EP2154313A1 - Vorrichtung zur akustischen Verbesserung für Unterschicht einer Verkleidung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur akustischen Verbesserung für Unterschicht einer Verkleidung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2154313A1
EP2154313A1 EP09163850A EP09163850A EP2154313A1 EP 2154313 A1 EP2154313 A1 EP 2154313A1 EP 09163850 A EP09163850 A EP 09163850A EP 09163850 A EP09163850 A EP 09163850A EP 2154313 A1 EP2154313 A1 EP 2154313A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
damping
rigid
damping means
flexible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09163850A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2154313B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Boyadjian
David Fournier
Serge Rimlinger
Michèle Curt
Cédric Chaveyriat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Weber SA
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Saint Gobain Weber SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2154313A1 publication Critical patent/EP2154313A1/de
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Publication of EP2154313B1 publication Critical patent/EP2154313B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an acoustic enhancement device for receiving a coating, in particular a floor covering such as tiling, parquet, a plastic coating, carpet, or the like.
  • the acoustic device may also be an undercoat for wall covering or ceiling.
  • the main difference is improvement by acoustic insulation, and improvement by acoustic correction.
  • Sound insulation reduces noise transmission from room to room, floor, ceiling or sidewalls. Sound insulation reduces mechanical noise, such as impact or impact noises, as well as airborne noise as generated by speakers or hi-fi equipment.
  • Acoustic correction reduces the noise in the room where the sound source is located. Acoustic correction is for mechanical noise and airborne noise. In the case of mechanical noise on a floor, it is called acoustic noise correction when walking.
  • acoustic insulating devices as underlayments for flooring are known. Mention may be made of cork slabs, rubber-based underlays which are in the form of slabs or consist of a smoothing screed, or of sub-layers based on generally synthetic fibers.
  • the patent EP 0 413 626 B1 describes more particularly a device for the insulation against impact noises.
  • This is a soundproofing slab to hard surface facing the coating to be laid, and support elastic reaction opposite. It comprises a dense and flexible sheet of supercharged fibers with a density of between 60 and 200 kg / m 3 which constitutes the elastic reaction medium, and a layer of bitumen reinforced by two thin layers of glass fibers anchored respectively in each of the faces of the bitumen layer to form the rigid face of the slab, the rigid layer having a thickness of 5 to 6 mm with a weight per unit area of about 10 kg / m 2 .
  • the document FR2517728 offers the same type of product.
  • the document US 2005/0214500 also addresses the problem of noise transmission by providing an underlay consisting of a layer having a certain resilience, between 2 and 10 mm thick and having a density of between 20 and 150 kg / m 3 , and overcome a rigid layer having a modulus of elasticity of between 3 and 18 GPa, and not exceeding 14 mm in thickness.
  • the document FR 2,693,221 also offers an insulation solution to impact noise, but which is in the form of rolls.
  • This underlayer has a main layer which is arranged on the side of the coating, and a secondary layer which is arranged on the opposite side, on the ground side.
  • the secondary layer of this sub-layer provides an acoustic attenuation compared to the impact noise due to the constitution of its own cellular foam material which is elastically deformable.
  • This material is for example based on a polymer of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane rubber (PUR), polyethylene (PE), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), and has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, with a density not exceeding 800 kg / m 3 .
  • the main layer of this sub-layer makes it possible to achieve the mechanical strength of the layer.
  • Its constituent material is synthetic polymer such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or bitumen, but can also be made from naturally occurring materials such as fibers Of wood.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • bitumen bitumen
  • This multilayer material between 3 and 7 mm thick comprises a first layer facing the ground which is made of flexible fibrous materials having a basis weight of at least 200 g / m 2 and which makes it possible to damp the sound waves, as well as a second layer facing the coating which is formed by a grid or a fiberglass fabric with a mass per unit area of between 300 and 900 g / m 2 and which favors the spreading of sound waves.
  • a foam layer of the polyurethane foam type may also be provided on the floor and facing the first layer.
  • the aim of the invention is to propose an alternative solution to the existing solutions as regards sound insulation with respect to impact noises and with respect to airborne noise, and especially to guarantee a high performance noise correction when walking, while ensuring great ease of installation.
  • the acoustic enhancement device intended to be arranged on a support and under a coating, comprises a first flexible layer intended to be arranged facing the support, a second rigid layer secured to the first flexible layer and intended to to be arranged opposite the support, and damping means, and is characterized in that the damping means are integrated in the second rigid layer, or form a third layer shock absorber disposed on the second rigid layer and opposite the first flexible layer.
  • the invention thus proposes a device which, in addition to the acoustic insulation which it provides due to the flexible layer, makes it possible to provide acoustic correction with respect to the noises when walking thanks to the damping means which are arranged on or in the rigid layer.
  • the inventors have demonstrated that the order of the elements in the final device to be placed against the support has its importance in the acoustic improvement results to be obtained. Thus they have shown that it is imperative that the damping means are disposed in the rigid layer, or on the rigid layer and opposite the flexible layer.
  • the rigid layer makes it possible to ensure the mechanical strength of the entire acoustic device, and to confer sufficient mechanical strength on the system formed by the device and the coating once laid, while also absorbing the stresses on the coating.
  • the rigidity of this layer enhances the improvement by acoustic correction to impact noise because the damping means are sandwiched between two rigid elements, said layer and the coating.
  • the rigid layer incorporates the damping means, it has, at 20 ° C and 1000 Hz, a loss factor tan ⁇ at least equal to 0.06, preferably greater than 0.1.
  • the loss factor tan ⁇ at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C is evaluated using the measurement method described in ISO PAS 16940 by choosing the closest resonance frequency of 1000 Hz during post-processing.
  • the damping means integrated in the rigid layer are advantageously in the form of aggregates such as beads, granules, scrap recycled material.
  • this layer has, at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C., a loss factor tan ⁇ at least equal to 0.3, preferably greater than 1, and a dynamic Young's modulus E 'between 5.10 6 and 10 8 Pa.
  • the loss factor tan ⁇ and the dynamic Young's modulus E' are measured using a visco-analyzer , known measuring device for materials especially viscoelastic.
  • the damping layer consists of one or more viscoelastic plastics material (s) which consist of a sheet, a film, a cast resin, or a material to be spread. It may consist of glue for gluing a coating on the device.
  • s viscoelastic plastics material
  • the damping means consist of one or more polymer materials (s) visco-elastic (s), of the EVA-based polymer type, of the acrylic type, of the polyvinyl type butyral, in particular of the polyvinylbutyral type with improved acoustic damping property.
  • the rigid layer taken alone without the damping means has, at 20 ° C. and at 1000 Hz, a dynamic Young's modulus E 'of at least 10 8 MPa, and preferably between 10 9 Pa and 30.10 9 Pa.
  • the flexible layer is an open porosity layer, of the fibrous material type (x) of mineral and / or synthetic origin, of the glass fiber and / or polyester fiber type, of the synthetic cellular layer type, such as polyethylene or polyurethane, preferably having an apparent dynamic stiffness per unit of area s' t less than 8,8.10 6 N / m 3.
  • the term "open porosity" material means any fibrous or foamy allowing a circulation of air in the layer.
  • the inventors have demonstrated that the loss factor of the flexible layer is in fact not representative of the acoustic performance vis-à-vis the impact sound insulation.
  • the dynamic stiffness s' t apparent per unit area proved to be a much more representative parameter vis-à-vis the performance of the insulation impact sound.
  • the flexible layer preferably has a thickness under a load of 2 kPa of F, between 3mm and 7mm.
  • the flexible layer makes it possible to separate the coating from the support, (wall, floor or ceiling), which prevents the transmission of vibratory energy in the adjacent room.
  • the acoustic enhancement device of the invention is therefore used as a sub-layer for flooring, wall or ceiling.
  • the coating is secured to the damping layer, or the rigid layer when it incorporates the damping means.
  • the inventors have thus demonstrated that the damping means are advantageously arranged between the coating which is a rigid element and the rigid layer, which allows the damping element to deform and work in shear, to dissipate the vibrational energy. and thus provide an acoustic correction.
  • the device may be in the form of a plate and comprise integrally the flexible layer, the rigid layer and the damping means which are integrated in the rigid layer or which constitute a third layer.
  • the first flexible layer is in the form of a roll to be spread out and cut to the dimensions of the surface of the support to be covered.
  • the second rigid layer incorporating or not the damping means, and possibly the damping layer, can then be made integral and be in the form of a plate.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 illustrate various alternative embodiments of an acoustic improvement device 1 according to the invention for a floor covering 2 represented here by way of example by ceramic tiles 20.
  • the device 1 is attached against the ground 3 by being secured to it by gluing means 4.
  • the floor covering 2 is attached against the device 1 by conventional gluing means 5.
  • the device of the invention comprises according to the invention a first layer 10 which is intended to be disposed facing the ground 3, a second layer 11 which is associated with the first layer and disposed opposite the ground 3, as well as damping means 12 or 13.
  • the first layer 10 is open porous and has a certain elasticity. It is intended to provide insulation with respect to impact noises.
  • At least one fibrous material which may be of mineral or synthetic origin.
  • fibrous material which may be of mineral or synthetic origin.
  • the layer 10 may be a mixture of fibrous materials which are associated with each other due to the manufacturing process.
  • It can be a mixture of one or more fibrous materials, which are combined with a material linking them together, the layer preserving its character with open porosity.
  • the layer may be preferably constituted of a carded nonwoven carded thermo-bonded or not.
  • the layer may alternatively be a molten nonwoven obtained by molten route.
  • the layer may also be a cellular material such as a synthetic foam, of the polyurethane foam type.
  • the performance of the acoustic sub-layer insulation is characterized by their apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s' t .
  • the standard NF EN 29052-1 describes the method for evaluating the apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area of materials used under floating slabs in residential buildings. It is a question of measuring the resonance frequency of the fundamental vertical vibration of a spring / mass system for which the spring corresponds to the material of the underlayer and the mass corresponds to a load plate, the load plate being subjected to a vibratory excitation force.
  • the flexible layer 10 has an apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s' t measured according to the protocol defined above, less than 8,8.10 6 N / m 3.
  • the nature of the flexible layer and its thickness are adapted so that the layer has a thickness under load of 2 kPa measured according to the standard NF EN 12431, preferably between 3 and 7 mm.
  • the second layer 11 is however rigid. It provides the device with a mechanical strength, a cohesion of all the components constituting the device, and allows to take all the mechanical stresses experienced by the device when it is in place under the coating on which one walks.
  • the rigid layer 11 is characterized according to the invention by its dynamic Young's modulus E 'at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C. It has a dynamic Young's modulus E 'at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C., of at least 10 8 Pa, and preferably between 1 GPa and 30 GPa.
  • the dynamic Young's modulus E ', at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C of the rigid layer 11, is estimated by the measurement method described in the document ISO PAS 16940 by choosing during the post-processing, the resonance frequency the closer to 1000 Hz.
  • the density of the rigid layer 11 is less than 9.5 kg / m 2 , which allows easy handling and handling of the product.
  • the rigid layer 11 is for example based on inorganic binder, such as cement, gypsum, mortar, or based on bitumen, or agglomerated fibers such as vegetable fibers of the wood, hemp, mineral fiber type rockwool, or based on synthetic composite material such as synthetic fibers or synthetic resin, or based on a mixture of fibers and resin.
  • inorganic binder such as cement, gypsum, mortar, or based on bitumen
  • agglomerated fibers such as vegetable fibers of the wood, hemp, mineral fiber type rockwool, or based on synthetic composite material such as synthetic fibers or synthetic resin, or based on a mixture of fibers and resin.
  • the two layers 10 and 11 are secured in a suitable manner depending on the type of material used for each of the layers, for example by gluing using adhesive means of the aqueous glue type, or by thermal bonding.
  • the damping means 12 are integrated in the second layer 11.
  • the second layer is rigid, it has a damping property, and is therefore characterized by damping means, at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C, by a loss factor tan ⁇ at least equal to 0.06, preferably greater than 0.1.
  • the measurement method described in the document ISO PAS 16940 is applied to the material constituting the rigid layer. resonance frequency closest to 1000 Hz. The value of the modal damping measured on the vibration peak is then identified with the value of the loss factor tan ⁇ . This is legitimate since the material is considered homogeneous.
  • the damping means are preferably in the form of aggregates, the material of the rigid layer forming the binder. This is for example beads, granules, recycled material falls.
  • the aggregates can have various sizes, ranging in size from nanometer to millimeter size.
  • the amount of damping material is to be adapted according to the damping desired, but nevertheless in limited proportions so that the layer retains adhesion properties, especially with the coating to be bonded.
  • an addition of PVB representing 5% of the weight of the layer doubles the level of damping of the layer.
  • the damping means are in the form of chemical constituent of the material of said rigid layer.
  • This second rigid layer including the damping means may be formed of a plate as will be seen later. It may alternatively be in the form of a self-leveling cementitious leveling compound.
  • the damping means 13 form a third full-length layer which is disposed on the second rigid layer 11 and opposite the first flexible layer 10.
  • This third layer 13 is a viscoelastic material and is characterized, at 1000 Hz and at 20 ° C, by a loss factor tan ⁇ at least equal to 0.3, preferably greater than 1, and by a Young's modulus dynamic E 'between 5.10 6 Pa and 10 8 Pa.
  • the dynamic Young's modulus E' of the damping material and its loss factor are measured using a visco-analyzer, known measuring device for visco materials. -élastiques.
  • the damping means serve to provide damping in the acoustic device 1 in order to reduce the amplitude of the waves propagating in the coating 2 and generated for example by walking, which thus reduces the noise within the body itself. room. Nevertheless, the inventors have demonstrated that the damping means must be present between two rigid elements to play their full role.
  • the damping means consist of one or more viscoelastic plastic materials. Mention may be made, as materials, of polymers of the acrylic type, of the vinyl type, in particular polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with improved damping property, called acoustic PVB.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the acoustic PVB by trade name Saflex® Vanceva Quiet QC41 produced by Solutia, which has a loss factor tan ⁇ of 1 at 20 ° C. and 1000 Hz, can be mentioned as an example of material constituting the damping means.
  • the damping means are in the form of a sheet or a film, a cast resin or a material to be spread.
  • the material to be spread can be formed by glue, glue used for bonding the coating 2, and comprising damping plastic material (s). It may for example be an acrylic glue whose dosage acrylic base is preferably greater than 15%.
  • the solidarization of the damping layer 13 to the rigid layer 11 is obtained thanks to the inherent intrinsic stickiness of the damping layer 13 when it is an aqueous adhesive, or by its heating when it is a polymeric resin.
  • the device 1 as a whole can be constructed in different ways.
  • the device of Figures 3 and 4 represents a plate, a plurality of which is attached by bonding to the floor 3 as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 respectively.
  • certain elements of the device are already assembled and form a unitary system, while the other or the other remaining elements are individually reported during the implementation of the device as a coating sub-layer.
  • figure 5 illustrates this last configuration.
  • the flexible layer 10 is associated with the rigid layer 11 to form a plate 110 ( figure 6 ), a plurality is bonded to the floor 3, while the damping layer 13 which is in the form of an adhesive film is unwound on all the plates, the coating 2 is then glued on.
  • a plurality of plates 110 are arranged on the ground while the damping layer 13 is directly bonded to the coating 2.
  • the layer is for example a damping plastic sheet, such as PVB, bonded to the ceramic tile 20 on the opposite side to that intended for walking ( figure 8 ).
  • the solidarity of the damping sheet 13 with the coating 2 is done either by applying aqueous adhesive to said coating or by heating in the case of a polymeric resin.
  • each element of the device is taken individually and associated with the others during the implementation of the device to form an underlayer of the coating.
  • the flexible layer 10 is in the form of a roll and is unwound and reported against the soil 3 being cut to the appropriate dimensions of the surface to be covered, while the rigid layer 11 which comprises the damping means 12 are in the form of plates 111 ( figure 10 ) which are reported by bonding against the fibrous layer 10 and on which the coating 3 is bonded.
  • the damping means 12 are in the form of plates 111 ( figure 10 ) which are reported by bonding against the fibrous layer 10 and on which the coating 3 is bonded.
  • Table 1 is a common acoustic insulation device.
  • Tables 2, 3 and 4 are non-limiting examples of the acoustic enhancement device according to the two distinct embodiments of the invention.
  • Table 5 is a comparative example where the arrangement of the layers is not in accordance with the invention.
  • Examples The performance of Examples is illustrated by the value of the apparent dynamic stiffness per unit area s' t measured as described above with respect to the acoustic performance of the flexible layer, but on the entire device.
  • the values of dynamic Young modulus and loss factor of the damping layer 13 are measured using a visco-analyzer.
  • Table 1 illustrates a comparative example comprising only a flexible layer 10 and a rigid layer 11 without damping means.
  • Table 2 illustrates an example of the invention which takes again the flexible layers 10 and 11 of Comparative Example 1 and for which the rigid layer 11 includes damping means 12.
  • Table 3 illustrates an example of the invention which shows Example 2 but with a different flexible layer.
  • Soft layer 10
  • Shock absorbing hard layer 11, 12
  • This table 3 shows that the acoustic correction remains ensured by the damping provided by the damping means, the nature of the flexible layer to play only on the sound insulation performance.
  • Table 5 illustrates a system where the damping layer 13 identical to that of Table 4 is instead placed not according to the invention between the flexible layer 10 and the rigid layer 11, and not between the rigid coating 2 and the layer rigid 11.
  • Soft layer 10
  • N / m 3 Rigid layer (11)
  • E ' 1.5 ⁇ 10 10
  • E ' 1.9 ⁇ 10 7 Pa Device (1) associated with the floor covering (2)
  • tan ⁇ 0.01
EP09163850.2A 2008-07-24 2009-06-26 Vorrichtung zur akustischen Verbesserung für Unterschicht einer Verkleidung Not-in-force EP2154313B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0855084A FR2934288B1 (fr) 2008-07-24 2008-07-24 Dispositif d'amelioration acoustique pour sous-couche de revetement.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2154313A1 true EP2154313A1 (de) 2010-02-17
EP2154313B1 EP2154313B1 (de) 2016-11-09

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Country Link
US (1) US8066097B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2154313B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5485606B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2934288B1 (de)

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FR2934288A1 (fr) 2010-01-29
JP2010031640A (ja) 2010-02-12
US20100018799A1 (en) 2010-01-28
FR2934288B1 (fr) 2014-02-14
JP5485606B2 (ja) 2014-05-07
EP2154313B1 (de) 2016-11-09
US8066097B2 (en) 2011-11-29

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