fenêtres 12 peuvent présenter une largeur égale à celle de la structure en bande 24, comme illustré sur la figure 14 ou, en variante, une largeur plus faible que celle de la structure en bande 24, comme illustré sur la figure 15.The windows 12 may have a width equal to that of the strip structure 24, as illustrated in the figure 14 or, alternatively, a narrower width than that of the strip structure 24, as illustrated in the figure 15 .

Les différentes fenêtres 12 du document 50 peuvent présenter des couleurs différentes. Par exemple, dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 16, la lettre A peut apparaître en jaune fluorescent, la lettre B en rouge fluorescent et la lettre C en bleu fluorescent.The different windows 12 of the document 50 may have different colors. For example, in the example illustrated in figure 16 , the letter A can appear in fluorescent yellow, the letter B in fluorescent red and the letter C in fluorescent blue.

Les différentes fenêtres 12 peuvent présenter des propriétés différentes. Par exemple, dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 16, la lettre A peut présenter des propriétés de magnétisme « soft », la lettre B des propriétés de fluorescence et la lettre C des effets interférentiels.The different windows 12 can have different properties. For example, in the example illustrated in figure 16 , the letter A can have “soft” magnetism properties, the letter B for fluorescence properties and the letter C for interference effects.

On a illustré sur les figures 17 et 18 une structure en bande 5 comportant, sur une face, une pluralité de portions en relief principales 56 servant à former chacune une fenêtre principale sur une face de la couche fibreuse 5 et une pluralité de portions en relief additionnelles 57 ayant une épaisseur et une superficie plus faibles que celles des portions en relief principales 56 et agencées pour compenser une variation d'épaisseur de la structure en bande 55.We illustrated on Figures 17 and 18 a strip structure 5 comprising, on one face, a plurality of main raised portions 56 serving each to form a main window on one face of the fibrous layer 5 and a plurality of additional raised portions 57 having a thickness and an area more weak than those of the main raised portions 56 and arranged to compensate for a variation in thickness of the strip structure 55.

Les portions en relief 57 sont disposées, dans l'exemple considéré, de part et d'autre des portions en relief 56.The raised portions 57 are arranged, in the example considered, on either side of the raised portions 56.

On a représenté à la figure 19 une structure en bande 90 comportant un élément de support en bande 91 poreux et un élément 92 recouvrant partiellement l'élément en bande 91 afin de créer la portion en relief 10.We represented at the figure 19 a strip structure 90 comprising a porous strip support element 91 and an element 92 partially covering the strip element 91 in order to create the raised portion 10.

L'élément 91 est par exemple un élément, de préférence plan et non crénelé, qui comporte des ouvertures 93 constituées par exemple par des perforations.The element 91 is for example an element, preferably planar and not crenellated, which comprises openings 93 constituted for example by perforations.

Ces ouvertures 93 s'étendent, dans l'exemple considéré, sur sensiblement toute la surface de l'élément 91 ailleurs que sous l'élément 92, la section totale des ouvertures 93 représentant par exemple plus de 40 %, mieux plus de 50 %, de la superficie totale de l'élément 91, étant néanmoins par exemple inférieure ou égale à 60 %.These openings 93 extend, in the example considered, over substantially the entire surface of the element 91 elsewhere than under the element 92, the total section of the openings 93 representing for example more than 40%, better still more than 50% , of the total area of the element 91, being nevertheless for example less than or equal to 60%.

La présence des ouvertures 93 facilite l'enchevêtrement des fibres de papier et permet par conséquent un meilleur ancrage de la structure en bande au sein du matériau en feuille.The presence of the openings 93 facilitates the entanglement of the paper fibers and therefore allows better anchoring of the strip structure within the sheet material.

Cela peut permettre en outre d'utiliser des structures en bande ayant une largeur par exemple supérieure à 5 mm, mieux supérieure à 20 mm, par exemple de l'ordre de 25 mm.This can also make it possible to use strip structures having a width for example greater than 5 mm, better still greater than 20 mm, for example of the order of 25 mm.

La section de chacune des ouvertures 93 est par exemple supérieure à 3 mm2 et inférieure à 30 mm2.The section of each of the openings 93 is for example greater than 3 mm 2 and less than 30 mm 2 .

Dans l'exemple considéré, les ouvertures 93 sont des trous de section circulaire dont le diamètre est de préférence compris entre 1 et 3 mm, notamment voisin de 2 mm.In the example considered, the openings 93 are holes of circular section whose diameter is preferably between 1 and 3 mm, in particular close to 2 mm.

Les ouvertures 93 peuvent être réalisées par perforation, par exemple par poinçonnage ou à l'emporte-pièce.The openings 93 can be made by perforation, for example by punching or with a punch.

Les zones de l'élément de support 91 destinées à être recouvertes par le ou les éléments 92 peuvent comporter ou non les ouvertures 93, et de préférence n'en comportent pas.The areas of the support element 91 intended to be covered by the element or elements 92 may or may not have the openings 93, and preferably do not.

L'élément 92 qui crée la surépaisseur est par exemple un dépôt d'un revêtement, par exemple une ou plusieurs impressions d'un vernis. L'élément 92 peut encore être un film adhésif qui peut être transféré à froid ou à chaud dans le cas d'un adhésif thermoscellant.The element 92 which creates the additional thickness is for example a deposit of a coating, for example one or more impressions of a varnish. The element 92 can also be an adhesive film which can be transferred cold or hot in the case of a heat-sealing adhesive.

La surépaisseur créée par l'élément 92 est par exemple de l'ordre de 10 à 50 µm, étant de préférence voisine de 30 µm.The additional thickness created by the element 92 is for example of the order of 10 to 50 μm, preferably being close to 30 μm.

Le ou les éléments 92 peuvent n'être présents que d'un côté seulement de l'élément en bande 91 mais de préférence les éléments 92 sont présents sur les deux faces opposées de l'élément 91, étant disposés en regard deux à deux.The element (s) 92 may be present only on one side only of the strip element 91 but preferably the elements 92 are present on the two opposite faces of the element 91, being arranged facing each other in pairs.

On a représenté à la figure 20 un matériau en feuille dont la couche fibreuse 5 incorpore la structure en bande 90, l'élément 91 venant à affleurement d'une face 14 de la couche fibreuse 5, la face extérieure 97 de l'élément 92 venant à affleurement de la face opposée 11 du matériau en feuille.We represented at the figure 20 a sheet material, the fibrous layer 5 of which incorporates the strip structure 90, the element 91 being flush with one face 14 of the fibrous layer 5, the outer face 97 of the element 92 being flush with the opposite face 11 of the sheet material.

La structure en bande peut comporter, comme illustré à la figure 21, au moins une cavité 99 logeant un objet 100 tel que par exemple une puce d'un dispositif RFID ou des cristaux liquides. La cavité 99 peut être réalisée dans un élément de support en bande 91, poreux, par exemple présentant les caractéristiques décrites en référence à la figure 19.The strip structure may include, as illustrated in the figure 21 , at least one cavity 99 housing an object 100 such as for example a chip of an RFID device or liquid crystals. The cavity 99 can be produced in a support element in a strip 91, porous, for example having the characteristics described with reference to the figure 19 .

La cavité 99 peut s'étendre dans une zone de l'élément 91 qui est recouverte par les éléments 92 destinés à créer les surépaisseurs sur la structure en bande, ces éléments 92 assurant alors une protection de l'objet 100 contre les agressions extérieures telles que par exemple les contraintes mécaniques exercées lors de l'impression.The cavity 99 can extend in a zone of the element 91 which is covered by the elements 92 intended to create the extra thicknesses on the strip structure, these elements 92 then ensuring protection of the object 100 against external aggressions such as for example the mechanical stresses exerted during printing.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 21, la structure en bande est par exemple noyée dans l'épaisseur de la couche fibreuse 5, de telle sorte que l'élément 91 n'affleure pas sur les faces 11 et 14, seules les faces extérieures 97 des éléments 92 venant à affleurement de ces faces.In the example of the figure 21 , the strip structure is for example embedded in the thickness of the fibrous layer 5, so that the element 91 does not surface on the faces 11 and 14, only the outer faces 97 of the elements 92 coming out of these faces.

Dans des variantes non illustrées, l'élément de support 91 est une bande tricotée, à larges mailles.In variants not illustrated, the support element 91 is a knitted band, with wide stitches.

Bien entendu, les caractéristiques des différents modes de réalisation décrits peuvent être combinées entre elles au sein de variantes non illustrées.Of course, the characteristics of the various embodiments described can be combined with one another within variants not illustrated.

On peut par exemple réaliser une structure en bande avec sur une première face un élément en bande crénelé et sur une deuxième face opposée à la première un revêtement d'épaisseur variable définissant des portions en relief.It is possible, for example, to produce a strip structure with a crenellated strip element on a first face and on a second face opposite the first a coating of variable thickness defining portions in relief.

L'une au moins des portions en relief peut être formée par un dispositif électronique fixé sur un élément de support en bande, ce dispositif comprenant notamment une puce électronique.At least one of the raised portions can be formed by an electronic device fixed to a strip support element, this device comprising in particular an electronic chip.

Les portions en relief de la structure en bande peuvent être agencées pour former des surépaisseurs détectables au toucher sur les deux faces opposées de la couche fibreuse.The raised portions of the strip structure can be arranged to form thicknesses detectable by touch on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.

Le matériau en feuille peut par exemple servir à réaliser un élément de conditionnement tel qu'un emballage.The sheet material can for example be used to produce a packaging element such as packaging.

L'expression « comportant un » doit être comprise comme étant synonyme de « comportant au moins un », sauf si le contraire est spécifié.The expression "comprising a" should be understood as being synonymous with "comprising at least one", unless otherwise specified.

Claims (51)

  1. Process for the manufacture of a sheet material (6; 28; 28'; 31) by a paper manufacturing route, comprising at least one fibrous layer (5) exhibiting two opposite faces (11; 14) with, on each of its faces, at least one window (12; 13), the fibrous layer being formed by deposition of fibres on a surface (3), the sheet material furthermore comprising at least one strip structure (7; 24; 30; 32; 37; 90) at least partially embedded in the fibrous layer, the strip structure exhibiting two opposite faces (8; 9) with, on at least one of its faces, at least one protruding portion (10), the process comprising the following stage:
    - bringing the strip structure (7; 24; 30; 32; 37; 90) into contact with the fibrous layer being formed, the face (8) of the strip structure with the protruding portion (10) being positioned in an opposite manner to the said surface (3), the protruding portion (10) exhibiting a thickness sufficient to remain at least partially uncovered on one face of the fibrous layer, so as to bring about one (12) of the said windows of the fibrous layer.
  2. Process according to the preceding claim, the protruding portion (10) of the strip structure being flush with the corresponding face (11) of the fibrous layer.
  3. Process according to Claim 1, the protruding portion (10) of the strip structure projecting from the corresponding face (11) of the fibrous layer.
  4. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the protruding portion (10) of the strip structure exhibiting an at least partially hydrophobic external surface.
  5. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the strip structure (7; 30; 32) comprising at least one crenellated strip element (20; 30; 33; 34), in particular made of plastic, defining the said at least one protruding portion (10) of the strip structure.
  6. Process according to the preceding claim, the crenellated strip element (20; 30; 33; 34) comprising at least one crenellation produced by embossing, in particular by thermal embossing.
  7. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, the strip structure comprising a strip support element (25; 38) with at least one face at least partially covered with a coating (27; 39) exhibiting a thickness chosen in order to form the protruding portion of the strip structure.
  8. Process according to the preceding claim, the coating (27; 39) being deposited on the strip support element by screen printing.
  9. Process according to either of Claims 7 and 8, the coating (27; 39) being a hydrophobic coating.
  10. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, one of the faces of the strip structure (7; 24) being devoid of protruding portion used to form a window on a face of the fibrous layer.
  11. Process according to Claims 5 and 10, the strip structure comprising a first flat strip element (21) and a second crenellated strip element (20) assembled with the first, in particular with contribution of heat.
  12. Process according to Claims 7 and 10, one face only of the strip support element (21) being at least partially covered with a coating (20).
  13. Process according to any one of Claims 10 to 12, the surface (3) comprising at least one recessed zone (16) adjacent to at least one projecting zone (17) arranged in order to form, on the fibrous layer, at least one window (13).
  14. Process according to the preceding claim, the strip structure being brought against the immersed surface (3) so as to cause the protruding portion (10) of the strip structure to coincide with a recessed zone (16) of the said surface in order to form, on each face of the fibrous layer, a window positioned in an offset manner with respect to the window of the other face.
  15. Process according to Claim 13, the strip structure being brought against the surface (3) so as to cause the protruding portion (10) of the strip structure to coincide with a projecting zone (17) of the said surface in order to form, on each face of the fibrous layer, a window facing the window of the other face.
  16. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, the strip structure (30; 32; 37) comprising, on each of its opposite faces, at least one protruding portion (10) used to form, on each of the opposite faces of the fibrous layer, at least one window.
  17. Process according to the preceding claim, the protruding portions (10) on the opposite faces of the strip structure facing one another.
  18. Process according to Claim 16, the protruding portions (10) on the opposite faces of the strip structure being positioned in an offset manner with respect to one another.
  19. Process according to Claim 4 and any one of Claims 16 to 18, the strip structure comprising first and second crenellated strip elements (33; 34).
  20. Process according to the preceding claim, the strip structure comprising a third flat strip element (35) sandwiched between the first and second crenellated strip elements (33; 34).
  21. Process according to Claim 7 and any one of Claims 16 to 18, the opposite faces of the strip support element (38) being each covered with a coating (39) exhibiting a thickness chosen in order to form a protruding portion.
  22. Process according to any one of Claims 16 to 21, the protruding portion on the face of the strip structure facing the surface (3) exhibiting a greater thickness than that of the protruding portion on the other face of the strip structure.
  23. Process according to Claims 5 and 16, the strip structure comprising a single crenellated strip element (30) used to form windows on the two opposite faces of the fibrous layer.
  24. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, at least one of the protruding portions of the strip structure of the fibrous layer exhibiting a shape defining a pattern, chosen in particular from a letter of the alphabet, a number or a logo.
  25. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the strip structure comprising at least one security element chosen from: an element having a variable and/or diffractive optical effect, such as, for example, a holographic, iridescent or liquid-crystal element, interference compounds, a magnetic or crystalline coating, magnetic fibres, tracers detectable by magnetic resonance, tracers detectable by X-ray fluorescence, a printing of a varnish or of an ink, luminescent or fluorescent tracers, photochromic, thermochromic, electroluminescent and/or piezochromic compounds and/or compounds which change colour on contact with one or more predetermined products, compounds sensitive to microwave radiation or anti-Stokes compounds.
  26. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the strip structure comprising, on at least one face, two protruding portions used to form two windows of the fibrous layer, these protruding portions exhibiting different properties, in particular optical, physical and/or chemical properties.
  27. Process according to the preceding claim, the said two protruding portions (10) exhibiting different colours.
  28. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the strip structure comprising, on one face, at least one main protruding portion (56) used to form a main window on a face of the fibrous layer and at least one additional protruding portion (57) having in particular a thickness and a surface area which are lower than those of the main protruding portion and which is arranged in order to compensate for a variation in thickness of the strip structure, in the vicinity of the main protruding portion.
  29. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the fibrous layer (5) being manufactured on a cylinder mould paper machine, the surface (3) being defined by the forming fabric immersed in a dispersion of fibrous substance of the machine.
  30. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the strip structure being porous, in particular the strip support element of Claim 7 being porous.
  31. Process according to Claim 30, the strip structure comprising openings.
  32. Process according to Claim 31, the openings having a section of between 3 mm2 and 30 mm2.
  33. Process according to Claim 31 or 32, the surface area occupied by the openings being greater than or equal to 40% of the total surface area of the strip structure seen from above, better still greater than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 60%.
  34. Process according to any one of Claims 30 to 33, the strip structure comprising a porous, in particular perforated, strip support element and the protruding portion (10) being added to the strip element.
  35. Process according to Claim 34, the protruding portion being formed by a coating, in particular one or more printings of a varnish, or by an adhesive film transferred under hot or cold conditions.
  36. Process according to Claim 34 or 35, the protruding portion (10) creating an excess thickness ranging from 10 µm to 50 µm, preferably from 25 to 35 µm, at the surface of the strip structure.
  37. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, the strip structure comprising at least one cavity in which an object, in particular a security element, is at least partially positioned.
  38. Process according to Claim 37, the object being a chip or a layer of liquid crystals.
  39. Process according to Claim 37 or 38, the cavity being produced in a strip support element and the object being partially covered, on at least one side, with an element at least partially defining the protruding portion (10).
  40. Process according to Claim 37, the strip support element being porous, in particular perforated.
  41. Process according to Claim 39 or 40, the object being covered on both its sides with elements defining protruding portions (10) of the strip structure.
  42. Sheet material comprising at least one single-ply fibrous layer (5) exhibiting two opposite faces with at least one window on each of its faces, the sheet material furthermore comprising at least one strip structure (7; 24; 30; 32; 37; 90) at least partially embedded in the fibrous layer, the strip structure comprising at least one protruding portion, the shape of at least one of the windows being defined by the protruding portion, the latter being flush with a face of the fibrous layer or projecting from the latter.
  43. Material according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the windows on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer are positioned facing one another.
  44. Material according to either of Claims 42 and 43, characterized in that the windows on the opposite faces of the fibrous layer are positioned in an offset manner with respect to one another.
  45. Material according to any one of Claims 42 to 44, characterized in that at least one of the windows exhibits a smaller width than that of the strip structure.
  46. Material according to any one of Claims 42 to 45, characterized in that the strip structure exhibits a width of greater than 4 mm, in particular 5 mm, for example 10, 15 or 20 mm.
  47. Sheet material according to Claim 42, the strip structure comprising a porous strip support element, in particular exhibiting openings (93) having a section ranging from 3 mm2 to 30 mm2, and at least one element defining a protruding portion (10) on the strip structure, this protruding portion having an obvious external face.
  48. Sheet material according to Claim 47, the strip support element comprising a cavity having an object (100) positioned inside, in particular a security element, such as a chip or liquid crystals, the object and the strip support element being at least partially covered on at least one face, better still on two opposite faces, with elements (92) of the strip structure defining protruding portions having obvious faces.
  49. Security document and/or document of value (50) comprising a sheet material as defined in any one of Claims 42 to 48.
  50. Document according to the preceding claim, constituting one of the following elements: a bank note, an identity document, a passport page or cover, a visa, a ticket, a document of value other than a bank note, for example a cheque or a credit card, a protective and/or authenticating label or a traceability label.
  51. Packaging element, in particular a package, comprising a sheet material as defined in any one of Claims 42 to 48.
EP06794526.1A 2005-08-16 2006-08-03 Sheet material and production method thereof Not-in-force EP1917396B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0552516A FR2889853B1 (en) 2005-08-16 2005-08-16 SHEET MATERIAL AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
PCT/FR2006/050785 WO2007020359A2 (en) 2005-08-16 2006-08-03 Sheet material and production method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1917396A2 EP1917396A2 (en) 2008-05-07
EP1917396B1 true EP1917396B1 (en) 2020-03-11

Family

ID=36593008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06794526.1A Not-in-force EP1917396B1 (en) 2005-08-16 2006-08-03 Sheet material and production method thereof

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1917396B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2791680T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2889853B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007020359A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2929962B1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2021-06-25 Arjowiggins Licensing Sas METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A SHEET INCLUDING AN UNDERTHICKNESS OR AN EXCESS THICKNESS AT THE LEVEL OF A RIBBON AND ASSOCIATED SHEET.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3601114A1 (en) * 1986-01-16 1987-07-23 Gao Ges Automation Org METHOD FOR PRODUCING SECURITY PAPER WITH STORED SECURITY THREAD
GB8912750D0 (en) * 1989-06-02 1989-07-19 Portals Ltd Security paper
SE470400B (en) * 1992-07-07 1994-02-14 Eric Rothfjell Banknote and method for making a banknote, which is provided with a fiber-thinned and reinforced reinforcement area in the form of an optical window
DE4314380B4 (en) * 1993-05-01 2009-08-06 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Security paper and process for its production
WO1995009274A1 (en) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-06 Arjo Wiggins S.A. Security paper having a transparent zone of substantially zero opacity
GB2311303B (en) * 1996-03-18 2000-09-13 Portals Ltd Reinforced windowed paper incorporating a security element
GB9828770D0 (en) * 1998-12-29 1999-02-17 Rue De Int Ltd Security paper
GB2394696B (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-09-29 Rue De Int Ltd Improvements in security papers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2889853A1 (en) 2007-02-23
EP1917396A2 (en) 2008-05-07
FR2889853B1 (en) 2007-10-12
WO2007020359A2 (en) 2007-02-22
WO2007020359A3 (en) 2007-04-12
ES2791680T3 (en) 2020-11-05

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