Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
  • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
  • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
  • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations

Definitions

• the invention relates to an antenna device, in particular an antenna antenna-shaped antenna device having a plurality of mutually offset, at least in a cultivation direction rays, according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Antenna devices in particular for stationary mobile radio stations, are well known.
• antenna devices which are usually designed in the form of an antenna array, and for this purpose comprises a plurality of emitters, for example arranged offset from one another in the vertical direction, which are arranged in front of a reflector surface.
• the entire reflector does not necessarily have to be arranged vertically, but can be oriented at a certain angle to the vertical.
• the entire assembly is then housed in a housing called a radome, which appears to be "transparent” or "semi-transparent” to electromagnetic radiation.
• Such antenna devices are usually-as is known, for example, from EP 1 601 046 A1-anchored and mounted on masts, walls, etc. by means of at least two mounting plates or mounting lugs displaced in the longitudinal direction of the antenna device.
• the assembly approaches in question are usually fixedly connected to the housing / radome or also have a fixed continuous connection with the inner support structure of the antenna device, for example in the form of the reflector.
• this is often also possible without any problems since the temperature-related length expansions with respect to the plastic material used for the radome and the metal parts are in a similar size arrangement, so that no fundamental problems occur here.
• Such MobiIfunkanlagen mentioned above allow mobile subscribers not only handle the mobile phone calls, but also allow users to surf while on the go, for example by means of GPRS, UMTS via Wi-Fi hotspots and the like.
• WiMAX technology is gaining in importance (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access).
• two main applications can be integrated.
• it is a stationary radio alternative to fixed-line DSL, ie a quasi-wireless (wire less) DSL.
• this technique can be described as a wide-area LAN, a type of WLAN (Wireless Metropolitan Access).
• the main advantage, especially in the latter case is that the catchment area, ie the coverage area or generally the so-called hotspot of such a wireless base station is much larger and even more distant mobile users on this base station, for example, can surf the Internet .
• Such a hotspot can certainly supply a range of a few kilometers in diameter and enable network access in this area, via which ultimately communication via voice is also possible. Services and structure of the network are similar to a UMTS network.
• this technique is not fixed or restricted to particular frequency ranges, it can generally be said that it is an application area above a frequency of 2 GHz, for example in the 2 GHz range, but also in the 3.5 GHz range or even in the so-called 5.8 GHz range, etc.
• the dimensions and in particular the radiators and the distances between the radiators are significantly smaller than in the conventional mobile radio ranges, for example in the 900 MHz range, in the 1800 to 1900 MHz range or, for example, in the UMTS range of about 2.3 GHz.
• the materials commonly used for the antenna housing, the so-called radome quite well lead to a significant weakening of the electromagnetic radiation, so to an undesirable attenuation when passing through such a radome.
• the radiation is not only dampened, but also scattered. Furthermore, unwanted effects on the diagram itself are possible.
• Object of the present invention is to provide an antenna for these applications in particular, which can be used without problems even when using a variety of materials for the radome, for example, using thermoplastics.
• Thermoplastics have the serious disadvantage that they have significantly higher, temperature-related expansion coefficients, which differ significantly from the coefficients of expansion, in particular of the metals.
• this may mean, for a length of an antenna housing / radome of, for example, 70 cm, that the radome changes by 8 mm in length compared with the metallic supporting parts at room temperature, ie, the radome shortens or lengthens by 4 mm, which results in the example given, the maximum change in length of 8 mm.
• the radome becomes leaking and moisture can penetrate into the interior, which must be avoided.
• the invention provides an improved design option, which takes into account these differentiated temperature-induced expansions.
• an antenna support and / or reflector device usually supported in the interior of a housing / radome at two points or regions offset from one another is not fixedly connected to the housing / radome, but that, in addition to a fixed connection point, at least one mounting device for the antenna support and / or reflector direction is provided, which is provided with an inner length compensation device.
• This inner length compensation device is constructed so that it allows a temperature-induced length expansion of the housing / radome relative to the antenna support and / or reflector device in the interior of the housing / radome.
• the invention has a variety of other advantages.
• an energy storage device is furthermore provided, over which mutually directed contact forces are exerted on the opposite end caps, which are seated on the opposite end faces on the housing / radome.
• a preferred embodiment is an outer one Length compensation device provided, which makes it possible to attach a corresponding antenna device, in particular with a housing / radome, for example, on a mast, a housing, etc., so that here also a length expansion of the housing / radome without impairment and damage is possible, even if the external Fastening devices are fixed in place.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional representation of an antenna device according to the invention with the upper part of the antenna housing / radome partially removed in section;
• Figure 2 is a similar to Figure 1 perspective view of the antenna device with partially cut away parts of the housing / radome including the end face opposite end or cover caps to illustrate the mounting ge grout;
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic vertical longitudinal section through the antenna device (without depiction of the antenna device and without depiction of the emitters and of the antenna
• Figure 3a a modified embodiment to
• FIG. 3
• FIG. 4 shows a partial plan view of the antenna device with the upper part of the housing / radome removed
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic, partially cross-sectional view of a modified embodiment with a mounting fixture with length compensation
• Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of a modified embodiment of an inner mounting means in the form of a deformable spring means in a first loading condition
• FIG. 7 shows a corresponding illustration to FIG. 5 in a different load state with different temperature-induced length expansion of the housing / radome relative to the inner support and / or radome device.
• FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic three-dimensional representation, a first exemplary embodiment of an antenna device, such as is suitable in particular for frequency ranges above 2 GHz, for example for the so-called wireless WiMAX technology.
• the antenna device comprises a housing 1, which is also sometimes referred to below as a radome.
• the housing has an upper side 1a (FIG. 2), which is usually slightly convex or convex at least transversely to the longitudinal extension of the housing, that is, which is at least slightly bulged outwards.
• the upper side 1a of the housing / radome is arcuate into side wall sections 1b, which are also designed slightly bulging outwards again.
• the cross-sectional shape of the housing / radome in the embodiment shown is rather trapezoidal shaped, such that the Radom top Ia lying in the jet direction has an at least slightly greater width than the distance between the opposite side wall sections Ib in the region of the underside of the housing / Radom.
• the housing / radome 1 has a rear wall or a bottom Id, which is designed flat in the exemplary embodiment shown.
• the above construction is only exemplary.
• the corresponding housing / radome can in principle have any desired cross-sectional shapes or other shapes, for example a straight upper side, even a concavely curved upper side, upper sides or side walls with groove-like depressions etc. Restrictions do not exist in this respect.
• two parallel chambers Ie which are basically, except for the below-discussed openings for the fastening device, closed, the chambers Ie by a distance to the floor Id running chamber wall If is limited, which is sometimes called as the supporting wall Ig.
• the actual antenna device is provided with a reflector 9 which is mounted on the floor - Id wall is positioned or at a small distance parallel to the bottom or rear wall Id and ends at a distance in front of the opposite end faces of the housing / radome.
• a plurality of radiators or radiating means 11 are arranged at a distance from each other in the embodiment shown.
• these are dual-polarized radiating devices 11 which, when the antenna is mounted vertically, transmit and / or receive in two mutually perpendicular polarizations which are oriented at 45 'to the vertical or horizontal.
• the reflector 9 has side delimitations 9a and end-side transverse delimitations 9b and transverse delimitations 9c running between two longitudinal side delimiters seated on the reflector plane or at a small distance therefrom, which can be provided between two radiators 11 ,
• the mounting device for mounting such an antenna for example, on a mast or on a housing, etc., received.
• the antenna offset at its back to each other lying each have a mounting device 15, ie, a first mounting device 15 'and a second mounting device 15 "in plan view a U-shaped bracket - ie a plan view in a U-shaped plate - is approximated and has two connected to the antenna mounting leg 15a and one, the two mounting legs transverse to each other connecting portion 15b, which is provided with openings 16, for example by means of screws
• a mounting device 15 ie
• a first mounting device 15 'and a second mounting device 15 in plan view a U-shaped bracket - ie a plan view in a U-shaped plate - is approximated and has two connected to the antenna mounting leg 15a and one, the two mounting legs transverse to each other connecting portion 15b, which is provided with openings 16, for example by means of screws
• To fix appropriate antenna to a wall, housing wall or using a stirrup with an antenna mast by passing screws through the holes 16 and secured with the counter-bracket, such as nuts ..
• FIGS. 2 and 3 it can be seen that, for example, the right-hand mounting device 15, 15 'is fixedly connected to the housing / radome by means of two screws 21, a hole 25 being congruent to a respective bore 23 in the respective mounting leg 15a of the mounting device 15 rear chamber wall sections If is introduced.
• a holding or supporting device 27 which serves as a counter-pressing member (counter plate) and is also provided with a further, congruent to the bore 23 and 25 extending bore 29.
• the screw 21 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 with external screw head 21a with its associated threaded portion can then be inserted so that it can be screwed into a nut 33 located inside chamber Ie.
• Serving as a counter-plate holding and mounting rail 27 is also U-shaped in cross section (transverse to the longitudinal direction), thus has leg portions and a connecting flat central portion, so that the support and support rail 27 in cross section in approximately the cross-sectional shape (with slightly smaller dimension) corresponds to the chambers Ie, that is to say that it is correspondingly applied on and resting on the wall sections of the chamber Ie.
• the screw 21 can be tightened as necessary or fully.
• internal support and support means 27 with the outer mounting leg 15a to sandwich receiving a portion of the chamber wall If performing support wall Ig - which is part of the housing / radome 1 of the antenna - screwed and braced that a safe and solid Anchoring the mounting device 15, 15 'on the housing / Radom 1 is guaranteed.
• the holding and carrying device 27 is not only designed plate-shaped, but extends almost over the entire length of the housing / radome within the chamber Ie, ie to the opposite end of the chamber, to which the opposite second mounting device 15 is mounted.
• This second mounting device 15, 15 is provided with a length compensation device 35.
• each mounting leg 15a two offset in the longitudinal direction of the mounting leg 15a bores 23 are provided through which a respective screw 37 can be passed for attachment.
• holding and carrying rail 27 in the same longitudinal distance to the bores 23 inside bores 29 on the holding and carrying device 27, hereinafter also referred to briefly as holding and carrying rail 27, introduced to pass the additional threaded shaft of the screws 37 and an associated, screwed inside the chamber Ie nut 33 tightly.
• the threaded shaft 37 ' is surrounded by a spacer sleeve 39 as Einwind-Begrenzsein- device 239, which is limited with increasing tightening of the screw 37, the minimum distance at which the mounting leg 15a with the holding and support rail located within the chamber 27th can be pressed together.
• the spacer or the spacer sleeve 39 that the clear distance between the housing-side inner side 15 "a of the mounting leg 15a and the rear side facing side 47 'of the holding and Carrying device 27 is greater than the thickness of the support wall Ig, that is greater than the thickness of the chamber wall If, so that at least one indicated in Figure 3 slight distance 41 between the inside 15 "a of the mounting leg 15a and the outside of the chamber wall If remains ,
• end caps 43 which are partially shown in section in FIG. 1, are then finally placed on the opposite end faces, as a result of which the interior 7 of the housing / radome 1 as a whole is tightly closed.
• the common holding and carrying device 27 in the form of a holding and carrying rail 27, whereby the two mounting means 15, i. the first and second mounting means 15 'and 15 "are fixed in their longitudinal spacing, it can be ensured that in a medium temperature range, the mentioned screws 37 at least in the one, with a length compensation device 35 mounting means 15" in a central region of the preferably slot-shaped recess 37 "come to rest, so that a completely trouble-free installation is possible, which ensures in practice that the desired length expansion of the housing / radome over the mounting lugs or mounting devices 15 is effective in all relevant temperature ranges.
• the aforementioned longitudinal channels or chambers Ie may also be arranged so that they do not project beyond the bottom or rear wall Id down, but as separate chambers in the area between the bottom or rear wall
• the Id and the top Ia are housed in the interior 7 of the radome. Also in this case there is the advantage that the interior 7 is hermetically sealed against moisture and external influences.
• FIG. 3a A modification of FIG. 3 is shown with reference to FIG. 3a.
• an intermediate plate 101f is provided which is fastened by means of screws 247 'using nuts 233 to a wall section If of the channels Ie.
• the screws 247 ' pass through corresponding holes in the wall section If and in the support rail or the support rail section 27, 27', and are secured by nuts 233, which rest on the back of the support rail 27, 27 '.
• This intermediate plate 101f now serves as an anchoring base for mounting the length compensating device 35 using screws 37, the elongated holes 37 "are screwed through into a threaded bore 101g with its shaft 37 '.
• a so-called shoulder screw 37 can be used, which is provided with a projection 39 with a larger transverse diameter, which is larger than the diameter of the underlying screw thread.
• This wider approach 39 virtually fulfills the function of the spacer sleeve 39.
• either the use of spacers or the use of fixed rotation limiters is generally suitable in any embodiment which ensures that a free play 41 is realized to allow for adjustment.
• FIG. 5 shows only schematically that the fastening device can not be formed on a channel Ie or on a corresponding channel wall If but, for example, also on projections, eg web or wall-shaped projections If 1 .
• Such a web-shaped or wall-shaped projection If 'could for example, be perpendicular to the lower housing or radome wall Id stand and end freely.
• the mounting device could again be fixed differently and secured to a staggered, preferably in the region of the opposite end of the antenna device using the oblong hole 37 ", wherein here under use PHg said spacers or spacers 39 ensured is that a temperature-induced longitudinal expansion safely and easily relative to the mounting device 15, 15 "is made possible. Further modifications are possible. For the sake of completeness, it is noted that in FIG.
• the corresponding fastening by means of a mounting leg 15a also takes place via a second further web or housing / radome wall If not shown in FIG. 5, since the support is always realized in pairs.
• the second Montageein- device without length compensation is constructed accordingly, as explained with reference to the other embodiment, without spacer sleeve 39 and without the resulting play space 41, so that there is a fixed mounting on the web wall If 1 is ensured.
• the further embodiment of the antenna device with reference to FIG. 4 will be discussed below.
• the explained antenna device furthermore has an inner length compensation device 135.
• Reflector device which is usually made of metal or of a dielectric, which is provided with a metallic (conductive) surface. In this way it can be ensured that temperature-induced different linear expansion of the housing / radome and the antenna support structure on the inside, and in particular of the reflector, do not damage the entire arrangement, in particular do not cause the housing to leak.
• At least two inner mounting devices 115 are provided offset to one another in the longitudinal direction of the housing / radome 1, namely a first mounting device 115 ', which is provided without length compensation device, and a second mounting device 115 ", which comprises a length compensation device
• the antenna support device which is hereinafter also partially referred to as antenna support and / or reflector device held.
• the first inner mounting device 115, 115 ' is shown in plan view. It comprises in the embodiment shown a substantially triangular (for example, plastic) existing mounting body 114 ⁇ , in two in the longitudinal direction of the antenna extending and transversely offset Mounting leg 115a expires, which are fastened via externally screwed screws 118 to the longitudinal webs 9a of the reflector 9.
• a rigid sheet metal bracket or a similar device could be used.
• the end cap could be designed integrated with a corresponding mounting body, so that in other words the end cap is provided directly with a projecting into the Radominnere approach, for support and / or attachment to the reflector or other provided inside the room support means serves.
• the end cap can also serve any other suitable fastening device, such as a clip, a plugged pin, rivets, Tox compounds in sheet metal parts, etc. Restrictions are not given here.
• the mounting body 114 ' which is triangular in plan view, extends into an elongated mounting projection 119' which is located centrally in the exemplary embodiment shown and which comes to rest adjacent to an end-side end cap 43.
• the second mounting body 114, 114 is basically constructed similarly and fastened with its two outer mounting legs 115a to the adjacent longitudinal webs 9a of the reflector 9 by means of the screws 118 seated there.
• the middle extension approach 119 “here is designed piston-shaped and guided in a longitudinal extension 121 in the mounting body 114" longitudinally displaceable.
• a coil spring 123 is seated in the region of the piston-shaped extension section 119.
• the piston-shaped extension section 119 "penetrates the coil spring 123.
• the coil spring 123 is supported at its opposite ends on a support edge, namely on a support edge 119a, which is formed on the extension lug 119 remote from the end cap 43, as well as on one of the end cap 43 closer and part of the mounting body 114 "forming support edge 114a, whereby the inner diameter of the longitudinal bore 121 is reduced.
• the coil spring 123 is under pretension.
• Extension extension 119 is also recessed using a screw 145 inserted through a bore 143 in the associated end cap 43
• such an inner mounting device with a length compensation device could also be additionally used at the opposite end.
• coil spring 123 instead of the aforementioned coil spring 123 but also completely different power spring memory 123 'can be used (leaf springs, disc springs, etc.). Likewise, a coil spring could be used, which is not under a bias, but under a pre-strain, when the anchoring and support is reversed.
• the inner length compensating device 135 is formed at least in two parts with the mentioned power spring accumulator 123 ', one part with the antenna carrying and / or reflector device on the one hand and the other part indirectly with the housing / radome, in the embodiment shown held over the attached on the housing / radome end cap 43 and is connected thereto.
• Both parts namely the mounting body 114 "and the longitudinal extension element 119" displaceable therein or on it, are designed in accordance with a pouring or other guide device such that they allow a longitudinal compensation movement and nevertheless hold the inner support parts, in particular the reflector ,
• the additionally provided spring device is used primarily for generating mutually facing contact forces, which are introduced on opposite end caps 43, to seal the housing / radome to the outside.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 show the position and the deformation of the bow springs 124, which can result from different length expansion values of the housing / radome 1 in relation to that in the interior of the antenna support and / or reflector device 9. In FIGS. 6 and 7, therefore, the clamping yokes are shown in a compressed or stretched state.
• the described structure using a force accumulator 123 ' which generates a contact force in the direction of the associated housing / radome 1 on the associated end cap 43, also causes by this construction on the two opposite end caps 43 by the mentioned power spring memory 123' contact forces are initiated with which the two end caps 43 are held firmly pressed against the opposite end portions of the channel or quiver-shaped housing / radome.
• the caps 43 preferably have an insertable circumferential web wall 43 'which engages behind the housing / radome, wherein preferably a peripheral seal may be introduced between the associated shoulder section of the end cap and the front wall boundary 47 of the housing / radome.
• the invention thus describes an antenna device, in which the inner structure is held and anchored at least indirectly indirectly within the radome 1 with an inner length compensation device 135 on the housing / radome 1, wherein in addition an outer length expansion device 35 is provided, which allows easy mounting of the antenna device, ie of the housing / radome e.g. on a wall, a mast, etc. allowed.
• the housing / radome can thereby carry out a different length expansion, especially due to temperature, without the housing / radome being damaged or destroyed and parts of the antennas or the radome located inside would be exposed to environmental influences, in particular moisture could penetrate into the interior of the housing / radome which is highly undesirable.
• the inner mounting devices 115 can also be provided without problems at three offset points (or more).
• the arrangement is such that a mounting device without length compensation device is used at a beginning or end and the subsequent mutually offset mounting devices are then provided with a corresponding Gazsein- direction, with increasing distance from the mounting device without length compensation device, the mounting device used increasingly greater length compensation must be possible.
• the material for the housing / radome all suitable materials come into consideration.
• the use of coextrudates or electrically neutral fibers is conceivable.
• Even materials made of electrically neutral fibers using wood fibers are conceivable.
• Thermoplastics which have the higher coefficients of thermal expansion compared to metals are also suitable as materials.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Details Of Aerials (AREA)
• Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
• Support Of Aerials (AREA)
• Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
• Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
• Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-07-19 DE DE102007033817A patent/DE102007033817B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-06-12 DE DE502008001486T patent/DE502008001486D1/de active Active
  • 2008-06-12 US US12/669,337 patent/US8188935B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-06-12 BR BRPI0813827-3A2A patent/BRPI0813827A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2008-06-12 AT AT08773415T patent/ATE484088T1/de active
  • 2008-06-12 ES ES08773415T patent/ES2353574T3/es active Active
  • 2008-06-12 CN CN200880024117A patent/CN101809810A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-06-12 WO PCT/EP2008/004736 patent/WO2009010135A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-06-12 RU RU2010105865/07A patent/RU2010105865A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2008-06-12 EP EP08773415A patent/EP2168204B1/fr not_active Not-in-force

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