EP2117731B1 - Appareil de commande de flux de produits pour tri - Google Patents

Appareil de commande de flux de produits pour tri Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2117731B1
EP2117731B1 EP08729949.1A EP08729949A EP2117731B1 EP 2117731 B1 EP2117731 B1 EP 2117731B1 EP 08729949 A EP08729949 A EP 08729949A EP 2117731 B1 EP2117731 B1 EP 2117731B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
product
products
valve
slide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08729949.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2117731A1 (fr
EP2117731A4 (fr
Inventor
Dale Adolph Svatek
Patric Carey Pike
Simon John HILL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satake USA Inc
Original Assignee
Satake USA Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Satake USA Inc filed Critical Satake USA Inc
Publication of EP2117731A1 publication Critical patent/EP2117731A1/fr
Publication of EP2117731A4 publication Critical patent/EP2117731A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2117731B1 publication Critical patent/EP2117731B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/02—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors
    • B65G47/16—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding materials in bulk
    • B65G47/18—Arrangements or applications of hoppers or chutes
    • B65G47/19—Arrangements or applications of hoppers or chutes having means for controlling material flow, e.g. to prevent overloading
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/02—Articles
    • B65G2201/0202—Agricultural and processed food products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S209/00—Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
    • Y10S209/911—Feed means supporting or guiding item moving under influence of gravity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to product delivery systems particularly suited for in gravitationally-fed sorters of transversely-spaced products moving along a direction of travel, which sorters separate transversely spaced products according to differences in their characteristics.
  • the invention relates to a product flow control apparatus controlling the flow rate of products to be sorted, flowing at high rates induced by gravity which may be used in connection with relatively small, granular products to increase product density through the sorting machine and to increase sorting efficiency.
  • a typical sorting machine of the type envisioned for application of the present invention is a gravity-fed high-speed sorting machine used for sorting small products, including fungible products in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
  • individual rice grains may be sorted to separate grains selected as "substandard.”
  • "substandard” may apply to a grain having any undesirable characteristic, including color, shape, size or breakage, or any other characteristic not within the limits for acceptable products for a particular sorting.
  • product refers generally to the entirety of the item to be sorted, but may also be used to refer to an individual item.
  • Such a sorter incorporates a slide or chute at a steep angle having one or more channels across its width.
  • a hopper or other feed system is positioned to dispense its product on the top of the slide.
  • Gravity slide sorters have been in use for many years, sorting a wide variety of food products and many non-food products as well. Early sorters were single channel units, with a flat, "J,” “U”-, or “V”-shaped slide conveying product to a viewing area. Later, larger sorters were developed with 2, 6, 8, 12, etc., individual slides on a single frame. These individual slides were similar to the slides used on the single channel units, but economies were gained by constructing multiple slides on a single frame. These sorters presented multiple linear streams, or "strings", of product to be viewed.
  • the slide is divided across its width and configured so that an approximately evenly proportioned number of dispensed products are directed to each of the channels.
  • Such techniques of distributing to each channel the proper amount of product being dispensed onto the slide are well-known in the art.
  • a typical slide has numerous channels that may number as high as 64 or more, although slides for many machines in service today have only a limited number of channels, like 8, and in some applications it is preferable to use a single channel.
  • This important feature eliminates the condition of a defective product or article passing through the viewer in a location that causes two adjacent ejectors to fire at the same product, which often ejects an excessive amount of acceptable product along with the unacceptable.
  • Standard gravity-fed sorting machines by virtue of requiring conveyance to the slide, require the product be transported laterally and cast onto the slide or guide.
  • the product may be impelled against a solid surface, in the case of a front conveyance system or enter the slide a low downward velocity on a path to contact the guide, in the case of a rear conveyance system.
  • the gravity-fed products to be sorted are fed from a hopper, which feeds to the slide through a dividing vibratory feeder.
  • the vibratory feeder is integrated within the sorting machine, but is sufficiently isolated to reduce vibration of the remainder of the sorting machine.
  • unacceptable product in this additional amount may not be ejected from the product flow.
  • the effect of this unacceptable flow is sometimes referred to as the "dribble effect.”
  • unacceptable product, or contaminants may be included in otherwise acceptable product.
  • cessation of the vibratory feeder or exhaustion of the product supply may result in product being stranded intermediate the product supply and the slide, requiring the machine to be configured for operation to expel the unprocessed product, particularly if a different product is to be sorted.
  • the density of the product at the scan line drives the throughput of the sorting machine. Determination of whether the product is outside permissible paramters is accomplished by various optical equipment known in the art, such as cameras. Identification of an individual product outside of permissible parameters causes the sorter to cause an ejector to fire at the time the identified individual product will pass before the ejector. It is therefore advantageous to increase the density of the product passing through the sorting machine to the maximum density at which the optical equipment can image the passing product as this increases the throughput of the sorting machine, a desirable characteristic in the market as more product can therefore be processed.
  • JP-A-4 10-99794 and JP-2006 111 434 show product flow control including a repositionable flow valve in communication with the product reservoir.
  • the vibratory feeder, or like motion inducing devices are replaced with a product reservoir, a high-speed control gate, and an controllable feed-rate metering gate.
  • the high-speed control gate is located at the bottom of the product reservoir, providing for gravity-induced feed of the products when the high-speed control gate is opened.
  • the controllable feed-rate metering gate limits the maximum feed-rate of the products after the high-speed control gate is opened. Upon opening, the maximum flow rate set by the controllable feed-rate metering gate is met immediately. Upon closing of the high-speed control gate, no further products enter the sorter.
  • the product through-put of the sorter is increased by increasing the density of the product at singulation.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 a multi-channel, high-speed sorter for separating nonstandard products from a passing stream or flow of such products is shown.
  • This type of sorting machine is well-known.
  • the invention disclosed herein may be used with any sorter and should not be construed as limited to the particular type of gravity-fed sorter depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • a typical sorting machine 10 includes one or more slides or slides 12 at a steep angle, usually over 45 degrees from the horizon and preferably nearly vertical on the order of 80 degrees.
  • the slides are held in position by a framework 14.
  • a hopper 16 containing products 100 (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 ) to be sorted is attached to the same framework and provides products 100 by respective feed delivery control 18 to the slide 12.
  • the products 100 to be separated or sorted are any food or fungible material, and particularly those that are relatively small, such as almonds, peanuts, and rice grains.
  • the size of the products 100 is product-dependant. In operation, product flow rate is less than free fall due to friction between product and slide surface. As a result product flow rate is quite high, as is well-known in the art.
  • Machines having only a single slide and machines with many more than two slides are not uncommon.
  • the machine 10 contains at least one product viewer 20, which may be an optical sensor, to scan passing products 100.
  • the plane at which the product viewer 20 images the passing products 100 is typically referred to as the scan line 201.
  • the scan line 201 When a product 100 to be separated from the passing flow is identified from the output of a product viewer 20, the corresponding nozzle of an ejector 36 is engaged, deflecting the selected product from the product direction of travel 37.
  • the product flow control apparatus 40 for use in a gravity-fed slide sorter 10 for sorting of products 100 is depicted.
  • the apparatus includes a product viewer 20 for sorting products 100 based on comparison of pre-determined criteria to output from the product viewer 20.
  • the gravity slide sorter 10 has at least one inclined chute or slide 12. In operation it would not be uncommon to have six or more slides per sorter. Positioned adjacent to each slide 12 is at least one product viewer 20 for imaging of passing products 100, typically below the slide bottom edge 125.
  • the inclined slide 12 also has a slide upper end 121, width 122, and length 124.
  • the slide length 124 must be sufficient to obtain singulation of the products 100 before the products 100 reach the scan line 201 of the product viewer 20.
  • Singulation is the condition at which the flow of products 100 becomes laminar, i.e., when all products are moving with the same velocity (speed and direction). Products 100 are therefore not significantly bouncing about but instead cross the scan line 201, typically after passing the inclined slide bottom edge 125, on a path parallel to the slide 12.
  • each of the products 100 has a cross-sectional area 101 in the plane perpendicular to the flow valve 150 and a thickness 102.
  • the operating cross sectional area 123 of the inclined slide 12 is thereby defined by the product of the inclined slide width 122 and the product thickness 102, as measured perpendicular to the inclined slide 12.
  • the product flow control apparatus 40 includes a product reservoir 130, a flow-rate control passage 140, a flow valve 150, and a flow restrictor 160.
  • the product reservoir 130 contains the products 100 to be sorted.
  • the product reservoir 130 may be a hopper 16 or even piping directly from a large container of products 100.
  • a flow-rate control passage 140 which is vertically disposed, communicates with the product reservoir 130, so that the products 100 stored in the product reservoir 130 descend under gravity to the flow-rate control passage 140.
  • the flow-rate control passage 140 communicates with the inclined slide 12, so that the products 100 passing through the flow rate control passage 140 descend under gravity to the inclined slide 12.
  • the flow control 140 has an upper orifice 141, a lower orifice 142, a first side 143, and a cross-sectional area 144.
  • the upper orifice 141 provides the point of communication between the product reservoir 130 and the flow-rate control passage 140, while the lower orifice 142 provides the point of communication between the flow-rate control passage 140 and the slide 12.
  • a flow valve 150 is located intermediate the product reservoir 130 and the flow-rate control passage 140 and operates to preclude or permit the flow of products 100 to the flow-rate control passage 140 among a first flow-valve position 151, which may be a closed position, and a second flow-valve position 152, which may be an open position.
  • the flow valve 150 terminates communication between the product reservoir 130 and the flow-rate control passage 140 in the first flow-valve position 151, thereby precluding the flow of products 100 to the flow-rate control passage 140.
  • the flow valve 150 permits communication between the product reservoir 130 and the flow-rate control passage 140 in the second flow-valve position 152, thereby permitting the flow of products 100 to the flow-rate control passage 140.
  • the flow valve 150 nearly instantaneously positions between the first flow-valve position 151 and the second flow-valve position 152. Near instantaneous positioning so rapidly permits the flow of products 100 to the flow-rate control passage 140 that the maximum flow rate of products 100 from the product reservoir 130 is essentially immediately attained. Near immediate reaching of the maximum product flow rate from the product reservoir 130 is beneficial as it ensures a complete and usable sort of products at the inception of the sorting operation. This provides a complete set of targets for sorting and full throughput at start-up. Likewise, near instantaneous repositioning so rapidly precludes the flow of products 100 to the flow-rate control passage 140 that the flow rate of products 100 from the product reservoir 130 essentially immediately drops to zero.
  • the flow valve 150 operates between positions precluding or permitting flow in less than one second.
  • the flow valve 150 may be positioned by an actuator 153.
  • the flow valve 150 may be any type of valve capable of rapid closure and rapid opening.
  • a flow restrictor 160 is located within or adjacent to a flow-rate control passage 140 and operable by an actuator 170 from at least one flow-restrictor position 161, which includes a first flow-rate-control position 162.
  • the flow restrictor 160 is affixed within the flow-rate control passage 140 at the flow-rate control passage first side 143.
  • the flow restrictor 160 reduces the cross-sectional area 144 of the flow-rate control passage 140 at the first flow-rate-control position 162.
  • the cross-sectional area 144 of the flow-rate control passage 140 when the flow restrictor 160 is in the first flow-rate-control position 162 is comparable to, i.e. nearly equal but not exceeding, the operating cross sectional area 123 of the inclined slide 12.
  • the maximum flow rate of products 100 exiting the flow-rate control passage 140 is or approaches the maximum flow rate at which the products 100 may descend the slide 12 and reach singulation at or before the scan line 201.
  • the products 100 are at or near maximum density for slide 12, unlike present sorting machines. This encourages sorting at maximum capacity as the product 100 is introduced to the slide 12 at the flow rate necessary to obtain full slide fill, as depicted in FIG. 6 , while eliminating potential incomplete sorting targets at sort inception and termination.
  • the flow restrictor 160 is not adjusted to preclude flow of the products 100 at the end of operation, the flow restrictor 160 presents a downwardly-inclined face 163 to the products 100 at all times. Cessation of product being introduced to the slide 12, or shutdown of the sorting system, therefore cannot result in product 100 being stranded intermediate the product reservoir 130 and the slide 12, and thereby avoids the need to expel unprocessed material.
  • the combination of these devices thereby overcomes the shortcomings of the art, while permitting the maximum flow rate possible for sorting.
  • the throughput of a sorting machine coupled to this product flow control apparatus 40 is substantially increased.
  • the throughput of a sorting machine has been doubled.
  • the throughput of the machine has been tripled.
  • the power requirements associated with the sorting operation are reduced.
  • the space requirements associated with the sorting operation are reduced as a result of use of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Appareil de commande de flux de produits (40) destiné à être utilisé dans un trieur à goulotte par gravité (10) pour trier des produits (100) ;
    chacun desdits produits (100) ayant une épaisseur (102) ;
    ledit trieur à goulotte par gravité (10) ayant une visionneuse de produit (20), ladite visionneuse de produit (20) définissant une ligne de balayage (201) ;
    ledit trieur à goulotte par gravité (10) triant les produits (100) en fonction d'une comparaison de critères prédéterminés à la sortie de ladite visionneuse de produit (20) ;
    ledit trieur à goulotte par gravité (10) ayant au moins une goulotte inclinée (12) ;
    ladite goulotte inclinée (12) ayant une extrémité supérieure de goulotte (121) ;
    ladite goulotte inclinée (12) ayant une largeur (122) ;
    ladite visionneuse de produit (20) étant positionnée adjacente à ladite au moins une goulotte inclinée (12) ;
    ladite goulotte inclinée (12) ayant une surface de section transversale opérationnelle (123), ladite surface de section transversale opérationnelle (123) étant le produit de ladite largeur de goulotte inclinée (122) et de ladite épaisseur de produit (102) ;
    ladite goulotte inclinée (12) ayant une longueur (124) et une inclinaison suffisantes pour obtenir une individualisation desdits produits (100) avant que lesdits produits (100) n'atteignent ladite ligne de balayage (201) ;
    comprenant :
    un réservoir de produit (130) ;
    ledit réservoir de produit (130) contenant lesdits produits (100) à trier ;
    un passage de commande de débit (140) ;
    ledit passage de commande de débit (140) ayant un orifice supérieur (141), un orifice inférieur (142), un premier côté (143), et une surface de section transversale (144) ;
    ledit orifice supérieur de passage de commande de débit (141) étant en communication avec ledit réservoir de produit (130) ;
    ledit orifice inférieur de passage de commande de débit (142) étant en communication avec ladite au moins une goulotte inclinée (12) ;
    ledit passage de commande de débit (140) étant disposé verticalement ;
    une vanne de flux (150) ;
    ladite vanne de flux (150) se trouvant entre ledit réservoir de produit (130) et ledit passage de commande de débit (140) ;
    ladite vanne de flux (150) pouvant fonctionner entre une première position de vanne de flux (151) et une seconde position de vanne de flux (152) ;
    ladite vanne de flux (150) terminant la communication entre ledit réservoir de produit (130) et ledit passage de commande de débit (140) dans ladite première position de vanne de flux (151) ;
    ladite vanne de flux (150) permettant la communication entre ledit réservoir de produit (130) et ledit passage de commande de débit (140) dans ladite seconde position de vanne de flux (152) ;
    ladite vanne de flux (150) étant quasi instantanément repositionnée entre ladite première position de vanne de flux (151) et ladite seconde position de vanne de flux (152) ;
    un limiteur de débit (160) ;
    ledit limiteur de débit (160) pouvant fonctionner à au moins une position de limiteur de débit (161),
    ladite au moins une position de limiteur de débit (161) comprenant une première position de commande de débit (162) ;
    ledit limiteur de débit (160) réduisant ladite surface de section transversale (144) dudit passage de commande de débit (140) à ladite première position de commande de débit (162) ;
    ladite surface de section transversale (144) dudit passage de commande de débit (140) à ladite première position de commande de débit (162) étant comparable à ladite surface de section transversale opérationnelle (123) de ladite goulotte inclinée (12) ;
    ledit limiteur de débit (160) présentant une face inclinée vers le bas (163) auxdits produits (100) à tout moment.
  2. Appareil de commande de flux de produits (40) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre :
    un actionneur de limiteur de débit (170), ledit actionneur de limiteur de débit (170) positionnant ledit limiteur de débit (160).
  3. Appareil de commande de flux de produits (40) selon la revendication 2, comprenant en outre ledit limiteur de débit (160) positionné dans ledit passage de commande de débit (140) ; et ledit limiteur de débit (160) pouvant en outre fonctionner entre une pluralité de positions de limiteur de débit (161, 162).
  4. Appareil de commande de flux de produits (40) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre :
    un actionneur de vanne de flux (153), ledit actionneur de vanne de flux (153) positionnant ladite vanne de flux (150) ; dans lequel ledit actionneur de vanne de flux est conçu pour actionner ledit repositionnement quasi-instantané de la vanne de flux en moins d'une seconde.
EP08729949.1A 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Appareil de commande de flux de produits pour tri Not-in-force EP2117731B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US89004907P 2007-02-15 2007-02-15
PCT/US2008/054062 WO2008101150A1 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Appareil de commande de flux de produits pour tri

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2117731A1 EP2117731A1 (fr) 2009-11-18
EP2117731A4 EP2117731A4 (fr) 2012-01-18
EP2117731B1 true EP2117731B1 (fr) 2015-01-07

Family

ID=39690537

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08729949.1A Not-in-force EP2117731B1 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Appareil de commande de flux de produits pour tri

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7905357B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2117731B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008101150A1 (fr)

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DE202009019064U1 (de) 2009-12-18 2016-03-01 Lifestraw Sa Trinkhalm mit Hohlfaserflüssigkeitsfilter
BR112014030403B1 (pt) * 2012-06-04 2020-12-08 Vale S/A sistema de descarregamento de material a granel
CN107683183A (zh) 2015-03-16 2018-02-09 纳诺皮克集成软件解决方案私人有限公司 具有轨迹跟踪传感器网络的新型智能分级机及其方法
JP7116975B2 (ja) * 2016-08-31 2022-08-12 フロイント産業株式会社 逸脱処理装置及び逸脱処理方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008101150A1 (fr) 2008-08-21
EP2117731A1 (fr) 2009-11-18
US7905357B2 (en) 2011-03-15
EP2117731A4 (fr) 2012-01-18
US20080290003A1 (en) 2008-11-27

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