EP2126471A2 - Flamme creuse - Google Patents

Flamme creuse

Info

Publication number
EP2126471A2
EP2126471A2 EP08715520A EP08715520A EP2126471A2 EP 2126471 A2 EP2126471 A2 EP 2126471A2 EP 08715520 A EP08715520 A EP 08715520A EP 08715520 A EP08715520 A EP 08715520A EP 2126471 A2 EP2126471 A2 EP 2126471A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
fuel
nozzles
nozzle
flames
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08715520A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2126471B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dreizler
Daniel Dreizler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=39646097&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2126471(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2126471A2 publication Critical patent/EP2126471A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2126471B1 publication Critical patent/EP2126471B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/406—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/08—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air liquid and gaseous fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method or a burner device, in particular for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claims 1 and of claim 15.
  • a second significant problem is the increasing fuel prices in the implementation of potential energy present in the fuel into heat and their transition to the heat transfer medium, such as water in a heating system, of course, with the least possible effort a favorable related efficiency is sought.
  • direct convection of a hot flame on the boiler wall is particularly favorable for heat transfer to the heat transfer material.
  • such a particularly hot flame generates a lot of NO x in the exhaust gas.
  • the radiation of a flame of importance but less significant than their Konvetechnischs Koch and depending on a number of other factors, such as. B. absorption and reflection through the boiler wall.
  • This problem of heat transfer relates to the shape and design of the flame in the furnace and so far is independent of the nature of the fuel to see, for example, whether it is a combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels.
  • Burner devices (EP 0 347 834, Dreizier and EP 0 857 915, Elco) is a central fuel nozzle is present, the continuous operation of the Nachzünd réellekeit the other nozzle causes a safe combustion process in the other nozzles.
  • flow resistances are present in the combustion chamber, which cause a recirculation of exhaust gas in the outer flame area, whereby a reduction of the combustion temperature takes place with a given decrease of the NO x , without therefore the important also for the heat transfer radiation temperature of the flame goes back.
  • Each of the individual flames has in tearing off the centrally formed total flame an extraordinary importance for the current reignition of the fuel-air mixture, which is crucial for a good efficiency.
  • a problem completely independent of the reduction of the NO x content in the exhaust gas is the special combustion of special substances such as regenerative substances or additives which either do not burn on their own or cause a reduction of the toxic constituent in the exhaust gas during combustion.
  • special substances such as regenerative substances or additives which either do not burn on their own or cause a reduction of the toxic constituent in the exhaust gas during combustion.
  • urea feed causes a reduction in the NO x content
  • the glycerol accumulated in the production of biodiesel can be detoxified by a post-combustion chemical conversion.
  • the difficult to dispose of substances include, among others, heavy oils, frying fats udgl. The disposal of these substances by combustion is known to take place in very complex processes and devices.
  • the invention has for its object a method, or to develop a burner device for carrying out this method, with or with the cooling of individual flames and the total flame formed therefrom with a total given reduction of NO x is given without one in the flame arranged device and also with the ability to easily change the given burner performance on the fuel side without disadvantage for a detoxification of the exhaust gases.
  • the invention is also based on the object to achieve a simplified solution for special combustion of particular non-burning substances, without therefore a deterioration of the exhaust gas occurs.
  • the inventive method, or the burner device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1, 10 and 15 has the advantage over the known methods and burner devices that the usual there central flame or core flame is omitted and instead the individual flames form an internally hollow stable overall flame.
  • this is at least partially directed to the center of the total flame, in which case a congestion or a negative pressure in the flame center is formed, so that this hollow flame has an internal, taking place within the cavity recirculation of exhaust gases ,
  • Such a hollow flame which is open against the air flow, has a central exhaust gas recirculation, with no combustion forming inside the cavity due to the central orifice plate opening.
  • the arrangement according to the invention makes it easy to change the heat output via the flames and there is a central recirculation of exhaust gas which is important for the detoxification (NO x ) of the flames or flame.
  • the individual flames or nozzles consist of base flames or basic nozzles and additional flames or additional nozzles, of which the base flames serve to ignite and control the combustion.
  • An additional flame for example, which is further outwardly arranged base flame is assigned, which is controlled and ignited by the base flame, the final flame formed from the base flame as well as in combination with the additional flame is a hollow flame.
  • a corresponding control of the combustion air is required, for example in the form of a baffle plate with a central opening, so that in the interior of this due to the baffle plate arranged in the air flow and in conjunction with the distance from the center arranged individual nozzles (individual flames) formed hollow-shaped overall flame a central recirculation of exhaust gas is effected.
  • the additional flame of the base flame can be superimposed with a corresponding increase in power or can be switched off without, therefore, the exhaust gas detoxifying criteria, such as the internal recirculation of exhaust gas are deteriorated.
  • the recirculation of the exhaust gases automatically changes with the size of the flame, the recirculation on the outside of the flame can be done anyway by the means known in the art.
  • This advantage is that this type of firing device with basic nozzle and additional nozzle is particularly inexpensive to produce and, above all, is easy to control.
  • This advantage relates above all to the possibility of arranging such a firing device within the tubular combustion head center, besides nozzles for a liquid fuel, such as light fuel oil, nozzles for a gaseous fuel, such as natural gas.
  • the base flames are arranged more outside, that is, farther away from the center of the combustion area, wherein one base flame can control a plurality of additional flames.
  • the nozzles of the individual flames ie of the base flame and additional flame
  • the individual flames can also be operated alternatively.
  • a 3-stage performance can be achieved. In this case, the first stage could be achieved by the base flame, the second alternatively by the additional flame and the third stage by the addition of the base flame and additional flame.
  • the control of the flames via the control of the reflux of the fuel in a return of the same can take place.
  • the power of the flame is controlled by the amount of backflow given by the nozzles, so that stepless control is possible.
  • a recirculation of exhaust gas on the outside of the flame is achieved by arranged in the air flow means.
  • Such a recirculation of the exhaust gases by projecting into the combustion air flow webs is known (EP 0 347 834 Bl, Dreizier).
  • This embodiment of the invention is a combination of the outer recirculation with the hollow flame or with the recirculation of exhaust gas in the center of the flames, the total flame according to the invention forms a total of a hollow flame.
  • ground flames and additional flame formed overall flame has this in its central hollow-shaped area by the recirculation taking place there a relatively low temperature but with little, there anyway ineffective, radiation intensity.
  • the fuel energy is thus converted primarily to the outer region of this hollow overall flame and transferred to the heat transfer material, for example, water next to a boiler wall, optionally with the interposition of a flame tube.
  • an additional advantageous embodiment of the invention apart from the possibility of controlling the individual flames or of the base flame and additional flame and the respectively supplied amount of fuel can be controlled.
  • Such amounts of control can be done on one of the types of flames (single flame, flame, additional flame), but also with the use of different fuels in the claimed burner device on one of these different fuels, which of course then only in the leads to the respective other nozzles and control means can be done.
  • a device for controlling the fuel lines an electrically actuated valve or an electrically operated slide can be used according to the invention. In this way, the firing capacity can be controlled in a known manner.
  • a quantity control valve in addition to a merely the supply of fuel releasing or blocking device.
  • the respective flames or nozzles may be provided with their own ignition devices, since unlike the known firing device, a central ignition and control device is missing.
  • a central ignition and control device is missing.
  • the burner device branch off the fuel lines to the individual nozzles as to the basic nozzles and / or auxiliary nozzles of each one connected to the fuel source central line, in each of which a control device for the flow control of the fuel is arranged.
  • a control device for the flow control of the fuel is arranged.
  • the desired connection, shutdown or alternative switching of the fuel to the nozzles can be achieved in a simple manner.
  • it may be different fuels, for example, that the base flame is that of an oil burner, whereas the additional flame is formed by a gas flame.
  • the lines leading to the base nozzle and auxiliary nozzle lines are preceded by a main line which connects these lines with each other and is controllably supplied with fuel.
  • the base nozzle and the additional nozzle are arranged coaxially to each other, for example, a central ⁇ lbrennerdüse within a coaxially arranged around this gas nozzle.
  • a special combustion of special substances not suitable for the independent flame generation takes place, by passing them into the cavity present there, in particular in the burner device by using a special special nozzle, which is arranged centrally to the nozzle forming the hollow flame.
  • these special substances are additives which detoxify the main fuel by means of a catalytic reaction in the hollow flame or combustible liquid or gaseous wastes, which can now be economically supplied to energy utilization and utilization in a cost-effective manner.
  • the combustion method according to the invention and the burner device is advantageously supplemented by the use of an additive atomization, wherein the additives according to the invention are fed to the center of the hollow flame, which takes place in particular via a centrally introduced, hydraulically controlled lance.
  • the additive effect of the exhaust gas detoxification along the entire hollow flame-forming space can take effect without affecting the combustion process.
  • Fig. 2 is a view from the front side of
  • Fig. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for a
  • Fig. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for a
  • Oil burner device with basic and additional nozzle
  • FIG. 5 frontal view of an oil burner device
  • FIG. 8 longitudinal section and end view of a
  • FIG. 9 frontal view of a combination burner with two parallel oil burner nozzles
  • Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section through a combination burner with coaxial arrangement of oil and gas nozzle
  • Figure 11 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for an oil burner, combined with a nozzle for special combustion.
  • Fig. 13 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for a
  • Oil burner device with basic and additional nozzle as well as two nozzles for special combustion
  • Fig. 14 is an end view of the oil burner with
  • Fig. 15 longitudinal section through an externally controlled lance.
  • an oil burner is shown in longitudinal section, or viewed from the front side, in which in a burner tube 1 oil nozzles 2 are arranged in a circle around a baffle plate 3, which has a central opening 4.
  • the burner tube 1 has on its end facing the baffle plate 3 an inwardly directed cone 5, which forms an annular passage opening 6 with the outer edge of the baffle plate 3.
  • the liquid fuel is supplied from a fuel tank 7 via a line 8 by means of a pump 9 to the oil nozzles 2, wherein in the line 8 to the control of a solenoid valve 10 is arranged.
  • a branch 11 to individual lines 12 is provided in the line 8.
  • the combustion air is introduced by known means, not shown, such as a radial fan on the back 13 of the burner tube 1, in this in the flow direction 14 as soon as the furnace is in operation.
  • This air flow impinges on the baffle plate 3 and is guided via the circular passage opening and the central opening in the combustion chamber 15.
  • the oil flow to the oil nozzles 2 is delayed transmitted and atomized after exiting the nozzle 2 and ignited. This creates the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2.
  • the baffle plate also radially extending swirl blades 17 are provided, through which the combustion air is swirled on exiting the burner tube 1 into the combustion chamber 15 in order to achieve a good mixing with the fuel atomized via the oil nozzles 2.
  • recirculation 18 of exhaust gas on the outside to the total flame 16.3 formed by the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2 is achieved by the cone 5 on the burner tube 1.
  • pressure-opening control heads 21 are arranged on the nozzle rods, which open into a common pressure-leading control line 23.
  • This control line 23 comes from the pressure side of the pump 9 and serves to supply the individual nozzles 2.
  • the control heads 21 (FIG. 15) open the needle valves 43 effectively via a spring-actuated auxiliary cylinder only from a defined pressure in the supply line 22 from the control line 23 In the case of pressure drop, the nozzles allow automatic nozzle closure, which prevents the fuel from spilling at standstill.
  • a return line 12 which opens into a return manifold 8 with downstream pressure control part 26 for power regulation.
  • additional control valves 10 may be arranged, which operate independently of the quantity control. This advantageous arrangement makes it possible to regulate the atomization pressure at the nozzles 2 steplessly via the pressure control part 26.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is an oil burner, in each of which close to each other and on a circle two oil nozzles 27 and 28 are arranged in pairs, each generating 16.1 u 16.2 single flames and of which a nozzle 27 serves as a basic nozzle, while the adjacent second nozzle 28 is provided as an additional nozzle, wherein the base nozzle 16.1 generates a base flame and the auxiliary nozzle an additional flame 16.2.
  • the basic flames and additional flames cause the total flame 16.3, wherein for adjusting, or tuning of the individual nozzles each other, the passage through the individual lines 12 can be adjusted.
  • the oil lines are formed as in the previous examples, namely with a line 8, in which a solenoid valve 10 is arranged, which leads to a branch 11, from which the individual lines 12 branch off, leading to the oil nozzles.
  • the oil supply takes place via a pump 9 to a manifold 29, from which the two lines 8 lead to the branches 11.
  • the working pressure in the distributor 29 is controlled by two pressure meter 30. According to the invention instead of this
  • Double nozzle arrangement also be provided a single nozzle, in which the flow, as in this embodiment but also the embodiment of FIG. 1, is shown. But it can also be controlled by the return of one or both of these total flame 16.3 forming the base nozzle or auxiliary nozzle.
  • the particular advantage of the double nozzle arrangement is that one of the nozzles operates continuously, so that its flame, the base flame 16.1 or additional flame 16.2, controls the other flames. In this way, it is ensured that a multi-level regulation of the overall flame 16.3 can be easily switched to trouble-free burner output regulation.
  • a burner tube 1 but with independent of the type of fuel in pairs and radially arranged nozzles 31 and 32, their supply lines 33 and 34 according to the different nature of the fuel via one Valve 35 and 36 are controlled.
  • the cavity 19 is mainly formed by the central opening 4 and between the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2, and the total flame 16.3, which are generated via the nozzles 32.
  • the flames caused by the nozzles 31 are the base flames 16.1, the supplemented by connecting the nozzles 32 with additional flames 16.2 in the sum of the total flame 16.3 form a hollow flame.
  • a gas burner is shown in simplified longitudinal section, which basically corresponds in structure to the example of FIG. 1 with the difference that instead of four oil burner nozzles four gas nozzles 37 are used.
  • the gas flow in the supply line 38 is controlled by a gas slide 39.
  • the baffle plate 3 forms with the help of the baffle plate 3, the cavity 19 within the 16.4 formed from the individual flames 16.1Polflamme.
  • FIG. 8 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is shown in two the burner side end shown partial sections and an end view of a combined oil / gas burner, arranged on a circle arranged in accordance with the example of FIG. 2 four oil burner nozzles and according to the embodiment according to Fig. 7, however, eight additional gas burner nozzles 37 are provided. In this case, both the total flame 16.3 can be formed from the nozzles 2 and / or from the nozzles 37.
  • Fig. 9 is exemplified over the front view of an oil / gas burner, as are similar to the embodiment of FIG. 5 oil nozzles arranged in pairs and in turn according to the embodiment of FIG. 8 are combined with gas nozzles 37, wherein each nozzle on a Are arranged circle.
  • FIG. 10 is also an oil / gas burner, in which, however, the oil lines 41 and the gas lines 42 sections are arranged coaxially, so that the oil nozzles 2 and the gas nozzles 37 are arranged coaxially with each other.
  • FIGS. 11 and 13 show the hydraulic supplementary plans for the control of the heavy or non-combustible special fuels which are used in combination with the hydraulic circuit diagrams according to FIGS. 3 and 4 and according to which additives are introduced into the hollow flame via a spray nozzle 40.
  • the function is congruent with the control of the fuels of FIG. 3 or 4 and realized with identical or similar components.
  • FIG. 12 and 14 show the supplementary arrangement of the difficult or incombustible special fuels or additives and their Ein effetsgeometrie on the atomizer nozzle 40 to the same basic arrangements of FIG. 2 and Fig. 5 of the nozzles for the formation of the hollow flame.
  • Fig. 15 shows the basic design of the hydraulic control of the control head 21.
  • the control heads 21 open via a spring-actuated auxiliary cylinder 25 from a defined pressure in the supply line 22 only the needle valves 43 effectively to the nozzles and allow for pressure drop the automatic nozzle closure, the leakage of the Fuel at standstill prevented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé ainsi qu'un dispositif brûleur pour la combustion de fioul et/ou de gaz en tant que combustible. Selon l'invention, une flamme combinée (16.3) est générée au moyen de flammes individuelles (16.1 et 16.2), une flamme creuse étant formée à l'intérieur de cette flamme combinée, en aval d'un tube de flamme (1) mais en amont de la combustion. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, on peut avoir une recirculation des gaz brûlés à l'intérieur de cette flamme creuse. Un élément structurel important pour la génération de la flamme creuse est un disque déflecteur (3) placé dans le flux d'air.
EP08715520.6A 2007-02-27 2008-02-27 Flamme creuse Active EP2126471B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710009922 DE102007009922A1 (de) 2007-02-27 2007-02-27 Hohlflamme
PCT/DE2008/000328 WO2008104158A2 (fr) 2007-02-27 2008-02-27 Flamme creuse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2126471A2 true EP2126471A2 (fr) 2009-12-02
EP2126471B1 EP2126471B1 (fr) 2016-02-10

Family

ID=39646097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08715520.6A Active EP2126471B1 (fr) 2007-02-27 2008-02-27 Flamme creuse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2126471B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007009922A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008104158A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2116766B1 (fr) * 2008-05-09 2016-01-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur avec lance à combustible
EP4235027A1 (fr) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-30 Sofinter S.p.A. Installation de brûleur pour une chaudière et procédé de fonctionnement de l'installation de brûleur

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016125526B3 (de) 2016-12-22 2018-05-30 Max Weishaupt Gmbh Mischvorrichtung und Brennerkopf für einen Brenner mit reduziertem NOx-Ausstoß
US10982846B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2021-04-20 Webster Combustion Technology Llc Vortex recirculating combustion burner head

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2116766B1 (fr) * 2008-05-09 2016-01-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur avec lance à combustible
EP4235027A1 (fr) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-30 Sofinter S.p.A. Installation de brûleur pour une chaudière et procédé de fonctionnement de l'installation de brûleur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2126471B1 (fr) 2016-02-10
DE102007009922A1 (de) 2008-08-28
WO2008104158A3 (fr) 2008-11-20
WO2008104158A2 (fr) 2008-09-04

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