EP2165913A1 - Bogie for a goods vehicle - Google Patents

Bogie for a goods vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2165913A1
EP2165913A1 EP09011966A EP09011966A EP2165913A1 EP 2165913 A1 EP2165913 A1 EP 2165913A1 EP 09011966 A EP09011966 A EP 09011966A EP 09011966 A EP09011966 A EP 09011966A EP 2165913 A1 EP2165913 A1 EP 2165913A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bogie
freight car
freight
spring
bogie according
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Application number
EP09011966A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2165913B1 (en
Inventor
Hansjörg Candrian
Friedrich Fackler
Johannes Keudel
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JOSEF MEYER Bogie AG
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JOSEF MEYER Bogie AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/308—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating damping devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames
    • B61F5/526—Bogie frames comprising noise reducing devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a freight car bogie according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • bogie is used in professional circles, especially for movably mounted bogies respectively bogies of railway cars, whose traditional steel construction are equipped with shafts, wheels, suspension and brakes. Such bogies carry the car body of railway cars. In a classic arrangement, larger railway carriages are equipped with two bogies each having two sets of wheels. However, it is possible for special railway cars to use a variable number of axles and wheels per bogie. One will adjust the number of wheelsets to the desired and approved load of a car.
  • Another possibility is that the bogies between two car bodies are arranged, with the disadvantage that the train composition can not be easily changed.
  • the advantage of such an arrangement is that you need fewer bogies per train composition and the Bogies / wheelsets ensure relatively smooth horizontal distance from one another for fast straight-ahead driving. For passenger trains which are exposed to a relatively small weight load, or for trains which do not require flexibility with respect to train compositions, this is therefore a thoroughly advantageous concept.
  • the railway has great problems with the noise of the steel wheels running on the iron rails, especially on routes that lead through densely populated areas. For a long time, therefore, attempts were made to use rubber or plastic between the wheel ring and the rail, but always failed due to the high degree of wear and the relatively poor strength of such rubbers. Studies have shown that wheel and rail roughness is a significant factor in generating noise. Great progress has been made with disc brakes or with plastic pads instead of gray cast iron, as this preserves the original surface of the track contact surface of the wheels. When the tread of a wheel stays round and its surface is fine, rolling on the rail produces less noise.
  • the present invention now has the object to improve a freight car bogie of the type mentioned in such a way that the advantages known goods and passenger bogies are maintained and with an economical construction, the best running stability with fast straight ahead, with good steering movement of the wheelsets at Bogenfahrt and optimal balance between suspension, damping and noise transmission is achieved.
  • a typical freight car bogie 1 ( Fig. 1 ) has two wheelsets, which each form a unit with wheel shaft 20 and wheels 21,21 '.
  • the presented freight car bogie 1 is mounted inside, ie the Radwellenlager 22 are thus within the wheels 21,21 'arranged.
  • Each wheel bearing 22 also has a primary suspension 9 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) on which the suspension ensured between wheel and bogie frame 10.
  • the primary suspension 9 is further equipped with dampers 18, which are also arranged between the wheelsets and the bogie frame 10.
  • a rotating pan 6 for receiving the vehicle body, which is connected via a secondary suspension 11 to the bogie.
  • FIG. 5 Another possibility ( FIG. 5 ) provides a rod mechanism which connects the wheelsets 2, 2 'via a torsion shaft 7.
  • the wheelsets can turn only 2.2 'in opposite directions, but are independent for the transverse displacement.
  • a bogie frame 10 can be supported by bearings 22 primary suspension 9 on the mutually coupled sets of wheels 2 by a link 25, floating suspension.
  • the longitudinal steering is over Handlebar 25 between wheelset 2 and bogie frame 10 made sure.
  • This handlebar 25 is above all, but not only, a trailing arm but also effective in other directions.
  • handlebars 25 for Radsatzkopplept as in the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are shown used.
  • the advantage of using such links 25 is the flexibility of the guidance of the bogie frame, which means a better adaptation to the rail guide.
  • the suspension of the presented freight car bogie 1 consists of a secondary suspension 11 ( Fig. 1 ) and a primary suspension 9 ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the secondary spring 11 is disposed between the carriage body and the bogie frame 10.
  • An upper pivot bearing 42 is connected to the carriage body.
  • a lower pivot bearing 41 receives the same, so that the mutual freedom of movement of the two parts is given.
  • Between upper and lower pivot bearing 41,42 is a plastic insert 43rd introduced to ensure the mutual mobility of the parts.
  • a safety bolt 45 serves to lift-off.
  • the secondary suspension is composed of the lower pivot bearing 41, a ring 40, the actual secondary spring 11, and a security ring 44, which additionally secures the whole package against lifting.
  • the ring 40, the secondary spring 11 and the safety ring 44 need not be circumferentially annular.
  • the safety ring 44 may consist of claw-shaped brackets which secure secondary spring 11 and ring 40 and serve as a lift-off.
  • the primary suspension 9 ( Fig. 2 ) is composed of a vertical spring 16,16 'and a horizontal spring 17,17' together.
  • these two elements can certainly be realized in a spring package that can perform both functions.
  • a spring supplement 15 can be introduced. It is brought into series connection together with the helical compression spring.
  • the material of the spring supplement is usually a suitable elastomer.
  • These Federbeilage serves to eliminate or improve undesirable properties of the helical compression spring, while the desired properties of the helical compression spring remain virtually unaffected.
  • This spring supplement 15 ensures the structure-borne sound decoupling between the underlying wheelset 2 and the bogie frame 10 arranged above. Furthermore, the spring supplement 15 serves to decouple the flexicoil stiffness which each helical compression spring has.
  • the spring supplement 15 may have different stiffness depending on the direction.
  • the horizontal springs 17,17 ' are advantageous as in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shown arranged point-symmetrically around the center of the Radwellenlagers 23 around. This means that they are arranged once above and on the opposite side, depending on the axis guide, below the wheel symmetry axis ( Fig. 3 ). This point-symmetrical to the wheel axis of symmetry arranged horizontal springs 17,17 'allow a longitudinal deflection of the primary suspension 9, without this being associated with a parasitic pitching movement of the bearing housing respectively axle guide.
  • a system in which only one damper 18 is used per wheel bearing.
  • the damper 18 ( Fig. 7 ) is attached to the bogie frame 10. On the opposite side it is rotatably connected via a bearing c with a functional lever 19.
  • This lever 19 is also connected to the bogie frame 10 at its pivot point b.
  • the hinged about such a lever system damper 18 is a damper of various design can be. He is in this case a hydraulic damper.
  • a practical installation example shows FIG. 9 ,
  • a brake system It is quite possible to build bogies without brakes. If a brake system is installed, can this can be realized in different ways. It can act on the wheel set so that its braking effect depends on the adhesion of the wheel / rail contact. For example, it can also act on elements of the track infrastructure, such as the rail, independent of the frictional connection. Such frictional-independent systems are known from cable car construction, in which jaw brakes act directly on the suspension cable (which corresponds to the rail).
  • the lateral slider may for example have suitable springs, with which a bias voltage is provided relative to the vehicle body to condition the Auswindwiderstand the bogie. In order to condition the rolling behavior of the vehicle regardless of the vertical stiffness of the primary and secondary suspension resp.
  • a roll support between the vehicle body and wheelset or between bogie frame and wheelset can be arranged.
  • Such a roll support can from the right and left of the vehicle body or on the bogie frame articulated vertical rods consist, for example, supported in the same direction on a torsion shaft.
  • the vertical movement of the vehicle body becomes a resistanceless up / down movement or a uniformly sprung movement of the torsion shaft, while the rolling motion of the vehicle undergoes a desired rolling resistance via the torsion of the torsion shaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The goods wagon bogie has two wheel sets (2,2'), where each set has two wheels (21,21'). The shafts of the wheel sets are mounted in the wheels. The wheel sets have a spring system. The wheel sets are mutually coupled by a medium. The spring system has dampers (18,18'). The spring system consists of a secondary suspension and a primary suspension.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Güterwagendrehgestell gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a freight car bogie according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Den Begriff "Drehgestell" verwendet man in Fachkreisen vor allem für beweglich gelagerte Fahrwerke respektive Drehgestelle von Eisenbahnwagen, deren traditionelle Konstruktion aus Stahl mit Wellen, Rädern, Federung und Bremsen ausgerüstet sind. Solche Drehgestelle tragen den Wagenkörper von Eisenbahnwagen. In klassischer Anordnung werden grössere Eisenbahnwagen mit zwei Drehgestellen die je zwei Radsätze aufweisen ausgerüstet. Es ist jedoch möglich für spezielle Eisenbahnwagen eine variable Zahl von Achsen und Rädern pro Drehgestell einzusetzen. Man wird die Anzahl Radsätze der erwünschten und zugelassenen Traglast eines Wagens anpassen.The term "bogie" is used in professional circles, especially for movably mounted bogies respectively bogies of railway cars, whose traditional steel construction are equipped with shafts, wheels, suspension and brakes. Such bogies carry the car body of railway cars. In a classic arrangement, larger railway carriages are equipped with two bogies each having two sets of wheels. However, it is possible for special railway cars to use a variable number of axles and wheels per bogie. One will adjust the number of wheelsets to the desired and approved load of a car.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass die Drehgestelle zwischen zwei Wagenkörpern angeordnet werden, mit dem Nachteil, dass die Zugskomposition nicht mehr einfach geändert werden kann. Der Vorteil einer solchen Anordnung ist, dass man weniger Drehgestelle pro Zugskomposition benötigt und die Drehgestelle/Radsätze durch relativ grosse horizontale Distanz voneinander für schnelle Geradeausfahrt Laufruhe gewährleisten. Für Personenzüge die einer relativ kleinen Gewichtsbelastung ausgesetzt sind, oder für Bahnen die in Bezug auf Zugskompositionen keine Flexibilität erfordern, ist dies deshalb ein durchaus vorteilhaftes Konzept.Another possibility is that the bogies between two car bodies are arranged, with the disadvantage that the train composition can not be easily changed. The advantage of such an arrangement is that you need fewer bogies per train composition and the Bogies / wheelsets ensure relatively smooth horizontal distance from one another for fast straight-ahead driving. For passenger trains which are exposed to a relatively small weight load, or for trains which do not require flexibility with respect to train compositions, this is therefore a thoroughly advantageous concept.

Die Eisenbahn hat insbesondere auf Routen die durch dicht besiedeltes Gebiet führen, grosse Probleme mit den Lärmemissionen der auf den Eisenschienen laufenden Stahlräder. Schon lange versuchte man deswegen z.B. Gummi oder Kunststoff zwischen Radring und Schiene einzusetzen, scheiterte aber immer am hohen Verschleiss und der relativ schlechten Festigkeit solcher Beläge. Studien haben gezeigt, dass die Rauheit von Rad und Schiene einen wesentlichen Faktor für Erzeugung des Lärms darstellt. Grosse Fortschritte wurden mit Scheibenbremsen oder mit Bremsklötzen aus Kunststoff anstelle von Grauguss erzielt, weil damit die originale Oberfläche der mit der Schiene im Kontakt stehenden Lauffläche der Räder am besten erhalten bleibt. Wenn die Lauffläche eines Rades rund bleibt und seine Oberfläche fein ist, erzeugt das Abrollen auf der Schiene weniger Lärm.The railway has great problems with the noise of the steel wheels running on the iron rails, especially on routes that lead through densely populated areas. For a long time, therefore, attempts were made to use rubber or plastic between the wheel ring and the rail, but always failed due to the high degree of wear and the relatively poor strength of such rubbers. Studies have shown that wheel and rail roughness is a significant factor in generating noise. Great progress has been made with disc brakes or with plastic pads instead of gray cast iron, as this preserves the original surface of the track contact surface of the wheels. When the tread of a wheel stays round and its surface is fine, rolling on the rail produces less noise.

Des weiteren muss die Übertragung der "Feinschläge" auf den Wagenkörper, die das Laufen eines Stahlrades auf einer Stahlschiene in jedem Fall verursacht, vermieden oder gedämpft werden. Heute setzt man mit gutem Erfolg in andern Anwendungen Gummi und Kunststoff zwischen Radscheibe und äusserem Radring ein. Für den Einsatz mit hohen Geschwindigkeiten und grosse Lasten eignen sich solche Konstruktionen leider allerdings nicht. Für Güterwagendrehgestelle muss das ganze Drehgestell entsprechend ausgerüstet sein.Furthermore, the transmission of "fines" on the carriage body, which causes the running of a steel wheel on a steel rail in any case, must be avoided or damped. Today, rubber and plastic are used with good results in other applications between the wheel disc and the outer wheel ring. Unfortunately, such constructions are not suitable for use at high speeds and high loads. For freight wagons, the entire bogie must be equipped accordingly.

Mittels fahrzeugdynamischen Simulationsrechnungen, mit denen die Konstruktion ständig begleitet und kontrolliert wird, kann ein Drehgestell entworfen werden, welches den Anforderungen durch Schiene, Schotterbett, Kurvenneigung etc. gerecht wird. Langlebigkeit, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Servicefreundlichkeit sind Voraussetzungen, die bei den fahrzeugdynamischen Simulationsrechnungen neben den physikalischen Eigenschaften beim Entwurf des Federungs- und Dämpfungssystems stets berücksichtigt werden müssen.By means of vehicle-dynamic simulation calculations, with which the construction is constantly accompanied and controlled, a bogie can be designed, which meets the requirements by rail, gravel bed, curve inclination etc. Longevity, economic efficiency and service-friendliness are prerequisites that must always be taken into account in the vehicle-dynamic simulation calculations in addition to the physical properties in the design of the suspension and damping system.

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich nunmehr die Aufgabe ein Güterwagendrehgestell der eingangs genannten Art derart zu verbessern, dass die Vorteile bekannter Güter- und Personenwagendrehgestelle erhalten bleiben und mit einer wirtschaftlichen Konstruktion die beste Laufstabilität bei schneller Geradeausfahrt, bei guter Lenkbewegung der Radsätze bei Bogenfahrt und optimalen Abgleich zwischen Federung, Dämpfung und Lärmübertragung erreicht wird.The present invention now has the object to improve a freight car bogie of the type mentioned in such a way that the advantages known goods and passenger bogies are maintained and with an economical construction, the best running stability with fast straight ahead, with good steering movement of the wheelsets at Bogenfahrt and optimal balance between suspension, damping and noise transmission is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe löst ein Güterwagenddrehgestell mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Weitere erfindungsgemässe Merkmale gehen aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen hervor und deren Vorteile sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert.This object is achieved by a freight car bogie with the features of claim 1. Further inventive features will become apparent from the dependent claims and the advantages thereof are explained in the following description.

In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig 1
Güterwagendrehgestell
Fig 2
Primärfederung
Fig 3
Primärfederung, Punktsymmetrie
Fig 4
Prinzip Kreuzanker
Fig 5
Prinzip Torsionswelle
Fig 6
Prinzip Schwenkarmkopplung
Fig 7
Prinzip Dämpfungssystem
Fig 8
Drehpfanne
Fig 9
Konstruktionsbeispiel Dämpfung
In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
Freight car bogie
Fig. 2
primary suspension
Fig. 3
Primary suspension, point symmetry
Fig. 4
Principle of the cross anchor
Fig. 5
Principle torsion wave
Fig. 6
Principle swing arm coupling
Fig. 7
Principle damping system
Fig. 8
rotary pan
FIG. 9
Design example damping

Die Figuren stellen mögliche Ausführungsbeispiele dar, welche in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert werden.The figures represent possible embodiments, which will be explained in the following description.

Ein typisches Güterwagendrehgestell 1 (Fig 1) weist zwei Radsätze auf, welche jeweils eine Einheit mit Radwelle 20 und Räder 21,21' bilden. Das vorgestellte Güterwagendrehgestell 1 ist innen gelagert, d.h. die Radwellenlager 22 sind also innerhalb der Räder 21,21' angeordnet. Jedes Radlager 22 weist ferner eine Primärfederung 9 (Fig 2) auf, welche die Federung zwischen Radsatz und Drehgestellrahmen 10 gewährleistet. Die Primärfederung 9 ist ferner mit Dämpfer 18, die ebenfalls zwischen den Radsätzen und dem Drehgestellrahmen 10 angeordnet sind ausgerüstet.A typical freight car bogie 1 ( Fig. 1 ) has two wheelsets, which each form a unit with wheel shaft 20 and wheels 21,21 '. The presented freight car bogie 1 is mounted inside, ie the Radwellenlager 22 are thus within the wheels 21,21 'arranged. Each wheel bearing 22 also has a primary suspension 9 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) on which the suspension ensured between wheel and bogie frame 10. The primary suspension 9 is further equipped with dampers 18, which are also arranged between the wheelsets and the bogie frame 10.

In der Mitte des Güterwagendrehgestelles 1 befindet sich eine Drehpfanne 6 zur Aufnahme des Fahrzeugaufbaus, welche über eine Sekundärfederung 11 mit dem Drehgestell verbunden ist.In the middle of the freight car bogie 1 is a rotating pan 6 for receiving the vehicle body, which is connected via a secondary suspension 11 to the bogie.

Im vorgestellten Güterwagendrehgestell 1 sind zwei Radsätze 2,2' eingesetzt. Die Freiheitsgrade dieser Radsätze 2,2' werden durch Radsatzkoppelungen gegenseitig und/oder gegenüber dem Fahrzeugaufbau und/oder dem Drehgestellrahmen 10 durch mechanische Koppelsysteme definierter Steifigkeit gezielt eingeschränkt, um hohe Laufstabilität bei schneller Geradeausfahrt und gleichzeitig gute Lenkbewegung bei der Bogenfahrt zu erreichen.In the featured freight car bogie 1 two sets of wheels 2,2 'are used. The degrees of freedom of these wheelsets 2,2 'are selectively limited by Radsatzkoppelungen each other and / or compared to the vehicle body and / or the bogie frame 10 by mechanical coupling systems defined stiffness to achieve high running stability with fast straight ahead and at the same time good steering movement in the bow ride.

Diese Koppelung der Radsätze 2,2' kann auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen, zum Beispiel (Fig 4) mittels Kreuzanker (unabhängig davon, ob Lenker 25,25' vorhanden sind!): Zwei längssteife Kreuzankerstangen 4,4' sind jeweils an den diagonal gegenüber liegenden Gehäuse (23) der Radwellenlager 22 befestigt, aber untereinander nicht verbunden. Dadurch können die Radsätze 2,2' nur noch gegenseitig wenden und müssen sich gemeinsam quer verschieben.This coupling of the wheelsets 2, 2 'can take place in various ways, for example ( Fig. 4 ) by means of cross anchors (regardless of whether handlebars 25,25 'are present!): Two longitudinally stiff cross anchor rods 4,4' are each attached to the diagonally opposite housing (23) of the Radwellenlager 22, but not connected to each other. This allows the Radsatz 2,2 'only mutually turn and must move together across.

Eine andere Möglichkeit (Fig 5) bietet ein Stangenmechanismus, welcher die Radsätze 2,2' über eine Torsionswelle 7 verbindet. Die Radsätze 2,2' werden am Gehäuse der Wellenlager 22, oder an eigenen, separaten dafür vorgesehenen Befestigungspunkten angelenkt. Dies erfolgt mittels zur Drehgestellmitte hin gerichtete Lenkerstangen 8, die mit einer gemeinsamen Torsionswelle 7 verbunden sind. Mit dieser Lösung können die Radsätze 2,2' nur noch gegensinnig wenden, sind aber für die Querverschiebung unabhängig.Another possibility ( Fig. 5 ) provides a rod mechanism which connects the wheelsets 2, 2 'via a torsion shaft 7. The wheelsets 2, 2 'are articulated on the housing of the shaft bearings 22, or on their own separate attachment points provided for this purpose. This is done by means of the bogie center directed toward the handlebars 8, which are connected to a common torsion shaft 7. With this solution, the wheelsets can turn only 2.2 'in opposite directions, but are independent for the transverse displacement.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit bietet sich in Form einer A-Rahmen-, Radialarm- und Schwenkarmkopplung (Fig 6): Jeder Radsatz 2,2' bildet zur Drehgestellmitte hin eine Trägerkonstruktion aus, die gegeneinander mit Federelementen verbunden sind. Mit dieser Vorrichtung können sich die Radsätze 2,2' nur noch mit definierter Steifigkeit gegeneinander ausdrehen und verschieben.Another possibility is in the form of an A-frame, Radialarm- and Schwenkarmkopplung ( Fig. 6 ): Each wheel set 2,2 'forms towards the center of the bogie a support structure, which are mutually connected with spring elements. With this device, the wheelsets 2,2 'only with defined stiffness against each turn out and move.

In Fig (4) ist die Möglichkeit dargestellt, wie sich ein Drehgestellrahmen 10 über Lagerung 22 Primärfederung 9 auf den gegenseitig gekoppelten Radsätzen 2 durch einen Lenker 25 geführt, schwimmend gefedert abstützen kann. Die Längslenkung wird über Lenker 25 zwischen Radsatz 2 und Drehgestellrahmen 10 sicher gestellt. Dieser Lenker 25 ist vor allem, aber nicht nur, ein Längslenker der aber auch in andern Richtungen wirksam ist. Analog können solche Lenker 25 auch für Radsatzkopplungen wie sie in den Fig 5 und Fig 6 gezeigt sind, eingesetzt werden. Der Vorteil des Einsatzes solcher Lenker 25 liegt in der Flexibilität der Führung des Drehgestellrahmens, was eine bessere Anpassung an die Schienenführung bedeutet.In FIG ), the possibility is shown how a bogie frame 10 can be supported by bearings 22 primary suspension 9 on the mutually coupled sets of wheels 2 by a link 25, floating suspension. The longitudinal steering is over Handlebar 25 between wheelset 2 and bogie frame 10 made sure. This handlebar 25 is above all, but not only, a trailing arm but also effective in other directions. Similarly, such handlebars 25 for Radsatzkopplungen as in the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are shown used. The advantage of using such links 25 is the flexibility of the guidance of the bogie frame, which means a better adaptation to the rail guide.

Ebenfalls möglich ist die Koppelung der Radsätze 2,2' mit dem Fahrzeugaufbau. Die Wankbewegung des Fahrzeugaufbaus wird mit einer solchen Vorrichtung über mechanische Hebel in eine Wendebewegung der Radsätze umgesetzt.Also possible is the coupling of the wheelsets 2,2 'with the vehicle body. The rolling motion of the vehicle body is implemented with such a device via mechanical levers in a turning movement of the wheelsets.

Die Federung des vorgestellten Güterwagendrehgestells 1 besteht aus einer Sekundärfederung 11 (Fig 1) und einer Primärfederung 9 (Fig 2). Die Sekundärfeder 11 ist zwischen dem Wagenkörper und dem Drehgestellrahmen 10 angeordnet. Ein oberes Drehpfannenlager 42 ist mit dem Wagenkörper verbunden. Ein unteres Drehpfannenlager 41 nimmt dasselbe auf, so dass die gegenseitige Bewegungsfreiheit der beiden Teile gegeben ist. Zwischen oberem und unterem Drehpfannenlager 41,42 wird eine Kunststoffeinlage 43 eingebracht, um die gegenseitige Beweglichkeit der Teile zu gewährleisten. Ein Sicherheitsbolzen 45 dient der Abhebesicherung. Die Sekundärfederung setzt sich zusammen aus dem unteren Drehpfannelager 41, einem Ring 40, der eigentlichen Sekundärfeder 11, sowie einem Sicherheitsring 44, der das ganze Paket zusätzlich gegen ein Abheben sichert. Obwohl so benannt, müssen der Ring 40, die Sekundärfeder 11 und der Sicherheitsring 44 nicht umlaufend ringförmig ausgebildet sein. Ebenso kann der Sicherheitsring 44 aus klauenförmigen Halterungen bestehen, welche Sekundärfeder 11 und Ring 40 sichern und als Abhebesicherung dienen.The suspension of the presented freight car bogie 1 consists of a secondary suspension 11 ( Fig. 1 ) and a primary suspension 9 ( Fig. 2 ). The secondary spring 11 is disposed between the carriage body and the bogie frame 10. An upper pivot bearing 42 is connected to the carriage body. A lower pivot bearing 41 receives the same, so that the mutual freedom of movement of the two parts is given. Between upper and lower pivot bearing 41,42 is a plastic insert 43rd introduced to ensure the mutual mobility of the parts. A safety bolt 45 serves to lift-off. The secondary suspension is composed of the lower pivot bearing 41, a ring 40, the actual secondary spring 11, and a security ring 44, which additionally secures the whole package against lifting. Although so named, the ring 40, the secondary spring 11 and the safety ring 44 need not be circumferentially annular. Likewise, the safety ring 44 may consist of claw-shaped brackets which secure secondary spring 11 and ring 40 and serve as a lift-off.

Die Primärfederung 9 (Fig 2) setzt sich aus einer Vertikalfeder 16,16' und einer Horizontalfeder 17,17' zusammen. Diese beiden Elemente können aber durchaus in einem Federpaket realisiert werden, das beide Funktionen erbringen kann.The primary suspension 9 ( Fig. 2 ) is composed of a vertical spring 16,16 'and a horizontal spring 17,17' together. However, these two elements can certainly be realized in a spring package that can perform both functions.

In den Kraftfluss der Vertikalfeder 16, für welche meist eine Schraubendruckfeder verwendet wird, kann eine Federbeilage 15 eingebracht werden. Sie wird zusammen mit der Schraubendruckfeder in Serienschaltung gebracht. Das Material der Federbeilage ist meist ein geeignetes Elastomer. Diese Federbeilage dient dazu, unerwünschte Eigenschaften der Schraubendruckfeder zu eliminieren oder zu verbessern, während die gewünschten Eigenschaften der Schraubendruckfeder nahezu unbeeinflusst erhalten bleiben. Diese Federbeilage 15 sorgt für die Körperschallentkopplung zwischen dem darunter liegenden Radsatz 2 und dem darüber angeordneten Drehgestellrahmen 10. Des weiteren dient die Federbeilage 15 zur Entkopplung der Flexicoil-Steifigkeit die jede Schraubendruckfeder hat. Die Federbeilage 15 kann richtungsabhängig verschiedene Steifigkeiten aufweisen.In the power flow of the vertical spring 16, for which usually a helical compression spring is used, a spring supplement 15 can be introduced. It is brought into series connection together with the helical compression spring. The material of the spring supplement is usually a suitable elastomer. These Federbeilage serves to eliminate or improve undesirable properties of the helical compression spring, while the desired properties of the helical compression spring remain virtually unaffected. This spring supplement 15 ensures the structure-borne sound decoupling between the underlying wheelset 2 and the bogie frame 10 arranged above. Furthermore, the spring supplement 15 serves to decouple the flexicoil stiffness which each helical compression spring has. The spring supplement 15 may have different stiffness depending on the direction.

Die Horizontalfedern 17,17' sind mit Vorteil wie in Fig 2 und Fig 3 dargestellt, um das Zentrum des Radwellenlagers 23 herum punktsymmetrisch angeordnet. D.h. sie sind je nach Achsführung einmal oberhalb und auf der Gegenseite im gleichen Mass unterhalb der Rad-Symmetrieachse angeordnet (Fig 3). Diese punktsymmetrisch zur Rad-Symmetrieachse angeordneten Horizontalfedern 17,17' ermöglichen eine Längsauslenkung der Primärfederung 9, ohne dass dies mit einer parasitären Nickbewegung von Lagergehäuse respektive Achsführung verbunden ist.The horizontal springs 17,17 'are advantageous as in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shown arranged point-symmetrically around the center of the Radwellenlagers 23 around. This means that they are arranged once above and on the opposite side, depending on the axis guide, below the wheel symmetry axis ( Fig. 3 ). This point-symmetrical to the wheel axis of symmetry arranged horizontal springs 17,17 'allow a longitudinal deflection of the primary suspension 9, without this being associated with a parasitic pitching movement of the bearing housing respectively axle guide.

Grundsätzlich ist es denkbar, dass die Dämpfung der Primärfederung 9 zwischen Drehgestellrahmen 10 und den Radlagern 22 in die Primärfederung 9 integriert oder unmittelbar parallel dazu installiert ist. Jedes Federpaket wie jeweils zwei in Fig 2 abgebildet sind erhält dann eine eigene Dämpfung. Wenn eine solche Dämpfung nicht in das Paket mit eingebaut werden kann, entsteht ein Platzproblem, ist doch der Raum zwischen den Rädern bei innen gelagerten Radsätzen knapp.In principle, it is conceivable for the damping of the primary suspension 9 between bogie frame 10 and the wheel bearings 22 to be integrated in the primary suspension 9 or to be installed directly parallel thereto. Each spring package as two in each Fig. 2 are then receives its own attenuation. If such damping can not be incorporated into the package, there is a problem of space, since the space between the wheels is scarce for internally mounted wheelsets.

Alternativ wird ein System vorgestellt, bei dem pro Radlager nur ein Dämpfer 18 eingesetzt wird. Der Dämpfer 18 (Fig 7) ist am Drehgestellrahmen 10 befestigt. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite ist er über ein Lager c mit einem funktionalen Hebel 19 drehbar verbunden. Dieser Hebel 19 ist an seinem Drehpunkt b ebenfalls mit dem Drehgestellrahmen 10 verbunden. Auf dem dem Befestigungspunkt c gegenüberliegenden Punkt a ist dieser Hebel 19 über einen Verbindungshebel 24 (Fig 9) am Radlagergehäuse 23 befestigt und so mit dem Radlager 22 verbunden. Der über ein solches Hebelsystem angelenkte Dämpfer 18 ist ein Dämpfer der verschiedener Bauart sein kann. Er ist im vorliegenden Fall ein hydraulischer Dämpfer. Ein praktisches Einbaubeispiel zeigt Fig 9.Alternatively, a system is presented in which only one damper 18 is used per wheel bearing. The damper 18 ( Fig. 7 ) is attached to the bogie frame 10. On the opposite side it is rotatably connected via a bearing c with a functional lever 19. This lever 19 is also connected to the bogie frame 10 at its pivot point b. On the point a of attachment c opposite point a of this lever 19 via a connecting lever 24 (FIG. FIG. 9 ) attached to the wheel bearing housing 23 and so connected to the wheel bearing 22. The hinged about such a lever system damper 18 is a damper of various design can be. He is in this case a hydraulic damper. A practical installation example shows FIG. 9 ,

Die eben vorgestellte Bauart eines Dämpfungssystemes (Fig 7 und Fig 9) hat einige Vorteile:

  • ➢ Die erwünschte zentrale Anlenkung direkt auf dem Radlager 22 kann trotz stark beschränkter Raumverhältnisse Anwendung finden.
  • ➢ Die Federwege sind bei innen gelagerten Drehgestellen eher klein. Durch das Hebelsystem kann mittels Hebelübersetzung erreicht werden, dass der Dämpfer dennoch einen grösseren Weg macht, was für die Dämpfung günstiger ist.
  • ➢ Je nach Gewicht das auf das Federungssystem wirkt ist die Einfederung des Systems verschieden. Die Änderung der Winkelverhältnisse zwischen dem Hebel 19 und dem Dämpfer 18 am Drehpunkt c kann die Dämpfung lastabhängig erfolgen. Das leichte Leerfahrzeug wird durch einen ineffektiven Winkel gezielt weniger gedämpft, als es die ca. vierfach grössere Masse des Vollfahrzeugs erfordert.
  • ➢ Ein positiver Nebeneffekt ist dabei, dass nicht nur vertikale Bewegungen gedämpft werden.
The just presented type of damping system ( Fig. 7 and FIG. 9 ) has some advantages:
  • ➢ The desired central linkage directly on the wheel bearing 22 can be used despite very limited space conditions.
  • ➢ The suspension travel is rather small for bogies mounted on the inside. The lever system can be achieved by means of leverage that the damper still makes a greater path, which is cheaper for the damping.
  • ➢ Depending on the weight acting on the suspension system, the deflection of the system is different. The change in the angular relationships between the lever 19 and the damper 18 at the pivot point c, the damping can be done depending on the load. The light empty vehicle is intentionally less attenuated by an ineffective angle, as it requires the approximately four times greater mass of the vehicle.
  • ➢ A positive side effect is that not only vertical movements are damped.

Ein absolut gesondertes Problem stellt das Bremssystem dar. Es ist durchaus möglich Drehgestelle ohne Bremsen zu bauen. Wenn ein Bremssystem eingebaut wird, kann dieses auf verschiedene Art realisiert werden. Es kann auf den Radsatz wirken, so dass seine Bremswirkung von der Adhäsion des Rad/Schiene-Kontaktes abhängt. Es kann aber zum Beispiel auch kraftschlussunabhängig auf Elemente der Gleisinfrastruktur wie beispielsweise der Schiene wirken. Solche kraftschlussunabhängige Systeme kennt man aus dem Seilbahnbau, bei dem Backenbremsen direkt auf das Tragseil (was der Schiene entspricht) wirken.An absolutely separate problem is the braking system. It is quite possible to build bogies without brakes. If a brake system is installed, can this can be realized in different ways. It can act on the wheel set so that its braking effect depends on the adhesion of the wheel / rail contact. For example, it can also act on elements of the track infrastructure, such as the rail, independent of the frictional connection. Such frictional-independent systems are known from cable car construction, in which jaw brakes act directly on the suspension cable (which corresponds to the rail).

Wird eine kraftschlussabhängige Bremse eingesetzt gibt es insbesondere diese Möglichkeiten:

  • ➢ Bei einer Klotzbremse wird ein Bremsklotz direkt auf die Lauffläche des Rades gepresst. Dies ist die traditionellste aller Bremsen.
  • ➢ Mit einer Wellenscheibenbremse wird der Bremsbelag auf eine auf der Radsatzwelle angebrachte Bremsscheibe gepresst.
  • ➢ Mit einer Radbremsscheibe wird der Bremsbelag direkt auf eine innen und/oder aussen am Rad montierte Bremsscheibe gepresst.
  • ➢ Mit einer Trommelbremse wird der Bremsbelag auf eine zylindrisch gewölbte und mit dem Radsatz verbundene Fläche, auf die sogenannte Trommel gepresst.
If a traction-dependent brake is used, there are in particular these possibilities:
  • ➢ In a block brake, a brake pad is pressed directly onto the running surface of the wheel. This is the most traditional of all brakes.
  • ➢ The brake pad is pressed against a brake disc mounted on the axle of the axle using a disc brake.
  • ➢ With a wheel brake disc, the brake pad is pressed directly onto a brake disc mounted inside and / or outside on the wheel.
  • ➢ With a drum brake, the brake lining is cylindrically curved and with the wheelset connected surface, pressed on the so-called drum.

Auf beiden Seiten des Drehgestellrahmens 10 (Fig 1) sind Gleitstücke 3,3' angeordnet. Diese Gleitstücke 3,3' weisen zum Fahrzeugaufbau und Fahrzeugaufbau hin Reibflächen und vertikale Anschläge auf. Die Gleitstücke 3,3' begrenzen einerseits über die Vertikalanschläge das Wankverhalten des Fahrzeugs und garantieren damit die Einhaltung der Fahrzeugbegrenzungslinie. Anderseits beeinflusst es über die Reibpaarung zum Fahrzeugaufbau den Ausdrehwiderstand des Drehgestelles 10. Es "dämpft" sozusagen die Drehung des Drehgestelles 10 gegenüber dem Fahrzeugaufbau. Das seitliche Gleitstück kann z.B. geeignete Federn aufweisen, mit denen eine Vorspannung gegenüber dem Fahrzeugaufbau vorgesehen ist, um den Ausdrehwiderstand des Drehgestells zu konditionieren.
Um das Wankverhalten des Fahrzeugs unabhängig von der Vertikalsteifigkeit der Primär- und Sekundärfederung zu konditionieren resp. zu begrenzen, kann eine Wankstütze zwischen Fahrzeugaufbau und Radsatz oder zwischen Drehgestellrahmen und Radsatz angeordnet sein. Eine solche Wankstütze kann aus rechts und links am Fahrzeugaufbau oder am Drehgestellrahmen angelenkten vertikalen Stangen bestehen, die sich z.B. gleichsinnig auf einer Torsionswelle abstützen. Auf diese Weise wird die Vertikalbewegung des Fahrzeugaufbaus eine widerstandslose auf/ab Bewegung oder eine gleichmässig gefederte Bewegung der Torsionswelle, während die Wankbewegung des Fahrzeugs über die Torsion der Torsionswelle einen gewünschten Wankwiderstand erfährt.On both sides of the bogie frame 10 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) Sliders 3,3 'are arranged. These sliders 3,3 'point to the vehicle body and vehicle body towards friction surfaces and vertical stops. The sliders 3,3 'limit on the one hand on the vertical stops the roll behavior of the vehicle and thus guarantee compliance with the vehicle boundary line. On the other hand, it influences the turning resistance of the bogie 10 via the friction pairing with the vehicle body. It "dampens", so to speak, the rotation of the bogie 10 relative to the vehicle body. The lateral slider may for example have suitable springs, with which a bias voltage is provided relative to the vehicle body to condition the Ausdrehwiderstand the bogie.
In order to condition the rolling behavior of the vehicle regardless of the vertical stiffness of the primary and secondary suspension resp. To limit, a roll support between the vehicle body and wheelset or between bogie frame and wheelset can be arranged. Such a roll support can from the right and left of the vehicle body or on the bogie frame articulated vertical rods consist, for example, supported in the same direction on a torsion shaft. In this way, the vertical movement of the vehicle body becomes a resistanceless up / down movement or a uniformly sprung movement of the torsion shaft, while the rolling motion of the vehicle undergoes a desired rolling resistance via the torsion of the torsion shaft.

Claims (12)

Güterwagendrehgestell mit mindestens zwei Radsätzen die jeweils mindestens zwei Räder aufweisen, deren Wellen innerhalb der Räder gelagert sind, wobei es ein Federsystem (9,11) aufweist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Radsätze (2) durch geeignete Mittel gegenseitig gekoppelt sind und das Federsystem (9,11) eine Dämpfung (18,18') aufweist.Freight car bogie with at least two sets of wheels each having at least two wheels whose shafts are mounted within the wheels, wherein it has a spring system (9,11) characterized in that the wheelsets (2) are mutually coupled by suitable means and the spring system (9 , 11) has a damping (18, 18 '). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Federsystem aus einer Sekundärfederung (11) und einer Primärfederung (9) besteht.Freight wagon bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring system consists of a secondary suspension (11) and a primary suspension (9). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Primärfederung (9) aus einer Vertikalfeder (16) und einer Horizontalfeder (17) besteht.Freight wagon bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that the primary suspension (9) consists of a vertical spring (16) and a horizontal spring (17). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 2 und 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vertikalfeder (16) und die Horizontalfeder (17) ein kompaktes Element ist.Freight car bogie according to claim 2 and 3,
characterized in that the vertical spring (16) and the horizontal spring (17) is a compact element. Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Horizontalfedern (17,17') auf das Zentrum der Radwelle (20) punktsymmetrisch angeordnet sind.Freight wagon bogie according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal springs (17,17 ') are arranged point-symmetrically on the center of the wheel shaft (20). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich ein Drehgestellrahmen (10) mittels Primärfederung (9) schwimmend gefedert über eine Lagerung (22) auf den gegenseitig gekoppelten Radsätzen (2) abstützt und die Längsanlenkung über einen Lenker (25) zwischen mindestens einem der Radsätze (2) und dem Drehgestellrahmen (10) erfolgt.Freight car bogie according to claim 1 and 2,
characterized in that a bogie frame (10) by means of primary suspension (9) floatingly supported by a bearing (22) on the mutually coupled wheelsets (2) and the Längsanlenkung via a link (25) between at least one of the wheelsets (2) and the bogie frame (10). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämpfung ein in die Primärfederung (16,17) integrierter Teil ist.Freight car bogie according to claim 1 and 2,
characterized in that the damping is in the primary suspension (16,17) integrated part. Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Radsatz (2) mindestens einen Dämpfer (18) aufweist.Freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that each wheel set (2) has at least one damper (18). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1 und 8 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Dämpfer (18) über einen funktionalen Hebel (19) mit dem Drehgestellrahmen (10) und dem Radlagergehäuse (23) verbunden ist.Freight car bogie according to claim 1 and 8, characterized in that each damper (18) via a functional lever (19) with the bogie frame (10) and the wheel bearing housing (23) is connected. Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Güterwagendrehgestell ein Bremssystem aufweist.Freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that the freight car bogie has a brake system. Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Güterwagendrehgestell mindestens ein seitliches Gleitstück (3) aufweist.Freight wagon bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that the freight wagon bogie has at least one lateral slider (3). Güterwagendrehgestell nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet, dass das Güterwagendrehgestell mindestens eine Wankstütze aufweist.Freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that the freight car bogie has at least one roll support.
EP20090011966 2008-09-22 2009-09-19 Bogie for a goods vehicle Not-in-force EP2165913B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH14932008A CH699589A2 (en) 2008-09-22 2008-09-22 Freight wagons bogie.

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3042821A1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-13 ALSTOM Transport Technologies Bogie with centralized primary suspension
CN106891912A (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-27 湖北时瑞达重型工程机械有限公司 The track engineering vehicle carriage that can be flexibly turned on 19 meters of curve bends
DE202017107670U1 (en) 2017-12-18 2019-03-20 Lothar Thoni Bogie frame for rail vehicles made from an aluminum casting
CN114056367A (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-02-18 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 Inboard suspension direct drive radial bogie and truck

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4258629A (en) 1979-09-04 1981-03-31 General Steel Industries, Inc. Braking and steering radial truck
DE19819412C1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-10-07 Talbot Gmbh & Co Kg Stabilizing frame for railway vehicle bogie
EP1637425A2 (en) 2004-09-18 2006-03-22 Josef Meyer Waggon AG Suspension system of a bogie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4258629A (en) 1979-09-04 1981-03-31 General Steel Industries, Inc. Braking and steering radial truck
DE19819412C1 (en) 1998-04-30 1999-10-07 Talbot Gmbh & Co Kg Stabilizing frame for railway vehicle bogie
EP1637425A2 (en) 2004-09-18 2006-03-22 Josef Meyer Waggon AG Suspension system of a bogie

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3042821A1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-13 ALSTOM Transport Technologies Bogie with centralized primary suspension
FR3031490A1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-15 Alstom Transp Tech BOGIE COMPRISING A CENTRALIZED PRIMARY SUSPENSION
CN106891912A (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-27 湖北时瑞达重型工程机械有限公司 The track engineering vehicle carriage that can be flexibly turned on 19 meters of curve bends
DE202017107670U1 (en) 2017-12-18 2019-03-20 Lothar Thoni Bogie frame for rail vehicles made from an aluminum casting
CN114056367A (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-02-18 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 Inboard suspension direct drive radial bogie and truck

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CH699589A2 (en) 2010-03-31

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