EP2120244A1 - Disjoncteur haute pression - Google Patents

Disjoncteur haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2120244A1
EP2120244A1 EP08156231A EP08156231A EP2120244A1 EP 2120244 A1 EP2120244 A1 EP 2120244A1 EP 08156231 A EP08156231 A EP 08156231A EP 08156231 A EP08156231 A EP 08156231A EP 2120244 A1 EP2120244 A1 EP 2120244A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
mixing chamber
hot gas
gas
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08156231A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Xiangyang Ye
Nicola Gariboldi
Andreas Dahlquist
Stephan Grob
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP08156231A priority Critical patent/EP2120244A1/fr
Publication of EP2120244A1 publication Critical patent/EP2120244A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker, comprising a container filled with insulating gas and a switching unit arranged in the container and aligned along an axis and capable of being acted upon by high voltage, having a quenching chamber and at least one exhaust volume.
  • the exhaust volume is connected via an inlet to an arc zone forming when it is switched off in the quenching chamber and communicates with the interior of the container via an outlet which is led through a housing of the switching unit.
  • the exhaust volume has an annularly guided around the axis chamber in which flowing from the arc zone hot gas is mixed by recirculation with cool insulating gas.
  • the described switch has an extinguishing chamber, an exhaust chamber downstream of the extinguishing chamber and an extinguishing chamber and exhaust volume arranged and a baffle plate containing intermediate volume.
  • hot gas generated in the quenching chamber by a switching arc flows out of an insulating nozzle into the exhaust volume via the intermediate volume.
  • the hot gas hits the baffle plate and is deflected. Then it hits a bottleneck of a Laval nozzle.
  • Downstream of the baffle plate creates a recirculation area in which an effective flow is formed, which leads to a particularly good mixing of the hot gas with already existing in the intermediate volume cooler insulating gas.
  • the dielectric properties of the hot gas are improved and thus increases the switching capacity of the switch.
  • EP 1 768 150 A1 shows a high-voltage switch, the switching power is achieved by precooling the hot gas formed during switching off by means of a filled with cold insulating gas intermediate volume, in which the hot gas is divided into two partial flows, one of which flows through the intermediate volume and thereby displaces the cold gas, while the other am Intermediate volume is passed and then mixed with the displaced cold gas to a dielectrically high-quality insulating gas.
  • WO 2006/066420 A1 known circuit breaker recirculates the hot gas in a trained as a sleeve exhaust area and builds so inside the sleeve back pressure.
  • the hot gas therefore subsequently flows in the form of a plurality of gas jets through openings in the sleeve.
  • a large number of vortices is produced, which cause intensive cooling of the hot gas through turbulent convective heat transfer into the baffle wall.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with improved switching performance.
  • a mixing chamber designed in the manner of a hollow cylinder with two annular end faces is provided in the exhaust volume, one of the fed hot gas front of both end faces of two axially staggered plates formed, and is arranged between the two plates a radially aligned annular gap through the hot gas supplied flows predominantly in the radial direction into the interior of the mixing chamber.
  • the hot gas passing from the annular gap into the interior of the chamber has a pulse proportional to the width of the annular gap and flows along the chamber wall. It is thus produced a virtually the entire volume of the mixing chamber filling, toroidal vortex high energy. This vortex ensures a rapid and intensive mixing of the incoming hot gas with the entire existing in the mixing chamber cool insulating gas, whereby a particularly effective cooling of the hot gas is achieved. Therefore, the gas emerging from the exhaust volume has properties even when switching off large short-circuit currents, which satisfy the requirements in areas of the switch which are subject to high dielectric stress.
  • a first of the two plates is fastened to a part of the housing designed as an inner tube and a second of the two plates to a part of the housing designed as an outer tube, and the outer radius of the first plate is at least equal to the inner radius of the second plate.
  • the length of the mixing chamber in the axial direction is approximately equal to the height of the chamber in the radial direction. It is then ensured that the vortex can form without great flow resistance in the mixing chamber, and that the vortex is maintained over a comparatively large period of time without significant friction losses through the surrounding wall of the mixing chamber.
  • the flow cross section of the annular gap is kept small, at least smaller than the flow cross section of the inlet to the exhaust volume and larger than the flow cross section of the outlet from the exhaust volume into a surrounding and the switching unit filled with insulating gas outside space.
  • the dielectric properties of the hot gas can be further improved if the exhaust volume has at least two series-connected, similarly formed mixing chambers, wherein the rear end face facing away from the inlet of the upstream first mixing chamber at the same time forms the front end side of the downstream second mixing chamber.
  • the homogeneous vortex builds up a back pressure in the upstream first mixing chamber. This back pressure ensures a strong flow of the passing of the upstream first in the downstream second mixing chamber gas.
  • the exhaust volume having at least one hollow-cylindrical mixing chamber is generally arranged upstream of an insulating nozzle provided in the quenching chamber and radially delimiting the arc zone. Alternatively, however, it can also be arranged downstream of the insulating nozzle. In a particularly powerful embodiment of the switch according to the invention, a second exhaust volume closes downstream of the insulating nozzle. Also in this second exhaust volume is advantageously arranged at least one hollow cylindrical mixing chamber, since then an excessively high dielectric load is avoided in the surrounding insulating gas when exiting the dielectrically improved and cooled in the mixing chamber hot gas from the second exhaust.
  • the hot gas does not necessarily have to flow directly from the arc zone into the hollow cylindrical mixing chamber. It can also pass indirectly from the arc zone into the mixing chamber, for example via a premixing chamber upstream of the mixing chamber.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown high-voltage circuit breaker has a filled with a compressed insulating gas, such as based on sulfur hexafluoride or a sulfur hexafluoride gas mixture, and generally made of metal, possibly also from a weather-resistant insulating, existing container K.
  • a switching unit E which can be acted upon by high voltage, which is aligned along an axis X and has an axially symmetrical, substantially tubular housing 10.
  • the Housing 10 receives a quenching chamber 20 and two exhaust volumes 30 and 40, of which the exhaust volume 30 connects to the lower end and the exhaust volume 40 to the upper end of the quenching chamber 20.
  • the housing 10 is formed in a coaxial arrangement of two metal hollow bodies 11 and 12 and an insulating tube 13, which connects the two metal hollow body together gas-tight and forms a determined by the high voltage insulation distance between the two metal hollow bodies 11, 12.
  • In the quenching chamber 20 is a contact arrangement with two along the axis X relative to each other displaceable switching pieces each having a rated current and an arcing contact.
  • An arc contact of a first one of the two contact pieces, which is movable by a drive D, is hollow and communicates via outlet openings 22 with a premixing chamber 31 located in the exhaust volume 30.
  • the arcing contact of the fixedly arranged second contact piece is identified by reference numeral 23 and is referred to as a pin educated.
  • the movable contact piece and thus also the arcing contact 21 are electrically conductively connected via a sliding contact 24 and the metal hollow body 11 to a first power connection, not shown, of the switching unit E.
  • the stationary contact piece and thus also the arcing contact 23 are electrically connected via a supporting ring containing spokes 25 and the hollow metal body 12 with a second power connection, not shown, of the switching unit E.
  • the movable contact piece carries an insulating nozzle 26 coaxially surrounding the two arcing contacts 21 and 23 from a polymeric insulating material, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, which extinguishes in the event of arcing.
  • the insulating nozzle 26 defines an arc zone 27 radially outward. The arc zone is formed when switched off by the separating arcing contacts 21, 23 and in this case takes on the two contacts 21, 23 footed switching arc.
  • the exhaust volume 30 is enclosed by the metal hollow body 11 and contains not only the premixing chamber 31 but also four series mixing chambers 32, 33, 34 and 35, which are each guided in a ring around the axis X.
  • the Mixing chambers 32, 33 and 34 are each designed in the manner of a hollow cylinder and each have two annular end faces 3, 3 '(only referred to in the mixing chamber 32).
  • 3a ', 3b' (indicated only at the chamber 32) are formed.
  • a radially aligned annular gap 3c respectively. 3c ' As can be seen, the two plates 3a and 3b respectively.
  • 3a 'and 3b' each formed as a circular ring.
  • the plates 3a and 3a ' are attached to a part of the metal hollow body 11 formed as an inner tube 11b as an outer tube 11a and the plates 3b and 3b'.
  • the outer radius of the plates 3b and 3b ' is at least equal to the inner radius of the plate 3a and 3a'.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen that the mixing chamber 32 is connected via the premixing chamber 31 with the outlet openings 22 acting as a gas inlet of the exhaust volume 30, and that the mixing chamber 35 has outlet openings 36 acting as a gas outlet of the exhaust volume 30. Through these openings 36 can during operation of the switch insulating gas from the container K into the interior of the housing 10, ie in the two exhaust volumes 30, 40 and the quenching chamber 20, flow and flows when turned off exhaust gas from the exhaust volume 30 in the insulating gas-filled container K from ,
  • the flow S1 is admitted through the outlet openings 22 into the premixing chamber 31, in which the incoming hot gas is calmed and pre-cooled by premixing with cool insulating gas.
  • the when cooling large short-circuit currents in general temperatures higher than 3000 K exhibiting, pre-cooled hot gas now bounces on the end face 3a of the mixing chamber 32 and is deflected in the radial direction.
  • the deflected hot gas S1 is in the off Fig.2 accelerated annular gap 3c accelerates and enters the interior of the mixing chamber 32 at high speed and with a predominantly radially oriented flow direction. In this case, it is largely guided along the inner wall of the mixing chamber 32.
  • the impulse resp. the velocity of the incoming hot gas S1 and thus the intensity of the induced vortex W can be reduced by reducing the in Fig.2 increased with the reference numeral A flow cross-section of the annular gap 3c.
  • the flow cross-section A of the annular gap 3c should be smaller than the flow cross-section of the gas inlet defined by the outlet openings 22 and larger than the flow cross-section of the outlet openings 36 be defined gas outlet of the exhaust volume 30. Is that off Fig.
  • the dielectric properties of the hot gas flow S1 are successively improved by the similar mixing chambers 33 and 34 subsequently flowing through it and the mixing chamber 35. It is advantageous that the homogeneous vortex W builds up a dynamic pressure in the mixing chamber 32 which, for a strong flow, passes from the mixing chamber 32 into the mixing chamber 33 Flow S1 provides. In the case of large short-circuit currents, the momentum of the hot gas flow S1 passing out of the mixing chamber 32 is generally still sufficient to produce well-formed vortices in the chamber 33 and in the following chambers 34 and 35 as well. Since high-voltage circuit breakers outside the insulating gas-filled container, ie in air, have to hold the applied high voltage, they generally extend in the axial direction substantially longer than radially. Therefore, a plurality of mixing chambers connected in series can be installed in the switching unit E, without exceeding the predetermined length in the axial direction by the magnitude of the high voltage.
  • At least one of the mixing chamber 32 comparable hollow cylindrical chamber 41 may be provided in the exhaust volume 40, in which the flowing out of the diffuser of the insulating 26 hot gas flow S2 is guided with a radially directed flow component into the interior of the mixing chamber 41 and in this case the vortex W ' forms.
  • exhaust gas enters the space between the metal hollow body 12 and container K and is thus not significantly reduced the dielectric strength in this space when exhausts of switching gas.
  • At least one downstream further mixing chambers 42 additionally improves the dielectric properties of the hot gas flow S2.
  • the time dependence of the breakdown voltage U BD was determined at three comparably trained switches during a zero crossing CZ of the current to be disconnected.
  • Erf1 means a first embodiment of the switch according to the invention with a mixing chamber corresponding to the mixing chamber 32
  • Erf2 a second embodiment of the switch according to the invention with two such mixing chambers connected in series
  • SdT a prior art embodiment without such a mixing chamber. From the diagram shows that the minimum of the breakdown voltage in both embodiments according to the invention is substantially higher than in the switch according to the prior art, and that at the same time the breakdown voltage in the two embodiments according to the invention is subjected to substantially lower fluctuations than the switch after the state of the art. Therefore, the switch according to the invention is characterized by an improved switching performance.
  • the breakdown voltage is obviously increased compared to the embodiment erf1 and thus the switching performance is additionally improved.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
EP08156231A 2008-05-15 2008-05-15 Disjoncteur haute pression Withdrawn EP2120244A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08156231A EP2120244A1 (fr) 2008-05-15 2008-05-15 Disjoncteur haute pression

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08156231A EP2120244A1 (fr) 2008-05-15 2008-05-15 Disjoncteur haute pression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2120244A1 true EP2120244A1 (fr) 2009-11-18

Family

ID=39832672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08156231A Withdrawn EP2120244A1 (fr) 2008-05-15 2008-05-15 Disjoncteur haute pression

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP2120244A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012067759A1 (fr) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-24 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Disjoncteur doté d'une évacuation contrôlée
WO2013120733A1 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareillage de coupure
DE102012202406A1 (de) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Ag Schaltgeräteanordnung
DE102013209663A1 (de) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgaskanal sowie Schalteinrichtung mit Schaltgaskanal
WO2017162533A1 (fr) 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 Abb Schweiz Ag Dispositif disjoncteur de circuit électrique à piège de particules
EP3407370A1 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2018-11-28 General Electric Technology GmbH Interrupteur à gaz comprimé comprenant une chambre de stockage de gaz optimisée
EP3726554A1 (fr) * 2019-04-16 2020-10-21 General Electric Technology GmbH Disjoncteur avec enceinte metallique
EP3767659A1 (fr) * 2019-07-15 2021-01-20 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Disjoncteur avec amélioration du refroidissement d'échappement

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4181942A (en) 1978-03-31 1980-01-01 International Business Machines Corporation Program branching method and apparatus
US4182942A (en) * 1976-05-04 1980-01-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Puffer-type gas-blast circuit breaker
DE3009504A1 (de) * 1979-11-30 1981-06-04 Sprecher & Schuh AG, 5001 Aarau, Aargau Druckgasschalter
EP0177714A2 (fr) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-16 BBC Brown Boveri AG Disjoncteur à gaz comprimé
JPH1012104A (ja) * 1996-06-25 1998-01-16 Toshiba Corp ガス遮断器
EP1605485A1 (fr) 2004-06-07 2005-12-14 ABB Technology AG Disjoncteur
WO2006066420A1 (fr) 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Abb Technology Ag Interrupteur de generatrice a puissance de coupure accrue
EP1768150A1 (fr) 2005-09-26 2007-03-28 ABB Technology AG Disjoncteur à haute tension avec pouvoir de coupure ameliorée

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4182942A (en) * 1976-05-04 1980-01-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Puffer-type gas-blast circuit breaker
US4181942A (en) 1978-03-31 1980-01-01 International Business Machines Corporation Program branching method and apparatus
DE3009504A1 (de) * 1979-11-30 1981-06-04 Sprecher & Schuh AG, 5001 Aarau, Aargau Druckgasschalter
EP0177714A2 (fr) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-16 BBC Brown Boveri AG Disjoncteur à gaz comprimé
JPH1012104A (ja) * 1996-06-25 1998-01-16 Toshiba Corp ガス遮断器
EP1605485A1 (fr) 2004-06-07 2005-12-14 ABB Technology AG Disjoncteur
WO2006066420A1 (fr) 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Abb Technology Ag Interrupteur de generatrice a puissance de coupure accrue
EP1768150A1 (fr) 2005-09-26 2007-03-28 ABB Technology AG Disjoncteur à haute tension avec pouvoir de coupure ameliorée

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8519287B2 (en) 2010-11-15 2013-08-27 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Circuit breaker with controlled exhaust
CN103210464A (zh) * 2010-11-15 2013-07-17 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 具有可控排出的断路器
WO2012067759A1 (fr) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-24 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Disjoncteur doté d'une évacuation contrôlée
CN103210464B (zh) * 2010-11-15 2014-11-12 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 具有可控排出的断路器
US9396891B2 (en) 2012-02-16 2016-07-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement
CN104115251A (zh) * 2012-02-16 2014-10-22 西门子公司 开关器装置
DE102012202406A1 (de) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Ag Schaltgeräteanordnung
WO2013120733A1 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareillage de coupure
US10199189B2 (en) 2012-02-16 2019-02-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement
DE102013209663A1 (de) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgaskanal sowie Schalteinrichtung mit Schaltgaskanal
CN109155217A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2019-01-04 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 带有微粒捕集器的电气断路器装置
WO2017162533A1 (fr) 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 Abb Schweiz Ag Dispositif disjoncteur de circuit électrique à piège de particules
US10553378B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2020-02-04 Abb Schweiz Ag Electrical circuit breaker device with particle trap
CN109155217B (zh) * 2016-03-24 2020-03-17 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 带有微粒捕集器的电气断路器装置
EP3407370A1 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2018-11-28 General Electric Technology GmbH Interrupteur à gaz comprimé comprenant une chambre de stockage de gaz optimisée
EP3726554A1 (fr) * 2019-04-16 2020-10-21 General Electric Technology GmbH Disjoncteur avec enceinte metallique
WO2020212284A1 (fr) * 2019-04-16 2020-10-22 General Electric Technology Gmbh Disjoncteur avec enceinte métallique
EP3767659A1 (fr) * 2019-07-15 2021-01-20 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Disjoncteur avec amélioration du refroidissement d'échappement
WO2021009148A1 (fr) * 2019-07-15 2021-01-21 Abb Power Grids Switzerland Ag Disjoncteur à refroidissement de gaz d'évacuation amélioré

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