EP2172961A1 - Entladungsgefäss für Entladungslampen hoher Intensität - Google Patents
Entladungsgefäss für Entladungslampen hoher Intensität Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2172961A1 EP2172961A1 EP09169339A EP09169339A EP2172961A1 EP 2172961 A1 EP2172961 A1 EP 2172961A1 EP 09169339 A EP09169339 A EP 09169339A EP 09169339 A EP09169339 A EP 09169339A EP 2172961 A1 EP2172961 A1 EP 2172961A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- emitting
- portions
- vessel
- central
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
- H01J61/86—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes, e.g. for optical projection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
- H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
- H01J61/35—Vessels; Containers provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light-emitting container for high intensity discharge lamp.
- translucent ceramics transmits visible light therethrough, they have been used as a light-emitting container for a high intensity discharge lamp.
- translucent alumina ceramics is used as a light-emitting container for a high intensity discharge lamp.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-6198A describes the high-pressure discharge lamp for automobile headlight, in which the central portion of the light-emitting vessel is made thinner to dispose a luminance center at the central portion, and condensing efficiency of projected beam to a focal point is improved.
- a high intensity discharge lamp electric discharge between electrodes is first generated in starting gas such as mercury vapor and argon gas, sodium or metal iodide being a light-emitting material is vaporized and gasified by utilizing thermal energy caused by the discharge energy, the light-emitting material is further excited by the energy of electrons discharging between electrodes, and light that is generated when electrons of the light-emitting material return from an excited state to a ground state is utilized as a light source.
- starting gas such as mercury vapor and argon gas
- sodium or metal iodide being a light-emitting material is vaporized and gasified by utilizing thermal energy caused by the discharge energy, the light-emitting material is further excited by the energy of electrons discharging between electrodes, and light that is generated when electrons of the light-emitting material return from an excited state to a ground state is utilized as a light source.
- the higher the vapor pressure of the light-emitting material becomes the higher the probability of collision between the discharging electrons and the light-emitting material gets, and excitation of the light-emitting material can be easily occurred and light emission efficiency increases.
- To increase the vapor pressure of the light-emitting material it is necessary to raise the temperature of the light-emitting material, and it is important to hold gas temperature inside the light-emitting vessel at a high level for that purpose.
- Light emission is generated by utilizing electric discharge between electrodes in the high intensity discharge lamp as described, temperature of a light emitting area becomes the highest and temperature of the base of electrodes and the rear portions of the electrodes becomes lower.
- the lowest temperature area is called the coolest point, and since the vapor pressure of the light-emitting material inside the lamp is controlled by the coolest point, raising the temperature of the coolest point is important in increasing the vapor pressure of the light-emitting material.
- the ceramic light-emitting vessel is generally translucent but not transparent, the entire light-emitting vessel emits light by light created and emitted by a plasma arc, and the size of a light source becomes the same as the size of the light-emitting vessel. For this reason, it is difficult to control a light-emitting region according to the performance of lighting equipment used in combination with the light-emitting vessel. In a lamp where a relatively large light source size is accepted such as a lamp for general illumination use, a light source size being larger compared to lighting equipment does not become a serious problem. But the light source size of the ceramic light-emitting vessel is too large as a headlight for automobile or a lamp for projector, and combination with lighting equipment is difficult.
- a luminance center can be arranged at the central light-emitting portion.
- the light and thermal radiation from the end plugs and the tubular portions are suppressed from the both sides of the central light-emitting portion to prevent accumulation or liquefaction of gas at the coolest point, and color temperature stability should have been improved.
- An object of the present invention is to improve the color temperature stability of light emission and maintain durability when repeating light-on and light-off, while narrowing light emission from the light-emitting vessel.
- a light-emitting container for a high intensity discharge lamp of the present invention comprises:
- condensing efficiency to projected beam can be increased by making the central light-emitting portion of the light-emitting vessel relatively thinner and arranging a luminance center there.
- the light-shielding film for coating the outer surface of the thick portions at the both sides of the central light-emitting portion over full-circumference around the tube axis of the light-emitting vessel, light emission can be concentrated on the central light-emitting portion.
- the outer surface of the side end portions and the tubular portion is designed not to be coated with the light-shielding film. Then, color temperature stability is remarkably improved and durability when repeating light-on and light-off is also improved.
- the object of the prior arts is to obtain color temperature stability by coating the surface of the side end portions and the tubular portions with the light-shielding film.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the light-emitting container for high intensity discharge lamp 1 used in a metal halide lamp
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing an appearance of the container 1.
- a light-emitting vessel 7 of the light-emitting container 1 includes a central light-emitting portion 7e, thick portions 7d on the both sides of the central light-emitting portion 7e, and side end portions 7c on the outer side of each thick portion 7d.
- the central light-emitting portion 7e is depressed from outside to the thick portions 7d in this example, and the inner surface of the central light-emitting portion and the inner surface of the thick portion are smoothly continued.
- a tubular portion (leg portion) 3 is attached to the outer side of each side end portion.
- An electrode holding member 2 is inserted through an inner space 3a of the tubular portion 3, and an electrode 5 is attached to an inner end of the electrode holding member 2.
- An outer end portion of the electrode holding member 2 is sealed against an inner wall surface of the tubular portion 3 by a sealing material 4, and further sealed against the outer end surface of the tubular portion 3 by a sealing material 12.
- a pair of the electrodes 5 are positioned in the inner space of the light-emitting vessel 7, and designed such that electric discharge can be generated between the electrodes 5.
- the thick portion means having thickness larger than the thickness of the central light-emitting portion, and in the present invention, the thick portions are formed on the both sides of the central light-emitting portion.
- the thickness t of the central light-emitting portion 7e is smaller than the thickness T of the thick portions 7d.
- an outer surface 7f of the central light-emitting portion 7e is depressed from an outer surface 7b of each thick portion 7d, and thus the thickness of the central light-emitting portion is relatively small.
- An inner wall surface of the central light-emitting portion 7e and an inner wall surface of each thick portion 7d are smoothly continued and do not have a step. However, the inner wall surface of the central light-emitting portion 7e can be depressed from the inner wall surface of each thick portion 7d.
- each thick portion 7d is coated with a light-shielding film 11.
- the light-shielding film 11 coats the outer surface 7b of the thick portion so as to go around the light-emitting vessel assigning the tube axis O of the light-emitting vessel as a center.
- the surface of a step side surface 7g between each thick portion 7d and the central light-emitting portion may be also coated with the light-shielding film 11.
- the outer surface 7f of the central light-emitting portion 7e, an outer surface 7a of each side end portion 7c and an outer surface 3b of each tubular portion 3 are not coated with the light-shielding film.
- a projection range of light from a light emission area 6 of a plasma arc is limited within the region of a projection angle ⁇ .
- the projection range is smaller than a total length L of the light-emitting vessel 7.
- the ceramic light-emitting vessel is translucent but not transparent, the entire light-emitting vessel emits light by light created and emitted by the plasma arc, and the size of a light source becomes the same as the size of the light-emitting vessel. For this reason, in a headlight for automobile or a light source lamp of a projector in which a small light source size is required, it is difficult to realize a light source size suitable for the performance of lighting equipment.
- a translucent portion is made smaller, and a light source size can be the size of 2 mm ⁇ ⁇ 4 mm which is equal to the filament size of a halogen lamp. Furthermore, to apply for the light source for projector, the light source size can be 1 mm or less in diameter.
- the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention can be applied for other illumination devices to which pseudo point light source is applicable, such as a headlight for automobile, an OHP (overhead projector) and a liquid crystal projector.
- a headlight for automobile an OHP (overhead projector) and a liquid crystal projector.
- the central light-emitting portion means a relatively small thickness area of the light-emitting vessel 7, which is sandwiched between the thick portions on the both sides.
- the thick portions are areas between the central light-emitting portion and the side end portions. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , an area between an inner wall surface 13 of the side end portion 7b and the step 14 to the central light-emitting portion should be the thick portion.
- the side end portion means a plate-shaped area that plugs up the both ends of the light-emitting vessel.
- a ratio of a length p of the central light-emitting portion to the total length L of the light-emitting vessel 7 be 90% to 5%, and more preferably, 60% to 10% from the viewpoint of obtaining a light source of an appropriate size.
- a ratio of the surfaces 7b or 7g of the thick portion occupied by the light-shielding film be 30% or more, and more preferably, 50% or more from the viewpoint of the present invention.
- the light-shielding film may coat the entire outer surface of each thick portion. Further, it is preferable that the light-shielding film coat 20% or more and 95% or less of the surface area of the outer surface of the light-emitting vessel.
- the thickness t of the central light-emitting portion be 1.5 mm or less, and more preferably, 1.0 mm or less. Further, it is preferable that the thickness t of the central light-emitting portion be 0.3 mm or more from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.
- the thickness T of the thick portion be 0.5 mm or more from the viewpoint of color temperature stability, and more preferably, 1.0 mm or more. However, if the thickness T of the thick portion exceeds 5 mm, thermal stress during light-on is increased to reduce the reliability of the light-emitting vessel, so that the thickness T is preferably 5 mm or less.
- a ratio of the thickness T of the thick portion be 1.1 or more, and more preferably 1.5 or more, from the viewpoint of the present invention. Further, it is preferable that, when the thickness t of the central light-emitting portion is set to 1, the ratio of the thickness T of the thick portion be 10 or less, and more preferably 5 or less, from the viewpoint of avoiding stress concentration to the step area.
- the thick portions thicker than the translucent portion by forming a thick difference by devising the inside and outside die shapes or making the thickness of an area corresponding to the translucent portion thinner by machining from outside.
- the machining to make the thickness thinner it is easier to perform in the state of molded body before sintering (Green Machining) than performing after sintering.
- the linear transmittance of the light-shielding film may be 3% or less, and more preferably, 1% or less.
- a dark-colored coating material that absorbs light is desirable.
- the temperature of the light-emitting vessel could reach approximately 1000°C during use, it is desirable that the material has excellent heat resistance.
- the material be a material having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of the light-emitting vessel.
- a cermet material consisting of refractory metal such as tungsten and molybdenum and a ceramic material such as alumina is preferable as a coating material of the thick portion.
- the thickness of the coating material be 3 ⁇ m or more to obtain sufficient light-shielding performance. Further, if the thickness exceeds 10 ⁇ m, it is too thick due to mismatch of thermal expansion and the material can be easily peeled from the light-emitting vessel.
- the cermet material is transformed into a paste-state, and then coated on the outside surface of the light-emitting vessel after temporary sintering by a screen printing method or the like at a predetermined position and thickness, and a coating film can be formed on the light-emitting vessel surface by hydrogen atmosphere baking after drying.
- the followings can be exemplified as semi-transparent translucent ceramics that constitute the light-emitting vessel: polycrystal Al 2 O 3 , AlN and AlON or single crystal Al 2 O 3 , YAG and Y 2 O 3 having the surface roughness of Ra ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ m.
- semi-transparent means the following light transmittance: total light transmittance of 85% or more and linear transmittance of 45% or less.
- the luminance center means an area having the highest luminance in the light-emitting portion. It is not necessary that the luminance center be one point, but may extend in a direction of vertical section.
- a high intensity discharge lamp means a mercury lamp using mercury as the light-emitting material, a high-pressure sodium lamp using sodium as the light-emitting material, and a metal halide lamp using metal iodide as the light-emitting material.
- Polycrystal ceramics are molded by a molding method such as extrusion molding suitable for a desired shape, press molding such as dry-bag pressing, cast molding, injection molding, and gel cast molding.
- a molded body of a light-emitting container for high intensity discharge lamp which is used for the metal halide lamp shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , was manufactured by the gel cast molding method.
- the diameter and thickness of the central light-emitting portion 7e were set to 3.9 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively, and the thickness of each thick portion 7d was set to 1.7 mm.
- the thickness of the tubular portion 3 was set to 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the side end portion was set to 1.3 mm.
- an outer die and an inner die were prepared, slurry for gel cast molding was cast into a gap formed between the outer die and the inner die, and released from the dies after curing.
- a male molded body and a female molded body obtained were baked in the atmosphere of 1300°C in a fitted state, binder was removed and the bodies were temporary baked into a unified body. Then, paste made of tungsten powder and alumina powder was coated on an area corresponding to the thick portion of the unified temporarily baked body by a screen printing method and then dried.
- the alumina temporary-sintered body was baked in the hydrogen atmosphere of 1800°C for three hours, and the light-emitting container 1 made of translucent polycrystal alumina ceramics was manufactured.
- the average grain diameter of the crystal of the light-emitting container 1 after sintering is 25 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the tubular portion 3 is 0.4 mm.
- the total length L of the light-emitting vessel 7 is 10 mm
- the diameter of the central light-emitting portion 7e is 3 mm
- the length p is 4 mm
- the thickness t is 0.5 mm.
- the length n and the thickness T of the thick portion 7b are 2 mm and 1.3 mm, respectively.
- the light-shielding film 11 made of tungsten-alumina cermet and having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m was formed.
- the linear transmittance of the light-shielding film 11 is 2% or less.
- the light-shielding film 11 coats 100% of step surface 7g between the outer surface 7b of each thick portion 7d and the central light-emitting portion.
- the electrode holding member 2 which was formed by joining the electrodes 5 including a coil portion made of tungsten to an introducing conductor portion made of niobium via molybdenum, was inserted into one tubular portion 3 of the light-emitting container 1.
- the position of a joint portion between the introducing conductor portion and molybdenum was temporarily fixed by a jig such that the introducing conductor comes outside a capillary in the vicinity of a capillary end portion.
- a ring-shaped sealing frit material was inserted from the introducing conductor and placed on the capillary end portion, the area was heated and melted to a predetermined temperature and air-tightly sealed.
- FIG. 1 shows the sectional view of the light-emitting vessel during light-on.
- Color stability of the lamp was evaluated by evaluating time dependency of color rendering properties.
- the lamp indicated color rendering properties index Ra85 at the initial state, and indicated a substantially equal value of color rendering properties index 83 even after 1,000 hours of lighting test. Further, lamp light emission efficiency that was simultaneously evaluated was 90 lm/W at the initial state and maintained substantially equal lamp light emission efficiency of 88 lm/W after 1,000 hours of lighting test.
- Durability of the lamp was evaluated by repeating light-on/light-off and confirming changes of the light emission efficiency of the lamp.
- the lamp light emission efficiency after 1,000 cycles of light-on/light-off test was 85 lm/W comparing to the initial lamp light emission efficiency of 90 lm/W, which was maintained at substantially equal lamp light emission efficiency after the light-on/light-off test.
- Example 1 the outer surface 7a of each side end portion 7c and the outer surface 3b of each tubular portion 3 were coated with the light-shielding film 11 in addition to the outer surface 7b of each thick portion 7d. Test results are shown below.
- Color stability of the lamp was evaluated by evaluating the time dependency of color rendering properties similarly to the Example.
- the lamp indicated color rendering properties index Ra85 at the initial state.
- the color rendering properties index is reduced to 60 after 400 hours, and the lamp became light-out at 500 hours.
- Durability of the lamp was evaluated by repeating light-on/light-off and confirming changes of the light emission efficiency of the lamp similarly to the Example.
- the lamp light emission efficiency after 300 cycles of light-on/light-off test was deteriorated to 50 lm/W comparing to the initial lamp light emission efficiency of 90 lm/W, and the lamp became light-out at 350th cycle.
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008226796A JP5243153B2 (ja) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | 高輝度放電灯用発光容器 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2172961A1 true EP2172961A1 (de) | 2010-04-07 |
EP2172961B1 EP2172961B1 (de) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=41692922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09169339A Active EP2172961B1 (de) | 2008-09-04 | 2009-09-03 | Entladungsgefäss für Entladungslampen hoher Intensität |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2172961B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5243153B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE505809T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE602009001080D1 (de) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5708328A (en) | 1992-06-03 | 1998-01-13 | General Electric Company | Universal burn metal halide lamp |
EP0869540A1 (de) | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-07 | General Electric Company | Metallhalogenidentladungslampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäss und Herstellungsverfahren |
JP2004006198A (ja) | 2002-07-26 | 2004-01-08 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 高圧放電灯、照明装置、自動車用ヘッドランプおよび高圧放電灯用発光管 |
WO2004023517A1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-03-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Mercury free metal halide lamp |
US20040056600A1 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-03-25 | Lapatovich Walter P. | Electric lamp with condensate reservoir and method of operation thereof |
JP2006093045A (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | 高圧放電ランプおよび照明装置 |
US20060108927A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-25 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrisch Gluhlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05283050A (ja) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-29 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | 投光光源装置 |
JPH06342644A (ja) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-12-13 | Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd | 反射型高圧放電灯 |
JPH07130336A (ja) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-19 | Matsushita Electron Corp | メタルハライドランプ |
JP2004227983A (ja) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Nec Lighting Ltd | 超高圧水銀ランプ |
JP4743847B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-18 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | 自動車用前照灯 |
US7852006B2 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2010-12-14 | General Electric Company | Ceramic lamp having molybdenum-rhenium end cap and systems and methods therewith |
JP2007026921A (ja) * | 2005-07-19 | 2007-02-01 | Koito Mfg Co Ltd | 自動車用放電バルブ |
-
2008
- 2008-09-04 JP JP2008226796A patent/JP5243153B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-09-03 DE DE602009001080T patent/DE602009001080D1/de active Active
- 2009-09-03 AT AT09169339T patent/ATE505809T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-09-03 EP EP09169339A patent/EP2172961B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5708328A (en) | 1992-06-03 | 1998-01-13 | General Electric Company | Universal burn metal halide lamp |
EP0869540A1 (de) | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-07 | General Electric Company | Metallhalogenidentladungslampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäss und Herstellungsverfahren |
JPH10335059A (ja) | 1997-04-04 | 1998-12-18 | General Electric Co <Ge> | セラミックメタルハライドアークランプおよびその製法 |
JP2004006198A (ja) | 2002-07-26 | 2004-01-08 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 高圧放電灯、照明装置、自動車用ヘッドランプおよび高圧放電灯用発光管 |
WO2004023517A1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-03-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Mercury free metal halide lamp |
US20040056600A1 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-03-25 | Lapatovich Walter P. | Electric lamp with condensate reservoir and method of operation thereof |
JP2006093045A (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | 高圧放電ランプおよび照明装置 |
US20060108927A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-25 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrisch Gluhlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE505809T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
DE602009001080D1 (de) | 2011-05-26 |
JP2010062010A (ja) | 2010-03-18 |
JP5243153B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
EP2172961B1 (de) | 2011-04-13 |
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