EP2126471B1 - Flamme creuse - Google Patents

Flamme creuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2126471B1
EP2126471B1 EP08715520.6A EP08715520A EP2126471B1 EP 2126471 B1 EP2126471 B1 EP 2126471B1 EP 08715520 A EP08715520 A EP 08715520A EP 2126471 B1 EP2126471 B1 EP 2126471B1
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Prior art keywords
flame
fuel
nozzles
nozzle
flames
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EP08715520.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2126471A2 (fr
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Ulrich Dreizler
Daniel Dreizler
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/406—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/08—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air liquid and gaseous fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1, or a burner device in particular for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • a second not insignificant problem is the increasing fuel prices in the implementation of potential energy present in the fuel into heat and their transition to the heat transfer medium, such as water, in a heating system, of course, with the least possible effort a favorable related efficiency is sought.
  • This problem of heat transfer relates to the shape and design of the flame in the furnace and is so far regardless of the nature of the fuel to see whether it is, for example, a combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels.
  • this combustion chamber may be formed, for example through the wall of a boiler, to obtain the known advantages of the prior art here.
  • individual flames are formed in this method and blower burner by spaced from each other and to the burner tube axis individual flames, which give a Hüllflamme, which is controlled by controlling the combustion air in quantity and shape according to the need also the performance of the flames.
  • An essential feature of combustion modeling of this combustion is that in the center of the individual nozzles or individual flames, for example a central one Gas nozzle, a core flame is formed within the envelope flame, which causes an internal exhaust gas recirculation with the individual flames of the envelope flame, and wherein by changing the ratio of the fuel supply to the envelope flame or the nuclear flame modeling of at least the core flame is possible.
  • NO x -reducing internal recirculation of exhaust gas in the region of the core flame is controlled.
  • the core flame can serve as a pilot or pilot flame and also serve to change the performance.
  • a known generic burner device takes place only downstream of the baffle plate and a burner tube in a combustion chamber combustion, with spaced nozzles in the plane of the baffle plate, which are arranged in a circle, wherein a total of one homogeneous mixing of the injected fuel should take place and the blue-flame flame should have lower core temperatures, thereby reducing the proportion of nitrogen oxides.
  • a diameter ratio of the distance of a quarter of the diameter of the burner tube to the longitudinal axis of the same Apart from the additional arrangements of a complex combustion chamber in a burner tube downstream of the baffle plate in order to achieve this desired homogeneous mixing, in this known burner, a diameter ratio of the distance of a quarter of the diameter of the burner tube to the longitudinal axis of the same.
  • a problem completely independent of the reduction of the NO x content in the exhaust gas is the special combustion of special substances such as regenerative substances or additives which either do not burn on their own or cause a reduction of the toxic constituent in the exhaust gas during combustion.
  • special substances such as regenerative substances or additives which either do not burn on their own or cause a reduction of the toxic constituent in the exhaust gas during combustion.
  • urea feed causes a reduction in the NO x content
  • the glycerol produced in the production of biodiesel can be detoxified by a chemical conversion by afterburning.
  • the hard-to-dispose substances include, among others, heavy oils, frying fat udgl. The disposal of these substances by combustion is known to take place in very complex processes and devices.
  • the invention has for its object a method, or to develop a burner device for carrying out this method, with or with the cooling of individual flames and the resulting total flame is given with a total reduction of NO x values, and this without a device arranged in the flame for Control of a flame kernel.
  • This should also be possible to easily change or modulate the given burner performance on the fuel side without detriment to a detoxification of the exhaust gases.
  • the invention is also based on the object of achieving a simplified solution for the special combustion of, in particular, non-combustible substances on their own, without a significant deterioration of the exhaust gas therefore occurring.
  • the inventive method or the burner device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1 and 13 has the advantage over the known methods and burner devices that the recirculation of exhaust gases takes place in the interior of the overall flame, whereby the desired NOx detoxification is achieved in the desired extent and that the usual in the prior art central flame, or core flame is omitted and instead the individual flames form a Hüllflamme with an internally hollow stable overall flame with, for example, cup-shaped cross-section, in the cavity of the Abfasrezirkulation takes place.
  • the invention not only increases the efficiency, but also achieves technical safety and a substantial reduction in the manufacturing and operating costs.
  • this is at least partially directed to the center of the total flame, wherein through the baffle plate a congestion or a negative pressure in the cavity of the overall flame is formed, so that this flame has an internal, taking place within the cavity recirculation of exhaust gases.
  • This recirculation Within the overall flame is additionally promoted by the provided in the center of the baffle plate opening for the combustion air.
  • Such an overall flame open towards the airflow has a central exhaust gas recirculation, with no combustion occurring due to the central orifice plate opening within the cavity of the flame.
  • the arrangement according to the invention makes it easy to change the heat output via the flames and nevertheless there is a central (internal) recirculation of exhaust gas which is important for the detoxification (NOx) of the flames or flame.
  • the individual flames or nozzles consist of base flames or basic nozzles and auxiliary flames or auxiliary nozzles, of which the base flames of the ignition and control of combustion are used.
  • the basic flame for example, located further outwards, is assigned an additional flame which is controlled and ignited by the base flame, the final flame formed from the base flame and also in combination with the additional flame forming the overall flame.
  • a corresponding control of the combustion air is required, namely in the form of a baffle plate with a central opening, so that formed in the interior of this due to the arranged in the air flow baffle plate and in connection with the distance from the center of the individual nozzles (individual flames)
  • the additional flame of the base flame can be superimposed with a corresponding increase in power or can be switched off, without therefore the exhaust gas detoxifying criteria, such as the internal recirculation of exhaust, to be deteriorated.
  • the recirculation of the exhaust gases automatically changes with the size of the flame, the recirculation on the outside of the overall flame can be done anyway by the means known in the art.
  • An additional advantage is that a firing device with a basic nozzle and additional nozzle is particularly inexpensive to produce and, above all, is easy to control.
  • This advantage relates above all to the possibility of arranging such a firing device within the tubular firing head, besides nozzles for a liquid fuel, such as light fuel oil, nozzles for a gaseous fuel, such as natural gas.
  • the base flames or the basic nozzles are rather more outside, so from the center of the combustion area farther away, arranged, a Grundflame can control several additional flames.
  • the nozzles of the individual flames, ie of base flames and additional flame also be arranged side by side on a circle, with the advantage that the cavity of the overall flame formed mainly by the additional flames is low and causes a uniform internal recirculation regardless of whether only the base flame or the additional flames are in operation.
  • the individual flames for example, base flame or additional flame
  • the individual flames also be alternatively in operation.
  • z. B. a 3-stage performance can be achieved.
  • the first stage could be achieved by the base flame, the second alternatively by the additional flame and the third stage by the addition of the base flame and additional flame.
  • the control of the flames via the control of the reflux of the fuel in a return of the same can take place. It is particularly advantageous that the power of the flame on the given by the nozzles vomströmmenge is controlled so that a stepless control is possible.
  • a recirculation of exhaust gas on the outside of the flame is achieved by arranged in the air flow means.
  • Such a recirculation of the exhaust gases through webs projecting into the combustion air flow is known ( EP 0 347 834 B1 , Dreizler).
  • This embodiment of the invention is a combination of the outer recirculation with the total flame or with the recirculation of exhaust gas in the center of the individual flames, regardless of whether the total flame according to the invention forms a total of a cavity.
  • the fuel energy is thus converted primarily to the outer region of this hollow overall flame and transferred to the heat transfer material, for example, water next to a boiler wall, optionally with the interposition of a flame tube.
  • each supplied amount of fuel can be controlled.
  • a quantity control can also be performed on one of the types of flames (individual flame, Basic flame, additional flame), when using different fuels in the claimed burner device by one of these different fuels, which then happens in the supply lines to the respective other nozzles and control means.
  • an electrically actuated valve or an electrically operated slide can be used according to the invention. In this way, the firing capacity can be controlled in a known manner even with special fuel.
  • a quantity control valve in addition to a merely the supply of fuel releasing or blocking device.
  • the respective flames or nozzles may be provided with their own ignition devices, as in contrast to the known firing device, a central ignition and control device is missing.
  • a central ignition and control device is missing.
  • the fuel lines branch off to the individual nozzles as well as to the basic nozzles and / or additional nozzles of a respective central line connected to the fuel source, in each of which a control device for the quantity control of the fuel is arranged.
  • a control device for the quantity control of the fuel is arranged.
  • the desired connection, disconnection or alternative switching of the fuel to the nozzles can be carried out in a simple manner.
  • it may be different fuels, for example, that the base flame is that of an oil burner, whereas the additional flame is formed by a gas flame.
  • the lines leading to the base nozzle and auxiliary nozzle lines are preceded by a main line which connects these lines with each other and is controllably supplied with fuel.
  • the base nozzle and the additional nozzle are arranged coaxially with each other in the individual nozzles, for example, as a central ⁇ lbrennerdüse within a coaxially arranged around these gas nozzle.
  • a special combustion not suitable for the intrinsic flame generation suitable special substances by these are conducted into the existing cavity there, through Using a special special nozzle, which is arranged centrally to the cavity forming the cavity within the overall flame.
  • these special substances are additives which detoxify the main fuel by catalytic reaction in the overall flame or combustible liquid or gaseous waste materials, which can now economically be economically supplied for energy utilization and utilization. It is thus not a nuclear flame as in the prior art.
  • the combustion method according to the invention and the burner device are advantageously supplemented by the use of an additive atomization, wherein the additives are advantageously fed to the center of the overall flame, which in particular via a centrally introduced, hydraulically controlled lance.
  • the additive effect of the exhaust gas detoxification can take place along the entire space forming the overall flame, without adversely affecting the combustion process.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is an oil burner in longitudinal section and shown from the front side, in which in a burner tube 1 oil nozzles 2 are arranged in a circle around a baffle plate 3, which has a central opening 4.
  • the burner tube 1 has on its end facing the baffle plate 3 an inwardly directed cone 5, which forms an annular passage opening 6 with the outer edge of the baffle plate 3.
  • the fuel oil passes from a tank 7 via a line 8 by means of a pump 9 to the Oil nozzles 2, wherein in the line 8 to the control of a solenoid valve 10 is arranged.
  • a branch 11 to individual lines 12 is provided in the line 8.
  • the combustion air is introduced by known means, not shown, such as a radial fan on the back 13 of the burner tube 1, in this in the flow direction 14 as soon as the furnace is in operation.
  • This air flow impinges on the baffle plate 3 and is guided via the circular passage opening 6 and the central opening 4 into a combustion chamber 15.
  • the oil flow to the oil nozzles 2 is delayed transmitted and atomized after exiting the nozzle 2 and ignited. This creates individual flames 16.1 and 16.2.
  • the baffle plate also radially extending swirl blades 17 are provided, through which the combustion air is swirled on exiting the burner tube 1 into the combustion chamber 15 in order to achieve a good mixing with the fuel atomized via the oil nozzles 2.
  • recirculation 18 of exhaust gas on the outside to the total flame 16.3 formed by the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2 is achieved by the cone 5 on the burner tube 1.
  • a cavity 19 is formed which is open towards the central opening 4 and open away from the same through the total flame 16.3 as far as the flame end can and causes a central flame-free zone, which prevails in this cavity 19 due to the congestion effect of lack of combustion air, or lack of oxygen. Due to this stowage effect, in particular the design of the central opening 4, it is achieved that within the cavity 19 a Recirculation of exhaust gas takes place, with the result of detoxification of the NO x share during the combustion process. The high internal CO content is then burned downstream completely in the combustion chamber 15 free of pollutants. The very low temperatures in the central area of the total flame 16.3 lead to the fact that no harmful NO x content can form at all.
  • FIG. 3 shown hydraulic circuit diagram for an oil burner with four each individual flames 16.1 and .2 generating oil nozzles 2 are arranged on the nozzle sticks 20 under pressure-opening control heads 21, which open into a common pressurized control line 23.
  • This control line 23 comes from the pressure side of the pump 9 and serves to supply the individual nozzles 2.
  • the control heads 21 open via a spring-actuated auxiliary cylinder, the needle valves 43 (FIGS. Fig. 15 ) effective only from a defined pressure in the supply line 22 from the control line 23 forth to the nozzles, and allow for pressure drop the automatic nozzle closure, which prevents leakage of the fuel at a standstill.
  • a return line 12 which opens into a return manifold 8 with downstream pressure control part 26 for the power regulation.
  • additional control valves 10 may be arranged, which operate independently of the quantity control. This advantageous arrangement makes it possible to regulate the atomization pressure at the nozzles 2 steplessly via the pressure control part 26. As mentioned above, the control over the return line in the invention is particularly advantageous.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment is an oil burner, in each of which closely adjacent to each other and on a circle two oil nozzles 27 and 28 are arranged in pairs, the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2 produce and of which a nozzle 27 serves as a basic nozzle, while the adjacent second nozzle 28 is provided as an additional nozzle, wherein the base nozzle 16.1 and the auxiliary nozzle generates an additional flame 16.2.
  • the basic flames and additional flames cause the overall flame 16.3, wherein for the adjustment or tuning of the individual nozzles to each other, the passage through the individual lines 12 can be adjusted.
  • the oil lines are formed as in the previous examples, namely with a line 8, in which a solenoid valve 10 is arranged, which leads to a branch 11, from which the individual lines 12 branch off, leading to the oil nozzles.
  • the oil supply takes place via a pump 9 to a manifold 29, from which the two lines 8 lead to the branches 11.
  • the working pressure in the distributor 29 ( Fig. 4 ) is controlled by two pressure meters 30.
  • a single nozzle can be provided in each case instead of this double nozzle arrangement, in which the flow, as in this embodiment but also the embodiment according to Fig. 1 , is shown. But it can also be controlled by the return of one or both of these total flame 16.3 forming the base nozzle or auxiliary nozzle.
  • the particular advantage of the double nozzle arrangement is that one of the nozzles operates continuously, so that its flame, the base flame 16.1 or additional flame 16.2, controls the other flames. In this way it is ensured that a multi-level regulation of the total flame 16.3 can be switched smoothly in a simple way to burner power regulation. In addition, advantageously a modeling of the flame can take place.
  • FIG. 6 illustrated embodiment has as in Fig. 1 a burner tube 1, however, regardless of the type of Fuel pairs and radially to each other arranged nozzles 31 and 32, the supply lines 33 and 34 are controlled according to the different nature of the fuel via a respective valve 35 and 36.
  • the cavity 19 is mainly formed by the central opening 4 and between the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2, and the total flame 16.3, which are generated via the nozzles 32.
  • the flames, which are generated via the nozzles 31, are basic flame 16.1, the addition of which connect the nozzles 32 with additional flames 16.2 in the sum of the total flame 16.3 form a hollow flame.
  • a gas burner is shown simplified in longitudinal section, the principle in the construction of the example Fig. 1 corresponds with the difference that four gas nozzles 37 are used instead of four oil burner nozzles.
  • the gas flow in the supply line 38 is controlled by a gas slide 39.
  • the baffle plate 3 forms with the help of the baffle plate 3, the cavity 19 within the 16.4 formed from the individual flames 16.1Polflamme.
  • Fig. 8 illustrated embodiment is shown in two partial sections and an end view of the burner tube end of a combined oil / gas burner, arranged in which arranged on a circle according to the example Fig. 2 four oil burner nozzles are provided and according to the embodiment according to Fig. 7 however, eight additional gas burner nozzles 37 are provided.
  • the total flame 16.3 can be formed via the nozzles 2 and / or via the nozzles 37.
  • Fig. 9 is exemplified over the frontal view of an oil / gas burner, as similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 5 Oil nozzles are arranged in pairs and turn according to the embodiment according to Fig. 8 are combined with gas nozzles 37, wherein each nozzle are arranged on a circle.
  • Fig. 10 it is also an oil / gas burner, in which, however, the oil lines 41 and the gas lines 42 are arranged in sections coaxially, so that the oil nozzles 2 and the gas nozzles 37 are arranged in a known manner with the known advantages coaxially to each other ( WO 2007/134580 A1 ; Fig. 4 ).
  • Fig. 11 and 13 The hydraulic supplementary plans for the control of heavy or non-combustible special fuels are shown, which correspond in combination with the hydraulic circuit diagrams 3 and 4 are used and according to which additives are introduced into the cavity of the overall flame via a spray nozzle 40.
  • the function is congruent with the control of the fuels 3 or 4 and realized with identical or similar components.
  • Fig. 12 and 14 show the supplementary arrangement of heavy or non-combustible special fuels or additives and their Ein effetsgeometrie on the atomizer nozzle 40 to the same basic arrangements according to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 nozzles for training of the total flame.
  • Fig. 15 shows the basic design of the hydraulic control of the control head 21.
  • the control heads 21 open via a spring-actuated auxiliary cylinder 25 from a defined pressure in the supply line 22. Only the needle valves 43 allow for pressure drop The automatic nozzle closure, which prevents fuel leakage at standstill.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Claims (25)

  1. Procédé destiné à brûler des combustibles liquides et/ou gazeux avec de l'air de combustion dans une chambre de combustion (15) située en aval d'un tube de brûleur ainsi que d'un disque déflecteur (3)
    - avec plusieurs flammes individuelles (16.1 et 16.2) formées par des buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) du combustible amené, lesquelles sont situées à une distance donnée les unes des autres et de l'axe du tube de brûleur,
    - avec une flamme combinée (16.3) formée par les flammes individuelles (16.1 et 16.2) et
    - avec commande de l'air de combustion selon la quantité et/ou la forme correspondant aux besoins du procédé,
    - la flamme combinée (16.3) étant formée sans flamme centrale, donc sans buse centrale de combustible,
    - les flammes individuelles (16.1 et 16.2) étant disposées à une distance telle du centre de la flamme combinée (16.3) et étant écartées les unes des autres de manière telle que la flamme combinée (16.3), qui est donc formée sans flamme centrale, forme en aval du disque déflecteur un espace vide correspondant (19) et
    - pour la commande de l'air de combustion, ledit air de combustion étant dirigé au moins partiellement vers le centre de la flamme combinée (16.3) et le disque déflecteur (3) formant une retenue ou une dépression dans l'espace vide (19) de la flamme combinée (16.3) de sorte qu'une recirculation de gaz brûlés se produit à l'intérieur de l'espace vide (19),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - la recirculation est favorisée par une ouverture centrale (4) du disque déflecteur (3), l'ouverture du disque déflecteur (3) étant disposée de manière centrale par rapport au flux d'air et aux buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les flammes individuelles se composent de flammes de base (16.1) et de flammes supplémentaires (16.2), les flammes de base (16.1) servant à l'allumage et au contrôle des flammes supplémentaires (16.2) et donc aussi de la flamme combinée (16.3).
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le réglage de puissance d'au moins certaines flammes est effectué par le biais de la commande du flux de retour du combustible.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour obtenir une puissance à plusieurs niveaux, l'alimentation en combustible est assurée par au moins trois buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) qui peuvent être mises en marche et/ou à l'arrêt de manière indépendante les unes des autres.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la quantité du combustible amené à au moins une des buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) peut être modifiée.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la modification de quantité peut aller jusqu'à zéro.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des flammes individuelles (16.1, 16.2) (flamme de base et/ou flamme supplémentaire) présente son propre système d'allumage.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans le flux de l'air de combustion sont prévus des organes (3, 5) disposés en direction de la partie périphérique extérieure de la flamme combinée (16.3) afin d'assurer une recirculation (18) de gaz brûlés également sur le côté extérieur des flammes.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'introduction de substances difficilement et/ou non combustibles (huiles, additifs, urée ou substances similaires) dans l'espace vide (19) de la flamme combinée (16.3) donne lieu à une combustion spéciale ou réaction de détoxification de substances spéciales qui ne prennent pas part à la production des flammes.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les substances destinées à la combustion spéciale sont dirigées vers le centre de l'espace creux (19) de la flamme combinée (16.3).
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que pour la combustion spéciale sont utilisées des substances (glycérine, gaz pauvres, etc.) qui en soi ne sont pas combustibles par elles-mêmes ni appropriées à la production de flammes.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que des additifs (urées, vapeur d'eau ou substances similaires) sont utilisés pour détoxifier la flamme.
  13. Dispositif brûleur utilisant le fioul et/ou le gaz comme combustible, avec des buses individuelles destinées à produire des flammes individuelles (16.1 et 16.2) qui forment une flamme combinée (16.3), en particulier pour la réalisation du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12,
    - sans buse centrale de combustible de sorte que la flamme combinée formée sans flamme centrale forme un espace vide (19),
    - avec un tube de flamme (1) ouvert vers la flamme, dans le sens de flux (14),
    - avec des buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) pour l'injection, la pulvérisation ou l'introduction du combustible, le tube de flamme (1) présentant à son extrémité un cône (5) et les buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) étant disposées à une distance donnée les unes des autres et du centre du tube de flamme (1), et ce à l'intérieur de ce dernier et du cône (5),
    - avec des conduites de combustible (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) menant aux buses individuelles ((2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37),
    - avec des dispositifs de commande (10, 24, 35, 26, 35, 36, 39) situés dans les conduites de combustible (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) pour la commande du combustible,
    - avec un dispositif de soufflage d'air servant au transport de l'air de combustion et
    - avec un organe de commande de flux (3), réalisé sous forme de disque déflecteur, qui est situé dans le flux de l'air de combustion et commande le flux de l'air, caractérisé en ce que le disque déflecteur (3) présente une ouverture centrale (4) située de manière centrale par rapport au flux d'air et aux buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) de sorte qu'une dépression forme en aval, dans la zone centrale de la flamme combinée, l'espace vide (19) dépourvu de flamme dans lequel a lieu une recirculation interne de gaz brûlés.
  14. Dispositif brûleur selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'un tube de flamme (1) de forme tubulaire, commun aux buses de combustible (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) est prévu en amont de la zone de la flamme et en ce que dans ledit tube de flamme commun (1) sont disposées, outre les buses individuelles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) servant de buse de base, plusieurs buses supplémentaires (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) situées à une distance donnée les unes des autres et de l'axe central du tube de flamme (1).
  15. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'une soupape ou un obturateur (10, 24, 35, 26, 35, 36, 39) à actionnement électrique est disposé(e) comme dispositif de commande dans au moins une des conduites de combustible (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42).
  16. Dispositif brûleur selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que pour commander la quantité de combustible amenée aux buses, une soupape de commande de quantité (10) est disposée dans au moins une des conduites de combustible (8, 11, 12).
  17. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des buses de combustible présente, outre la conduite d'amenée (22, 23), une conduite de retour (8, 12) pour le combustible dans laquelle est disposé un dispositif de commande (26) pour une quantité de flux de retour de combustible.
  18. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce que les différentes buses (buse individuelle, buse de base, buse supplémentaire 2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) sont disposées, indépendamment du combustible utilisé, les unes à côté des autres de manière à former au moins un cercle dont le centre est situé, dans une large mesure, au centre du disque déflecteur (3).
  19. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisé en ce que les conduites de combustible (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) menant aux buses de base (27, 31) et/ou aux buses supplémentaires (28, 32) bifurquent respectivement à partir d'une conduite centrale commandable de manière individuelle, reliée à la source de combustible et en ce que dans les conduites de bifurcation est disposé respectivement un dispositif de commande (35, 36, 10) pour commander la quantité du combustible.
  20. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 19, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une disposition combinée de buses de fioul (2, 27, 28) et de buses de gaz (31, 32, 37), la buse de base et la buse supplémentaire servant respectivement de buse de fioul et de buse de gaz.
  21. Dispositif brûleur selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que la buse de fioul (2) est disposée respectivement de manière coaxiale à l'intérieur de la buse de gaz (37).
  22. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 21, caractérisé en ce que de manière centrale par rapport aux buses (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 et 37) formant la flamme combinée est disposée, dans le tube de flamme (1), une buse spéciale (40) permettant l'introduction d'additifs non combustibles ou la combustion spéciale de combustibles spéciaux difficilement combustibles.
  23. Dispositif brûleur selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce que la buse spéciale (40) présente une lance pénétrant dans la zone creuse de la flamme et permettant d'amener les substances non combustibles dans la flamme combinée présentant une recirculation des gaz brûlés.
  24. Dispositif brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 22 et 23, caractérisé en ce que la buse spéciale (40) présente un tuyau d'aller ainsi qu'un tuyau de retour pour les substances non combustibles.
  25. Dispositif brûleur selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que la buse spéciale (40) est actionnée de manière hydraulique.
EP08715520.6A 2007-02-27 2008-02-27 Flamme creuse Active EP2126471B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710009922 DE102007009922A1 (de) 2007-02-27 2007-02-27 Hohlflamme
PCT/DE2008/000328 WO2008104158A2 (fr) 2007-02-27 2008-02-27 Flamme creuse

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EP2126471A2 EP2126471A2 (fr) 2009-12-02
EP2126471B1 true EP2126471B1 (fr) 2016-02-10

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2116766B1 (fr) * 2008-05-09 2016-01-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur avec lance à combustible
DE102016125526B3 (de) * 2016-12-22 2018-05-30 Max Weishaupt Gmbh Mischvorrichtung und Brennerkopf für einen Brenner mit reduziertem NOx-Ausstoß
US10982846B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2021-04-20 Webster Combustion Technology Llc Vortex recirculating combustion burner head
EP4235027A1 (fr) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-30 Sofinter S.p.A. Installation de brûleur pour une chaudière et procédé de fonctionnement de l'installation de brûleur

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JPS60202225A (ja) 1984-03-27 1985-10-12 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 輝炎発生燃焼装置
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DE4002238A1 (de) 1990-01-26 1991-08-01 Elco Energiesysteme Gmbh Oelbrenner
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Also Published As

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DE102007009922A1 (de) 2008-08-28
WO2008104158A3 (fr) 2008-11-20
EP2126471A2 (fr) 2009-12-02
WO2008104158A2 (fr) 2008-09-04

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