EP2144333A1 - Bypass and earthing device with grip clamp and cable connecting element - Google Patents

Bypass and earthing device with grip clamp and cable connecting element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2144333A1
EP2144333A1 EP08012291A EP08012291A EP2144333A1 EP 2144333 A1 EP2144333 A1 EP 2144333A1 EP 08012291 A EP08012291 A EP 08012291A EP 08012291 A EP08012291 A EP 08012291A EP 2144333 A1 EP2144333 A1 EP 2144333A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting element
screw
jaws
cable
metallic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08012291A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2144333B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Mutschlechner
Arnold Reichegger
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Intercable SRL
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Intercable SRL
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Priority to EP08012291.4A priority Critical patent/EP2144333B1/en
Publication of EP2144333A1 publication Critical patent/EP2144333A1/en
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Publication of EP2144333B1 publication Critical patent/EP2144333B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
    • H01R11/26—End pieces terminating in a screw clamp, screw or nut
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
    • H01R4/308—Conductive members located parallel to axis of screw
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
    • H01R11/22—End pieces terminating in a spring clip
    • H01R11/24—End pieces terminating in a spring clip with gripping jaws, e.g. crocodile clip
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/64—Connections between or with conductive parts having primarily a non-electric function, e.g. frame, casing, rail

Definitions

  • the invention has as its object to provide a Kurzschschtude- and grounding device of the type mentioned above which is handy and to different
  • Types of terminal strips irrespective of the possibly intended Sich mecanicsart, attachable, which requires no adjustment elements for the contact elements, which allows grounding without the use of specific connection or contact elements, which provides the technician the maximum security during the attachment of the short-circuiting device and which is suitable to avoid the risk of direct contact with the live parts.
  • the invention has the object to provide a crocodile clip which effective contact with metallic elements of very different shape, such as screw heads, terminal strips, plaques on terminal strips, grounding cables, sheets or other metal parts of lighting masts or to fuse boxes which are grounded and Terminal strips, with or without fuses, included.
  • the invention has the object to provide an insulated cable connection element which is suitable to receive the respective end of, provided with alligator clip or other known connection element, cable with maximum security and electrically connect.
  • this Kurzschsted- and grounding device consists of individual connection cables, which is equipped at each of the ends with a universal alligator and at the opposite end has a cable end sleeve which is connected via an insulated cable connection element to multiple cables can be.
  • the invention proposes the provision of a clamp with two jaws in front of which at least one is moved with the contact surface parallel to the contact surface of the second jaw.
  • this alligator clip can always be easily removed from the rear by means of an insulated tool for working under tension, such as e.g. an Allen key or a screwdriver.
  • the alligator clip according to the invention essentially consists of a stirrup body which in the region of the axis has a seat with bearing surface for the head of an actuating screw which is screwed into a threaded bore of an actuating stirrup which is inserted between the arms of the stirrup body.
  • This actuating bracket has at the ends of two inclined planes which are inclined to the threaded bore and correspond to the inclined planes which are provided on the two on a guide pin between the ends of the arms of the hanger body, mutually displaceably mounted in a parallel position, jaws.
  • the operating handle will act on the movable jaw with only one of the inclined planes;
  • the actuating bow is replaced by one or two pivotally mounted on the bracket body, driven by a screw, elements which act on a surface of the jaws so that the mutual displacement is achieved.
  • this screw can right-handed thread, a bearing surface which is provided at the bottom of the seat on the bracket body for the screw head corresponds to the annular surface at the base of this head.
  • the inclined planes on the actuating bow can be replaced by inclined grooves or guide slots in which projecting from the jaws pin or projections slide.
  • the actuating screw is fixed to the hanger body so that axial displacements are prevented and by operating the said screw, the closing and also the opening movement of the jaws is achieved.
  • the relatively wide movement of the jaws allows the clamping of the jaws on elements of the terminal block which have different shape and dimensions as well as to metallic elements which are provided with grounding or directly to cables or grounding terminals. Furthermore, the adjustment of the jaws while maintaining the mutually parallel position ensures effective tapping and large contact surfaces.
  • this contact socket is voteilhaftble protected by one of the insulating shell of the terminal projecting tubular approach.
  • connection cables which are interconnected to form a short-circuiting and earthing device according to the invention, is fastened in a simple manner, in the manner of a clamp, in a dedicated bore on the bracket body of the alligator clip.
  • the entire terminal is covered by a shell of electrically insulating material, wherein for the access to the actuating screw and the screw for the attachment of the connection cable tubular projections are provided to prevent direct contact with these screws.
  • the jaws of the terminals are advantageously covered by a plastic shell with only the contact surface of the jaws are not covered.
  • the inclined surfaces on the operating bracket or on the pivotable actuators can by oblique guide grooves or Guide slots are replaced in which, from the jaws protruding, pins or projections slide.
  • the fact that the actuating screw of the clamp according to the invention can be actuated from the rear is this, even in the case of a close arrangement of the terminals or the contact elements, possibly between projecting insulating bars on the terminal strip, easily attachable.
  • the insulated cable connection element consists essentially of a single metal element which has a plurality of connection units for a corresponding number of cables which are provided at one end with their own cable end sleeves.
  • This cable end sleeve may be a metallic bush in which axially engages a fastening screw which is provided on each of the connecting seats which form the connecting element.
  • the contact between the metallic connecting element and the corresponding metallic end sleeve of the individual cables can be achieved by inserting or making contact by screwing in or by elastic action between the metal parts or by inserting or screwing in between the corresponding insulating parts, resulting in effective contact between the parts causes to be joined metal parts.
  • the cable connecting element may have the shape of an elongated rod, wherein the connecting seats are arranged parallel to each other, linearly one behind the other, it may also have a compact shape wherein the connecting seats are arranged side by side, for example in two parallel rows or wherein a connecting seat is arranged in the center and the other connection seats having mutually parallel axes are arranged in a circle around them.
  • the insulating shell which receives the metallic connecting element is provided on one side at the access points to the individual fastening screws and also on the opposite side, where the cable ends are used, with tubular lugs.
  • Each of these cable ends may be provided with a metal sleeve which is attached to the cable end and is provided with an axial threaded hole, on the outside, this sleeve is covered by a tubular insulating element which extends over the free end of said sleeve.
  • the attachment and connection of the sleeve provided at the end of the cable is made by inserting into the insulating tubular extension which protrudes from the cable connection element and by screwing the fixing screw by means of a key or screwdriver which in the specially designated tubular projection which protrudes from the opposite side of the connecting element introduced becomes.
  • the contact between the metal parts can also be made by screwing, inserting or clipping each of the individual sleeve-like claddings of the metal cable end sleeves into the corresponding tubular extensions of the insulating shell on the cable connecting element.
  • tapping clamp as well as the previously described cable connecting element can be used together or separately for purposes which do not provide for shorting, e.g. be used for the creation of electrical bypasses or by-pass, forchrosabgreifung, electrical measurements and the like.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a Kurzsch beneficial- and grounding device according to the invention which on a terminal block with Fuse, within a metallic lighting mast, is attached; Grounding is done via one of the alligator clips directly on the wall of the metallic grounded mast.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a terminal block with two fuses and placed between insulating bars terminals.
  • the Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a terminal block with fuse and terminals between which no insulating bars are provided.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an alligator clip according to the invention which at a terminal of a terminal block, of the in Fig. 2 shown, is appropriate.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an alligator clip according to the invention which at a terminal of a terminal block, of the in Fig. 3 shown, is appropriate.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of an alligator clip according to the invention which is attached to the wall of a metallic grounded lighting mast.
  • La Fig. 7 shows, partially in section, an alligator clip according to the invention.
  • the Fig. 8 shows the side view of an insulated cable connecting element according to the invention with an inserted cable end.
  • the Fig. 9 shows the cross section according to the in Fig. 8 shown section plane IX-IX through the cable connection element.
  • the short-circuiting and grounding device consists essentially of alligator clips 3, electrical connection cables 4 and an insulated cable connection element 5.
  • each of the alligator clips 3 is equipped with a free electrical connection cable 4 which at the free end has a cable end sleeve which on an insulated cable Connection element 5 can be used and fixed, it is possible to provide the terminals 3, together with the cables 4, for the various short-chamfers and for grounding the cables 4, before the attachment of the terminals 3 at the metallic contact points of the individual chamfers 2b , 2c have been connected via the cable connecting element 5, or have been connected only after the attachment of the terminals.
  • the alligator clip 3 according to the invention has a narrow construction so that it can also be attached to such metallic contact elements 2b which, e.g. between insulating webs 2 d, are arranged; Furthermore, the actuation of the clamp according to the invention always takes place from the rear side with the jaws 3a of the clamp carry out a remarkable displacement to be applied to contact elements of different shape and different dimensions while the contact surfaces of the jaws 3a are always performed parallel to each other.
  • the alligator clip 3 essentially consists of a metallic hanger body 3d, an actuating yoke 3g and two jaws 3a which are displaceable on a guide pin 3e held between the two arms of the hanger body.
  • the actuating bow 3g has in the region of the axis of symmetry of the bracket a threaded hole for a screw 3h with left-handed thread on which is inserted with her head in a seat which has a through hole and is provided coaxially to the axis of symmetry on the hanger body 3d.
  • This seat has a support surface 3n for the head of the screw.
  • the actuating bow 3g has two, inclined to the axis of the threaded bore for the screw 3h, inclined planes 3i, these inclined planes 3i act on the inclined planes 3j which are provided on the back of the jaws 3a, which by a on the Guide pin 3e deferred compression spring 3f are pressed into the position of the maximum opening of the terminal.
  • the alligator clip is externally covered by an insulating 3k which in the region of the axis of the actuating screw 3h and the fastening screw 3m tubular projections 3b and 3c for the introduction of a Allen wrench or screwdriver, without the risk of direct contact with the metallic parts having. Both jaws may possibly be covered by a shell of insulating material so that only the contact surface remains free.
  • V presses the actuating yoke 3g in the direction of the guide pin because of the left-handed thread and because it rests with its head on the surface 3n in the seat on the hanger body 3d 3e.
  • This movement V of the moving bar 3g causes, due to the action of the corresponding inclined planes 3i, 3j, the mutual approach S of the two jaws 3a along the guide pin 3e and thus the parallel closing movement.
  • the opening movement of the jaws 3 a is carried out by actuation of the screw 3 h to the left, whereby the actuating bow 3 g, by the action of the compression spring 3 f which pushes both jaws 3 a in the maximum open position, is pushed back.
  • the opening and closing movements S of the jaws 3a these are always guided by the guide pin 3e and move parallel to one another, whereby a suitable frictional connection and an effective contact surface are always ensured.
  • the cable connecting element 5 consists of a metallic connecting element 5a with a plurality of mutually parallel bores for screws 5b, one for each connecting cable 4.
  • the entire metal connecting element 5a is covered by an insulating shell 5c which on the side of the heads of the screws 5b has tubular projections whose through hole has smaller diameter than that of the head of the screws 5b so that they are retained in their seat on the metallic connecting part 5a.
  • the insulating shell 5c also points to the side where the cable end sleeves of the connection cables 4 are inserted tubular lugs on which are dimensioned such that the metallic cable end 4 a of the cable 4 consisting of a contact sleeve with axial threaded bore which is covered externally by a tubular casing 4 b can be used to make the metallic contact with the metallic connecting element 5 a and by turning the screw 4b to be attached.
  • the invention does not exclude that the cable connecting element 5 of a metallic element with two parallel rows of seats for the mounting screws 5b, or with one of these seats in a central position and the remaining seats in a circle around them and with axes parallel thereto arranged, consists.
  • tapping pliers 3 as well as the insulated cable connecting element 5 can also be used for purposes other than short-circuiting and grounding, z.
  • the manufacture of electrical bridges, connections and / or bypass for electrical voltage drops, measurements and the like.

Abstract

The device has connecting elements including a clip terminal (3) with a flange (3a). Contact surfaces of the flange are guided parallel to each other during closing and movements, which are caused by actuation of an activation screw. Electrical connecting cables (4) are attached at the clip terminal and include a metallic cable end sleeve at a free end for obtaining a connection with a metallic connecting element of an insulated cable connecting element (5). The sleeve is provided with an insulated tubular cover.

Description

Es sind Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtungen, insbesondere für Klemmleisten mit Schmelzsicherungen für Beleuchtungsmasten oder für Klemmleisten in Verteilerdosen, bekannt. Diese Vorrichtungen bestehen generell

  • aus einer Serie, von unter sich jeweils an einem Ende verbundenen, Kabeln welche an jedem der zweiten Kabelenden mit einem, an Stelle der Schmelzsicherung einschraubbarem, Kontaktelement versehen sind,
  • aus Anpassungselemente für die besagten Kontaktelemente so dass der Anschluss an unterschiedlich große Sicherungsfassungen sichergestellt ist,
  • und aus einer Kontaktvorrichtung für die Erdung. Diese bekannten Vorrichtungen weisen verschiedene Nachteile auf:
  • weil sie aus mehreren Kabeln bestehen welche an einem der jeweiligen Enden verbunden sind und deren Handhabung unbequem ist und Verwirrung der Kabel verursacht,
  • um die Vorrichtung auch für Fassungen von Sicherungen mit unterschiedlichem Durchmesser verwenden zu können muss ein Set von Anpassungsbuchsen mitgeliefert werden,
  • die einschraubbaren Kontaktelemente sind nicht gegen ungewollte Kontakte über die nicht eingesetzten Kontaktelemente gesichert,
  • es ist eine Kurzschließung oder ein Anschluss nur jener Fasen möglich welche mit Sicherung versehen sind, nicht jener Fasen welche nur durch die Klemmleiste durchgeführt sind,
  • die Kontaktelemente haben einen platzraubenden Aufbau.
Short-circuiting and earthing devices, in particular for terminal strips with fuses for lighting masts or for terminal strips in distribution boxes, are known. These devices generally exist
  • from a series of cables, each connected at one end, which are provided at each of the second cable ends with a, in place of the fuse screwed, contact element,
  • from adaptation elements for the said contact elements, so that the connection to differently sized fuse holders is ensured,
  • and a contactor for grounding. These known devices have various disadvantages:
  • because they consist of several cables which are connected at one of the respective ends and whose handling is inconvenient and causes confusion of the cables,
  • in order to be able to use the device also for sockets of fuses with different diameters, a set of adapter sockets must be supplied,
  • the screw-in contact elements are not secured against unwanted contacts on the unused contact elements,
  • it is a short-circuit or a connection only those chamfers are possible which are provided with security, not those chamfers which are performed only by the terminal block,
  • the contact elements have a space-consuming construction.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe eine Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen welche handlich ist und an verschiedeneThe invention has as its object to provide a Kurzschließ- and grounding device of the type mentioned above which is handy and to different

Arten von Klemmleisten, unabhängig von der eventuell vorgesehnen Sicherungsart, anbringbar ist, welche keine Anpassungselemente für die Kontaktelemente benötigt, welche eine Erdung ohne Einsatz spezifischer Anschluss- oder Kontaktelemente ermöglicht, welche während der Anbringung der Kurzschließvorrichtung dem Techniker die maximale Sicherheit bietet und welche geeignet ist das Risiko direkter Kontakte mit den unter Spannung stehenden Teilen zu verhindern.Types of terminal strips, irrespective of the possibly intended Sicherungsart, attachable, which requires no adjustment elements for the contact elements, which allows grounding without the use of specific connection or contact elements, which provides the technician the maximum security during the attachment of the short-circuiting device and which is suitable to avoid the risk of direct contact with the live parts.

Weiters stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe eine Abgreifklemme zu schaffen welche einen wirkungsvollen Kontakt an metallischen Elementen sehr unterschiedlicher Ausformung, wie an Schraubenköpfen, an Klemmleisten, Plaketten an Klemmleisten, Erdungskabel, Blechen oder an anderen metallischen Teilen an Beleuchtungsmasten oder an Sicherungskästen welche geerdet sind und Klemmleisten, mit oder ohne Sicherungen, enthalten, herstellt.Furthermore, the invention has the object to provide a crocodile clip which effective contact with metallic elements of very different shape, such as screw heads, terminal strips, plaques on terminal strips, grounding cables, sheets or other metal parts of lighting masts or to fuse boxes which are grounded and Terminal strips, with or without fuses, included.

Weiters stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe ein isoliertes Kabel-Verbindungselement zu schaffen welches geeignet ist das jeweilige Ende von, mit Abgreifklemme oder mit anderem bekannten Anschlusselement versehenen, Kabel mit maximaler Sicherheit aufzunehmen und elektrisch zu verbinden.Furthermore, the invention has the object to provide an insulated cable connection element which is suitable to receive the respective end of, provided with alligator clip or other known connection element, cable with maximum security and electrically connect.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgaben schlägt die Erfindung vor, dass diese Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung aus einzelnen Verbindungskabeln besteht, welche jeweils an einem der Enden mit einer universellen Abgreifklemme ausgestattet ist und am gegenseitigen Ende eine Kabelendhülse aufweist welche über ein isoliertes Kabel-Verbindungselement an mehrere Kabel angeschlossen werden kann.To solve these problems, the invention proposes that this Kurzschließ- and grounding device consists of individual connection cables, which is equipped at each of the ends with a universal alligator and at the opposite end has a cable end sleeve which is connected via an insulated cable connection element to multiple cables can be.

Dadurch dass für jede kurzzuschließende Fase, bzw. auch für die Erdung, einzelne Kabel vorgesehen sind, sind diese bequem anbringbar und verbindbar ohne Verwirrung zu schaffen was auch dadurch verhindert wird dass, zwecks Schaffung des Kontaktes, keine Drehbewegungen erforderlich sind. Sei es die Abgreifklemmen als auch das Verbindungselement sind durch eine Schale isoliert so dass jeglicher ungewollter Kontakt mit metallischen, unter Spannung stehenden, Teilen der Vorrichtung ausgeschlossen ist.The fact that individual short cables are provided for each short-circuiting, or for the grounding, these are easily attachable and connectable without confusion to create what is also prevented by that, in order to create the contact, no rotational movements are required. Be it the alligator clips as well as the connecting element are insulated by a shell so that any unwanted contact with metallic, live, parts of the device is excluded.

Um über eine Abgreifklemme zu verfügen welche an, eventuell unter Spannung stehende Elemente, bzw. an Erdungselemente, deren Form und Abmessungen sehr unterschiedlich sind und welche eventuell in engen Abständen vorgesehen sind, anbringbar ist, wobei immer eine wirkungsvolle Verbindung gesichert wird, schlägt die Erfindung die Schaffung einer Klemme mit zwei Backen vor von denen mindestens eine mit der Kontaktfläche parallel zur Kontaktfläche der zweiten Backe bewegt wird. Eventuell sind auch diese Backen, mit Ausnahme der Kontaktflächen, von einer isolierenden Schale abgedeckt. Diese Abgreifklemme kann weiters erfindungsgemäß immer bequem von der Rückseite her mittels eines isolierten Werkzeuges für Arbeiten unter Spannung, wie z.B. einem Inbusschlüssel oder einem Schraubendreher, betätigt werden.In order to have an alligator clip which is attached to, possibly live elements, or to grounding elements whose shape and dimensions are very different and which are possibly provided at close intervals, attachable, always with an effective connection is secured, the invention proposes the provision of a clamp with two jaws in front of which at least one is moved with the contact surface parallel to the contact surface of the second jaw. Maybe these jaws, with the exception of the contact surfaces, covered by an insulating shell. According to the invention, this alligator clip can always be easily removed from the rear by means of an insulated tool for working under tension, such as e.g. an Allen key or a screwdriver.

Die erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme besteht wesentlich aus einem Bügelkörper welcher im Bereich der Achse einen Sitz mit Auflagefläche für den Kopf einer Betätigungsschraube aufweist welche in eine Gewindebohrung eines Betätigungsbügels eingeschraubt ist welcher zwischen den Armen des Bügelkörpers eingesetzt ist. Dieser Betätigungsbügel weist an den Enden zwei schiefe Ebenen auf welche zur Gewindebohrung hin geneigt sind und den schiefen Ebenen entsprechen welche an den beiden an einem Führungsbolzen zwischen den Enden der Arme des Bügelkörpers, zueinander in paralleler Stellung verschiebbar gelagerten, Backen vorgesehen sind. In diesem Fall wird der Betätigungsbügel mit nur einer der schiefen Ebenen auf die bewegliche Backe wirken; es ist weiters denkbar, dass der Betätigungsbügel von einem oder von zwei am Bügelkörper schwenkbar gelagerten, über eine Schraube angetriebene, Elemente ersetzt wird wobei diese auf eine Fläche der Backen so wirken dass das gegenseitige Verschieben erreicht wird. In diesem Fall, bei Schwenkachsen der Betätigungselemente in einer Position zwischen der Betätigungsschraube und der schiefen oder gebogenen Ebene (z.B. spiralenförmig oder schraubenlinienförmig) welche auf die entsprechende Backe wirkt, kann diese Schraube ein rechtsläufiges Gewinde aufweisen, eine Auflagefläche welche am Grund des Sitzes am Bügelkörper für den Schraubenkopf vorgesehen ist, entspricht der Ringfläche an der Basis dieses Kopfes. Die schiefen Ebenen am Betätigungsbügel können von schiefen Rillen oder Führungsschlitzen ersetzt werden in welchen von den Backen vorstehende Zapfen oder Vorsprünge gleiten. In diesem Fall ist die Betätigungsschraube am Bügelkörper festgelegt so dass axiale Verschiebungen verhindert werden und durch Betätigung der besagten Schraube die Schließ- und auch die Öffnungsbewegung der Backen erreicht wird. Die relativ weite Bewegung der Backen ermöglicht das Festklemmen der Backen an Elementen der Klemmleiste welche unterschiedliche Form und Abmessungen aufweisen sowie auch an metallischen Elementen welche mit Erdung versehen sind oder auch direkt an Kabeln oder Erdungsklemmen. Weiters sichert das Verstellen der Backen unter Beibehaltung der gegenseitig parallelen Position ein wirkungsvolles Abgreifen und große Kontaktflächen. Vorzugsweise kann am Rücken der Abgreifklemme eine Kontaktbuchse für die Anbringung von Steckern, z.B. zwecks Durchführung elektrischer Messungen, vorgesehen sein, diese Kontaktbuchse ist voteilhafterweise durch einen von der Isolierschale der Klemme vorstehenden rohrförmigen Ansatz geschützt.The alligator clip according to the invention essentially consists of a stirrup body which in the region of the axis has a seat with bearing surface for the head of an actuating screw which is screwed into a threaded bore of an actuating stirrup which is inserted between the arms of the stirrup body. This actuating bracket has at the ends of two inclined planes which are inclined to the threaded bore and correspond to the inclined planes which are provided on the two on a guide pin between the ends of the arms of the hanger body, mutually displaceably mounted in a parallel position, jaws. In this case, the operating handle will act on the movable jaw with only one of the inclined planes; It is further conceivable that the actuating bow is replaced by one or two pivotally mounted on the bracket body, driven by a screw, elements which act on a surface of the jaws so that the mutual displacement is achieved. In this case, with pivot axes of the actuators in a position between the actuating screw and the inclined or curved plane (eg helical or helical) which acts on the corresponding jaw, this screw can right-handed thread, a bearing surface which is provided at the bottom of the seat on the bracket body for the screw head corresponds to the annular surface at the base of this head. The inclined planes on the actuating bow can be replaced by inclined grooves or guide slots in which projecting from the jaws pin or projections slide. In this case, the actuating screw is fixed to the hanger body so that axial displacements are prevented and by operating the said screw, the closing and also the opening movement of the jaws is achieved. The relatively wide movement of the jaws allows the clamping of the jaws on elements of the terminal block which have different shape and dimensions as well as to metallic elements which are provided with grounding or directly to cables or grounding terminals. Furthermore, the adjustment of the jaws while maintaining the mutually parallel position ensures effective tapping and large contact surfaces. Preferably, at the back of the alligator clip, a contact socket for the attachment of plugs, eg for the purpose of carrying out electrical measurements, be provided, this contact socket is voteilhafterweise protected by one of the insulating shell of the terminal projecting tubular approach.

Eines der Enden an jedem der Verbindungskabel, welche unter sich verbunden sind um eine erfindungsgemäße Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung zu bilden, ist auf einfache Weise, nach Art einer Klemme, in einer eigenen dafür vorgesehenen Bohrung am Bügelkörper der Abgreifklemme befestigt. Erfindungsgemäß ist die gesamte Klemme durch eine Schale aus elektrisch isolierendem Werkstoff abgedeckt, wobei für den Zugang zur Betätigungsschraube und zur Schraube für die Befestigung des Verbindungskabels rohrartige Ansätze vorgesehen sind um den direkten Kontakt mit diesen Schrauben zu verhindern. Auch die Backen der Klemmen sind vorteilhafterweise von einer Kunststoffschale abgedeckt wobei nur die Kontaktfläche der Backen nicht abgedeckt sind. Die schiefen Flächen am Betätigungsbügel oder an den schwenkbaren Betätigungselementen können durch schräge Führungsrillen oder Führungsschlitze ersetzt werden in welchen, von den Backen vorstehende, Zapfen oder Vorsprünge gleiten.
Dadurch dass die Betätigungsschraube der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme von der Rückseite her betätigt werden kann ist diese, auch im Falle einer engen Anordnung der Klemmen oder der Kontaktelemente eventuell zwischen vorspringenden Isolierstegen an der Klemmleiste, bequem anbringbar.One of the ends on each of the connection cables, which are interconnected to form a short-circuiting and earthing device according to the invention, is fastened in a simple manner, in the manner of a clamp, in a dedicated bore on the bracket body of the alligator clip. According to the invention the entire terminal is covered by a shell of electrically insulating material, wherein for the access to the actuating screw and the screw for the attachment of the connection cable tubular projections are provided to prevent direct contact with these screws. The jaws of the terminals are advantageously covered by a plastic shell with only the contact surface of the jaws are not covered. The inclined surfaces on the operating bracket or on the pivotable actuators can by oblique guide grooves or Guide slots are replaced in which, from the jaws protruding, pins or projections slide.
The fact that the actuating screw of the clamp according to the invention can be actuated from the rear is this, even in the case of a close arrangement of the terminals or the contact elements, possibly between projecting insulating bars on the terminal strip, easily attachable.

Das isolierte erfindungsgemäße Kabel-Verbindungselement besteht wesentlich aus einem einzigen Metallelement welches mehrere Anschlusseinheiten für eine entsprechende Anzahl von Kabel aufweist welche an einem Ende mit eigenen Kabelendhülsen versehen sind. Diese Kabelendhülse kann eine metallische Buchse sein in welche axial eine Befestigungsschraube eingreift welche an jedem der Verbindungssitze welche das Verbindungselement bilden vorgesehen ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Kontakt zwischen dem metallischen Verbindungselement und der entsprechenden metallischen Kabelendhülse der einzelnen Kabel dadurch erreichbar dass ein Einsetzen oder ein Kontakt durch Einschrauben oder durch elastische Wirkung zwischen den Metallteilen oder durch Einsetzen oder Einschrauben zwischen den entsprechenden Isolierteilen erfolgt, was einen wirkungsvollen Kontakt zwischen den zu verbindenden Metallteilen bewirkt.The insulated cable connection element according to the invention consists essentially of a single metal element which has a plurality of connection units for a corresponding number of cables which are provided at one end with their own cable end sleeves. This cable end sleeve may be a metallic bush in which axially engages a fastening screw which is provided on each of the connecting seats which form the connecting element. According to the invention, the contact between the metallic connecting element and the corresponding metallic end sleeve of the individual cables can be achieved by inserting or making contact by screwing in or by elastic action between the metal parts or by inserting or screwing in between the corresponding insulating parts, resulting in effective contact between the parts causes to be joined metal parts.

Das Kabel-Verbindungselement kann die Form einer länglichen Stange aufweisen, dabei sind die Verbindungssitze zueinander parallel, linear hintereinander, angeordnet, es kann auch eine kompakte Form aufweisen wobei die Verbindungssitze nebeneinander z.B. in zwei parallelen Reihen angeordnet sind oder wobei ein Verbindungssitz im Zentrum angeordnet ist und die weiteren Verbindungssitze mit zueinander parallelen Achsen im Kreis um diesen herum angeordnet sind. Die isolierende Schale welche das metallische Verbindungselement aufnimmt ist an einer Seite an den Zugängen zu den einzelnen Befestigungsschrauben und auch an der Gegenseite, wo die Kabelenden eingesetzt werden, mit rohrförmigen Ansätzen versehen. Jedes dieser Kabelenden kann mit einer Metallhülse versehen sein welche am Kabelende angebracht ist und mit einer axialen Gewindebohrung versehen ist, außen ist diese Hülse von einem rohrförmigen isolierendem Element abgedeckt welches sich über das freie Ende der besagten Hülse erstreckt.
Die Befestigung und Verbindung der am Kabelende vorgesehenen Hülse erfolgt durch Einsetzen in den isolierenden rohrartigen Ansatz welcher vom Kabel-Verbindungselement vorsteht und durch Einschrauben der Befestigungsschraube mittels Schlüssel oder Schraubendreher welcher in den eigens dafür vorgesehenen rohrartigen Ansatz, der von der Gegenseite des Verbindungselementes absteht, eingeführt wird. Durch Einschrauben der Befestigungsschraube in die Gewindebohrung der eingesetzten Hülse welche am Kabelende befestigt ist, wird diese kopfseitig gegen den gemeinsamen, durch Isolierschale abgedeckten, Metallkörper des Verbindungselementes angezogen und festgehalten. Erfindungsgemäß kann der Kontakt zwischen den metallischen Teilen auch durch Einschrauben, Einsetzen oder Einklipsen jeder der einzelnen hülsenartigen Verkleidungen der metallischen Kabelendhülsen in die entsprechenden rohrartigen Ansätze der Isolierschale am Kabel-Verbindungselement, hergestellt werden.The cable connecting element may have the shape of an elongated rod, wherein the connecting seats are arranged parallel to each other, linearly one behind the other, it may also have a compact shape wherein the connecting seats are arranged side by side, for example in two parallel rows or wherein a connecting seat is arranged in the center and the other connection seats having mutually parallel axes are arranged in a circle around them. The insulating shell which receives the metallic connecting element is provided on one side at the access points to the individual fastening screws and also on the opposite side, where the cable ends are used, with tubular lugs. Each of these cable ends may be provided with a metal sleeve which is attached to the cable end and is provided with an axial threaded hole, on the outside, this sleeve is covered by a tubular insulating element which extends over the free end of said sleeve.
The attachment and connection of the sleeve provided at the end of the cable is made by inserting into the insulating tubular extension which protrudes from the cable connection element and by screwing the fixing screw by means of a key or screwdriver which in the specially designated tubular projection which protrudes from the opposite side of the connecting element introduced becomes. By screwing the fixing screw into the threaded hole of the inserted sleeve which is attached to the cable end, this is the head side attracted to the common, covered by insulating shell, metal body of the connecting element and held. According to the invention, the contact between the metal parts can also be made by screwing, inserting or clipping each of the individual sleeve-like claddings of the metal cable end sleeves into the corresponding tubular extensions of the insulating shell on the cable connecting element.

Erfindungsgemäß kann, sei es die Abgreifklemme als auch das vorher beschriebene Kabel-Verbindungselement, zusammen als auch getrennt für Zwecke welche nicht die Kurzschließung vorsehen, wie z.B. für das Erstellen von elektrischen Überbrückungen oder Bypasse, für Spannungsabgreifung, elektrische Messungen und dergleichen verwendet werden.According to the invention, whether the tapping clamp as well as the previously described cable connecting element can be used together or separately for purposes which do not provide for shorting, e.g. be used for the creation of electrical bypasses or by-pass, for Spannungsabgreifung, electrical measurements and the like.

Die Erfindung wird anschließend anhand eines in den beigelegten Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles einer Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung bestehend aus mehreren erfindungsgemäßen Abgreifklemmen samt Verbindungskabel und einem erfindungsgemäßen Kabel-Verbindungselement näher erklärt, dabei erfüllen die Zeichnungen rein erklärenden, nicht beschränkenden Zweck.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings embodiment of a short-circuiting and earthing device consisting of several invention alligator clips including connection cable and a cable connection element according to the invention, while the drawings meet purely explanatory, non-limiting purpose.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung welche an einer Klemmleiste mit Schmelzsicherung, innerhalb eines metallischen Beleuchtungsmastes, angebracht ist ; die Erdung erfolgt über eine der Abgreifklemmen direkt an der Wand des metallischen geerdeten Mastes.The Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a Kurzschließ- and grounding device according to the invention which on a terminal block with Fuse, within a metallic lighting mast, is attached; Grounding is done via one of the alligator clips directly on the wall of the metallic grounded mast.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Klemmleiste mit zwei Schmelzsicherungen und zwischen Isolierstege platzierte Klemmen.The Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a terminal block with two fuses and placed between insulating bars terminals.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Klemmleiste mit Schmelzsicherung und Klemmen zwischen welchen keine Isolierstege vorgesehen sind.The Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a terminal block with fuse and terminals between which no insulating bars are provided.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme welche an einer Klemme einer Klemmleiste, von der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Art, angebracht ist.The Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an alligator clip according to the invention which at a terminal of a terminal block, of the in Fig. 2 shown, is appropriate.

Die Fig. 5 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme welche an einer Klemme einer Klemmleiste, von der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Art, angebracht ist.The Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an alligator clip according to the invention which at a terminal of a terminal block, of the in Fig. 3 shown, is appropriate.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme welche an der Wand eines metallischen geerdeten Beleuchtungsmastes angebracht ist.The Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of an alligator clip according to the invention which is attached to the wall of a metallic grounded lighting mast.

La Fig. 7 zeigt, teilweise in Schnittdarstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme.La Fig. 7 shows, partially in section, an alligator clip according to the invention.

Die Fig. 8 zeigt die Seitenansicht eines isolierten erfindungsgemäßen Kabel-Verbindungselementes mit einem eingesetzten Kabelende.The Fig. 8 shows the side view of an insulated cable connecting element according to the invention with an inserted cable end.

Die Fig. 9 zeigt den Querschnitt gemäß der in Fig. 8 gezeigten Schnittebene IX-IX durch das Kabel-Verbindungselement.The Fig. 9 shows the cross section according to the in Fig. 8 shown section plane IX-IX through the cable connection element.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung besteht wesentlich aus Abgreifklemmen 3, elektrischen Verbindungskabeln 4 und aus einem isolierten Kabel-Verbindungselement 5. Dadurch dass jede der Abgreifklemmen 3 mit einem freien elektrischen Verbindungskabel 4 ausgestattet ist welcher am freien Ende eine Kabelendhülse aufweist welche an einem isolierten Kabel-Verbindungselement 5 eingesetzt und befestigt werden kann, ist es möglich die Klemmen 3, samt den Kabeln 4, für die verschiedenen kurzzuschließenden Fasen und für die Erdung vorzusehen wobei die Kabel 4, vor der Anbringung der Klemmen 3 an den metallischen Kontaktstellen der einzelnen Fasen 2b, 2c über das Kabel-Verbindungselement 5 verbunden worden sind, oder erst nach der Anbringung der Klemmen verbunden worden sind. Die erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme 3 weist eine schmale Konstruktion auf damit sie auch an solche metallische Kontaktelemente 2b angebracht werden kann welche, z.B. zwischen Isolierstegen 2d, angeordnet sind; weiters erfolgt die Betätigung der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme immer von der Rückseite her wobei die Backen 3a der Klemme einen beachtenswerte Verschiebungweg ausführen um an Kontaktelementen mit unterschiedlicher Form und verschiedenen Ausmaßen angebracht werden zu können dabei werden die Kontaktflächen der Backen 3a immer zueinander parallel geführt.The short-circuiting and grounding device according to the invention consists essentially of alligator clips 3, electrical connection cables 4 and an insulated cable connection element 5. In that each of the alligator clips 3 is equipped with a free electrical connection cable 4 which at the free end has a cable end sleeve which on an insulated cable Connection element 5 can be used and fixed, it is possible to provide the terminals 3, together with the cables 4, for the various short-chamfers and for grounding the cables 4, before the attachment of the terminals 3 at the metallic contact points of the individual chamfers 2b , 2c have been connected via the cable connecting element 5, or have been connected only after the attachment of the terminals. The alligator clip 3 according to the invention has a narrow construction so that it can also be attached to such metallic contact elements 2b which, e.g. between insulating webs 2 d, are arranged; Furthermore, the actuation of the clamp according to the invention always takes place from the rear side with the jaws 3a of the clamp carry out a remarkable displacement to be applied to contact elements of different shape and different dimensions while the contact surfaces of the jaws 3a are always performed parallel to each other.

Die erfindungsgemäße Abgreifklemme 3 besteht wesentlich aus einem metallischen Bügelkörper 3d, aus einem Betätigungsbügel 3g und aus zwei Backen 3a welche an einem, zwischen den beiden Armen des Bügelkörpers gehaltenen, Führungsbolzen 3e verschiebbar S sind. Der Betätigungsbügel 3g weist im Bereich der Symmetrieachse des Bügels eine Gewindebohrung für eine Schraube 3h mit linksgängigem Gewinde auf welche mit ihrem Kopf in einen Sitz eingesetzt ist welcher eine durchgehende Bohrung aufweist und koaxial zur Symmetrieachse am Bügelkörper 3d vorgesehen ist. Dieser Sitz weist eine Auflagefläche 3n für den Kopf der Schraube auf. Der Betätigungsbügel 3g weist zwei, zur Achse der Gewindebohrung für die Schraube 3h geneigte, schiefe Ebenen 3i auf, diese schiefen Ebenen 3i wirken auf die schiefen Ebenen 3j welche rückseitig an den Backen 3a vorgesehen sind, welche durch eine auf den Führungsbolzen 3e aufgeschobene Druckfeder 3f in die Stellung der maximalen Öffnung der Klemme gedrückt werden. Die Abgreifklemme ist außen durch eine Isolierschale 3k abgedeckt welche im Bereich der Achse der Betätigungsschraube 3h und der Befestigungsschraube 3m rohrförmige Ansätze 3b und 3c für die Einführung eines Inbusschlüssels oder Schraubendrehers, ohne Gefahr eines direkten Kontaktes mit den metallischen Teilen, aufweist. Beide Backen können eventuell durch eine Schale aus isolierendem Werkstoff so verkleidet sein, dass nur die Kontaktfläche frei bleibt. Durch Drehen der Schraube 3h nach rechts mittels eines Schlüssels welcher durch den rohrförmigen Ansatz 3b eingeführt wird, drückt V diese, wegen des linksgängigen Gewindes und weil diese mit dem Kopf auf der Fläche 3n im Sitz am Bügelkörper 3d aufliegt, den Betätigungsbügel 3g in Richtung Führungsbolzen 3e. Diese Bewegung V des Bewegungsbügels 3g verursacht, durch Wirkung der entsprechenden schiefen Ebenen 3i, 3j, die gegenseitige Annäherung S der beiden Backen 3a längs des Führungsbolzens 3e und somit die parallele Schließbewegung. Die Öffnungsbewegung der Backen 3a erfolgt durch Betätigung der Schraube 3h nach links wodurch der Betätigungsbügel 3g, durch Wirkung der Druckfeder 3f welche beide Backen 3a in die maximale Öffnungsstellung drückt, zurückgeschoben wird.
Während der Öffnungs- und Schließbewegungen S der Backen 3a sind diese immer vom Führungsbolzen 3e geführt und bewegen sich zueinander parallel wodurch immer ein geeigneter Kraftschluss und eine wirkungsvolle Kontaktfläche gesichert wird.The alligator clip 3 according to the invention essentially consists of a metallic hanger body 3d, an actuating yoke 3g and two jaws 3a which are displaceable on a guide pin 3e held between the two arms of the hanger body. The actuating bow 3g has in the region of the axis of symmetry of the bracket a threaded hole for a screw 3h with left-handed thread on which is inserted with her head in a seat which has a through hole and is provided coaxially to the axis of symmetry on the hanger body 3d. This seat has a support surface 3n for the head of the screw. The actuating bow 3g has two, inclined to the axis of the threaded bore for the screw 3h, inclined planes 3i, these inclined planes 3i act on the inclined planes 3j which are provided on the back of the jaws 3a, which by a on the Guide pin 3e deferred compression spring 3f are pressed into the position of the maximum opening of the terminal. The alligator clip is externally covered by an insulating 3k which in the region of the axis of the actuating screw 3h and the fastening screw 3m tubular projections 3b and 3c for the introduction of a Allen wrench or screwdriver, without the risk of direct contact with the metallic parts having. Both jaws may possibly be covered by a shell of insulating material so that only the contact surface remains free. By turning the screw 3h to the right by means of a key which is inserted through the tubular projection 3b, V presses the actuating yoke 3g in the direction of the guide pin because of the left-handed thread and because it rests with its head on the surface 3n in the seat on the hanger body 3d 3e. This movement V of the moving bar 3g causes, due to the action of the corresponding inclined planes 3i, 3j, the mutual approach S of the two jaws 3a along the guide pin 3e and thus the parallel closing movement. The opening movement of the jaws 3 a is carried out by actuation of the screw 3 h to the left, whereby the actuating bow 3 g, by the action of the compression spring 3 f which pushes both jaws 3 a in the maximum open position, is pushed back.
During the opening and closing movements S of the jaws 3a, these are always guided by the guide pin 3e and move parallel to one another, whereby a suitable frictional connection and an effective contact surface are always ensured.

Das erfindungsgemäße Kabel-Verbindungselement 5 besteht aus einem metallischen Verbindungselement 5a mit mehreren zueinander parallelen Bohrungen für Schrauben 5b, eine für jeden zu verbindenden Verbindungskabel 4. Das gesamte metallische Verbindungselement 5a ist von einer isolierenden Schale 5c verkleidet welche an der Seite der Köpfe der Schrauben 5b rohrförmige Ansätze aufweist deren durchgehende Bohrung kleineren Durchmesser hat als jener des Kopfes der Schrauben 5b so dass diese in ihrem Sitz am metallischen Verbindungsteil 5a zurückgehalten werden. Die isolierende Schale 5c weist auch an jener Seite wo die Kabelendhülsen der Verbindungskabel 4 eingesetzt werden rohrförmige Ansätze auf welche derart bemessen sind dass die metallische Kabelendhülse 4a des Kabels 4 bestehend aus einer Kontakthülse mit axialer Gewindebohrung welche außen durch eine rohrförmige Verkleidung 4b abgedeckt ist, eingesetzt werden kann um den metallischen Kontakt mit dem metallischen Verbindungselement 5a herzustellen und durch Drehen der Schraube 4b befestigt werden zu können.The cable connecting element 5 according to the invention consists of a metallic connecting element 5a with a plurality of mutually parallel bores for screws 5b, one for each connecting cable 4. The entire metal connecting element 5a is covered by an insulating shell 5c which on the side of the heads of the screws 5b has tubular projections whose through hole has smaller diameter than that of the head of the screws 5b so that they are retained in their seat on the metallic connecting part 5a. The insulating shell 5c also points to the side where the cable end sleeves of the connection cables 4 are inserted tubular lugs on which are dimensioned such that the metallic cable end 4 a of the cable 4 consisting of a contact sleeve with axial threaded bore which is covered externally by a tubular casing 4 b can be used to make the metallic contact with the metallic connecting element 5 a and by turning the screw 4b to be attached.

Die Erfindung schließt nicht aus, dass das Kabel-Verbindungselement 5 aus einem metallischen Element mit zwei parallel angeordneten Reihen von Sitzen für die Befestigungsschrauben 5b, oder mit einem dieser Sitze in zentraler Position und den restlichen Sitzen im Kreis um diesen herum und mit dazu parallelen Achsen angeordnet, besteht.The invention does not exclude that the cable connecting element 5 of a metallic element with two parallel rows of seats for the mounting screws 5b, or with one of these seats in a central position and the remaining seats in a circle around them and with axes parallel thereto arranged, consists.

Sei es die Abgreifzange 3 als auch das isolierte Kabel-Verbindungselement 5 können auch für andere Zwecke als für Kurzschließung und Erdung verwendet werden, z. B. zur Herstellung elektrischer Brücken, Verbindungen und/oder Bypasse, für elektrische Spannungsabnahmen, Messungen und dergleichen.Be it the tapping pliers 3 as well as the insulated cable connecting element 5 can also be used for purposes other than short-circuiting and grounding, z. As for the manufacture of electrical bridges, connections and / or bypass, for electrical voltage drops, measurements and the like.

Claims (15)

Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung bestehend aus Anschlusselementen, elektrischen Verbindungskabeln und aus Verbindungselementen für diese Kabel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle Anschlusselemente für die einzelnen Fasen und auch für die Erdung aus der selben Art von Abgreifklemmen (3) mit Backen (3a) bestehen deren Kontaktflächen während der Schließ- und Öffnungsbewegungen (S) welche durch Betätigen einer einzigen, bequem an der Rückseite zugängliche, Betätigungsschraube (3h) bewirkt werden, zueinander parallel geführt werden und dass die elektrischen Verbindungskabel (4) welche an die besagten Abgreifklemmen (3) angeschlossen sind am freien Ende eine metallische, mit einer isolierenden rohrförmigen Abdeckung (4d) versehene, Kabelendhülse (4c) aufweisen um einzeln mit einem metallischen Verbindungselement (5a) eines isolierten Kabel-Verbindungselementes (5) verbunden werden zu können.Short-circuiting and grounding device consisting of connection elements, electrical connection cables and connecting elements for these cables, characterized in that all connection elements for the individual chamfers and also for the grounding of the same type of alligator clips (3) with jaws (3a) whose contact surfaces during the closing and opening movements (S) which are effected by operating a single, easily accessible at the rear, actuation screw (3h) are guided parallel to each other and that the electrical connection cable (4) which are connected to said alligator clips (3) free end of a metallic, with an insulating tubular cover (4d) provided, cable end sleeve (4c) to individually with a metallic connecting element (5a) of an insulated cable connecting element (5) can be connected. Kurzschließ- und Erdungsvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einzelnen Abgreifklemmen (3) mit oder ohne an diesen Klemmen anbringbaren elektrischem Verbindungskabel (4), auch für die Durchführung elektrischer Messungen, Spannungsabnahmen und für die Schaffung elektrischer Überbrückungen und/oder Bypasse nutzbar sind.Kurzschließ- and grounding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual alligator clips (3) with or without attachable to these terminals electrical connection cable (4), also for the implementation of electrical measurements, voltage drops and for the creation of electrical bypasses and / or bypass usable are. Abgreifklemme gemäß Ansprüche 1 und 2 welche an metallischen Kontaktelementen wie an Elemente an Klemmleisten, an Klemmen und Erdungskabel oder direkt an metallische Elemente wie Masten, Schutzdosen und dergleichen anbringbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abgreifklemme aus einem Bügelkörper (3d) besteht welcher mit Kabelklemme mit Befestigungsschraube (3m) und Sitz für die Befestigung eines Verbindungskabels (4) ausgestattet ist, wobei dieser Bügelkörper (3d) zwischen seinen Enden einen Führungsbolzen (3e) haltet an welchem zwei Backen (3a) verschiebbar (S) gelagert sind, dass er weiters aus einem Betätigungsbügel (3g) besteht welcher auf die besagten Backen (3a) wirkt, dass er aus einer Betätigungsschraube (3h) besteht welche zwischen dem Bügelkörper (3d) und dem Betätigungsbügel (3g) so wirkt dass dieser ausgefahren (V) wird und aus einer Druckfeder (3f) besteht welche auf den Führungsbolzen (3e) zwischen den beiden Backen (3a) aufgeschoben ist so dass diese in Richtung maximaler Öffnung geschoben werden.Alligator clip according to claims 1 and 2 which is attachable to metallic contact elements such as elements on terminal strips, terminals and grounding cables or directly to metallic elements such as poles, protective sockets and the like, characterized in that the alligator clip consists of a hanger body (3d) which with cable clamp equipped with a fixing screw (3m) and a seat for fixing a connection cable (4), said bracket body (3d) holding between its ends a guide pin (3e) on which two jaws (3a) are displaceably (S) mounted, that it further consists of an operating bracket (3g) which acts on said jaws (3a), that it consists of an actuating screw (3h) which between the hanger body (3d) and the Actuator (3g) acts so that this is extended (V) and consists of a compression spring (3f) which is pushed onto the guide pin (3e) between the two jaws (3a) so that they are pushed in the direction of maximum opening. Abgreifklemme gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Betätigungsbügel (3g) an beiden vorstehenden Enden schiefe Ebenen (3i) aufweist welche zur Symmetrieachse des selben Bügels (3g) geneigt sind und eine Gewindebohrung für eine zur Symmetrieachse koaxiale Betätigungsschraube (3h) mit linksgängigem Gewinde aufweist und dass diese schiefen Ebenen (3i) auf entsprechende schiefe Ebenen (3j) an den beiden Backen (3a) wirken um diese durch Ausfahren (V) des Betätigungsbügels (3g), unter Beibehaltung der parallelen Stellung zwischen den Kontaktflächen, zu schließen (S).A tapping clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the actuating bow (3g) at both projecting ends inclined planes (3i) which are inclined to the axis of symmetry of the same bracket (3g) and a threaded hole for a coaxial with the axis of symmetry actuating screw (3h) with left-hand thread and that these inclined planes (3i) act on corresponding inclined planes (3j) on the two jaws (3a) in order to close them by extending (V) the actuating yoke (3g) while maintaining the parallel position between the contact surfaces (S ). Abgreifklemme gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bügelkörper (3d), koaxial zur Symmetrieachse des Bügels, eine durchgehende Bohrung aufweist welche als Sitz für die Betätigungsschraube (3h) wirkt wobei für diese Schraube eine ringförmige Auflagefläche (3n) und eine Zugangsbohrung zwecks Betätigung der Schraube (3h) vorgesehen ist.Anchor clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the stirrup body (3d), coaxial with the axis of symmetry of the stirrup, has a through bore which acts as a seat for the actuation screw (3h), for which an annular bearing surface (3n) and an access bore for actuation the screw (3h) is provided. Abgreifklemme gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Betätigungsbügel (3g) durch zwei schwenkbar am Bügelkörper (3d) gelagerte Elemente ersetzt wird so dass durch eine Schraube, welche zwischen dem Bügelkörper (3d) und den besagten schwenkbaren Elementen wirkt, die Schließbewegung (S) der Backen (3a) bewirkt wird.A tapping clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the actuating bow (3g) is replaced by two pivotally mounted on the hanger body (3d) elements so that by a screw which acts between the hanger body (3d) and said pivotable elements, the closing movement (S ) of the jaws (3a) is effected. Abgreifklemme gemäß den Ansprüchen 3 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Backen (3a) feststehend, eventuell einstückig mit dem Bügelkörper (3d) ist und dass die zweite Backe (3a) durch einen Betätigungsbügel (3g) oder durch ein schwenkbares am Bügelkörper (3d) gelagertes Element welches durch eine, zwischen Bügelkörper (3d) und Betätigungsbügel, bzw. schwenkbares Element, wirkende, Schraube bewegt wird.Alligator clip according to claims 3 and 6, characterized in that one of the jaws (3a) is fixed, possibly integral with the hanger body (3d), and that the second jaw (3a) is fixed by an actuating bow (3g) or by a pivotable on the hanger body (3g). 3d) mounted element which is moved by a, between the bracket body (3d) and operating bracket, or pivotable element, acting, screw. Abgreifklemme gemäß den Ansprüchen 3, 6, 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Betätigungsbügel, bzw. die schwenkbaren Elemente oder das schwenkbare Element, an Stelle der schiefen Ebenen (3i) welche auf die entsprechenden schiefen Ebenen (3j) der Backen (3a) wirken, schiefe Führungen aufweisen in welchen, von den Backen (3a) vorstehende, Bolzen oder Vorsprünge gleiten und dass die Betätigungsschraube drehbar am Bügelkörper (3d) gelagert ist und gegen axiale Verschiebungen festgelegt ist so dass, durch Bewegung (V) des Betätigungsbügels (3g), bzw. des oder der schwenkbaren Elemente, sei es die Schließbewegung als auch die Öffnungsbewegung (S) der Backen (3a) bewirkt wird.Tapping clamp according to claims 3, 6, 7, characterized in that the actuating bow, or the pivotable elements or the pivotable element, in place of the inclined planes (3i) which on the corresponding inclined planes (3j) of the jaws (3a) act , have inclined guides in which, of the jaws (3a) projecting bolts or projections slide and that the actuating screw is rotatably mounted on the bracket body (3d) and is fixed against axial displacements so that, by movement (V) of the actuating bracket (3g) , or of the one or more pivotal elements, it is the closing movement as well as the opening movement (S) of the jaws (3a) is effected. Abgreifklemme gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese von einer Isolierschale (3k) abgedeckt ist welche im Bereich der Achse der Betätigungsschraube (4h) und der Achse der Schraube (3m) für die Befestigung des elektrischen Verbindungskabels (4) je einen rohrförmigen Ansatz (3b, 3c) aufweist um den direkten Kontakt mit den metallischen Teilen zu verhindern und um Zugriff zu den besagten Schrauben (3h, 3m) mittels geeignetem Werkzeug zu haben.Tapping clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that it is covered by an insulating shell (3k) which in the region of the axis of the actuating screw (4h) and the axis of the screw (3m) for the attachment of the electrical connection cable (4) each have a tubular extension (3 3b, 3c) to prevent direct contact with the metallic parts and to have access to said screws (3h, 3m) by means of a suitable tool. Abgreifklemme gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Backen (3a), mit Ausnahme derer Griffflächen, durch eine isolierende Schale abgedeckt sind.A tapping clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the jaws (3a), except for the gripping surfaces, are covered by an insulating shell. Abgreifklemme gemäß den Ansprüchen 3 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bügelkörper (3d) rückseitig eine Kontaktbuchse zwecks Einsetzen eines Steckers mit Kabel aufweist und dass diese Kontaktbuchse durch einen rohrförmigen Ansatz geschützt ist welcher von der isolierenden Schale (3k) der Klemme absteht.Anchor terminal according to claims 3 and 10, characterized in that the hanger body (3d) has a rear contact socket for the purpose of inserting a plug with cable and that this contact socket is protected by a tubular extension which protrudes from the insulating shell (3k) of the terminal. Isoliertes Kabel-Verbindungselement bestehend aus einem einzigen metallischen Verbindungselement (5a) welches eine Reihe von Stecksitzen für die Befestigung von Kabelendhülsen ebenso vieler elektrischer Kabel (4) aufweist, für die Realisierung elektrischer Überbrückungen und Bypasse, von Spannungsabnahmen oder elektrischer Messungen gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontakt zwischen dem metallischen Verbindungselement (5a) und jedem der Kabelendhülsen (4c) der zu verbindenden Kabel (4) durch Einschrauben oder elastisches Einsetzen der besagten Kabelendhülsen (4c) in das metallische Verbindungselement (5a) oder durch Einschrauben, elastisches Einsetzen oder Einclipsen zwischen der isolierenden Schale (5c) des Verbindungselementes (5a) und der Isolierung (4b) der Kabelendhülsenen (4c) hergestellt wird.Insulated cable connecting element consisting of a single metallic connecting element (5a) which has a number of plug-in seats for the attachment of cable end sleeves as many electrical cables (4), for the realization of electrical bypasses and bypass, voltage decreases or electrical measurements according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the contact between the metallic connecting element (5a) and each of the cable end sleeves (4c) of the cables (4) to be connected by screwing or elastic insertion of said cable end sleeves (4c) in the metallic connecting element (5a) or by screwing, elastic insertion or clipping between the insulating shell (5c) of the connecting element (5a) and the insulation (4b) of the Kabelendhülsenen (4c) is produced. Isoliertes Kabel-Verbindungselement gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das einzige metallische Verbindungselement (5a) für jeden der anschließbaren Kabel eine durchgehende Bohrung für die Aufnahme des Kopfes und eines Teiles des Schaftes einer Befestigungsschraube (5b) aufweist, dass dieses metallische Verbindungselement (5a) von einer isolierenden Schale abgedeckt wird aus welcher, im Bereich des jeweiligen Kopfes jeder Befestigungsschraube (5b), koaxial zu diesen, ein rohrförmiger Ansatz absteht, dass an der Basis dieser rohrförmigen Ansätze (5d) eine ringförmige Rückhaltefläche (5e) für den Kopf der besagten Befestigungsschrauben (5b) vorgesehen ist und dass in gegenüberliegender Position, immer koaxial zur Achse der Befestigungsschraube (5b), ebenso viele rohrartige Ansätze oder halbrohrförmige Schalen (5c) vorgesehen sind welche über die entsprechende Fläche des metallischen Verbindungselementes (5a) vorstehen um die Enden der elektrischen Kabel (4) welche mit Kabelendhülsen (4c) in Form einer Hülse mit Gewindebohrung und äußerer isolierender rohrförmiger, über die Kopffläche der Hülse vorstehende Abdeckung (4b) versehen sind, aufzunehmen und dass durch eindrehen der Befestigungsschraube (5b) diese in die Gewindebohrung der Kabelendhülse eingreift und die Kopffläche dieser gegen das metallische Verbindungselement (5a) zieht.Insulated cable connecting element according to claim 12, characterized in that the single metallic connecting element (5a) for each of the connectable cables has a through hole for receiving the head and a part of the shank of a fastening screw (5b), that this metallic connecting element (5a ) is covered by an insulating shell from which, in the region of the respective head of each fastening screw (5b), coaxial therewith, a tubular projection protrudes, that at the base of these tubular projections (5d) an annular retaining surface (5e) for the head of said fastening screws (5b) is provided and that in opposite position, always coaxial with the axis of the fastening screw (5b), as many tubular projections or semi-tubular shells (5c) are provided which protrude beyond the corresponding surface of the metallic connecting element (5a) around the ends of the electrical cables (4) with cable end sleeves (4c) in the form of a threaded sleeve and outer insulating tubular, over the top surface of the sleeve protruding cover (4b) are provided, and that by screwing in the fastening screw (5b) engages in the threaded bore of the cable end sleeve and pulls the head surface of this against the metallic connecting element (5a). Isoliertes Kabel-Verbindungselement gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das metallische Verbindungselement (5a) längliche Form hat mit den Achsen der Bohrungen für die Befestigungsschrauben (5b) zueinander parallel in einer einzigen Ebene angeordnet.Insulated cable connecting element according to claim 10, characterized in that the metallic connecting element (5a) has an elongate shape with the axes of the holes for the fastening screws (5b) arranged parallel to each other in a single plane. Isoliertes Kabel-Verbindungselement gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das metallische Verbindungselement (5a) eine kompakte Form hat mit den Achsen der Bohrungen für die Befestigungsschrauben (5b) in zwei oder mehreren zueinander parallelen Ebenen angeordnet oder mit einer Achse der besagten Bohrungen in zentraler Position und den Achsen der restlichen Bohrungen in einem oder in mehreren Kreisen um diese Achse herum angeordnet.Insulated cable connecting element according to claim 10, characterized in that the metallic connecting element (5a) has a compact shape with the axes of the holes for the fastening screws (5b) arranged in two or more parallel planes or with an axis of said holes in central Position and the axes of the remaining holes arranged in one or more circles around this axis.
EP08012291.4A 2008-07-08 2008-07-08 Bypass and earthing device with grip clamp and cable connecting element Active EP2144333B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20101135A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-24 C S R S R L JOINT STRUCTURE FOR SHEETS
CN105846266A (en) * 2016-05-26 2016-08-10 广州番禺电缆集团有限公司 Cable grounding connection device for electrical distribution box
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