EP2143852A1 - Modular step for a stair - Google Patents

Abstract

The step has flat stringers (2) extending perpendicularly to ends of a tread (1) in opposite directions, where the step is formed into S-shape. Each stringer is provided with two legs (3, 4). A fixation orifice e.g. oblong notch (6), and another fixation orifice e.g. circular hole (7), are formed on the legs, respectively. The fixation orifices are cooperated with a bolt and a nut for integrating the step to an adjacent step that is similar to the step. An independent claim is also included for a method for fabricating a metallic step.

Description

The invention relates to a staircase and a modular stair step system adapted to be mounted / disassembled and adjustable in different configurations.

In addition to their width, the steps are characterized by their lap and their height. The ratio between these two parameters defines the slope and determines the walking comfort and is established using the Blondel formula: 60 <(2 x Height) + Giron <64.

In the prior art of prefabricated stairs to climb, a set of steps is usually a monolithic block. This solution requires implementation by welding on site. Apart from the lack of flexibility and the infrastructure necessary for such an implementation in situ, this solution does not allow adjustment or possible correction after the fact. It does not allow subsequent disassembly without altering the structure itself. Each constituent element is measured and cut to precise dimensions. This solution requires a study and a custom made, precise, and case by case.

Where the "monolithic" element imposes a specific manufacture for each situation according to the lap and the walking height.

The present invention provides adaptation to a wide range of cases. During assembly the tread and the height of the modular steps have room for maneuver to respond to cases that fit into the Blondel formula, frequently used by the skilled person.

The object of the invention is achieved by providing a step member according to claim 1 in the appendix and a method of manufacture, accompanied by features mentioned in the dependent claims.

The walking element of the present invention is an element of an independent modular system for assembling a flight of steps whose slope, so the height and the tread of each of the steps is adjustable. According to one embodiment, all the modular elements are of the same dimensions, of the same structure and of the same shape. Advantageously, each element may be symmetrical with respect to a point located in the middle of the walking dish. The steps are mechanically connected to each other by bolts, screws or equivalent fasteners.
According to the invention, the independence of each of the steps allows in particular a fine adjustment of their plumb, their horizontality and their inclination. Mechanical fixation allows precise adjustments. These fixations are not definitive, they make it possible to correct both the position of the step itself, its possible fluctuations or expansions, and any possible imperfections independent of the modular element itself, such as, for example, plumb or flatness. of the support wall.

The invention therefore proposes a modular step constituting a set of daytime limon, flat walk and night slime. Each step element can be connected to a higher identical step and a lower identical step. Fixing means are provided between the walking elements at the level of the slats. We thus obtain a staircase with discontinuous slime.

In general, the invention provides a step element for a modular staircase comprising a tread and two flat members of stringer extending perpendicularly to each end of the tread, one in the opposite direction of the other, the stringer elements comprising fixing holes adapted to cooperate with corresponding silt elements of an identical modular step or similar adjacent.

The fastening means preferably comprise tabs fastening plates having notches or rosettes cooperating with rosettes or notches tabs of adjacent silt. The fastener itself can be obtained by bolts passing through an adjusting rosette and a notch in the form of a buttonhole, or according to another embodiment of two non-parallel buttonholes.

According to one embodiment, each modular step is to be connected to its perfect replica. The addition of a step is made by pivoting by 180 ° of a new element with respect to the step already placed. By this pivoting, the tabs are presented so as to overlap by superposition.

No other modular element than walking itself is needed to complete a staircase. Just take a new identical modular step and rotate it to present the extra step so that the legs, the strings of each step, between one in the other.

Due to the modularity of the step, and its "S" shape, storage and transport are rational. Each market is lodged on its replica and so on.

According to a first embodiment, the whole of the step is essentially formed of a folded metal sheet to which the parts will have been previously welded for the nesting of the stringers. These silts consist of dishes half as thick as the thickness of the tread. In this way each lime leg is in two parallel planes but not coplanar and can thus be buried. All forms a single machined assembly. The march thus constituted gathers together the night silt, the walking tread and the silt of day and this set forms a single modular piece.

Depending on the height and the depth chosen, the notches (or buttonholes) will be in different positions relative to each other. According to one embodiment, at the right of the stringers, the modular steps are provided with a horizontal notch allowing the horizontal adjustment of the tread of the march on the one hand. On the other hand they are provided with a rosette piercing which could be provided, for example, with a thread. This round piercing can receive a circular metal pellet, itself pierced with a hole off center of the center of the pellet. This part allows the adjustment of the off-center hole to the horizontal notch of the other module to which the step must be fixed. Once these elements have been adjusted, the mechanical fastening can be enshrined through the holes left, then bolted or screwed according to the preferred method of the invention. In addition to this mechanical attachment of the step itself, the rosette will also be mechanically fixed to prevent rotation and thus prevent the fluctuation of adjustments.

Each silt, that is to say day and night, constituting the module must have these two notches for the passage of mechanical fixing and blocking elements between them.

According to the aforementioned method of the invention, the circular hole rosette and the pellet are both threaded to allow stable anchoring between one and the other.
A possible variant would be to integrate the pellet in the box of the circular piercing while allowing the free and stable rotation of the pellet, so as to ensure the anchoring thereof to the modular step.

To ensure the wedging of the modular elements between the steps themselves, two notches are cut on each of the strings uniformly integrated in the walking module one oblong, the other circular. These lime legs consist for example of welding half-thick elements that the flat of the step, so that each leg silt is in two parallel planes but not coplanar. Each interlocking lug has one of two types of notches. Each type of notch must be present on each of the stringers, on either side of the width of the step.

According to this embodiment, each new element can be connected to another using the same module but rotated 180 ° about a horizontal axis traversing the drop of the step. Each leg of the different modules that will be contiguous each has a notch different from the other. One circular, the other oblong and horizontal.

According to another embodiment the connection is made through fastening elements in coordination with an oblique buttonhole and a horizontal buttonhole each present on each stringer and fitting respectively with a horizontal and oblique buttonhole of a stringer of a step adjacent.

According to the preferred method of the invention, the staircase is leaned against a wall and the steps are always connected to each other so that the moments of the forces opposite the anchoring of the wall can be transmitted from one to the other. walk to another, or a step to the landing, and thus distribute the load.

One possible variant is to consolidate the steps between them beyond the next or the previous one, by connecting all the steps using one or two cables fixed with a "daylight" element to the other, on each of the component tabs of the walking module, fixed together with the mechanical fastener passing through the notches and blocking the steps.

Another possible variant is that which aims to consolidate the steps between them beyond the next or the previous one, by connecting all the steps using one or two round tubular profiles secured together with the element of mechanical fastener passing through the notches and blocking the steps.

• la fig. 1 représente une axonométrie d'un élément de marche selon l'invention;
• la fig. 2 représente une axonométrie plus détaillée de deux pattes d'un élément de marche avec son encoche et sa rosace selon l'invention;
• la fig. 3 représente schématiquement l'assemblage de deux éléments de marche de la fig. 1;
• la fig. 4 représente une volée de marches d'un escalier selon l'invention, sans éléments de fixation illustrés;
• la fig. 5 illustre, vu en élévation de côté, les possibilités de réglage en hauteur et profondeur lors de l'emboîtement de pattes de limon de deux éléments de marche adjacents
• la fig. 6 illustre une première variante de l'invention selon la fig. 1
• la fig.7 illustre une seconde variante de l'invention
• la fig. 8 montre un détail du montage de deux éléments de marche selon la fig. 7
• la fig. 9 illustre une plaque de départ pour le procédé de fabrication de l'escalier modulaire.

The invention will be better understood on examining the drawings presented in the appendix, solely by way of example, in which:

• the Fig. 1 represents an axonometry of a step element according to the invention;
• the Fig. 2 represents a more detailed axonometry of two legs of a step element with its notch and rosette according to the invention;
• the Fig. 3 schematically represents the assembly of two walking elements of the Fig. 1 ;
• the Fig. 4 represents a flight of steps of a staircase according to the invention, without illustrated fasteners;
• the Fig. 5 illustrates, seen in side elevation, the possibilities of adjustment in height and depth during the nesting of silt legs of two adjacent walking elements
• the Fig. 6 illustrates a first variant of the invention according to the Fig. 1
• the fig.7 illustrates a second variant of the invention
• the Fig. 8 shows a detail of the fitting of two walking elements according to the Fig. 7
• the Fig. 9 illustrates a starting plate for the method of manufacturing the modular staircase.

In the drawings, like reference numerals represent functionally identical elements, or the like.

The Fig. 1 an axonometric perspective view of a step element according to the invention. We illustrate in 1 a walking dish forming a tread. A return 2 of horizontal element formed by folding, the folding axis being shown, the ends of the tread plate constitutes a silt comprising two lugs 3 and 4. A lug 3 comprises an orifice 6, or buttonhole or oblong slot, intended to receive a screw or a not shown bolt also passing through an orifice 7 of a tab 4 'of a stringer adjacent to another step element. The tab 4 comprises a circular orifice 7 for receiving a setting rosette 5 pierced 10 to receive said bolt. The rosette can pivot and be locked around its center so as to have its piercing eccentric facing the notch of the leg 3 whose height position can be adjusted. The notch 6 being oblong a depth adjustment is also possible.

The Fig. 2 illustrates in more detail the return constituting a silt comprising two lugs 3 and 4. A lug 3 comprises an orifice 6, or oblong slot, for receiving a screw or a bolt not shown through an orifice 7 of a tab 4 'd' a silt adjacent to another step element. The tab 4 comprises a circular orifice 7 for receiving a setting rosette 5 pierced 10 to receive said bolt. The rosette can pivot and be locked around its center so as to have its piercing facing the notch of the leg 3 of another step element whose height position can be adjusted. Once the rosette tab 4 is attached to the adjacent tab 3 'of another step module, by bolting through the bore of the rosette 10 and through the notch 6', the rosette 5 can be wedged by screwing it through the two holes possible 11.

The Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the assembly of two steps according to the Fig. 1 by turning 180 ° and adjusting the height and depth of the relative position of the two steps. It will be understood that according to the locked rotational position of the rosette, the decentralized drilling receiving the bolt will be at a different height and thus regulate within certain limits the height of the step. After fixing with bolts, additional blocking can be obtained with a part 15, by subsequent filling of the vacuum left between the legs 3 and 4.

The Fig. 4 illustrates very schematically a staircase obtained by assembling several steps. Fixing elements (bolts etc.) are not shown. The staircase is interrupted and is fixed at 30 at the landing and at 31 at the starting level. Also shown 34 cables secured to the sides of the day side slime and to consolidate the construction, especially if the staircase is wide.

The Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of two arranged steps which illustrates the superposition of the legs 3 and 4 respectively with the tabs 4 'and 3' of an adjacent element. The hidden parts are represented in broken lines. We note the spaces a and b constituting the games for the adjustment in depth and height respectively. Non-overlapping silts extending at the distal ends, one upward and one downward, are also shown.

The Fig. 6 represents an advantageous variant of the invention. The rosette is replaced by a second oblique buttonhole 8 which is positioned during assembly, facing the horizontal buttonhole 6 of an adjacent element. Here again, after fixing with bolts, additional blocking can be obtained by subsequent filling of the void 14 with a parallelogram piece 15 (see FIG. Fig. 3 ), empty left between the legs 3 and 4. This vacuum could however also be non-existent.

• des tiges filetées peuvent être ancrées (par exemple par ancrage chimique) dans le mur et rester en attente de la pose d'une marche. Il est possible alors d'enfiler une première marche puis une marche suivante par les tiges filetées. La mise en oeuvre s'opère donc en 3 étapes : placement 1. de la tige filetée, 2 première marche, 3 seconde marche.
• dans le cas d'une marche en tôle qui est le matériau actuellement préféré, aucun autre usinage n'est nécessaire autre que découpe et pliage. Aucune soudure ne doit être effectuée.

The Fig. 7 represents another currently preferred variant. The rosette of the Fig. 1 is also replaced by an oblique buttonhole 8 which, during assembly, is positioned opposite the horizontal buttonhole 6 of the adjacent step. The tab 9 is no longer the result of welds or patches but results from the folding of the sheet thus forming a slime on the one hand day and night on the other hand. This embodiment has at least two advantages:

• threaded rods can be anchored (for example by chemical anchoring) in the wall and remain waiting for a step. It is then possible to put on a first step then a next step by the threaded rods. The implementation takes place in 3 steps: 1. placement of the threaded rod, 2 first step, 3 second step.
• in the case of a sheet metal step which is the currently preferred material, no further machining is necessary other than cutting and bending. No soldering should be done.

A template on paper can be used to position the anchors as and when mounting according to the desired dimensions and available.

The Fig. 9 illustrates a rectangular steel plate (eg 7 to 12 mm) into which laser blanks according to the invention, including the lugs and the fixing holes, can be laser cut before folding. It will be noted that the cutting residues are relatively small. It is understood however that the walking elements according to the invention can be made of other materials (plastic, carbon fiber, etc.) and using other technologies (molding etc.).

Claims (12)

Modular stair step element comprising a tread (1) and two flat silt members (2) extending perpendicular to each end of the tread, one in the opposite direction of the other, the stringer elements including fastener (6, 7) adapted to cooperate with fixing means (12, 13) for securing the step element to an adjacent step element which is identical or similar. Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the fixing holes allow adjustment in height and depth of a step relative to the adjacent step. Element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each flat of silt comprises two extensions (3, 4), comprising the fixing orifices, in the form of two parallel non-coplanar flat tabs offset by a thickness equal to or less than half the thickness of the walking dish. Element according to the preceding claim wherein one of the two lugs comprises a bore (7) for rosette (5) capable of being locked in rotation, itself comprising an eccentric orifice, and the other lug comprises an oblong through notch (6). , able to cooperate respectively with the notch and the piercing of legs of a corresponding silt element of an adjacent step to receive a fastener. Element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a point of symmetry P located in the middle of the walking dish. A walking element according to claim 1 or 2 wherein each stringer element comprises a horizontal buttonhole and an oblique buttonhole. Stepping element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that housings in the stringers are provided to accommodate reinforcing elements which solidify or stabilize the arrangement of several steps. A method of manufacturing a metal step element according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises the step of folding the ends of an elongated metal plate, preferably at a center of symmetry and composed of a rectangular main part and two parallelogram parallel parts, respectively forming a tread forming plate and two slime forming plates, a folding being carried out perpendicularly upwards and the other folding being carried out perpendicularly downwards. Manufacturing method according to claim 10 characterized in that the fastening tabs welded to the slime forming plates. Manufacturing method according to claim 10 characterized in that the tabs are formed by cutting and stamping the ends of the folded plate or bending. A method of mounting a staircase comprising assembling at least two step elements according to any one of the preceding claims, an element being rotated 180 ° relative to the horizontal so as to be able to fix, for example by bolting, the lime legs of a walking element with the complementary legs of the other step element. Staircase comprising a plurality of step elements according to claims 1 to 7.

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